Lecture Outlines

Quiz (2)
Power Losses in Induction Machines
Power Flow Diagram
Power Relations
Examples

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Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Quiz (2)
1. A 3-phase, 4-pole, 50 Hz induction motor runs at a
speed of 1440 rpm. The rotating field produced by the
rotor rotates at a speed of rpm with respect
to the rotor
a) 1500

b) 1440

c) 60

d) 0

2. In a 3-phase induction motor, the rotor field rotates at

synchronous speed with respect to
a) stator
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b) rotor

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c) stator flux
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d) none of them
Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Quiz (2)
3. Which of the following rotor quantity in induction motor
does not depend on its slip?
a) reactance
d) frequency

b) speed
c)
e) none of them

induced emf

4. A 3-phase, 6-pole, 50 Hz induction motor has a full load

speed of 950 rpm. At half load, its speed would be
rpm
a) 475
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b) 500

c) 975

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d) 1000

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Quiz (2)
5. A 3-phase, 8-pole, 60 Hz induction motor is driven at
1800 rpm by a prime mover in the opposite direction of
revolving magnetic field. The frequency of the rotor
current is
a) 60 Hz

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b) 120 Hz

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c) 180 Hz

d) none of them

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Power Losses in Induction Machines

Copper losses
Copper loss in the stator (Pcu1) = I12R1
Copper loss in the rotor (Pcu2) = I22R2

Core loss (Pcore)

Mechanical power loss due to friction and
windage

Tanta University

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Power Relations
Since the load resistance varies with the slip and the
slip adjusts itself to the mechanical load on the motor,
the power delivered to the load resistance is equivalent
to the power developed by the motor.
For a balanced 3-phase induction motor, the power
input is

Pin = 3V1I1cos( )

Where is the input power factor

Tanta University

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Power Relations
The total stator copper loss is

Pcu1 = 3 I R 1
2
1

The total core loss can be given by:

Pc = 3 I R c
2
c

The net power that is crossing the air gap is transported

to the rotor by electromagnetic induction is called the
air gap power
Tanta University

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Power Relations
The air-gap power is

Pag = Pin Pcu1 Pc

The air-gap power must also equal to the power
delivered to the hypothetical resistance. That is

Pag = 3 I R 2 s
2
2

The electrical power developed by the rotor is

Pcu2 = 3 I R 2 = s Pag
2
2

Tanta University

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Power Relations
The power developed by the motor is

Pd = Pag Pcu2
2
= 3I 2 R 2

(1 s ) s = (1 s ) Pag

The electromagnetic torque developed by the motor is

Td = Pd m = Pag s = 3 I R 2 s s
2
2

Tanta University

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Power Relations
From the previous power relations, the following
relation can be obtained

Pag : Pcu2 : Pd
1 : s : 1 s
Tanta University

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Power Relations
By subtracting the rotational power from the developed
power, the output power can be obtained

Pout = Pd - Prot
The per unit efficiency of the induction motor is then
given by:

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Pout
=
Pin

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Example (1)
A 480-V, 60 Hz, 50-hp, three phase induction motor is
drawing 60A at 0.85 PF lagging. The stator copper losses
are 2 kW, and the rotor copper losses are 700 W. The
friction and windage losses are 600 W, the core losses are
1800 W, and the stray losses are negligible. Find the
following quantities:
1.
2.
3.
4.

The air-gap power

The developed power
The output power
The efficiency of the motor

Tanta University

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering

Example (2)
A 460-V, 25-hp, 60 Hz, four-pole, Y-connected induction
motor has the following impedances in ohms per phase referred to
the stator circuit:
R1= 0.641 R2= 0.332
X1= 1.106 X2= 0.464 Xm= 26.3
The total rotational losses are 1100 W and are assumed to be
constant. The core loss is lumped in with the rotational losses. For
a rotor slip of 2.2 percent at the rated voltage and rated frequency,
find the motors
1.
2.
3.

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Speed
Stator current
Input Power factor

Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department

4. Developed and output power

5. Developed and load torque
6. Efficiency

EPM3215 Electrical Machines (3)

Dr. Said M. Allam

Faculty of Engineering