Outline for Civil Law Review II

3rd

Trimester, AY 2014-2015

OBLIGATIONS and CONTRACTS

PART I - OBLIGATIONS
I. General Provisions
A. Definition, NCC 1156
B. Sources, NCC 1157
MetroBank v. Rosales, G.R. No. 183204, January 13, 2014
1. Law, NCC 1158
2. Contract, NCC 1159
PSBA v CA, G.R. No. 84698, February 4, 1992
Cruz v Gruspe, G.R. No. 191431, March 13,2013
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific, G.R. No. 200602,
December 11, 2013
3. Quasi-Contract, NCC 1160
Locsin II v. Mekeni Food Corporation, G.R. No. 192105,
December 9, 2013
4. Delict, NCC 1161
5. Quasi-Delict, NCC 1162
Barredo v Garcia, 73 Phil. 607 (1942)
Gutierrez v Gutierrez, G.R. No. 34840, September 23, 1931
Llana v. Biong, G.R. No. 182356, December 4, 2013

II. Nature and Effects of Obligations

A. Kinds of Prestations
1. To give, NCC 1163-1166
a. Rules regarding improvement, loss, or deterioration
NCC 1189, 1190, 1194, 566-571
2. To do, NCC 1167
Chavez v Gonzales, 32 SCRA 547
Tanguilig v CA, 266 SCRA 78 (1997)
3. Not to do, NCC 1168
B. Irregularity in Performance
1. Attributable to Debtor, NCC 1170
a. Fraud (dolo), NCC 1170, 1171, cf. NCC 1338
Woodhouse v Halili, 93 Phil 526 (1953)
Geraldez v CA, 230 SCRA 329 (1994)
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390,
March 17, 2014
Effects of Fraud
i. Specific Performance, NCC 1233
(1) Specific/determinate thing, NCC 1244,
1170, 1165 (1), 1177
(2) Generic thing, NCC 1246
(3) Preserve, NCC 1163
(4) Deliver all its accessions, NCC 1166,
1164
(5) Interest, NCC 1176
(6) Deliver all its accessories, NCC 1166
(7) Analogous circumstances
2

Surviving Heirs versus Lindo, et al., G.R. No. 208232,

March 10, 2014
ii. Substituted performance, NCC 1165(2), 1167
iii. Rescission, NCC 1191-1192, 1786, 1788,
1484-1486, RA 6552
Boysaw v Interphil Promotions, 148 SCRA 364
(1987)
U.P. v De los Angeles, 35 SCRA 365 (1970)
Vda. de Mistica v Sps. Naguiat, 418 SCRA 72
(2003)
Fil-Estate v Vertex, G.R. No. 202079, June 10, 2013
iv. Damages, NCC 1170
(1) Unilateral obligations, NCC 1171
(2) Reciprocal obligations, NCC 1192
b. Negligence (culpa), NCC 1173, 1172
Effects of Negligence, NCC 1170, 2201, 2202, 1233, 1191
Gutierrez v Gutierrez, 56 Phil 177 (1932)
Vasquez v Borja, 74 Phil 560 (1944)
Federal Builders v Foundation Specialists,
G.R. No. 194507, September 8, 2014
c. Delay (mora), NCC 1169
SSS v Moonwalk, G.R. No. 73345, April 7, 1993
Kinds of delay
i. mora solvendi, NCC 1169
Abella v Gonzaga, 55 Phil 447 (1931)
Foundation v Santos, G.R. No. 153004, Nov. 4, 2004
Vasquez v Ayala Corp., G.R. No. 149734, Nov. 19, 2004
3

Agner v BPI, G.R. No. 182963, June 3, 2013

ii. mora accipiendi
Vda. de Villaruel v Manila Motor Co.,
104 Phil 926 (1958)
Tengco v CA, G.R. No. 49852, October 19, 1989
iii. compensatio morae
Central Bank v CA, 139 SCRA 46 (1985)
2. Not Attributable to the Debtor
a. Fortuitous event, NCC 1174, 1221, 1165(3)
Nakpil v CA, L-47851, October 3, 1986
Fil-Estate v Ronquillo, G.R. No. 185789,
January 13, 2014
3. Other Provisions, NCC 1175, 1957, 1413, 1961, 1176
4. Remedies of creditors
a. Levy and execution, NCC 1177, 2236
b. Accion Subrogatoria, NCC 1177, 772
c. Accion Pauliana, NCC 1177, 1380-1389
Khe Hong Cheng v CA, 355 SCRA 701 (2001)
Siguan v Lim, 318 SCRA 725 (1999)
d. Accion Directa, NCC 1652, 1729, 1608, 1893
C. Transmissibility, NCC 1178

III. KINDS OF OBLIGATIONS

A. According to Demandability, NCC 1179-1192
1. Pure obligations
2. Conditional obligations
Gaite v Fonacier, 2 SCRA 830 (1961)
Gonzales v Heirs of Thomas, 314 SCRA 585
(1999)
Types of Conditions
a. As to effect on obligationi. Suspensive (condition precedent)
Gonzales v Heirs of Thomas, supra
Coronel v CA, 253 SCRA 15 (1996)
ii. Resolutory (condition subsequent)
Parks v Prov of Tarlac, 49 Phil 142 (1926)
Central Philippines v CA, 246 SCRA 511 (1995)
Quijada v CA, 299 SCRA 695 (1998)
b. As to cause or origini. Potestative
Lim v CA, 191 SCRA 156 (1990)
Silos v PNB, G.R. No. 181045, July 2, 2014
(ii) Casual
Naga Telephone v CA, 230 SCRA 351 (1994)

(iii) Mixed
Osmena v Rama, 14 Phil 99 (1909)
Smith Bell v Sotelo Matti, 44 Phil 875 (1922)
Rustan Pulp v IAC, 214 SCRA 665 (1992)
Romero v CA, 250 SCRA 223 (1995)
(c) As to possibility - Possible and Impossible
Roman Catholic Archbishop v CA, 198 SCRA 100(1991)
(d) As to mode - Positive and Negative
(e) As to expression - Express and Implied
(3) Obligations with a term, NCC 1193-1198
Types of Period/Term
(a) As to effect on obligation - Suspensive (ex die) and
Resolutory (in diem)
(b) As to source - Legal, Voluntary, and Judicial, NCC 1197,
1191, 1687 (2,3,4 sentences), 1180
Araneta v Phil Sugar Estate, 20 SCRA 330 (1967)
Central Philippines v CA, supra
(c) As to expression - Express and Implied
(d) As to definiteness - Definite and Indefinite
(e) OriginalPeriod and Grace Period
B. According to Plurality of Object, NCC 1199-1206
1. Alternative Obligations, NCC 1199-1206
(a) Kinds
6

(i) Simple alternative, NCC 1199

(ii) Facultative, NCC 1206
(b) Right to choose
(i) In general, NCC 1200-1201, 1205
(ii) Loss of right, NCC 1200, 1202-1203
(c) Loss/Impossibility
(i) Liability for loss of thing/impossibility of
performance, NCC 1205
(ii) Creditors right to indemnity for damages,
NCC 1204
C. According to Plurality of Subjects, NCC 1207-1222
1. Single
2. Joint
(a) General rule, NCC 1207
(b) Presumption, NCC 1208
(c) Indivisibility, NCC 1209
3. Solidary
(a) When solidary, NCC 1207
(b) Kinds
Lafarge Cement v Continental Cement, 443 SCRA
522 (2004)
D. According to Performance, NCC 1223-1225
1. Divisible
2. Indivisible
E. According to Sanction for Breach, NCC 1226-1230
7

Rivelisa Realty v. First Sta. Clara Builders, G.R. No. 189618, January
15, 2014
1. Obligations with a Penal Clause, NCC 2226-2228
Lambert v Fox, G.R. No. L-7991, January 29, 1914
SSS v Moonwalk, supra
Robes-Francisco v CFI, G.R. No. L-41093, October 30, 1978
2. Characteristics of penal clause
(a) Subsidiary or alternative, NCC 1227
(b) Exclusive, NCC 1226
III. Extinguishment of Obligations, NCC 1231
Metro Concast Steel Corp., et al. v. Allied Bank Corporation, G.R.
No. 177921, December 4, 2013
Arco Pulp v Lim, G.R. No. 206806, June 25, 2014
A. Payment or performance, NCC 1232-1251
1. As to prestation
(a) Identity
Exceptions:
(i) Dacion en pago, NCC 1245
PNB v Dee, G.R. No. 182128, February 19, 2014
(ii) Novation
Magbanua v Uy, G.R. No. 161003, May 6, 2005
Phil. Charter v Petroleum, G.R. No. 180898,
April 18, 2012
8

ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific Technologies Co.,

Ltd., G.R. No. 200602, December 11, 2013
Arco Pulp v Lim, June 2014
(b) Integrity, NCC 1233, cf. 1234, 1235, 1254(2)
(c) Indivisibility, cf. NCC 1248, 1225(2), 1248, 1208, 1211,
1290, 1720, 2065
(2) As to parties
(a) Payor, Obligor, Debtor
Effect if Third Person, NCC 1236-1238, 1427
(b) Payee, Obligee, Creditor, NCC 1240, 1626
Effect if Third Person, NCC 1241-1242
(3) As to time and place of performance, NCC 1251, 1169
PCIB v Franco, G.R. No. 180069, March 5, 2014
NOTE: Special forms of payment

(1) Dacion en pago, NCC 1245

Filinvest v Philippine Acetylene, 111 SCRA 421 (1982)
Tan Shuy v Sps Maulawin, G.R. No. 190375, February 2012
(2) Application of payments, NCC 1252-1254
Reparations Commission v Universal Deep Sea Fishing,
83 SCRA 764 (1978)
Paculdo v Regalado, 345 SCRA 134 (2000)
(3) Cession, NCC 1255
(4) Tender of payment and consignation, NCC 1256-1261
Meat Packing Corp. v Sandiganbayan, 359 SCRA 409 (2001)
9

Sps. Cacyurin v AFPMB, G.R. No. 171298, April 15, 2013

Bonrostro v Juan, G.R. No. 172346, July 24, 2013
Del Carmen v Sabordo, G.R. No. 181723, Aug. 11, 2014
B. Loss of Thing Due, NCC 1262-1269
1. Impossibility of Performance
(a) Original
(b) Supervening
C. Condonation or remission of the debt, NCC 1270-1274
Yam v CA, G.R. No. 104726, February 11, 1999
D. Confusion or merger of rights of the creditor, NCC 1275-1277
E. Compensation, NCC 1278-1290
Gan Tion v CA, 28 SCRA 235 (1969)
Mirasol v CA, 351 SCRA 44 (2001)
Montemayor v Millora, G.R. No. 168251, July 27, 2011
Union Bank v DBP, G.R. No. 191555, January 20, 2014
First United v. Bayanihan, G.R. No. 164985, January 15, 2014.
F. Novation, NCC 1291 1304
1. Subjective or Personal
Starbright Sales v Philippine Realty Corporation, G.R. No. 177936,
January 18, 2012
S.C. Megaworld Construction vs. Engr. Luis U. Parada,
G.R. No. 183804, September 11, 2013
Magbanua v Uy, G.R. No. 161003, May 6, 2005
Phil. Charter v Petroleum, G.R. No. 180898, April 18, 2012
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific Technologies Co., Ltd.,
G.R. No. 200602, December 11, 2013
Arco Pulp v Lim, June 2014
2. Objective or real
10

3. Mixed
G. Invalid payment, NCC 1243
H. Annulment
I. Rescission
J. Fulfillment of a Resolutory Condition
K. Prescription
L. Death in certain Instances
M. Renunciation by the creditor, NCC 6
N. Compromise
O. Arrival of a Resolutory Term
P. Mutual Desistance
Saura v DBP, April 27, 1972
Q. Unilateral Withdrawal
R. Change of Civil Status
S. Rebus Sic Stantibus, NCC 1267
Naga TelCO v CA, G.R. No. 107112, February 24, 1994
PNCC v CA, G.R. No. 116896, May 5, 1997
Osmena v SSS, G.R. No. 165272, September 13, 2007
So v FoodFest, G.R. No. 183268, April 7, 2010
T. Want of Interest
U. Judicial Insolvency

Part II - CONTRACTS
I. General Provisions
A. Definition, NCC 1305
Heirs of Intac v CA, G.R. No. 17321, October 11, 2012
MIAA v Avia, G.R. No. 180168, February 27, 2012
Heirs of Uy v Castillo, G.R. No. 176425, June 5, 2013
B. Characteristics
11

1. Obligatory force, NCC 1315, 1314

R.S. Tomas, Inc. v Rizal, G.R. No. 173155, March 21, 2012
2. Mutuality, NCC 1308-1310
PNB v Manalo, G.R. No. 174433, February 24, 2014
Silos v PNB, G.R. No. 181045, July 2, 2014
3. Relativity, NCC 1311
PNB v. Dee, et al., G.R. No. 182128, February 19, 2014
Exceptions:
(a) Accion Pauliana
(b) Accion Directa
(c) Article 1312
(d) Stipulation pour autrui, NCC 1311(2)
4. Autonomy of will, NCC 1306
Malbarosa v CA, G.R. No. 125761, 2003
Capalla v COMELEC, G.R. No. 201112, June 2012
(concurring of J. Sereno)
C. Elements of a Contract
1. Essential, NCC 1318
(a) Consent of the contracting parties, NCC 1319
(b) Offer, NCC 1321, 1323-1326
(c) Acceptance, NCC 1320, 1322, 1319
Rosenstock v Burke, 46 Phil 217 (1924)
Sanchez v Rigos, 45 SCRA 368 (1972)
Capalla v COMELEC, G.R. No. 201112, June 2012
(concurring of J. Sereno)
Malbarosa v CA, 402 SCRA 108 (2003)
Traders Royal Bank v Cuison, June 5, 2009
12

(d) Object, NCC 1347 1349

Blas v Santos, 1 SCRA 899 (1961)
Tanedo v CA, 252 SCRA 80 (1996)
(e) Cause, NCC 1350 1355
Liguez v CA, 102 Phil 577 (1957)
Carantes v CA, 76 SCRA 524 (1977)
Sps. Buenaventura v CA, 416 SCRA 263 (2003)
NOTE: Natural Elements

(1) Right to resolve, NCC 1191

(2) Warranties in sales contracts
D. Stages of a Contract, NCC 1315, 1316
E. Classification of Contracts
1. According to degree of dependence
(a) Preparatory
(b) Principal
(c) Accessory
2. According to perfection
(a) Consensual
(b) Real

3. According to form
(a) Common or informal
(b) Special or formal
13

4. According to purpose
(a) Transfer of ownership
(b) Conveyance of use
(c) Rendition of service
5. According to subject matter
(a) Things
(b) Services
6. According to the nature of the obligation
(a) Bilateral
(b) Unilateral
7. According to cause
(a) Onerous
(b) Gratuitous
8. According to risk
(a) Commutative
(b) Aleatory
9. According to name
(a) Nominate
(b) Innominate, NCC 1307
Tinsay v. Yusay, 47 Phil. 639 (1925)
Dizon v Gaborro, 83 SCRA 688 (1978)
II. Form of Contracts, NCC 1356-1358
Hernaez v de Los Angeles, 27 SCRA 1276 (1969)
Zamora v Miranda, G.R. No. 162930, Dec. 5, 2012
14

A. For validity
B. For enforceability
C. For registrability
III. Reformation of Instruments, NCC 1359-1369
Garcia v Bisaya, 97 Phil 609 (1955)
Bentir v Leande, 330 SCRA 591 (2000)
Sarming v Dy, 383 SCRA 131 (2002)
IV. Interpretation of Contracts, NCC 1370 1379, Rule 130,
Secs. 10-19, Rules of Court
V. Defective Contracts
A. Rescissible Contracts, NCC 1380-1389
Oria v McMicking, 21 Phil 243 (1912)
Siguan v Lim, 318 SCRA 725 (1999)
Velarde v CA, 361 SCRA 56 (2001)
Miguel v Montanez, G.R. No. 191336, January 25, 2012
Ada v Baylon, G .R. No. 182435, August 13, 2012
B. Voidable Contracts, NCC 1390 1402
Caldwallader v Smith, Bell, 7 Phil 461 (1907)
PNB v Phil. Vegetable, G.R. No. L-25400, January 14, 1927
Singsong v Isabela Sawmill, 88 SCRA 623 (1979)
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390, March 17, 2014
Ratification, NCC 1392-1396
Uy Soo Lim v Tan Unchuan, 38 Phil 552 (1918)
Viloria v CAI, G.R. No. 188288, January 16, 2012
ECE Realty v Mandap, G.R. No. 196182, September 1, 2014
1. Incapable of giving consent, NCC 1327
2. Insanity, NCC 1328-1329
3. Mistake, NCC 1330-1343
4. Violence, NCC 1335(1)
15

5. Intimidation, NCC 1335(2)

6. Undue influence, NCC 1337
7. Fraud, NCC 1332, 1338-1344
Roman Catholic Church v Pante, April 11, 2012
ECE Realty and Development Inc. v Rachel Mandap,
G.R. No. 196182, September 1, 2014
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390, March 17, 2014
C. Unenforceable Contract, NCC 1403 1408, 1317
PNB v Phil. Vegetable Oil, 49 Phil 857 (1927)
Carbonnel v Poncio, 103 Phil 655 (1958)
Limketkai v CA, March 29, 1996
Swedish Match v CA, 441 SCRA 1 (2004)
Neri v Heirs of Uy, G.R. No. 194366, October 2012
Iglesia v Heirs Of Bernardino Taeza, G.R. No. 179597, Feb. 3, 2014
D. Void Contracts, NCC 1409-1410, 1411-1412, 1413-1416,
1417-1419, 1420-422
1. NCC 1345-1346
2. NCC 1490-1491
3. NCC 1378
4. NCC 1409
Ureta v Ureta, September 14, 2011
Formaran vs Ong, G.R. No. 186264, July 8 2013
Constantino v Heirs of Constantino, G.R. No. 181508, October 2 2013
THE CPG of the SP. Cadavedo v Lacaya, G.R. No. 173188, January
15, 2014
5. NCC 1422
6. NCC 1782
7. FC 87
Liguez v CA, supra
Rellosa v Gaw Cheen Hum, 93 Phil 827 (1953)
Frenzel v Catito, 406 SCRA 55 (2003)
Gonzalo v Tarnate, Jr., G.R. No. 160600, January 15 2014
16

Contracts of Adhesion
Piltel v Tecson, May 7, 2004
Alpha Insurance v Castor, G.R. No. 198174, September 2, 2013

PART III SPECIAL CONTRACTS

SALES
1. Definition and Essential Requisites - NCC 1505
Sanchez v Mapalad Realty, 541 SCRA 397
Hernandez-Nievera v Hernandez, 643 SCRA 646 (2011)
2. Voidable Title - NCC 1506
3. Double Sales - NCC 1544
De Leon v Ong, 611 SCRA 381 (February 2, 2010)
Roman Catholic Church v Pante, supra
Sabitsana v Muertegui, G.R. No. 181359, August 5, 2013
Alfaro et al v Spouses Dumalagan, et al, G.R. No. 186622, January 22, 2014
4. Sale of Movables - NCC 1484 - 1486
Tajanglangit v Southern Motors, 54 O.G. No. 8, p. 2582
Filinvest v Phil. Acetylene, 111 SCRA 421 (1982)
De La Cruz v Asian Consumer 214 SCRA 103
5. Option to Buy/Sell - NCC 1479, 1324
Sanchez v Rigos, supra
Eulogio v Apeles, 576 SCRA 561
Tuazon v del-Rosario-Suarez, G.R. 168325, December 3, 2010
PUP v Golden Horizon, 615 SCRA 478 (2010)
Archbishop Capalla v COMELEC, 2011
6. Right of First Refusal
17

Equatorial v Mayfair, 264 SCRA 483 (1996)

Paranaque King v CA, 268 SCRA 727 (1997)
5. Earnest Money NCC 1482
Cifra v CA, 198 SCRA 91
Serrano v Caguiat, 517 SCRA 57
7. Equitable Mortgage, NCC 1602, 1603, 1604
Arches v Diaz, April 30, 1973
Rockville v Miranda, Oct. 2, 2009
Macaslang v Zamora, May 30, 2011
Aludos v Suerte, June 18, 2012
GARCIA V VILLAR, G.R. No. 158891, June 27, 2012
8. Capacity to Contract, NCC 1491
Dir. v Ababa, February 27, 1979
Laig v CA, November 21, 1978
Sarili v. Lagrosa, G.R. No. 193517, January 15, 2014
9. Redemption - NCC 1619-1623
Butte v Uy, February 28, 1962
Conejero v CA, April 29, 1966
Alonzo v CA, May 29, 1987 (supra, Family Relations)
Hojas v Amanah, G.R. No. 193453, June 5, 2013
Tolosa v UCPB, G.R. No. 183058, April 3, 2013
Goldenway v PCIBank, March 13, 2013
David v David, G.R. No. 162365, January 15, 2014
10. Rep. Act 6552, An Act To Provide Protection To Buyers Of Real Estate On
Installment Payments.
De los Santos v CA, 2006
Fedman v Agcaoili, August 31, 2011
Manuel Uy & Sons, Inc. vs. Valbueco, G.R. No. 179594, September 11,
2013
18

11. Waivers/Warranties. NCC 1555, 1592, 1191

Bignay v Union Bank, G.R. No. 171590, February 12, 2014
12. Contract of Sale/Contract to Sell
Laforteza v Machuca, 333 SCRA 643 (2000)
Sps. Valenzuela v Kalayaan, G.R. No. 163244, June 22, 2009
Montecalvo v Heirs of Eugenia Primero, 624 SCRA 575 (July 9, 2010)
David v Misamis Occidental, July 11, 2012
Diego v Diego, G.R. No. 179965, February 20, 2013
SP. Tumibay vs Sp. Lopez , G.R. No.171692, June 3, 2013
Ventura v Heirs of Endaya, G.R. No. 190016, October 2, 2013
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific, G.R. No. 200602, December 11, 2013.
Optimum Development Bank v. Spouses Jovellanos, G.R. No. 189145,
December 4, 2013
Roque v Aguado, G.R. No. 193787, April 7, 2014
13. Sale v Agency
Sps. Viloria v Continental, January 2012
14. Recoupment, NCC 1599
First United v. Bayanihan, G.R. No. 164985, January 15, 2014
15. Assignment of Credits, NCC 1624-1635
Serfino v FEBTC, G.R. No. 171845, October 10, 2012
* PD 957 (Subdivision Law) and RA 4726 (Condominium Act) under Property. Excluded:
Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 (R.A. No. 8792); Public Land Law, Retail Trade and
Liberalization Act, Bulk Sales Law (Act No. 3952)

LEASE
NCC 1646-1653
Manlaraz v Salazar, 52 O.G. No.2, p. 802
Nava v Yaptinchay, 44 O.G. No. 9, p. 3332
19

Sime Darby v Goodyear, 2011

Aludos v Suerte, 2012
VSD Realty v Uniwide, G.R. No. 170677, October 24, 2012
Inocencio vs. Hospicio de San Jose, G.R. No. 201787, September 25, 2013
Locsin II v. Mekeni Food Corporation, G.R. No. 192105, December 9, 2013
* Excluded: Household Service, Contract of Labor, and Contract for Piece of Work (included
under Labor Law).

PARTNERSHIP
1. Existence, NCC 1769, 1782
Yulo v. Yang, August 28, 1959
Heirs of Jose Lim, G.R. No. 172690, March 3, 2010
J. Tiosejo v Sps. Ang, G.R. No. 174149, September 8, 2010
Realubit v Jaso, 2011
2. Liabilities of Partners, NCC 1797, 1799-1803, 1816-1824
Island Sales v. Pioneers, July 31, 1975, 65 SCRA 554
3. Dissolution, NCC 1832-1834
Singsong v. Isabela Sawmill, supra
4. Limited Partnership, NCC 1844, 1852
AGENCY
1. Definition
Yoshizaki v. Joy Training Center, G.R. No. 174978, July 31, 2013
2. Scope of Authority, NCC 1883
NFA v. IAC, 184 SCRA 166
Urban Bank v Pena, 2011
Country Bankers v Keppel, G.R. No. 166044, June 18, 2012
PETRON v Spouses Jovero, G.R. No. 151038, January 18, 2012
20

Viloria v Continental Airlines, 2012

Recio v Altamirano, G.R. No. 182349, July 24, 2013
Yoshizaki v. Joy Training Center, G.R. No. 174978, July 31, 2013
Patrimonio v Gutierrez, G.R. No. 187769, June 4, 2014
3. Extinguishment, NCC 1927, 1980
Dela Rama SS v. Tan, May 21, 1956, 99 PHIL 1034
Perez v. PNB. July 30, 1966, 17 SCRA 835
Lim v Saban, G.R. No. 163720, December 16, 2004
COMPROMISE
1. Void - NCC 2035, 2037, 2041
Samonte v. Samonte, June 25, 1975, 64 SCRA 24
Garcia v Garcia, November 14, 2011
PREFERENCE OF CREDITS
1. NCC 2241-2251
NCC 110, Labor Code
Carried Lumber v. ACCFA, April 22, 1975, 63 SCRA 411
Consuelo Metal v Planters, 555 SCRA 465
2. Insolvency Law, Act. No. 1956 as amended
Gateway Electronics v Asiabank, 574 SCRA 698
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS
1. Common Provisions NCC 1156, 1249, 1305, 1306, 1316, 1933 and 1934
2. Commodatum NCC 1935-1952
Pajuyo v CA, 430 SCRA 492
21

3. Simple Loan or Mutuum, NCC 1953-1955

Equitable v Ng Sheung Ngor, 541 SCRA 223
Almeda v Bathala Marketing, 542 SCRA 470
MetroBank v Rosales et al, G.R. No. 183204, January 13, 2014
4. Interest, NCC 1956-1961, 2209, 2212-2213
Nacar v. Gallery Frames, August 13, 2013, G.R. No. 189871
Benvidez v. Salvador, G.R. No. 173331, December 11, 2013
First United v. Bayanihan, G.R. No. 164985, January 15, 2014
Lumantas v. Calapiz, G.R. No. 163753. January 15, 2014
De la Paz v L&J Development Company, G.R. No. 183360, Sept. 8, 2014
Federal Builders v Foundation Specialists, G.R. No. 194507, Sept. 8, 2014
5. Chattel Mortgage, NCC 2140-2141, Act 1508
PNB v. Manila Investment, April 29, 1971, 38 SCRA 462
Pameca Wood v CA, 310 SCRA 281
6. Real Estate Mortgage, Act 3135 as amended
Isaguirre v de Lara, 331 SCRA 803
Garcia v. Villar, G.R. No. 158891, June 27, 2012
Land Bank v Poblete, G.R. No. 196577, February 25, 2013
Royal Savings Bank v Asia, G.R. No. 183658, April 10, 2013
Maglasang v Manila Banking Corporation, G.R. No. 171206,
September 23, 2013
Ramirez v. ManilaBank, G.R. No. 198800, December 11, 2013
PBCOM v. Mary Ann O. Yeung, G.R. No. 179691, December 4, 2013
UCPB v. Lumbo, G.R. No. 162757, December 11, 2013
Marquez v - Alindog, G.R. No. 184045, Jan 22 2014
DBP v. Guaria Agricultural, G.R. No. 160758, January 15, 2014
Homeowners v Felonia et al, G.R. No. 189477, February 26, 2014
Arguelles v. Malarayat Rural Bank, Inc., G.R. No. 200468, March 19, 2014
Okabe v Saturnino, G.R. No. 196040, August 26, 2014 [en banc]
7. Pledge, NCC 2093-2123
22

Ong v Roban Lending, 557 SCRA 516

8. Guaranty and Suretyship, NCC 2157-2081
Phil-Am v. Ramos, February 28, 1966, 16 SCRA 298
Toh v Solid Bank, 408 SCRA 554
Autocorp Group v Intra Strata, 556 SCRA 250
Gateway Electronics v Asiabank, 574 SCRA 698
Aglibot v Santia, G.R. No. 185945, December 5, 2012
Trade v. Asia, G.R. No. 187403, February 12, 2014
Lim v Security Bank, G.R. No. 188539, March 12, 2014
9. Deposit, NCC 1962-1967
YHT Realty v CA, 451 SCRA 638
10. Truth in Lending Act
UCPB v Beluso, 530 SCRA 567
11. Solutio Indebiti, NCC 2154-2163
MIAA v COA, G.R. No. 194710, February 14, 2012
PNB v Chong, G.R. No. 170865, April 25, 2012
Asia Trust v Tuble, G.R. No. 183987, July 25, 2012
Metropolitan Bank v Absolute, G.R. No. 170498, January 9, 2013

PART IV - OTHERS
TORTS
1. Definition of Tort
Vinzons-Chato v Fortune, 525 SCRA 11
2. Elements of Tort
Garcia v Salvador, 518 SCRA 568
23

Ocean Builders v Spouses Cubacub, G.R. No. 150898, April 13, 2011
Unicapital Inc., et al. vs. Consing, Jr,. G.R. No. 175277, September
11, 2013
3. Human Relations
Ardiente v Pastorfide, G.R. No. 161921, July 17, 2013
Gonzalo v Tarnate, Jr., G.R. No. 160600, January 15, 2014
Sesbreno v CA, G.R. No. 160689, March 26, 2014
4. Tort/Quasi-Delict
Coca Cola Bottlers v CA, 227 SCRA 292
5. Doctrine of Proximate Cause
Calalas v CA, G.R. No. 122039, May 31, 2000
Consolidated Bank v CA, 410 SCRA 562
Mamaril v Boy Scouts, G.R. No. 179382, January 14, 2013
6. Negligence
PNR v Brunty, 506 SCRA 685
PNR v CA, G.R. No. 157658, October 15, 2007
Professional Services v Agana cases, 2007, 2008, and 2010
Perena v Zarate, G.R. No. 157917, August 29, 2012
7. Degrees of Negligence
Ilao-Oreta v Ronquillo, 535 SCRA 633
DBP v. Guaria Agricultural, G.R. No. 160758, January 15, 2014
Solidum v. People, G.R. No. 192123, March 10, 2014
8. Standard of Conduct
Sicam v Jorge, G.R. No. 159617, August 8, 2007
Corinthian Gardens v Tanjangco, G.R. No. 160795, June 27, 2008
Arguelles v. Malarayat Rural Bank, Inc., G.R. No. 200468,
March 19, 2014
24

BJDC Construction v. Lanuzo, et al.,G.R. No. 161151,

March 24, 2014
9. Special Circumstances
Heirs of Completo v Albayda, G.R. No. 172200, July 6, 2010
Pacis v Morales, G.R. No. 169467, February 25, 2010
10. Res Ipsa Loquitur
Professional Services v Agana, 513 SCRA 478
CAP v Belfrantl, 538 SCRA 27
Solidum v People, G.R. No. 192123, March 10, 2014
11. Contributory negligence of plaintiff
NPC v Heirs of Casionan, G.R. No. 165969, November 27, 2008
Lambert v Heirs of Ray, 452 SCRA 285
Allied Bank v BPI, G.R. No. 188363, February 27, 2013
12. Fortuitous event
Southeastern College v CA, 292 SCRA 422
Metro Concast Steel Corp., et al. v. Allied Bank Corporation, G.R.
No. 177921, December 4, 2013

13. Plaintiffs assumption of risk/volenti non fit injuria

Calalas v CA, G.R. No. 122039, May 31, 2009
Far East Bank v Tentmakers, G.R. No. 171050, July 4, 2012
14.Tests to determine proximate cause
Lapanday v Angala, 525 SCRA 229
15.Vicarious Liability
a. Parents/Guardians
25

Libi v IAC, 214 SCRA 16

b. Teachers
St. Josephs College v Jayson Miranda, G.R. No. 182353, June 29,
2010
Aquinas School v Inton, G.R. No. 184202, January 26, 2011
c. Owners/Managers of Establishments/ Employers
Mercury Drug v Huang, 525 SCRA 427
Llana v. Biong, G.R. No. 182356, December 4, 2013
16. Interference with contractual relations
Lagon v CA, 453 SCRA 616
Go v Cordero, G.R. No. 164703, May 4, 2010
Malvar v Kraft Food, G.R. No. 183952, September 9, 2013
17. Damages, NCC 2195-2196, 2198
Custodio v CA, 235 SCRA 483
People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013
Jose T. Ramirez v. The Manila Banking Corporation, G.R. No. 198800,
December 11, 2013.
MetroBank v Rosales et al, G.R. No. 183204, January 13, 2014
Alano v Logmao, G.R. No. 175540, April 7, 2014
18. Actual or compensatory, NCC 2199
Oceaneering Contractors v Baretto, G.R. No. 184215, February 9, 2011
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014
19. Death by crime or quasi-delict, NCC 2206
People v Apacible, G.R. No. 189091, August 25, 2010
Crisostomo v People, G.R. No. 171526, September 1, 2010
Philippine Hawk v Lee, G.R. No. 166869, February 16, 2010
Emilia Lim v Mindanao Wines, 2012
26

Ochoa v G&S Transport, 2012

20. Attorneys fees, NCC 2208
Sps Andrada v Pilhino Sales, G.R. No. 156448, February 23, 2011
Rosario v De Guzman, G.R. No. 191247, July 10, 2013
Lim v. Security Bank Corporation, G.R. No. 188539, March 12, 2014
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014
21. Moral Damages, NCC 2209-2213
Sps Valenzuela v Sps Mano, G.R. No. 17266, July 9, 2010
Sulpicio Lines v Curso, G.R. No. 157009, March 17, 2010
Regala v Carin, G.R. No. 188715, April 6, 2011
People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013
Lim, et. al. v. DBP, G.R. No. 177050, July 1, 2013
Lumantas, M.D. v Calapiz, G.R. No. 163753, January 15 2014
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014
22. Nominal Damages
Sps Guanio v Makati Shangri-La, G.R. No. 190601, February 7, 2011
People v Marquez, G.R. No. 181440, April 13, 2011
One Network v. Baric, G.R. No. 193684, March 5, 2014.
23. Temperate damages
Tan v OMC Carriers, G.R. No. 190521, January 12, 2011
Serrano v People, G.R. No. 1752021, July 5, 2010
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014
24. Liquidated damages, NCC 2226
Pentacapital v Mahinay, G.R. No. 171736, July 5, 2010
25. Exemplary/Corrective damages, NCC 2230
People v Capanas, G.R. No. 172321, February 9, 2011
27

People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013

26. Strict Liability
Vestil v IAC, 179 SCRA 47
Caedo v Yu Khe Thai, 135 Phil 399
QC v Decara, G.R. No. 150304, June 15, 2005
Dingcong v Kanaan, 72 Phil 14
Alarcon v Alarcon, 112 Phil 389
ALSO: Secs. 97, 99, 106 Consumers Act, Rep. Act 7394
LAND TITLES AND DEEDS
1. Torrens System
Legarda v. Saleeby, 31 Phil 590 (1915)
Capitol v. Province of Negros Occidental, 7 SCRA 60 (1963)
Valientes v Ramas, G.R. No. 157852, December 15, 2010
Landbank v Poblete, G.R. No. 196577, February 25, 2013
Zulueta v Espina, February 25, 2012
Cagatao v Almonte, October 9, 2013
Paraguya v. Sps. Crucillo, G.R. No. 200265, December 2, 2013
Heirs of Sarili, et al v Lagrosa, G.R. No. 193517, January 15, 2014
Vilbar v Opinion, G.R. No. 176043, January 15, 2014
2. Regalian Doctrine
Republic v Medida, G .R. No. 195097, August 3, 2012
Republic v Santos, G.R. No. 180027, July 18, 2012
Republic v Lachica, G.R. No. 157485, March 26, 2014
3. Citizenship Requirement
SEE: cases under Family Law
4. Original Registration
Republic v Bantigue, G. R. No. 162322, March 14, 2012
28

Paraguya v. Sps. Crucillo, G.R. No. 200265, December 2, 2013

Republic v Cortez, G.R. No. 186639, February 5, 2014
Fortuna v. Republic, G.R. No. 173423, March 5, 2014
5. Subsequent Registration
6. Non-registrable Properties
7. Dealings with Unregistered Lands
Republic v. Roxas, G.R. No. 157988, December 11, 2013
*Exclude: History of land laws, Remedies sufficiently covered under Remedial Law,
Registration of judgments, orders and partitions, Assurance fund, Registration of patents,
Administrative structure of the Register of Deeds, Consultas

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