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Juan C. Moreno-Marn, Antonio Hernandez
D.F.I.S.T.S.
c) Y ahora es
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Solucin:
t = 0.96 s
t = 3s
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
(a)
v = v0 + at
v = 98 9.8t
t0 = 0
y
=
100
1
1 2
0
2
y = 100 + 98t 9.8t
e = e0 + v0t + at
v = 98
0
2
B
Y
A
98
0 = 98 9.8t t =
= 10s
9.8
100 m
1
y = 100 + 98 10 9.8 102 = 590m
2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
h = 590 m
(b)
100
=
100
+
98
t
9.8t 2
2
2
v0 = 98
t = 0
t ( 98 4.9t ) = 0
t = 20s
B
Y
A
100 m
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
(c)
e = 100
1
1
2
e = e0 + v0t + at 2 0
100
=
100
+
98
t
9.8
t
2
2
v0 = 98
t=
t = 0.97 s
=
t = 20.97 s
B
Y
( hacia abajo )
100 m
v = 107.53 m s
O
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
(d)
El tiempo total es: ttotal = 20.97 s
B
Y
A
100 m
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
(a)
posicin:
Y
1
y = v0t gt 2 ;
2
(t = 1s )
1
1
y1 = v0t1 gt12 = 15 1 10 12 = 10m
2
2
1
1
1
y = v0t gt 2 ; ( t = 4s ) y2 = v0t2 gt2 2 = 15 4 10 42 = 20m
2
2
2
(el signo indica que la piedra est por debajo del origen)
O
velocidad:
v = v0 gt ;
(t = 1s )
v1 = v0 gt1 = 15 10 1 = 5 m s
v = v0 gt ;
( t = 4s )
v2 = v0 gt2 = 15 10 4 = 25 m s
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
eliminando t :
v = v0 gt
v0 v
t
=
1 2
g
y = v0t gt
v v 1 v0 v
y = v0 0
g
2 g
v0 2 v 2
gy =
2
2
v = v0 2 2 gy
( y = 8)
v = 152 2 10 8 = 8.06 m s
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
(c) Cunto tiempo transcurre desde que se lanz hasta que vuelve a
pasar por dicho punto?
Y
h
1
y = v0t gt 2
2
( y = 0)
1
0s
2
15t 10 t = 0 t =
2
3s
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Siendo v =
x0
t0
dx = v dt x x0 = dx = dx = v dt =
t0 4 4t03
t 4 4t 3
= ( t + 4t + 2 ) dt = +
+ 2t
2t0
t0
4
3
4
3
t
t0 4 4t03
t 4 4t 3
x = x0 + +
+ 2t
2t0
4
3
4
3
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
t0 4 4t03
t 4 4t 3
x = x0 + +
+ 2t
2t0
4 3
4
3
Como es t0 = 2s y
t 4 4t 3
24 423
x0 = 4m x ( t ) = 4 + +
+ 2t
22
4
3
4
3
t 4 4t 3
44
x (t ) = +
+ 2t
4
3
3
Por lo tanto es x ( t = 3s ) =
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
81 4 27
44
+
+ 23
= 47.6m
4
3
3
t0 4 4t03
t 4 4t 3
x = x0 + +
+ 2t
2t0
4 3
4
3
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
dx
= 4t 3 + 4t
Siendo vx =
dt
x0
dx = ( 4t 3 + 4t ) dt
t0
x = x0 + t 4 + 2t 2 t0 4 2t0 2
Sustituyendo x0 = 1 cuando t = 0 s
2
x = 1 + t + 2t = (t + 1)
4
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Siendo
dy
vy =
= 4t
dt
y
y0
dy = 4t dt
t0
y = y0 + 2t 2 2t0 2
Sustituyendo y0 = 2 cuando t = 0 s
y = 2 + 2t 2 = 2 (t 2 + 1)
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
y2
y
x = =
4
2
2
y = 2 (t + 1)
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
y2 = 4x
ec. de la trayectoria
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Luego
dx
vx =
= p;
dt
dy
vy =
= pt ;
dt
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
r
r
r
v = pi + pt j
dvx
ax =
= 0;
dt
dv y
ay =
= p;
dt
r
r
a= pj
(b)
r
d v dv
aT =
=
dt
dt
v = vx2 + v y2 = p 1 + t 2
pt
1+ t
a = ax2 + a y2 = 0 + p 2 = p;
2
N
2
T
a = a +a
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
2
T
aN = a a =
p 2t 2
p
=
2
1+ t
2
p
1+ t
(c)
aN =
v2
p
1+ t
; =
p 2 (1 + t 2 )
p
1 + t = p (1 + t
2
3
2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
8.
P
TIERRA P
d
dt
uniforme =
= 2 rad
t
=
1
dia
=
86400
s
2
= 7.27 105 rad / s
86400
E
pero este resultado no es completamente correcto.
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
2
2 +
365 =
=
=
86400
86400
2 +
P
TIERRA P
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
9.
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
2 rad
= 100 rad s
60 s
Y la aceleracin es:
f = 0 t =
0 f
t
100 0
=
= 5 rad s 2
20 s
n=
1000
=
= 500 vueltas
2
2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
1 2
1
= 0 + 0t t = 100 t 5 t 2 = 200 rad
2
2
37.86s
2.5t 100t + 200 = 0 t =
2.14s
2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
v2
2
aN = = 100 2 R = (100 5 2.14 ) 0.1 = 797.5 2 m s 2
R
Y la aceleracin resultante:
10. Un
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
b)
c)
d)
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
e2
e1
B
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
e1 = v t = 3 m s 15s = 45m
26
OC
= tg 1
La distancia OA ser:
d=
O
v
C
30
e2
15
15
=
=
= 30m
sen sen30 1 2
v0
vT
A
B
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
d 30m
v= =
= 2m s
t 15s
De otra forma:
uur
r
v0 = v0 cos i + v0 sen
r
r
v =v j
r
j uur uur r
r
r
i + ( v0 sen + v ) j
vT = v0 + v = v140 cos
2 43
14243
vx
vy
y = ( v0 sen + v ) t
v0 =
x
cos t
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
v = 3m s
x
=
26
m
,
y
=
60
m
t = 15s
y =
sen + v t
cos t
v0 =
x
cos t
y =
sen + v t
cos t
y = x tg + vt tg =
= 30 ; v0 =
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
y vt 60 3 15 15
=
=
x
26
26
x
26
=
= 2m s
cos 30 t cos 30 15
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
v0 = 200 m s ; = 40 ;
Y
v0
O
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
2
y
=
128.6
4.9
t
vY = v0Y gt = 128.6 9.81 t
Despus de t = 20s, la velocidad y la posicin de la bala son:
v X (t = 20) = 153.2 m s ;
r
v = (153.2, 67.4 ) m s
r
r = ( 3064, 612 ) m
b)
Cuando la bala vuelve a tierra, es y=0:
128.6
t=
= 26.24 s
4.9
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
P(15,3.5)
v0
O
3,5 m
=45
1,5 m
5m
15 m
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
1
1
2
2
y
=
v
t
=
v
sen
t
0Y
0
2
2
x = v t = v cos t
0X
0
2
2
3.5
=
v
t
=
v
sen
45
4.9
t
0Y
0
15 = v t = v cos 45 t
0X
0
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
15
v0 cos 45
15 = v0 cos 45 t t =
2205
11.5
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
v0 sen 45 15
15
4.9
v
cos
45
v0 cos 45
0
v0 = 13.8 m s
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
X
v10=v
4y
v20
y
Y
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
x = v10 t = v t
1 x2
4 y = g 2
1
2
2 v
v1 y = g t 4 y = g t
2
x = v20 t
1
x2
y = g 2
1
2
2 v20
v2 y = g t y = g t
2
v10
X
v10=v
4y
v20
y
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Y
Escuela Politcnica - Universidad
de Alicante
1 x2
g 2
4y
= 2 v2
1
x
y
g
2 v20 2
v20 2
4= 2
v
v20 2 = 4v 2
v20 = 2v
v10
X
v10=v
4y
v20
y
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Y
Escuela Politcnica - Universidad
de Alicante
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
v0
A1
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Escuela Politcnica
- Universidad de Alicante
B
720000
v
=
=
200
x
v = 2002 + 2 gh = 2002 + 2 9.8 7840 = 440 m s
3600
v y = 2 gh
Y
O
v0
A1
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
2y
2 7840
t
=
=
= 40s
1
9.8
9.8
y = 9.8 t 2
2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
BA1 AA1 = AB
Y
O
v0
A1
( vsonido = 340 m s )
3402 t 2 2002 t 2 = 78402
t=
B
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
7840
2
340 200
= 28.5s
T = 40 s + 28.5s = 68.5s
Escuela Politcnica - Universidad de Alicante
v0
O
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
X
Escuela Politcnica - Universidad de Alicante
1 2
at
2
1 2
La posicin de la lmpara es: y = v0t gt
2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
t
=
= 0.745 s
10.8
a + g
v0
O
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
X
Escuela Politcnica - Universidad de Alicante
v0
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
g cos
g
v0
(0,0)
Sobre la piedra
acta la
aceleracin de la
gravedad g
R
X
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
( ejeX )
( ejeY )
1
g sen t 2
v X = g sen t
vY = v0 g cos t y = v t 1 g cos t 2
0
2
x=
t=
2
2v0
g cos
2v0
2v0 2 sen
1
x = g sen
=
2
g
cos
g cos 2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
y=0
19.
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
19.
FARO
d
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
Playa
tg =
x = d tg
v=
d ( tg )
d ( tg ) d
dx d ( d tg )
1
d
=
=d
=d
=d
=
dt
dt
dt
d dt
cos 2
cos 2
La aceleracin ser:
dv d d
a=
=
dt dt cos 2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
d (1 cos 2 )
d (1 cos 2 ) d 2 d 2sen
= d
=
= d
dt
d
dt
cos3
20.
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
20.
dv
=v
dt
dv ds
=v
ds dt
dv
v=v
ds
dv
= 1 dv = ds v = s + k , k = cte
ds
ds
= s+k
dt
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
ds
ds
= dt t =
= ln ( s + k ) ln ( c ) , c = cte
s+k
s+k
t + ln ( c ) = ln ( s + k ) ln (c et ) = ln ( s + k ) c et = s + k
v = s + k v = k et
a 2 = aT 2 + aN 2
1= k2 +
k
R2
2
dv v
= +
dt R
R
ec bicuadr k =
2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
dv
= k;
dt
en t = 0 v = k ;
1
4
1 + 2 1
R
R
t
s = s ( t ) = k ( e 1) =
2
Juan C. Moreno-Marn
4
1 + 2 1
R
(e 1)
t