OSI Model Key Terms Table

NTC/245 Version 1

University of Phoenix Material

OSI Model Key Terms Table
Define the key terms related to the OSI Model. Describe the functions of any hardware
connectivity devices and tools listed.
TERM

DEFINITION

FUNCTION
(IF APPLICABLE)

Physical layer

Transmitsbitsthroughout
thenetworksphysical
medium.Performsservices
requestedbythedatalink
layer.
Thedatalinklayerisin
chargeoftransmittingdata
errorfreeandtosetuplocal
linksbetweentwo
computers.

Changesdatapacketsto
physicalsignalswhich
symbolize1sand0sand
latersendsthephysical
signaltothedestination
Splitsdatathatisobtained
fromthenetworklayerinto
framesthephysicallayer
cantransmit.Italsohas
packagesdataintoframes
whichareworkablebythe
networklayer.
Createskeepsandcloses
networklinksbetween
networks.Makesrouting
selectionsandrelaysdata
fromonenetworkto
another.
Tacklesmistakecorrection,
splittingdataintosmall
packets.Alsoreorders
packetsiftheyarriveoutof
order.
Allowsuserstosetup
controlandendalink.Also
buildsupcheckpointsin
datastreamsinanattempt
toavoidtheneedtoresend
datapackets.Lastly,this
layerisinchargeof
userauthorization.
Themainobjectiveforthis
layeristochange.
Guaranteesapplicationson

Data link layer

Network layer

Handlesandrouts
procedureswhichallow
datatobetransferredfrom
onenetworktoanother.

Transport layer

Ensureserrorfreedelivery
fromoneendtoanother.

Session layer

Usedtocomplete
administrativetasksand
dealswithsafety.

Presentation layer

Changesdatafromthe
applicationlayertotypical
formatsandsemantics

OSI Model Key Terms Table

NTC/245 Version 1

Application layer

Responsibleforthe
assistanceofenduser
applicationprocess.

Signaling

Methodforutilizing
electrical,light,energy,or
radiowavestoconveydata
inbetweennetworked
computers.

Synchronous

Usesaclocksignalto
arrangecommunicationsin
betweendevices.
Doesntrelyonaclock
signal,

Asynchronous

Bandwidth

Point-to-point topology

Multipoint connection

MAC

LLC

differentendsofanetwork
linkcancommunicate.
Theapplicationlayerstarts
connectionrequestsand
offersaninterfacetoaccess
filetransferservices,
printeraccess,andemail.
Electricalsignalsare
possiblythemosttypical.
Theycanunderstanddata
bythecurrentstateorthe
transitionmethod.

Utilizesastartsignal,the
payloadofthedatagram
orframe,andastopsignal
toconveytheirdetails

Theamountofdetails
whichcanbecarriedona
giventransmittingmedium.
Meanswhentwonodesona Utilizedwhenthedevices
networkarelinked
aremeanttomonopolizethe
togetherdirectly.
transmittingmedium
betweenthem.
Threeormoredevicesare
Everyindividualdevice
connectedbyasingle
needstohaveamethodto
transmittingmedium.
identifyitselfandthegoal
machinetowhichitdesires
toconvey.
StandsforMediaAccess
Controlwhichmakessure
Exclusivetoeachunitona
routingdevicesona
network.
networktransmitdatatothe
intendedlocation.
RationalLinkControl
whichcontrolsdatalink
betweentwoormore
computersonasingle
subnet.

TheLLCorrationallink
controllayerisasublayer
ofthedatalinklayer.

OSI Model Key Terms Table

NTC/245 Version 1

SAP

Access method

ServiceAccessPointused
onamultiprotocolLAN.

SAPslettheLLCto
recognizewhichprotocolis
beingutilized.
Principleswhichdefine
Thisproceduredecreases
howacomputerplacesdata datacollisionswhichcause
ontoanetworkwireand
damageddatapackets.This
howitreceivesdatafrom
issometimesalsoknownas
theidenticalwire.
arbitration.

CSMA/CD

CarrierSenseMultiple
Accesshavingcrash
recognition.

Gateway

ASoftwareprogram
orHardwarewhichlinks
twodifferentkindsof
networkbychangingdata
fromonenetworktoa
differentorfromone
operatingsystemtoa
differentone

Hubs

Multiportlinkpointutilized
tolinknetworkdevices
throughawiresegment.

Bridges

ConnecttwoLANs,
makingthemappearasone.
Alsocanbeusedtoconnect
twoportionsasasingle
signal.

Token passing

Methodofarbitrationwhich
usesaparticulardatapacket
transferredarounda
network.

UtilizedinEthernetand
IEEE802.3,thistypeof
contentionevaluates
networktraffictoobserve
crashesandbegin
retransmissions.
Gatewaysaretypically
recognizedwithupper
layerssimplybecausethey
shouldcommunicatewith
anapplication,setupand
controlsessions,convert
encodeddata,andinterpret
rationalandphysical
addressingdata;butthey
canbeutilizedatanylayer
oftheOSImodel.
Transmitsdatapackets
orduplicatesthemtoeach
oneoftheports,sothatall
thenetworkedunitscan
easilyseethem.Foundina
startopology
Canlinkaringnetworktoa
busnetwork.

Onlytheunitfeaturingthe
tokenmaytransferdata
overthenetworks
transmitingmedium.

OSI Model Key Terms Table

NTC/245 Version 1

Polling

Methodofarbitrationwhich
hasasingledeviceserving
asachannelaccess
administrator.

Allowsauthorizationto
unitstotransmitdataonthe
communicationchannelby
thechannelaccess
administrator.

References

1. Xie, A., & Huang, X. (2012). Advances in computer science and education. Heidelberg
[Germany: Springer.
2. Cailloux, J. M., Casimir, C., & Commission of the European Communities. (1989).
OSI model for library applications: A tutorial. Luxembourg: Commission of the
European Communities, Directorate-General Telecommunications, Information Industries
and Innovation.
3. Stallings, W. (1990). The open systems interconnection (OSI) model and OSI-related
standards. Carmel, IN: Sams.
4. Wetteroth, D. (2002). OSI reference model for telecommunications. New York:
McGraw-Hill.