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Aerobic Digestion
14.1 Existing Conditions
The aerobic sludge holding/storage tanks or digesters store sludge wasted from the bottom of the
primary and secondary clarifiers. The digesters also provide stabilization of the waste sludge, reducing
the volatile suspended solids and pathogen levels. The greater the digester capacity the more stable the
biosolids fed to the downstream dewatering and drying processes will be. Digester capacity generally
depends on the level of thickening achieved. Clarified liquid can be decanted from a digester tank as
supernatant to allow for solids thickening and to increase solids storage time. Supernatant removal is
provided by telescopic valves. Supernatant from each draw-off discharges into Manhole 101 and from
there to the plant drain pump station before it is returned to the primary clarifier distribution box. After
digestion, the sludge is dewatered in the belt filter presses (BFPs).
There are a total of five sludge storage tanks at the Salisbury WWTP. Tanks 1 through 3 are circular and
they used to be part of an older anaerobic digestion system originally installed in the 1950s. Tank 4 is
rectangular and was constructed as part of the BNR/ENR expansion. Also as part of the BNR/ENR
expansion, Tank 3 was divided into two sections, of which, according to record drawing and O&M manual
information, Tank 3A was designed to receive secondary sludge and Tank 3B a mixture of primary and
secondary sludge. Tank 3B is currently the only tank that can feed the BFPs. It must be noted here that
the existing SCADA system has these two tank names reversed. Plant operators currently use the SCADA
naming convention. Sludge from every tank has to be transferred by pumping to Tank 3B and from there
to the BFPs for dewatering. Dimensions and volumes of the sludge storage tanks are provided in Table
14-1. The approximate effective volume of Tanks 3A and 3B is 294,000 and 92,000 gallons,
respectively.
The original design called for three tanks to be used for secondary sludge storage (Tanks 2, 3A, and 4)
and Tank 1 for primary sludge storage. In general, it is very difficult to keep primary sludge aerobic.
Primary sludge requires a significant air supply to remain mixed and aerobic and that was witnessed
during our November 20, 2009 site visit, when intermittent aeration of primary sludge created odors and
a layer of floating material on top of Tank 1. The sooner primary sludge turns aerobic the better in terms
of reducing odors and stabilizing the sludge prior to dewatering and drying. Mixing of primary with
secondary sludge, though it does not solve the nuisance issues associated with aerating raw sludge, is
preferred over aerating pure primary sludge. Currently, secondary sludge is pumped to Tank 2 where it
overflows through the supernatant draw-off system into the drainage system, then to the plant drain
pump station and from there be diverted to the primary clarifier splitter box for co-settling and cothickening with the primary sludge in the primary clarifiers. This arrangement is necessary because the
ability to return secondary sludge directly to the head of the plant was eliminated in the BNR/ENR
upgrade. Given this mode of operation, Tanks 1, 3A, and 4 theoretically receive and store co-settled
primary and secondary sludge collected from the underflow of the primary clarifiers.
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Value
55
22
20.5
29
27.5
400,000
Value
60
18
16.5
Tank 4
Approximate Effective Volume (gal)
Total Approximate Effective Volume (gal)
25
23.5
400,000
Value
250,000
1,450,000
The sludge holding tanks are mixed by a coarse bubble aeration system using positive displacement
blowers (Table 14-2). Non-condensable off-gas from the dryer is also bubbled into Tanks 1 and 2 as a
means to mitigate any odors. The total sludge holding volume is 1,450,000 gallons and the four
available blowers were sized to deliver a maximum of 1650 scfm each or 6,600 scfm combined. This
corresponds to 6,226 lb of oxygen per day per blower or 24,905 lb of oxygen per day in total, under
standard conditions and assuming a 15% standard oxygen transfer efficiency (SOTE used by Sanitaire).
The air supply to the aerobic digesters is properly sized as documented by the following calculation
checks that show that all three aerobic digestion aeration sizing criteria are satisfied:
1. The supplied air divided by the total sludge volume equals 34 scfm/1,000 cf, which exceeds the
minimum of 30 cfm per 1,000 cf of sludge volume recommended in the 10-state standards (2004)
and in the 1978 MDE guidelines. Individually, considering the largest tank (400,000 gallons) with its
dedicated blower aerating it, the mixing input is approximately 31 scfm/1,000 cf of sludge volume,
which is still over the minimum recommended guideline.
2. Air demand is dictated by the biological oxygen demand (BOD) in primary sludge, which is 1.6 to 1.9
lb of oxygen per lb of BOD destroyed for mixed sludges (Metcalf & Eddy, 2003, p. 1538). The average
BOD loading in the raw influent at 8.5 MGD plant flows was estimated at 20,600 lb/d. This means
that there is sufficient air in the aerated sludge holding tanks to theoretically destroy the entire BOD
loading resulting from a primary clarification process that removes more than 63% of the BOD found
in its influent (24,900/1.9/ 20,600).
3. The mass rate ratio of oxygen provided (24,900 lb/d) to VS after decant (15,200 lb/d) equates to
approximately 1.6 lb of oxygen per lb of cell tissue (VS). The standard minimum oxygen demand for
biological stabilization reported in WEFs MOP-8 (p. 25-158) is 2.0 parts of oxygen per part of organic
cell mass destroyed. To that, another 1.6 to 1.9 parts for a total of 3.6 to 3.9 parts of oxygen per part
of volatile solids destroyed have to be added to account for primary solids addition. This suggests
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that, in theory, there is enough oxygen to destroy approximately 41 44 % of the VS that remain in
the tanks after decant. If the VS content of the raw sludge before decant (25,500 x 70% = 17,850
lb/d) is used instead, the supplied oxygen drops to 1.4 lb per lb of cell tissue and the theoretical VS
destruction drops to a range of 36 39 %. Aerobic digestion is not sized for complete oxidation and a
38% VS reduction is often a satisfactory minimum. Based on the above this criterion is also met by
the existing aeration system. However performance of the system will be limited by the time the
constituents are exposed to the air supplied or, in other words, by its SRT. Its is expected that, in the
future, as plant flows and sludge production rates increase, the plant will not be able to stabilize the
sludge well in winter.
Table 14-2. Aerated Sludge Holding Equipment
Transfer and BFP Feed Pumps
Manufacturer
Value
Seepex
Units
Range
BN
Model/Size
130
Pressure
Units
6L
gpm
Pump Speed
rpm
30
HP
Motor
Blowers
Manufacturer
Units
Model/Size
United Blower
4
RAM 616
Load
110P
Capacity
1650
scfm
Motor
125
HP
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Table 14-3 summarizes the expected performance of the aerobic digestion process considering the
available capacity of the existing tanks as well as current and projected raw sludge production rates. Our
assumption of a design raw solids production equal to 3,000 pounds per million gallons of plant flow is
based on historical data (see CAP) and simulation modeling.
Table 14-3. Mass Balances Across Aerobic Digestion as a Function of Plant Flow and Liquid Treatment Alternative
Current Fixed Film
Current
Suspended Growth
Design
Suspended Growth
Units
5.5
5.5
8.5
MGD
1,000
3,000
3,000
5,500
16,500
25,500
lb/d
4,700
14,000
21,700
lb/d
Volatile solids
3,300
9,800
15,100
lb/d
VSD destroyed
1,300
1,500
1,500
lb/d
Digested solids
3,400
12,600
20,200
lb/d
Solids in decant
825
2,475
3,825
lb/d
Primary sludge
1.3%
1.3%
1.3%
Thickened/Digested solids
1.7%
1.7%
1.7%
85%
85%
85%
% VS
70%
70%
70%
% VSD
40%
15%
10%
51,000
152,000
235,000
gpd
24,000
89,000
142,000
gpd
Decant flowrate
27,000
64,000
93,000
gpd
42
42
42
days
61.1
16.4
10.2
days
997,000
3,718,000
5,985,000
gallons
1,450,000
1,450,000
1,450,000
gallons
NA
2,268,000
4,535,000
gallons
NA
303,000
606,000
ft3
Parameter
Plant flow (MGD)
Table 14-3 shows results based on a 1.3% solids concentration in the raw sludge and further thickening
through decanting at the aerobic digesters to achieve a 1.7% solids concentration in the sludge, which is
the minimum sludge thickness needed for an efficient operation of the downstream belt filter press
dewatering. The ratio of raw primary to secondary sludge fed to the aerobic digesters is expected to be
approximately 70%:30% by weight. This means that the raw sludge breakout will be 18,000 lb/d primary
and 8,000 lb/d secondary solids. Even if primary and secondary sludge were conveyed to the solids
treatment train separately, the dry solids quantities reported would remain approximately the same.
However, the overall thickness of the raw sludge will reduce significantly, mainly due to the thinness of
the secondary sludge, resulting in a corresponding increase in sludge volume that will have to be
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addressed by more aggressive decanting at the aerobic digesters. In that case, the ratio of raw primary
to secondary sludge fed to the aerobic digesters is expected to be approximately 40%:60% by volume.
Assuming that all four main tanks are available to receive sludge and the necessary decanting is
performed, the process SRT will be as high as 61 days under current plant flows and treatment
conditions. Under current flows, but utilizing a suspended growth biological treatment process the
anticipated SRT will drop to approximately 16 days. Under design flow conditions of 8.5 MGD, a 10-day
SRT is expected. As a result of the varying SRT, the expected VSD will decrease from the current 40% of
a fixed film system to the future 10% of a suspended growth system at design flows.
It must be noted here that, with the existing infrastructure, all four tanks available, and under current
sludge production rates, there is sufficient tank capacity to meet Class B stabilization standards by
following a batch and rotational operation of the aerobic digestion tanks. Class B standards could be met
without any significant testing required, if the digestion SRT is greater than 42 days. The protocol to
accomplish this was originally presented in Appendix F of the June 2010 CAP. Until the proposed
modifications are complete, following the proposed protocol of CAPs Appendix F will allow the operators
to produce a stable feedstock for the downstream BFPs and dryer; regardless whether the necessary
documentation is submitted to the State to formally produce Class B liquid sludge. Once the biological
process is converted to suspended growth, the existing capacity will be sufficient to meet quality criteria
for drying only, but not Class B standards. According to Fenton, the manufacturer of a candidate
replacement sludge dryer, SRTs of less than 16 days will usually produce biosolids of poorer quality.
Also, according to the 1978 MDE Design Guidelines for Sewerage Facilities, a minimum 15-day
detention time is required for mesophilic aerobic digestion. As future flows increase, the minimum 15day SRT will not be met and the process will become just sludge holding rather than digestion.
Incorporating the 100,000-gallon equalization basin located adjacent to Tank 4 and further thickening to
2.5% solids, either by persistent decanting or by other means, will allow meeting an SRT of almost 16
days at 8.5 MGD. Proposed construction to incorporate the EQ Tank into Tank 4 is shown in Figure 14-4.
Proposed construction will include saw cutting (top and bottom) the common wall of the two tanks to
create the interconnect and adding a dropleg connected to a coarse bubble diffuser grid that will also be
supplied by the dedicated Sludge Storage Blower 4 located inside the room adjacent to Tank 4. The
existing Sludge Storage Blower 4 was originally oversized given the air demand of Tank 4 and has
sufficient capacity to supply air to Tank 4 and the new segment that is proposed to be incorporated into
Tank 4. The existing sludge discharge piping into Tank 4 shall be relocated to the new section added, so
that sludge is forced to flow from the new section to the old before it is decanted or transferred to Tank
3B.
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If any of these rates change, the proposed schedule should be modified accordingly.
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Tanks 2+3A
Volume
650,000
694,000
Gallons
Fill Time
4.3
4.6
Days
346,000
370,000
Gallons
116,000
124,000
Gallons
1.0
1.1
Days
2.3
2.4
Days
3.3
3.5
Days
2.8
3.0
Days
10.4
11.1
Days
STATUS
STATUS
EMPTY
FULL
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
STATUS
STATUS
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
FILL/DECANT
DEWATER
FILL/DECANT
DEWATER
FILL/DECANT
DEWATER
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
10
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
11
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
12
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
13
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
14
DEWATER
FILL/DECANT
15
DEWATER
FILL/DECANT
16
DEWATER
FILL/DECANT
17
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
18
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
19
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
20
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
21
FILL/AIR
HOLD/AIR
22
FILL/DECANT
DEWATER
23
FILL/DECANT
DEWATER
24
FILL/DECANT
DEWATER
DAY
DAY
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STATUS
STATUS
25
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
26
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
27
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
28
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
29
HOLD/AIR
FILL/AIR
30
DEWATER
FILL/DECANT
31
DEWATER
FILL/DECANT
32
DEWATER
FILL/DECANT
The above schedule is conservative in that it does not include any potential use of the volume available
from Tank 3B, or potential merging of the Recycle EQ tank with Tank 4. Tank 3B could be used in
conjunction with the main tanks that are being filled to increase the overall storage capacity. Once the
main tanks are full and have been decanted the number of times needed to reach the target sludge
thickness, some of their content could be transferred to fill Tank 3B completely. The volume transferred
to Tank 3B will have to be replaced with an equal volume of fresh, raw sludge. At this point, the two main
tanks of a train and Tank 3B are completely full and ready for further decanting as needed. Tank 3B has
an approximate volume of 92,000 gallons, provides the feedstock to the BFPs and will be occupied
during a dewatering sub-cycle. Because of that, its filling should be timed appropriately, so it is empty
when it needs to be filled. Because all this may sound cumbersome to accomplish, the active volume of
Tank 3B was not taken into consideration while developing Table 14-4.
Aeration should stay on in the tanks that are on hold and in the tanks that are being filled. Decanting
should occur for the first time once a tank is almost full and after its contents are left sitting without air
for about an hour. To facilitate operations, during the time that a tank is sitting without air prior to
decanting and during decanting, the fill function should be continued uninterrupted. Approximately three
full decants are required per tank in order to obtain high enough solids concentration in the sludge to
meet the consistency required to feed the BFPs. All three decants/refills should take place continuously
so thickened sludge remains aerated afterwards for the longest amount of time possible prior to being
transferred to Tank 3B for dewatering. Dewatering should take place continuously for as many shifts
needed until the subject tanks and tank 3B are empty. During the transfer function, aeration should
generally be on in both the main tanks and Tank 3B.
Our estimates indicate that 50 to 60 % (53% for calculation purposes) of the original raw sludge volume
of a series of tanks should be decanted. This means that from the combined volume of 650,000 gallons
of Tanks 1 and 4 for example, approximately 346,000 gallons will have to be eventually decanted. One
full decant of both tanks is equal to 116,000 gallons, so Tanks 1 and 4 should be decanted a minimum
of three times without accounting for the dilution from the raw sludge entering the system at the same
time. The same number of decants applies for Tanks 2 and 3A, whereas Tank 3B will typically need to be
decanted a minimum of five times, if it were to be part of the active digestion volume.
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alkalinity and pH
tank mixing
formation and removal of supernatant
Solids Retention Time Solids retention time represents the most critical variable in process control.
To maximize the benefits of aerobic digestion, the retention time should be as long as possible and the
digesters should be operated in batch mode. The equation for calculating solids residence time (in days)
in each digester is essentially
n = mass of solids in the digester/ mass flow rate of solids leaving
If the digesters are operated without thickening (decanting), the retention time is calculated as
n = VCv/ qCq,
where V is the reactor volume, q is the flow rate leaving the digester, Cv is the concentration of solids in
the reactor, and Cq is the concentration of solids in the exiting sewage sludge.
If the digesters are operated with decanting
n = VCv/ pCp,
where p is the flow rate of processed sludge leaving the entire system and Cp is the concentration of
solids in the processed sludge. For completely mixed reactors, it is often assumed that Cv = Cp.
Aeration Control Blowers should run continuously unless foaming occurs, the tanks are prepared for
decanting, or the volume of sludge is less than 1/3 of the total tank volume (approximately 6 feet of side
water depth), upon which time they should run intermittently. A reminder that the lowest blower speed
setting should be used unless operators see a need for more air, which is usually the case with full tanks
or thick sludges. More air will be provided by increasing the blower speed.
Dissolved Oxygen The DO concentration of each tank should be maintained between 1.0 and 2.0
mg/l. These DO levels are required to keep the sludge fresh and minimize odor problems.
Alkalinity and pH Aeration provides the oxygen needed for the oxidation of VS. VS oxidation leads to
the formation of nitrate ions and to the consumption of calcium carbonate (alkalinity). Over-aeration will
lead to complete nitrification and loss of alkalinity. This is experienced when the sludge pH starts drifting
to erratic values beyond the typical 6.5 to 8.0 range; most probably towards lower than 6.5 values. If
alkalinity is lost, lime or other alkalinity agent should be added and aeration air should be reduced. New
piping will be installed from one of the Thioguard feed system to the digester complex to allow alkalinity
to be added, if required.
Tank Mixing Tank mixing is important both from the standpoint of odor control and also the
performance of the sludge dewatering. Tank mixing is a secondary effect of an aeration system, but it
becomes the limiting criterion in sludge aeration applications like this. Good tank mixing will minimize
the formation of anaerobic pockets within the tanks and consequently minimize the production of odors.
Mixing also distributes the solids throughout the tank volume and produces a homogeneous and
consistent sludge mixture. Consistent solids loading is an important characteristic affecting the
performance of the downstream sludge dewatering system.
Supernatant Formation and Removal To maximize the residence time and minimize the solids to be
dewatered, tanks should have any excess supernatant removed. Frequent removal of supernatant can
reduce sludge volumes by 50 percent or more. This will not only increase the storage capacity of the
tank, but will also minimize the volume of sludge that needs to be dewatered and the amount of polymer
needed for dewatering. Removing supernatant from the tank can thereby increase the solids
concentration in the cake, reduce the volume of sludge that needs to be transported for final disposal,
and generally reduce operating costs.
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The basic procedure to remove supernatant is to first shut off the blowers for about one (1) hour,
allowing the solids to settle in the tank. The discharge valve for decanting is then gradually opened to
skim the clarified liquid. It is important to carefully monitor this operation to not allow supernatant high
in suspended solids to be returned to the head of the plant. As soon as the decanting operation is
complete, the blowers should be restarted to minimize odors by minimizing the time the sludge spends
under anoxic/anaerobic conditions.
Transfer to Other Digesters Tanks 1 and 2 will be interconnected with Tanks 4 and 3A, respectively, by
modifying the supernatant draw-off piping located above the mid-level of the first tanks. When Tank 3B is
dewatered and the contents of the train that is full need to be transferred to Tank 3B to continue the
dewatering, sludge withdrawal from the bottom of the second tank will only draw the content of the first
tank up to the level where the supernatant draw off piping starts. From there on, the sludge remaining in
the first tank will also have to be pumped to Tank 3B utilizing the suction piping at the bottom of the
tank that will have to be connected to the suction of a transfer pump. For this, the appropriate valves
will have to be exercised to allow pumping of sludge from the first tank of a train to Tank 3B, which could
happen concurrently with the transfer of the content of a second tank.
Frequency
Primary Sludge
Daily
Secondary Sludge
Daily
Daily
Digester Supernatant
Monthly
Digester Supernatant
Daily
Monitor DO and adjust blower speed to maintain DO levels between 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L.
Monitor alkalinity and pH to ensure that no excessive loss of alkalinity occurs. Measured pH values
should range between 6.5 and 8.0 standard units.
When withdrawing supernatant, carefully monitor suspended solids content of the liquid.
The sludge level in the digester should be checked daily.
Below is a recommended routine operating checklist for the aerobic digesters:
1. Inspect the operation of the aeration system.
2. Check the inlet and outlet valves to be sure they are in the proper positions.
3. Check the DO content of each tank each day. Several locations within the tank should be
tested.
4. Sample the supernatant daily or monthly as appropriate.
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Pathogen Control: The aerobic digestion process is conducted by agitating the sewage sludge
with air or oxygen to maintain aerobic conditions for a specific MCRT at a specific temperature.
Values for the MCRT and temperature must be between 40 days at 20C (68F) and 60 days at
15C (59F), with a volatile solids reduction of at least 38 percent.
Note: Although not explicitly listed in the information posted by MDE for a SSU permit application,
under the federal regulations 40 CFR Part 503, an alternate way to demonstrate the pathogen
control requirement includes demonstrating that seven samples of treated residuals contain fecal
coliform densities of less than or equal to 2,000,000 CFU or MPN per gram total solids.
Vector Attraction Reduction: For aerobically digested sewage sludge, vector attraction reduction
is demonstrated either (i) when the percent volatile solids reduction during sewage sludge
treatment equals or exceeds 38%, or (ii) when the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) at 20C
(68F) is less than or equal to 1.5 mg of oxygen per hour per gram of total solids, or (iii) when
additional volatile solids reduction during bench-scale aerobic batch digestion for 30 additional
days at 20C (68F) is less than 15%.
Upon approval of the treated sewage sludge for land application, the WWTP must also comply with
Maryland specific requirements regarding annual reporting and associated fees. The WWTP is also held
liable to keep track and accurate records of the generated and utilized sewage sludge.
First, as demonstrated in Table 14-3, under current flow and treatment conditions, the time and
temperature requirement of 60 days at 15C (59F) is met and it is a matter of minor piping
modifications to demonstrate that the aerobic digesters produce Class B liquid sludge. Further
expanding on the MCRT and temperature requirement, USEPA also states that for staged operation
using two stages of approximately equal volume, the time required may be reduced to 70 percent of the
time required for single-stage aerobic digestion in a continuously mixed reactor. The same reduction is
recommended for batch operation or for more than two stages in series. Thus, the time required would
be reduced from 60 days to 42 days at 15C (59F). These reduced times are also more than sufficient
to achieve adequate vector attraction reduction. Once such performance is demonstrated, the process
would have to be operated at time-temperature conditions that match the conditions of the tests.
Under the proposed suspended growth biological treatment process the existing aerobic digestion
infrastructure will only allow to partially stabilize the sludge to produce dried biosolids of acceptable
handling quality. The plant will rely on the heat drying process to reduce pathogen and vector attraction
and meet Class AA or EQ standards.
14.7 Constructability
The proposed modifications as part of this upgrade include adding piping and valves to interconnect the
supernatant line of Tank 1 with the feed line of Tank 4 and the supernatant line of Tank 2 with the feed
line of Tank 3A. Even though the proposed pipeline runs are relatively short and of small diameter (8
inches, the digestion headhouse is congested with piping and the tie-ins will be challenging to
accomplish. Because the available record drawings for this area are not accurate, it is proposed during
design to survey the existing piping using three-dimensional scanning technology (LIDAR). The proposed
tie-ins will then be presented on three-dimension drawings. Piping modifications should be performed
first to the tanks consisting of one train, before the same is performed to the tanks of the other train, to
allow uninterrupted operation of the sludge storage and digestion process.
Installation of the aluminum covers on Tanks 1 and 2 and ductwork to a new package odor control
system should not present any problem to construct. If the telescoping valves are removed from the first
tanks there is no other equipment other than the air piping in and out that needs to penetrate the
proposed covers. The proposed slab for the odor control system will be constructed either between
Tanks 1 and 2 and the road to the north or in the area northwest of Tank 1. The only foreseeable issue
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may be related to the available area and the footprint occupied by the proposed odor control system. In
case that the two proposed locations cannot accommodate the proposed odor control system, the
system should be installed in the unoccupied area west of the solids handling building.
Extending the secondary sludge force main back to the primary clarifier distribution box to be able to
collect co-settled sludge from the underflow of the primary clarifiers can be done on a dry pipe by
exercising the appropriate isolation valves in the yard north of the old thickener and PC2 structures. The
proposed 8SSL pipeline should be tied into the 8PSL force main that already discharges into the PC
distribution box.
If it is elected to send secondary sludge straight to the aerobic digesters, provisions for mixing of
secondary sludge with primary sludge in the pipe are available since the primary and secondary sludge
force mains are already interconnected near the sludge tanks. It is a matter of opening and closing the
appropriate valves to be able to mix the two sludges together and divert them to the appropriate tank.
Even though transfer pumping to Tank 3B will not overlap between trains, to minimize the opening and
closing of valves, sludge transfer pump 3 will be dedicated to the western train (Train A) consisting of
Tanks 1 and 4, sludge transfer pump 1 or 2 will be dedicated to the eastern train (Train B) consisting of
Tanks 2 and 3A and the remaining sludge transfer pump will be standby.
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