Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Foreword
The time that hunting for food accounted for a large
part of our daily activity is now far behind us. The role
of food in Dutch lives has also changed significantly
in the period 19502012. While many older people
still remember times of food shortage, todays
supermarkets, specialist food shops and market stalls
sell an unprecedented range of products. At the same
time, partly as a result of increasing affluence, food
accounts for a smaller and smaller part of household
spending.
This book presents a number of important facts and
trends in diet and health in the Netherlands. Although
it focuses on developments in recent years, it also looks
further back in time. The books starts by addressing
foodstuffs produced domestically. Dutch farmers and
fruit and vegetable growers are producing more and
more food on smaller and smaller areas of land. Part
of what they produce is sold abroad: in particular fruit,
vegetables, meat and dairy products. At the same time,
the Netherlands also imports a lot of food products,
mostly from countries within the European Union,
although non-EU countries such as Brazil and Russia
are becoming increasingly significant suppliers.
The book also presents an overview of where Dutch
consumers buy their food. Three-quarters of money
spent on fresh fruit, vegetables and potatoes now ends
Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13
19
25
31
37
References
43
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011*
Labour force
Production value
* provisional figure.
8 Statistics Netherlands
Potatoes (kg)
Vegetables (kg)
Eggs (number)
Milk (litres)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
410
70
2,337
1,858
522
139
Labour force
(1,000 fte)
70
340
6
27
1950
2011
3
Exports
14 Statistics Netherlands
6
Imports
12
15
bln
blneuro
euro
Italy
Italy
United
UnitedKingdom
Kingdom
France
France
Brazil
Brazil
Belgium
Belgium
France
France
United
UnitedKingdom
Kingdom
Belgium
Belgium
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
00
22
2011
2011
44
66
2000
2000
88
1010
1212
00
11
2011
2011
22
33
44
55
66
2000
2000
500
kg per inhabitant
400
300
200
100
0
Vegetables
1950
16 Statistics Netherlands
Fruit
2011
Potatoes
Pork
Cheese
Beef
73
1.46
9.30
Export volume
(million kg)
2,900
Export value
(million euro)
70
726
Export volume per inhabitant
(kg)
1950
45
1.06
3.95
2011
2002
Meat
2010
Supermarket
Source: HBD.
20 Statistics Netherlands
2002
2010
Fruit, vegetables
and potatoes
Specialist shop
2002
2010
Cheese and eggs
Market/street trader
Other
2012*
2000
* provisional figure.
Food for thought 21
22 Statistics Netherlands
Diversification
Todays hypermarkets with their vast range of products
are a world away from the grocers shops of the past.
Grocers started out selling dry goods, such as coffee,
tea and herbs. Shoppers went to the greengrocers to
buy potatoes and to the dairy shop for milk.
Statistics Netherlands now counts the number of retail
outlets on the basis of registers, such as the general
register of companies and the trade register. It used to
count the number of shops by hand.
In January 1941 a manual count of the number of
grocers shops was conducted in The Hague. This turned
out to be more difficult than expected, as shopkeepers
were already diversifying: they were expanding their
merchandise with goods not originally found in their
Food prices
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
2000
2001
2002
Average prices
26 Statistics Netherlands
2003
Food prices
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
140
2005 = 100
130
120
110
100
90
80
2005
2006
Cost price
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Consumer price
2 slices of bread, 1 currant bun, 1 portion of cheese, 1 portion of luncheon meat, 1 banana,
3 portions of margarine and 200 ml of milk
2000
0.13
= 1.07
0.25
0.21
0.19
0.15
2011
0.13
28 Statistics Netherlands
0.04
0.10
= 1.27
0.28
0.28
0.23
0.17
0.05
0.13
Changing diet
The Dutch diet has changed significantly in recent
decades. Increased affluence has played a large part in
this: people are now in a position to by more and better
quality food. At the same time, the supply of food
has increased substantially as a result of increased
agricultural production and developments in the food
industry.
Income group
Size of household
4 persons
3 persons
2 persons
1 person
4th 25%-group
3rd 25%-group
2nd 25%-group
1st 25%-group
32 Statistics Netherlands
8%
2%
10%
14%
19%
21%
25%
% of GDP
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
34 Statistics Netherlands
35%
24%
Well-to-do
Upper middle class
Lower middle class
Least well-to-do
Source: Productschap Aardappelen.
27%
4-19 yrs
20-29 yrs
30-39 yrs
40-49 yrs
50-54 yrs
55-64 yrs
65-74 yrs
75 yrs and older
Women
4-19 yrs
20-29 yrs
30-39 yrs
40-49 yrs
50-54 yrs
55-64 yrs
65-74 yrs
75 yrs and older
10
Overweight
38 Statistics Netherlands
20
30
Obese
40
50
60
70
%
Number of overweight adults (20 years and older) per 100 persons
1981
1991
2001
2011
40 Statistics Netherlands
181
164
Vegetables
Cheese
14
49
356
233
Meat
Potatoes
48
116
Per capita consumption of potatoes, vegetables, meat and cheese (grams per day)
1950
Beginning of
21st century
Food for thought 41
References
Bakker, K. (2008, 16 October). Food accounts for less
and less of household spending. Statistics Netherlands
Web magazine.
Bie, R.J. van der (2001). De gekluisde maaltijd. Index.
feiten en cijfers over de samenleving, vol. 8, no. 3,
p. 2425.
Hoofdbedrijfschap Detailhandel: www.hbd.nl.
Kuypers, I. (2002). In de schaduw van de grote oorlog.
De Nederlandse arbeidersbeweging en de overheid,
19141920, Amsterdam.
LEI, (Wageningen University & Reaearch centre) and
Statistics Netherlands, Land en tuinbouwcijfers 2012.
National Institute of Public Health and the
Environment (RIVM), National Public Health Compass
www.nationaalkompas.nl/algemeen/menu-rechts/
english/.
Photos
Cover
p. 6
p. 12
p. 18
p. 24
p. 30
p. 36
Hollandse Hoogte,
Hoogteyling
Hollandse Hoogte,
Hoogteyling
Hollandse Hoogte,
Pennarts
Shutterstock,
Corepics
Nationale Beeldbank,
Morijn
Nationale Beeldbank,
Guido Koppes Fotografie
Nationale Beeldbank,
Tineke Jongewaard
Publisher
Statistics Netherlands
Henri Faasdreef 312
2492 JP The Hague
Authors
Ronald van der Bie
Brigitte Hermans
Cor Pierik
Lieke Stroucken
Elma Wobma
Translation
Lieneke Hoeksma
Design and DTP
Statistics Netherlands
Delta3
Printed by
Tuijtel, Hardinxveld-Giessendam
Cover
Delta3, The Hague
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Price: 3.00
ISBN: 978-90-357-2072-5
Print run: 900 copies
Statistics Netherlands,
The Hague/Heerlen, 2012.
Reproduction is permitted,
provided Statistics Netherlands
is quoted as the source.