References

Aqui, Y. M. (2005). Characteristics of the Online Learner: Experiences, Participation Level, and
Achievement Meeting of the National Educational Computing 2005 Citeseer
www.iste.org/Content/.../Research/.../Aqui-Yvette-NECC05.pdf
Arbaugh, J. B., & Duray, R. (2002). Technological and structural characteristics, student learning and
satisfaction with Web-based courses: An exploratory study of two online MBA programs. Management
Learning, 33(3), 331-347.
Baker G. A., Roueche, J. E., & Gillett-Karam, R. (1990). Teaching as leading: Profiles of excellence in
the open-door college. Washington, D. C.: Community College Press.

Bass,B.M. (1961). Some observations about a general theory of leadership and interpersonal behaviour. In
L. Petrulla & B.M. Bass (Eds.) Leadership and interpersonal behaviour. (5-6). New York:Holt, Rinehart,
and Winston.

Bijandi, M., Bin Hassan, A., Bin Sulaiman, T. and Bin Baki, R. (2012). Impact of Differences between
Management and Leadership Skills on Effectiveness in Higher Education Institutions. International
Conference on Education and Management Innovation IPEDR, [online] 30, pp.73-74. Available at:
http://www.ipedr.com/vol30/15-ICEMI%202012-M00023.pdf [Accessed 12 Feb. 2014].
Blase, J. R., & Blase, J. (1998). Handbook of instructional leadership: How really good principals
promote teaching and learning. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Corwin Press, 1998.
Bolman, L.G., & Deal, T.E. (1991). Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. San
Francisco: Josey-Bass Publishers
Bryman, A. (1993) Charisma and leadership in organizations. London: Sage Publications.
Campbell, R.F., Corbally, J.E., & Ramseyer, J.A. (1966). Introduction to educational administration. (3rd
ed.) Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Carlson, R.V. (1996). Reframing and reform. New York: Longman.
Collens, L. (1993, April). The future of engineering and science education: The confidence and courage to
be different. Vital Speeches, pp. 368-372.
Collis, J. and Hussey R., 2003. Business Research: A Practical Guide for Undergraduates and
Postgraduate Students.2nd ed. Palgrave-MacMillan: New York
Deluga, R.J. (1995). Relationship of transformational and transactional leadership with employee
influencing strategies. Leaders and the leadership process: Readings, self-assessments and applications.
IL: Austin Press.

Derrick, M. G. (2003, Winter). Creating Environments Conducive for Lifelong Learning. New Directions
for Adult and Continuing Education, 100(5-18).
Gadbois, L. (1989, April). Special Classes for Student Motivation: New Information. Prospectives, 67-72.
Gallogly, J. (2005). Relationship Of Student Satisfaction Levels In Distance Learning And Traditional
Classroom Environments At Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. M.A.S. e Department of Educational
Research, Technology, and Leadership in the College of Education at the University of Central Florida.
Gibson, C. C. (1998). The distance learners academic self-concept. In Distance learners in higher
education: Institutional responses for quality outcomes, ed. C. Gibson, 65-76. Madison, WI: Atwood.

Gouldner, A.W. (1995). Studies in leadership. New York: Russell & Russell.
Greene, B., & Meek, A. (1998). Distance education in higher education institutions: Incidence,
audiences, and plans to expand. Issue brief. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.
Greene, D. (1993, December 23). Westchester Q&A: Dr. Frank B. McCluskey; with a computer courses
come to you. The New York Times, p.3.
Holborn, M. & Langley, P. (2002). Sociology: Themes and Perspectives. London: Harper-Collins.
Hoy, W.K., & Miskel, C.G. (1991). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice. (4th ed.)
New York: McGraw Hill.

http://www.ehow.com/info_8510881_characteristics-effective-instructional-leader.html#ixzz32Tfd7xQo
http://www.uow.edu.au/cedir/DistributiveLeadership/docs/Lit_Sum_for_Leaders&Leadership.pdf
Imel, S., Ross-Gordon, J. M., & Isaac, E. P. 1. (2012). Expanding the boundaries of adult religious
education: Strategies, techniques, and partnerships for the new millennium. San Francisco: San Francisco
: Jossey-Bass, c2012.
Jaques, E. and Clement, S. (1994). Executive leadership. 1st ed. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell.
Karsenti, T. (1998). Student Motivation and Distance Education on the Web: Love at First Sight?
Unpublished doctorial thesis presented to the University of Quebec, Montral.
Keegan, D. (1986). Interaction and communication. The foundations of distance education. Kent,UK.:
Croom Helm.
King, D. (2002, May). The changing shape of leadership. Educational Leadership, 59(8), 61-63.
Lawrence, G. D. (1984). A synthesis of learning style research involving the MBTI. Journal of
Psychological Type, 8, 2-15.

Leithwood, K. & Jantzi, D. (2000). The effects of transformational leadership on organizational

conditions and student engagement with school, Journal of Educational Administration, 38, 2, pp.112-129
Lewis, C., & Hedegaard, T. (1993, April). Online Education: Issues and Some Answers. The Higher
Education Journal, pp. 68-71.
Locke, E. A. & Latham, G. P. (1990). A theory of goal setting and task performance. Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Prentice Hall.

Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper & Brothers
McCall, M.W. Jr. and Lombardo, M.M. (1983). Off the track: Why and how successful executives get
derailed. Greenboro, NC: Centre for Creative Leadership
Miles, L. (2001, February 1). Marketers warm to electronic learning. Marketing (UK).
Mros, M. (1990). A Description of the Causal Attributions Made to Perceived Teaching Behavior Across
Three Elementary Physical Education Contexts. Doctoral Thesis.

OMalley, J. (1999, Winter). Students Perceptions of Distance Learning, Online Learning and the
Traditional Classroom. State University of West Georgia.
Quinn, R. (2011). Becoming a master manager. 1st ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Sarasin, L. C. (1999). Learning style perspectives: Impact in the classroom. Madison, WI: Atwood.
Sergiovanni, T. J., & Starratt, R. J. (1988). Supervision: Human perspectives. New York: New York :
McGraw-Hill, 1988.
Slater, R.O (1995). The sociology of leadership and educational administration. Educational
Administration Quarterly, 31(3), pp,449+. Retrieved March 22, 2002 from EBSCO database on the World
Wide Web: http//www.ebsco.com
Smith, M. J. (1984). Contingency rules theory, context, and compliance behaviors. Human
Communication Research,10, 489-512.
Smith, L. J. (2001). Content and delivery: A comparison and contrast of electronic and traditional MBA
marketing planning courses. Journal of Marketing Education, 23, (1), 35
Tauber, R. (1998). Good or Bad, What Teachers Expect from Students They Generally Get!" ERIC
Digest. 1-4.
Tead, O. (1935). The art of leadership. New York: McGraw Hill
Tinto, V. (1975). Tinto's Model. Distance Education, 7, 201-213.

U.S. Census Bureau. (2002). Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2000. Section 4, Education,
Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Educational Statistics (1998). Distance Education at
Postsecondary Institutions 1997-1998.
Vroom, V.H. and Yetton, P.W. (1973). Leadership and decision-making. Pittsburg: University of Pittsburg
Press
Walker, S. (2002). Evaluation, Description and Effects of Distance Education Learning Environments in
Higher Education. Paper presented at the 9th Annual International Distance Education Conference,
Austin, Tex., January 22-25.