Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Zhili Feng
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
2 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Weld
Base Metal
Martensite in BM
CGHAZ
Martensite
Tempered Martensite
Below Ta1
Below Intercritical region
Intercritical region
Above Ta3
Tempered M
3 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
High % Ferrite +
Low % Martensite
GB Ferrite +
high % Martensite
HAZ Softening
Microhardness Map
Intercritical T
4 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
DP980
5 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Below TA1
Tempering of martiniste/bainite
6 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
(DP980)
7 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Normalized BM Strength
4.5
2500
4.0
3.5
2000
2.4
1500
1.8
1000
1.0
500
5.0
1.0
1.8
636 641
1.8
1.8
641 647
352 352
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.5
2.8
2.6
734 848
2.5
2.0
2.1
2.0
972
861 896
543
2.0
1593
1.5
693 690
3.0
2.4
1.6
577 654
2.8
721
986
714
1689
924
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
DR210
DP600
HDGI, A
DP600
HDGI, B
DP600
HSLA590
DP780
Steels
8 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Boron, UHT
M130
DP980
M220
Boron, HT
Normalized Strength
3000
120%
99%
100%
99%
2000
88%
96%
100%
87%
73%
80%
1500
56%
55%
Joint Efficiency
1000
60%
45%
1593
500
636 641
641 647
577 654
693 690
DP600
HDGI, A
DP600
HDGI, B
DP600
HSLA590
352 352
734
848
986
972
861 896
543
721
714
1689
924
40%
20%
0%
DR210
DP780
Boron, UHT
M130
DP980
M220
Steels
Boron, HT
Joint Efficiency
100%
DR210
10 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
DP780
Boron Steel
2.0
500
1.5
1.0
335
0.5
0.0
0
170
X, mm
Boron
TRIP780
1mm
450
400
350
500
Microhardness (HV500g)
600
300
HAZ softening
250
200
DP980
150
400
HAZ softening
300
200
Traverse
Basemetal
DP980
100
Boron steel
100
0
5
Distance (mm)
11 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
10
0
0
Distance (mm)
10
12
14
Peak%Load%(N)%
15000#
Boron#
TRIP780#
13000#
11000#
9000#
7000#
5000#
3#
4#
4#
5#
5#
6#
Weld%Nugget%Size%(mm)%
6#
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
2.0
99
1.0
80
0.0
60
40
-1.0
Interfacial Fracture - Small Weld
20
10
-2.0
2
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
13 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
15.0
.0
-3.0
-4.0
LnLn(1/(1 -F))
Failure Probability, F
95
90
14 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
15 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Boron
Annealed
DP600
DR210
Boron
Hardened
HSLA590
DP780
M130
103
104
105
M220
DP980
106
107
17 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
18 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
19 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
300
200
100
Baseline Range
1000
103
10000
4
10
100000
5
10
Cycles to Failure
20 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
1000000
6
10
10000000
7
10
Others
21 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
22 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
23 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
24 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Welding Process
& Parameters
Thermal
History
Process Model
Structural
Model
Microstructural
Model
Experiments
Weldment
Microstructure
Structure-Property
Relation
Choose appropriate individual models for each physical process, and integrate them
Generally adopted for many welding processes
Many individual models are already available
25 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Boron HT
26 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Local:
weld process and
property modeling
I, F
Robust
Spot Weld Element
(SWE)
400
3
Y, mm
350
2
300
250
200
0
0
10
X, mm
I, F
Nugget core
(RIGID)
HAZ
1
Base
metal
Interfacial failure
28 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Hardness
Temperature
55!
Residual
Stress
Weld !
Centerline!
As load increases
29 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Strain Localization
55!
Actual weld!
Necking
& Failure
Weld modeling
Considerable progress in developing integrated
weld process and performance modeling in the past
decades or so
Some remaining issues
30 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Collimators
Fast resistive heating of high strength steel in a controlled atmosphere box at SNS VULCAN
31 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
Heated Sample
Cooling
Sample was heated up to 1050C at 3C/s, and then cooled down in argon gas
atmosphere to room temperature.
1050C
Heating
fcc
bcc
3C/s
Ferrite
Austenite
30C/s
Ferrite
Austenite
Boltzmann Fit of Sheet1 VfBoltzmann Fit of Sheet1 VfBoltzmann Fit of Book2_P
Boltzmann Fit of Book2_Q1
% (9,@LG)
% (10,@LG)
1.0
0.9
0.8
Vol. Fraction
0.7
(bcc)
0.6
30C/s
3C/s
0.5
0.4
(fcc)
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
720
740
760
780
800
820
840
860
880
900
Temp
33 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
1050C
bcc
34 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
fcc
FBJ
SPR
FSSW
Ultrasonic
yes
yes
All AHSS
2T, 3T
no restriction
yes
difficult
up to DP780
2T, 3T
no restriction
coated steel
TBD
All AHSS
2T
Zn coating
Metallurgical +
Mechnical
Mechanical
coated steel
TBD
All AHSS
2T
Zn coating
Brazing or
Metallurgical +
Mechanical
6300 - 8100
~5400
~ 9000
1.5 - 2
Feasible
Yes
SPR comparable
5000 - 5500
cracking
20,000 or higher
<1
yes
Yes
low
Cost
Machine cost
35 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy
2500 - 3500
TBD
TBD
<4
Difficult
~3000
TBD
Low
~2
Difficult
Yes
Yes
High (specialty
alloy)
Potentially high
(high power)
comparable
Brazing, or
metallurgical
comparable
36 Managed by UT-Battelle
for the Department of Energy