So let us now consider the second of the five new resources: glass.

This second
resource is new and a "super-material"

only because it holds such amazing means in

modern life for awakened sensibilities. It amounts to a new qualification of life in itself.
If known in ancient times glass would then and there have abolished

the ancient

glass as we now use it is

a miracle. Air in air to keep air out or keep it in. Light itself in light, to diffuse or reflect,
or refract light itself.
By means of glass, then, the first great integrity may find prime means of
realization. Open reaches of the ground may enter as the building and the building
interior may reach out and associate with these vistas of the ground. Ground and
building will thus become more and more obvious as directly related to each other in
openness and intimacy;notonlyas environmentbut alsoas a good pattern forthe good
life lived in the building. Realizing the benefits to human life of the far-reaching
implications and effects of the first great integrity: let us call it the interior-space
concept. This space interior realization is possible and it is desirable in all the vast
variety of characteristic buildings needed by civilized life in our complex age.
By meansof glass somethingof the freedomof our arborealancestorsliving in their
trees becomes a likelyprecedentfor freedomin twentiethcenturylife,than the cave.
Savage animals "holing in" for protection were more characteristic of life based
upon the might of feudal times or based upon the so-called "classical" in architecture
which were in turn based upon the labor of the chattel slave. Ina free country, were we
ourselves free by way of organic thought buildings might come out intothe lightwithout
more animal fear; come entirely away from the pagan ideals of form we dote upon as
"Classic." Or what Freedom have we?
Perhaps more important than all beside, it is by way of glass that the sunlit space
as a reality becomes the most useful servant of a higher order of the human spirit. It is
first aid to the sense of cleanliness of form and idea when directly related to free living
in air and sunlight. It is this that is coming in the new architecture. And with the integral
character of extended vistas gained by marrying buildings with ground levels, or
blending them with slopes and gardens; yes, it is in this new sense of earth as a great
human good that we will move forward in the building of our new homes and great
public buildings.
I am certain we will desire the sun, spaciousness, and integrity of means-to-ends
more year by year as we become aware of the possibilities I have outlined. The more
we desire the sun, the more we will desire the freedom of the good ground and the
sooner we will learn to understand it. The more we value integrity, the more securely
we will find and keep a worthwhile civilization to set against prevalent abuse and ruin.
Congestion will no longer encourage the "space-makers for rent." The "spacemaker for rent" will himself be "for rent" or let us hope "vacant." Give him ten years.
These new space values are entering into our ideas of life. All are appropriate to
the ideal that is our own, the ideal we call Democracy.
architecture we know, and completely. This super-material

A new reality: glass

A resource to liberate this new sense of interiorspace as realityis this new qualification
called glass: a super-material qualified to qualify us; qualify us not only to escape from
the prettified cavern of our present domestic life as also from the cave of our past, but
competent actually to awaken in us the desire for such far-reaching simplicities of life
as we may see in the clear countenance of nature. Good building must ever be seen
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