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which damage the body over time) and indirectly via a person's own behavior
choices which can harm or protect health (such as smoking or taking
exercise.
Industrial and organisational psychology (also known as I-O psychology or
work psychology) is the scientific study of employees, workplaces, and
organizations. Industrial and organizational psychologists contribute to an
organization's success by improving the performance, satisfaction, and well-being of
its employees. An I-O psychologist conducts research on employee behaviors and
attitudes, and how these can be improved through hiring practices, training
programs, feedback, and management systems.
International or global psychology is an emerging branch of psychology that
focuses on the worldwide enterprise of psychology in terms of communication and
networking, cross-cultural comparison, scholarship, practice, and pedagogy. Often,
the terms international psychology, global psychology, and cross-cultural
psychology are used interchangeably, but their purposes are subtly and importantly
different: Global means worldwide, international means across and between
nations, cross-cultural means across cultures. In contrast, the term multicultural is
more often used to refer to ethnic and other cultural differences existing within a
given nation rather than to global or international comparisons. This entry focuses
predominantly on international psychology.
Music psychology, or the psychology of music, may be regarded as a branch of
psychology or a branch of musicology. It aims to explain and understand musical
behavior and musical experience. Modern music psychology is mainly empirical:
music-psychological knowledge tends to advance primarily on the basis of
interpretations of data about musical behavior and experience, which are collected
by systematic observation of and interaction with human participants. Music
psychology is a field of research with practical relevance for music performance,
music composition, music education, music medicine, and music therapy.
Neuropsychology studies the structure and function of the brain as they relate to
specific psychological processes and behaviors. It is seen as a clinical and
experimental field of psychology that aims to study, assess, understand and treat
behaviors directly related to brain functioning. The term neuropsychology has been
applied to lesion studies in humans and animals. It has also been applied to efforts
to record electrical activity from individual cells (or groups of cells) in higher
primates (including some studies of human patients).[1] It is scientific in its
approach, making use of neuroscience, and shares an information processing view
of the mind with cognitive psychology and cognitive science.
Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its
individual differences. Its areas of focus include:
Construction of a coherent picture of the individual and his or her major
psychological processes
Investigation of individual differences
Investigation of human nature and human's similarities