4 Grammar reference

> Imperative

> Adverbs of manner

Affirmative
Speak quietly.

Close your books.

Drive carefully.

Answer the phone, please.

Negative

Adverbs of manner use

Dont open that box.

To describe actions (verbs). She walks

quickly.

Please dont shout.

Imperative use

Remember!

To give orders or commands. Do exercise 5.

We often form adverbs from adjectives.

To make requests. Please clean the board.

careful

carefully

quick

quickly

bad

badly

U
N
IT

Pay attention
Use please to make polite requests.

Spelling changes are sometimes necessary.

Please turn the light on. = Turn the light on,

please.

happily

Some adverbs are irregular.

good

well

fast

fast

M
PL

> Should / shouldnt

Affirmative

happy

You should wait for your turn.

Negative

Questions

SA

You shouldnt interrupt when people are

speaking.

> Can / could

Questions
Can I use your camera?
Could you lend me a pencil?
Short answers

Should I arrive early?

Sure. / Yes, of course.

When you say no, give a reason.
Im sorry. Its broken.
Im sorry. Ive only got one.

Should / shouldnt use

To give advice. You should drink some milk.
You shouldnt skip breakfast.
To ask for advice. Should I bow in Japan?

Can / could use

To ask for permission to do something. Can I
close the window?
To ask someone to do something for you. Can
you close the window?

Extra Practice

M01A_WU_PB_02ARG_1771_M01.indd 14

14

Pearson

05/10/11 16:46

Grammar practice
1 Complete the rules for the first visit to a
friends house. Use the imperative in the
affirmative or negative form.
help
kiss
say
forget
shout
show
smile

1 
to his / her parents when
you say hello.

2 

his / her mother and

his / her fathers hand.

respect to them.

when you speak to them.

5 
lunch.

your mobile while you have

4 The children need a new English book.

5 You cant help your sister with her

homework.

4 Complete the chart with the correct

adjective or adverb of manner.
1

bad

friendly

politely

you like the meal.

rude

them to clear the table.

careful

8 
leave.

to say thank you when you

patiently

U
N
IT

good

5 Complete the sentences with words from

the chart in Exercise 4.

wear a

1 Its very cold. You

sweater.

2 Youve got a cold. You

stay in bed.
You

3 
we arrive at 10:00? The
exam starts at 10:20.

4 You
play video games at
night. Then you cant wake up in the
morning.

M
PL

go out.

SA

5 Children

1 Andrea speaks English very

She passed her exam with A.

2 I enjoy the
atmosphere of
my classroom. We all have a good time
together.

3 Brandon is
shouts in class.

4 Open the box

is a fragile vase in it.

. He can
5 Alfred is very
explain the same thing a hundred times.

2 Fill in the blanks with should / shouldnt.

shake
use

go to bed early.

. He always
because there

3 What should they do? Use phrases from the

box to write sentences.

ask for permission

go to the bookstore
say you are sorry
study hard
take an aspirin

1 Mara has an exam tomorrow.

2 Alejandro wants to go out of the

classroom.

3 I have a headache.

Extra Practice

M01A_WU_PB_02ARG_1771_M01.indd 15

15

Pearson

05/10/11 16:46

4 Grammar practice
6 Albert invited Josh to stay in his house. Josh
is very untidy. Complete the list of things
Josh should / shouldnt do.

9 Put the words in order.

leave drinks out of the fridge.

1 

2 
wash your cup after you
have coffee.

4 
dry the floor after you have
ashower.

5 
floor.

leave your clothes on the

6 
open.

leave the toothpaste tube

7 
shelves.

keep your books on the

leave the sugar pot open.

3 

3 drive me home / you / please / could / ?

4 borrow / your pen / can / I / ?

5 r epeat your question / you / could /

please / ?

a Im sorry. I dont have the key.

b Sure. Where are you from?

c Im sorry. Im on foot today.

d Im sorry. It has no battery.

e Sure. Here you are.

1 He is very intelligent. He finishes the

test
.

2 A
 lex writes very
work is always tidy.

3 There are a lot of people in the queue,

so we have to wait
for our
turn.

4 My neighbour plays the guitar

so I cant sleep.

5 Speak
sleeping.

, so his

, please. The baby is

Extra Practice

11 Fill in the blanks with words from the box.

There are three extra words.

8 Complete the sentences with an adverb.

M01A_WU_PB_02ARG_1771_M01.indd 16

2 you / open / please / the door / could / ?

U
N
IT

M
PL

SA

2 

1 

1 use / I / your mobile / can / ?

10 Match the requests in Exercise 9 with the

following answers.

7 Add three more suggestions for Josh.

16

bowed friendly happily happy never

participated stayed strange strangely
took off uncomfortable wonderful
In 2008, Alex 1_______ in an exchange
programme. He 2_______ with a Japanese
host family. When he arrived at the house,
he 3_______ his shoes because that is a
sign of respect. When they said hello, they
all 4_______. That is the Japanese tradition.
They 5_______ shake hands. It was a bit
6
_______ at the beginning and Alex was
rather 7_______. But now he remembers
all those 8_______ moments he spent with
the Chikamatsu family. They were really
9
_______.

Pearson

05/10/11 16:46

Vocabulary
4 Complete the brochure for the Summer
Language Institute with phrases a-h.

1 Circle the incorrect words. Rewrite the

sentences correctly.

1 Children wave goodbye with their feet.

a be ready to eat whatever they offer

2 You speak loudly when the baby is

sleeping.

b should accept different cultures

3 Friends hug in very formal situations.

c shouldnt be afraid of them

4 You never smile when you are happy.

d should prepare your own meals

5 In Argentina, mothers bow to say

goodbye to their kids.

e shouldnt arrive late

f should help with housework

6 We walk very slowly when we are in

ahurry.

g live comfortably with a family

h should tell them in advance

7 There are many car accidents because

people drive carefully.

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

U
N
IT
E

Living with
a British Family

2 HSMUILEG

3 KSHISASKE

SA

1 WBOAVEW

M
PL

2 Find two verbs in each line.

Summer Language
Institute

3 Use words from Exercise 2 to complete the

sentences. Make the necessary changes.

ltural country, so you

England is a multicu
.
2

different cultures cook their

Families from
.
food.
traditional

work outside their homes, so

Most women
usually have time to cook.
they dont
You 4

They have pets

British people love animals.becaus
e they are
at home. You 5
friendly and dont hurt you.

1 In formal situations, people

hands to say hello.

2 Sumo fighters
start the fight.

3 Magda is very nice. She always

and has good manners.

4 I love when my mom

good night.

eat earlier than in other

British families
and if youre
You

before they

6
countries.
7
not eating with them you

usually have maids, so

British families dont
.
you 8

me

Enjoy your stay!

5 The baby is learning to

goodbye with his little hand.

6 Friends usually
meet after a long time.

when they

Extra Practice

M01A_WU_PB_02ARG_1771_M01.indd 17

Planning to study in England?

1
Here we attach some tips to

17

Pearson

05/10/11 16:46

M01A_WU_PB_02ARG_1771_M01.indd 28

05/10/11 16:46

Reading and Writing

Stress and you

> Read
1 Read the text. According to the author, are these sentences true or false?
1 Stress is healthy.
2 There are many different sources of stress.
3 Eating well can fight stress.
4 Mistakes are useful.

What is stress?
Stress is the bodys reaction to events. Our blood circulates fast and our arms and legs shake nervously.
We have to stop this feeling or we might fall ill.

What causes stress?

IT

School demands and parents expectations. Extracurricular activities are also important sources of stress.
Besides, problems with friends or dating failure can make us react stressfully. Family problems such as
divorce or the death of a family member add to this feeling.

U
N

How can we fight stress?

PL
E

A good way to face this process could be to keep a healthy diet, eat regularly and take time to eat
calmly. To avoid behaving anxiously, we could learn how to breathe deeply and think positively. Also,
practicing a hobby can be relaxing. And saying what we want or need politely can be really helpful.
Learning that changes are a natural part of life, that mistakes help us to do things well in the future
and that friends are always next to us when we need them is a good way to live comfortably.
Believing in our potential and following our instinct can help us enjoy life and live healthily.
4 Complete the pieces of advice from the text
with should / shouldnt.

2 eat
3 breathe

1 We

SA

1 shake

2 Find adverbs in the text modifying the

following actions:

2 Parents
have too many
expectations about their kids.

4 say things
5 live
3 Complete the orders with the corresponding
verbs in the affirmative or negative form.
1

activities.

positively.

a hobby.

good friends.

3 We

eat fast.

4 We

behave anxiously.

5 We

believe in our potential.

> Write

many extracurricular

stop stress.

5 Write a brochure welcoming a foreign

exchange student to your school.
Describe the place: where it is, what it is
like.
Describe what students and teachers do
there.
Give some tips about the things they
should / shouldnt do at school / in your
town.

Extra Practice

Pearson