Vocabulary List

GCSE Classical Greek

OCR GCSE in Classical Greek: J291
Unit B402 Classical Greek Language 2 (History)

This Vocabulary List accompanies the OCR GCSE Classical Greek specification for
teaching from September 2009.

OCR 2009

Contents
Introduction

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page

Page 10

Page 11

Page 11

Page 11

Page 13

Page 13

Page 13

Page 14

Page 14

Page 15

Page 15

Vocabulary List

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

Introduction
This vocabulary list is required for GCSE Unit B402 Classical Greek Language 2
(History).
In addition to the words printed in the list, candidates will be expected to be
familiar with the following forms:

all regular adverbs formed from the listed adjectives;

comparative and superlative forms of all listed adjectives and

corresponding adverbs;

cardinal numbers 1 to 10;

compound verbs which are formed by using the prefixes printed in the list
(e.g. ejkbavllw, I throw out)

All other words in a passage will be glossed. When a listed word appears in a
passage with a meaning that is not listed, it will be glossed.

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

A
ajgaqov", ajgaqhv, ajgaqovn

good

ajggevllw, ajggelw', h[ggeila, hjggevlqhn

I announce

a[ggelo", ajggevlou, oJ

messenger

ajgorav, ajgora'", hJ

market-place

ajgrov", ajgrou', oJ

field, countryside

a[gw, a[xw, h[gagon, h[cqhn

I lead, bring

ajdikevw

I do wrong, injure

a[diko", a[diko", a[dikon

unjust, wrong

ajeiv

always

!Aqhnai'oi, !Aqhnaivwn, oiJ

Athenians

!Aqhnai'o", !Aqhnai'a, !Aqhnai'on

Athenian

a\qlon, a\qlou, tov

prize, reward

aiJrevw, aiJrhvsw, ei|lon, h/Jrevqhn

I take

aijsqavnomai, aijsqhvsomai, hj/sqovmhn

I notice, perceive

aijscrov", aijscrav, aijscrovvn

shameful, ugly

aijtevw

I ask, ask for

ai[tio", aijtiva, ai[tion + gen

responsible for, guilty of

aijcmavlwto", aijcmalwvtou, oJ

prisoner (of war)

ajkouvw, ajkouvsomai, h[kousa, hjkouvsqhn

I hear, listen

ajlhqhv", ajlhqhv", ajlhqev"

true

ajllav

but

a[llo", a[llh, a[llo

other, another

ajnav + acc

up

ajnagkavzw, ajnagkavsw, hjnavgkasa,

hjnagkavsqhn

I force, compel

ajnacwrevw

I retreat, withdraw

ajndrei'o", ajndreiva, ajndrei'on

brave

a[nemo", ajnevmou, oJ

wind

a[neu + gen

without

ajnhvr, ajndrov", oJ

man, husband

a[nqrwpo", ajnqrwvpou, oJ

man, person

a[xio", ajxiva, a[xion + gen

worthy of

ajpov + gen

from, away from

ajpoqnhv/skw, ajpoqanou'mai, ajpevqanon

I die, am killed

ajpokrivnomai, ajpokrinou'mai, ajpekrinavmhn

I reply

ajpokteivnw, ajpoktenw', ajpevkteina

I kill

a\ra

[introduces a question]
Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

a[rcw + gen

I rule

a[rcomai + gen

I begin

ajrchv, ajrch'", hJ

beginning, power, empire

ajsqenhv", ajsqenhv", ajsqenev"

weak

ajspiv", ajspivdo", hJ

shield

ajsfalhv", ajsfalhv", ajsfalev"

safe

au\qi"

again

aujtov", aujthv, aujtov

self, himself, herself, itself (emphatic)

oJ aujtov", hJ aujthv, tov aujtov

the same

aujtovn, aujthvn, aujtov

(acc/gen/dat only - also plural)

ajfiknevomai, ajfivxomai, ajfikovmhn

him, her, it, them

I arrive

B
baivnw, bhvsomai, e[bhn

I go

bavllw, balw', e[balon, ejblhvqhn

I throw, fire at, hit (with missile)

bavrbaroi, barbavrwn, oiJ

foreigners, barbarians

basileuv", basilevw", oJ

king

biva, biva", hJ

force, strength

bivo", bivou, oJ

life

blavptw

I harm

boavw

I shout

bohv, boh'", hJ

shout

bohqevw + dat

I help, come to help

boulhv, boulh'", hJ

plan, a council

bouvlomai, boulhvsomai, ejboulhvqhn

I wish

braduv", bradei'a, braduv

slow

G
gavr

for

ge

at any rate, even

gelavw, gelavsomai, ejgevlasa

I laugh

gevrwn, gevronto", oJ

old man

gh', gh'", hJ

land

givgnomai, genhvsomai, ejgenovmhn

I become, happen, occur

gignwvskw, gnwvsomai, e[gnwn, ejgnwvsqhn

I know, realise, understand

glw'ssa, glwvssh", hJ

tongue, language

gravfw

I write, draw

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

gunhv, gunaikov", hJ

woman, wife

D
dakruvw

I cry

dev

but, and

dei', dehvsei, ejdevhse (with acc + infin)

it is necessary

deinov", deinhv, deinovn

terrible, strange, clever

devka

ten

devndron, devndrou, tov

tree

despovth", despovtou, oJ

master

deuvtero", deutevra, deuvteron

second

devcomai, devxomai, ejdexavmhn

I receive

dhv

indeed

diav + acc

because of, on account of

dia; tiv_

why?

diav + gen

through

di ojlivgou

soon

diafqeivrw, diafqerw', dievfqeira, diefqavrhn

I destroy

divkaio", dikaiva, divkaion

just, fair

diovti

because

diwvkw

I chase, pursue

dokei' (moi), dovxei, e[doxe

(I) decide (= it seems good (to me))

dou'lo", douvlou, oJ

slave

duvo, duvo, duvo,

two

dustuchv", dustuchv", dustucev"

unlucky

dw'ron, dwvrou, tov

present, gift

E
ejavn

if

eJautovn, eJauthvn, eJautov (acc/gen/dat only)

himself, herself, itself, themselves

ejgwv, ejmou'

I, (acc. etc. me)

ejmov", ejmhv, ejmovn

my, mine

ejqevlw, ejqelhvsw, hjqevlhsa

I wish, am willing

eij

if

eijdevnai ( cf. oi\da)

to know

eijdwv", eijdui'a, eijdov" ( cf. oi\da)

knowing

eijmiv, e[somai, h\n

I am

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

eijrhvnh, eijrhvnh", hJ

peace

eij" + acc

to, into

eij" tosou'ton

to such an extent

ei|", miva, e{n

one

eijsbavllw

I throw into, invade

ejk or ejx + gen

out of, from

e{kasto", eJkavsth, e{kaston

each

ejkei'

there

ejkei'no", ejkeivnh, ejkei'no

that, those

ejkklhsiva, ejkklhsiva", hJ

assembly, meeting

ejkfeuvgw

I escape

ejleuvqero", ejleuqevra, ejleuvqeron

free

$Ellhn, $Ellhno", oJ

a Greek

ejlpivzw, ejlpiw', h[lpisa

I hope, expect

ejn + dat

in, among

ejnqavde

here

ejnneva

nine

e[noiko", ejnoivkou, oJ

inhabitant

e{x

six

e[xesti(n) (moi)

I am allowed, I can (= it is permitted to

me/possible for me)

ejpeiv

when, since

e[peita

then, afterwards

ejpiv + acc

against, on to, on, at

ejpistolhv, ejpistolh'", hJ

letter

e{pomai, e{yomai, eJspovmhn + dat

I follow

eJptav

seven

e[rgon, e[rgou, tov

work, task, deed, action

e[rcomai, ei\mi, h\lqon

I go, come

ejrwtavw, ejrwthvsw, hjrovmhn (or hjrwvthsa)

I ask (a question)

ejsqivw, (e[domai), e[fagon

I eat

eJspevra, eJspevra", hJ

evening

e[ti

still

e[to", e[tou", tov

year

eu\

well

eujquv"

immediately, at once

euJrivskw, euJrhvsw, hu|ron, huJrevqhn

I find

eujruv", eujrei'a, eujruv

wide

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

eujtuchv", eujtuchv", eujtucev"

lucky, fortunate

ejcqrov", ejcqrav, ejcqrovn

hostile

e[cw (imperfect ei\con), e{xw, e[scon

I have

e{w"

while, until

Z
Zeuv", Diov", oJ

Zeus

zhtevw

I seek

H
h[

or, than

h[ ... h[ ...

either or ...

hJgemwvn, hJgemovno", oJ

guide, leader

h[dh

already, by now

hJduv", hJdei'a, hJduv

pleasant, sweet

hJmei'", hJmw'n

we

hJmevtero", hJmetevra, hJmevteron

our

hJmevra, hJmevra", hJ

day

Q
qavlassa, qalavssh", hJ

sea

qavnato", qanavtou, oJ

death

qavptw, qavyw, e[qaya

I bury

qaumavzw

I am amazed at, admire

qeav, qea'", hJ

goddess

qeov", qeou', oJ

god

qugavthr, qugatrov", hJ

daughter

quvra, quvra", hJ

door

quvw

I sacrifice

I
ijatrov", ijatrou', oJ

doctor

iJerovn, iJerovu, tov

temple

iJerov", iJerav, iJerovn

sacred

i{na + subj or opt

in order that, in order to

i{ppo", i{ppou, oJ

horse

iJppeuv", iJppevw", oJ
ijscurov", ijscurav, ijscurovn
8

cavalryman, in plural (the) cavalry

strong
Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

K
kaqeuvdw

I sleep

kaqivzw, kaqiw', ejkavqisa

I sit

kaiv

and, also, even, too

kaivper + participle

although

kaivw, kauvsw, e[kausa, ejkauvqhn

I burn, set on fire

kakov", kakhv, kakovn

bad, wicked

kalevw, kalw', ejkavlesa, ejklhvqhn

I call

kalov", kalhv, kalovn

beautiful, handsome, fine

katav + acc

according to, by, down, along

kata; gh'n

by land

katav + gen

down

keleuvw

I order

kefalhv, kefalh'", hJ

head

kivnduno", kinduvnou, oJ

danger

klevptw, klevyw, e[kleya, ejklavphn

I steal

kolavzw

I punish

kovptw, kovyw, e[koya

I cut (down)

kruvptw

I hide

ktavomai, kthvsomai, ejkthsavmhn

I obtain, get

kwluvw + infin

I hinder, prevent (someone from doing)

L
lavqra/

in secret, secretly

Lakedaimovnioi, Lakedaimonivwn, oiJ

the Spartans

lambavnw, lhvyomai, e[labon, ejlhvfqhn

I take, capture

levgw, ejrw', ei\pon, ejrrhvqhn

I say, speak, tell

leivpw, leivyw, e[lipon, ejleivfqhn

I leave

limhvn, limevno", oJ

harbour

lovgo", lovgou, oJ

word, speech, argument, story,

account

luvw

I untie, set free

M
mavlista

most, very much, especially

ma'llon

more

manqavnw, maqhvsomai, e[maqon

I learn, understand

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

mavch, mavch", hJ

battle

mavcomai, macou'mai, ejmacesavmhn

I fight

mevga", megavlh, mevga

big, great

mevllw, mellhvsw, ejmellhsa + fut infin

I intend, am going to

... mevn ... dev

[marks a contrast]

mevntoi

however

mevnw, menw', e[meina

I wait, remain

metav + acc

after

metav + gen

with

mhv

not

mhdeiv", mhdemiva, mhdevn

no-one, nothing, no

mhdevpote

never

mhvte ... mhvte ...

neither ... nor ...

mhvthr, mhtrov", hJ

mother

mikrov", mikrav, mikrovn

little

misevw

I hate

movno", movnh, movnon

alone, only

movnon

only

mu'qo", mu'qou, oJ

story

mw'ro", mwvra, mw'ron

foolish, stupid

N
nau'", newv" hJ (irregular)

ship

nauvth", nauvtou, oJ

sailor

nautikovn, nautikou', tov

fleet

neaniva", neanivou, oJ

young man

nekrov", nekrou', oJ

corpse

nevo", neva, nevon

new, young, recent

nh'so", nhvsou, hJ

island

nivkh, nivkh", hJ

victory

nikavw

I win, conquer

nomivzw, nomiw', ejnovmisa

I think, consider

novmo", novmou, oJ

law, custom

novso", novsou, hJ

disease, illness

nu'n

now

nuvx, nuktov", hJ

night

10

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

X
xevno", xevnou, oJ

stranger, foreigner, host, guest

xivfo", xivfou", tov

sword

O
oJ, hJ, tov

the

o{de, h{de, tovde

this

oJdov", oJdou', hJ

road, path, way, journey

oi\da

I know

oijkevw

I live (in), inhabit

oijkiva, oijkiva", hJ

house

oi\no", oi\nou, oJ

wine

oi|ov" t! eijmiv

I am able, can

ojktwv

eight

ojlivgo", ojlivgh, ojlivgon

little

ojlivgoi, ojlivgai, ojlivga

few

o[noma, ojnovmato", tov

name

o{pla, o{plwn, tav

weapons, arms, armour

oJravw, o[yomai, ei\don, w[fqhn

I see

ojrgivzomai, ojrgiou'mai, wjrgivsqhn + dat

I grow angry (with)

o[[ro", o[rou", tov

mountain

o{", h{, o{

who, which

o{ti

that

ouj, oujk, oujc

not

oujdeiv", oujdemiva, oujdevn

no-one, nothing, no

oujdevpote

never

ou[te ... ou[te ...

neither ... nor ...

ou\n

therefore, and so

ou|to", au{th, tou'to

this

ou{tw(")

so, in this way

P
pai'", paidov", oJ and hJ

child, son, daughter, boy, girl

parav + acc

contrary to

parav + gen

from

paraskeuavzw

I prepare

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

11

parevcw

I provide, cause, produce

pa'", pa'sa, pa'n

all, every

pavscw, peivsomai, e[paqon

I suffer, experience

pathvr, patrov", oJ

father

pauvw

I stop

pauovmai (middle)

I stop, cease from (doing something)

peivqomai + dat, peivsomai, ejpiqovmhn

I obey

peivqw

I persuade

peiravomai, peiravsomai

I try

pevmpto", pevmpth, pevmpton

fifth

pevmpw

I send

pevnte

five

periv + acc

round

periv + gen

about, concerning

pivnw, piou'mai, e[pion

I drink

pivptw, pesou'mai, e[peson

I fall

pisteuvw + dat

I trust, believe

pistov", pisthv, pistovn

faithful

plevw, pleuvsomai, e[pleusa

I sail

plhvn + gen

except

plouvsio", plousiva, plouvsion

rich

poievw

I do, make

poi'o", poiva, poi'on_

what sort of?

povlemo", polevmou, oJ

war

polevmioi, polemivwn, oiJ

the enemy

povli", povlew", hJ

city, state

polivth", polivtou, oJ

citizen

poluv", pollhv, poluv

much

polloiv, pollaiv, pollav

many

pollavki"

often

poreuvomai, poreuvsomai, ejporeuvqhn

I travel, march

povso", povsh, povson_

how big? how much?

povsoi, povsai, povsa_

how many?

potamov", potamou', oJ

river

povte_

when?

pou'_

where?

poi'_
12

to where?

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

povqen_

from where?

pouv", podov", oJ

foot

pravssw, pravxw, e[praxa, ejpravcqhn

I do, fare, manage

prov + gen

before, in front of

prov" + acc

to, towards, against

prosbavllw + dat

I attack

provteron

before, formerly

prw'to", prw'th, prw'ton

first

prw'ton

at first, first

puvlh, puvlh", hJ

gate

punqavnomai, peuvsomai, ejpuqovmhn

I learn, ascertain, ask

pu'r, purov", tov

fire

pw'"_

how?

R
rJa/vdio", rJa/diva, rJa/vdion

easy

S
sighv, sigh'", hJ

silence

si'to", sivtou, oJ

food, corn

sofov", sofhv, sofovn

wise

stratiav, stratia'", hJ

army, expedition

strathgov", strathgou', oJ

general, commander

stratiwvth", stratiwvtou, oJ

soldier

suv

you (singular)

sov", shv, sovn

your

sullevgw, sullevxw, sunevlexa

I collect, assemble

suvmmacoi, summavcwn, oiJ

allies

sumforav, sumfora'", hJ

misfortune, disaster

swv/zw, swvsw, e[swsa, ejswvqhn

I save

sw'ma, swvmato", tov

body

T
tacuv", tacei'a, tacuv

fast, quick

tei'co", teivcou", tov

wall

tevlo"

at last

tevssare", tevssare", tevssara

four

tevtarto", tetavrth, tevtarton

fourth

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

13

timavw

I honour, respect

tivmh, timh'", hJ

honour

ti", ti

(a) certain, someone, something

tiv"; tiv;

who? what? which?

toiou'to", toiauvth, toiou'to

such

tosou'to", tosauvth, tosou'to

so great

tosou'toi, tosau'tai, tosau'ta

so many

tovte

then

trei'", trei'", triva

three

trevcw, dramou'mai, e[dramon

I run

trivto", trivth, trivton

third

tuvch, tuvch", hJ

chance, luck, fortune (good or bad)

U
u{dwr, u{dato", tov

water

uiJov", uiJou', oJ

son

u{lh, u{lh", hJ

wood, forest

uJmei'", uJmw'n

you (plural)

uJmevtero", uJmetevra, uJmevteron

your

uJpevr + gen

on behalf of

uJpiscnevomai, uJposchvsomai, uJpescovmhn

I promise

u{pno", u{pnou, oJ

sleep

uJpov + gen

by (with the agent of passive verbs)

u{steron

later

uJyhlov", uJyhlhv, uJyhlovn

high

F
faivnomai, fanou'mai, ejfavnhn

I seem, appear

fevrw, oi[sw, h[negka, hjnevcqhn

I carry, bear, endure

feuvgw, feuvxomai, e[fugon

I run away

fhmiv, fhvsw, e[fhn (imperfect)

I say

filevw

I love, like

fivlo", fivlou, oJ
fobevomai, fobhvsomai, ejfobhvqhn
fovbo", fovbou, oJ

(male) friend
I am afraid, fear
fear

foneuvw

I murder, kill

fulavssw

I guard

fuvlax, fuvlako", oJ
14

guard
Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

fwnhv, fwnh'", hJ

voice

C
calepov", calephv, calepovn
ceimwvn, ceimw'no", oJ

difficult
storm, winter

ceivr, ceirov", hJ
cravomai, crhvsomai, ejcrhsavmhn + dat

hand

crhv (with acc + infin)

crh'mata, crhmavtwn, tav

it is necessary

crovno", crovnou, oJ

time

crusov", cruvsou', oJ

gold

cwvra, cwvra", hJ

country, land

I use

money, goods, property

W
w\

o (addressing someone)

wJ"

when, as, because

wJ" tavcista (or other superlative)

w{ste

OCR 2009
Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations

as quickly (etc) as possible

that, so that, with the result that

Vocabulary List
Unit B402 GCSE Classical Greek

15