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Throughout history there have been countless contributions to the development of the
scientific and methodological basis, and to the same philosophy of Industrial Engineering.
However, it would be an extremely complex and almost impossible task, trying to relate all
the events to the same personalities or contributors.
In this space, we will mention some personalities which by their special contribution, the
validity of their approaches, their intellectual stature, vision, research and/or accurate
prediction are considered precursors of Industrial Engineering.
FREDERICK W. TAYLOR
The name Taylor is associated with Engineering Methods, and other activities. The man
generally regarded as the father of Scientific Management and Industrial Engineering is
Frederick W. Taylor (1856-1915). Taylor was an American mechanical engineer, who early
in his career in the steel industry, started researches about the best methods of working.
He was the first specialist who developed an integrated theory, about principles and the
Direction theory.
The main contributions of Taylor related to Industrial Engineering are:
Determination of scientific work standards (Study Movement, temporary times and
standardization of tools).
Differential premiums system part.
Functional Command.
The "mental revolution" which Taylor described as a precedent for the establishment of
the "Scientific Management".
Principles: Discipline, devotion to work and saving.
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's husbands are identified with the development of the study of
movement, this American couple came to the adaptation of the methods of industrial
engineering at home and similar environments, as well as the psychological aspects of
human behavior.
In the early 1900s they collaborated in developing the study of the movements as a
technical engineering and management. Frank Gilbreth was very interested, until his death
in 1924, by the relationship between the position and human effort. He and his wife
continued their study and analysis of movements in other fields and were pioneers of the
films for the study of movement of workers and tasks. Frank Gilbreth developed the study
of micro movements, work breakdown in fundamental elements called therbligs.
His contributions have been in the areas of great assistance to the disabled, concessions
fatigue studies, home organization and similar matters.
Principles: Human Factor rating.
HENRY L. GANTT
vertical the different functions are recorded, the which are represented by horizontal bars,
indicating the different times that each application.
Principles: Humanist Vision (Shocked by its communist tendency).
HARRINGTON EMERSON
Among the main contributions of this American industrial engineer is the Emerson Plan of
premiums, an incentive plan that guarantees a daily base floor and a range of premium (or
extra payment) graded. The twelve principles of efficiency Emerson are:
1) Ideals clearly defined
2) Common Sense
3) Relevant Council
4) Discipline
5) Honesty
6) Reliable, immediate and adequate records
7) Distribution of work orders
8) Standards and Programs
9) Standard conditions
10) Standard Operations
11) Instructions written practice standards
12) Efficiency Awards
One of the main features of his 12 principles of efficiency are the term thereof.