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If due to any reason, the alignment is spoiled one or more plates go unreadable. In some
cases, if the File Allocation Table is destroyed, entire HDD will be unreadable without usage
Hard disk recovery tools. The following figure shows you how an improper alignment can
create friction among two or more plates.
The most common reason for hard disk failure is improper alignment that makes one plate
touch the other thereby destroying data on the other or both plates. And the most
common reason for improper alignment is mishandling of the Hard Drive Disk. Do not go by
the tough jacket of HDD. It does protect from small shocks but the disks are still vulnerable
and a little disturbance can destroy entire hard disk.
Among other reasons why hard disk drives fail are improper venting. The disks inside the
HDD keep on spinning and the heads are constantly reading them. This creates a certain
amount of heat due to friction. If the vents of Hard Disk Drive are clogged or if the HDD is
used roughly without breaks over time, they may spoil the plates and/or the heads
leading to HDD crash!
b.
c.
4. Logical Failure
Logical failure refers to any other non-physical failure types. It can be the
easiest or the most difficult recovery job depending on the circumstances that
leads to logical failure.
5. Firmware Failure
Modern disks normally have their firmware codes located on data platters and also
the PCB board. If the firmware area of the platter is corrupted, the drive will appear
to have failed even all the electrical and mechanical components are still fully
functional.
-Symptoms:
a.
b.
c.
Preventive maintenance:
Always handle optical disks by the edges to avoid finger prints.
Optical disks can be wiped with a soft lint-free cloth or lens tissue.
Always wipe in a straight line from the inner hub to the outer rim.
http://www.repairfaq.org/sam/cdfaq.htm
1. Removable Media:
Common Failures:
a. Thumb Drive
FLASH DRIVES FAIL for all sorts of reasons, and we at FlashDrivePros LLC have certainly seen our share
of issues over the years. Here are the top three causes of flash drive failure that we come across on a regular
basis.
The most common type of flash drive damage is a broken USB connector. When a flash drive is sticking out of
the side of a laptop or the front of a PC tower, it's very easy to bump or kick it causing the connector to bend
or even break off completely. When this happens, it's very important to unplug the flash drive and not to plug it
back in. When a flash drive's connector is bent, sometimes the power lead will be torn loose from the circuit
board and short circuit across other components or data connections. Plugging it in in such a state could
cause serious damage and make recovery very difficult or even impossible.
Sometimes people with soldering iron experience will try to re-attach the broken leads themselves. However,
more often than not, the solder pads have been torn off the circuit board leaving nothing for the solder to
attach to. Is such cases, we will either rebuild the solder runs or solder pads. Or if the damage is too severe,
we will either remove and attach the memeory chip(s) to a new identical circuit board or use one of our
external NAND chip readers to access the raw data directly.
Pulling a flash drive out while files are still transfering, power surges, viruses, and a host of other
things cause file system damage in flash drives. When file system damage occurs, we usually have to
use advanced command-line software tools to locate, repair and rebuild the data. This can be a very
difficult and time-consuming process. One way to protect against file system damage is to always use
the "safely remove hardware" feature in Windows.
http://www.flashdrivepros.com/_blog/USB_Flash_Drive_Data_Recovery_Blog/post/Three-MostCommon-Types-of-Flash-Drive-Failure/
b. Memory Card
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It is also possible that the memory card is performing sub-optimally. In this case,
formatting the card may solve the problem.
5. Damaged or Corrupted Card
Memory cards are sensitive devices that are prone to damage. Many different things,
such as immersion in water and being subjected to extreme heat or cold, can damage or
corrupt a memory card. In this case, the memory card is generally unusable. The best
that the owner of a damaged or corrupted memory card can hope for is to recover the
data on the card. It is therefore recommended, in this case, to employ data recovery
software or the services of a data recovery specialist.
6. Computer Will Not Read Card
Sometimes a computer will not read a memory card, even though the memory card works
just fine with the camera. This is problematic because it makes transferring photos and
videos to a practical storage device inconvenient. The issue here is likely with the
computer, rather than with the memory card, so computer-based solutions will likely solve
the problem.
The first thing that a user can do is try a different USB port. Failing that, the user can try
downloading drivers for their computers operating system. Some older computers with
older operating systems are not capable of reading memory cards larger than 2GB, but
updating the operating systems firmware generally solves the issue by making the
operating system compliant with larger memory cards.
http://www.ebay.com/gds/6-Memory-Card-Problems-andSolutions-/10000000177629371/g.html
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