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DESCRIPTION

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This document is property of Eni S.p.A. Exploration & Production Division.
It shall neither be shown to Third Parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.

06/2005
DATE

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Total Number of pages 16

June 2005
This document completely replaces specification N. 27579 VAR.CIV.FUN

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GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................................................8
BENCHMARKS ........................................................................................................................9
SURVEY BY TRAVERSES/TRIANGULATIONS ...................................................................10
SURVEY WITH GPS SYSTEM..............................................................................................10


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FILE FORMAT .......................................................................................................................11
CARTOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................................13
FINAL REPORT .....................................................................................................................14

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This general specification aims at defining the equipments, instruments and procedures for
a topographic survey to be performed in the land area. For detail information regarding the
areas to be investigated, maps, plant layout, etc. the Contractor shall refer to separate
documents specifically prepared for the investigation to be carried out.
Scope of work of the Contractor is to collect detail information about topography
(morphology and existing works) of the involved areas.
The survey shall be carried out by the Contractor using suitable equipment, instruments
and all necessary acquisition/processing facilities.
The Contractor, before starting any mobilisation, shall provide details of all equipment and
instrumentation, to fulfil the requirements of this specification.
A team of experienced, qualified personnel shall to perform the required activities.
The extent of work may be subjected to modifications during the survey period at the
request of the Employer Representative.
Nothing in this specification shall relieve the Contractor of his responsibility to comply with
good survey practice and to follow the manufacturers recommended procedures.


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ORIGINAL DATA:
the raw data as collected during the survey

WORK DATA:
the data decoded, corrected, validated, processed, etc. directly in site, according to
the requests described in this specification, to satisfy the scope of work

FINAL DATA :
the work data edited after the end of the survey in their final form according to the
requests described in this specification

D.A.S.:
the Data Acquisition System; i.e. all the transducers, antennas, cables, connectors,
interfaces, computer with peripheral facilities, software and any other equipment to
be installed in site to collect, decode, correct, pre-process and store the data
gathered by the instruments described in this specification

D.P.S.:
the Data Processing System, consisting of a computer with peripherals and of
adequate software to be installed in site or in the Contractors office in the site, to
process the data gathered by D.A.S.

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Contractor shall be aware of the conditions of the survey area as they influence the choice
of a proper equipment/instrumentation, logistic, time schedule and relationship with Local
Authorities .
Before start of works on site, the Contractor shall issue and deliver to the Employer detailed
Work Operative Procedure covering every phase of works from permits request to delivery
of final report, to be evaluated and approved by the Employer.
The Work Operative procedure shall include, as minimum:
Survey methods;
Contractors organisation;
List of means of transport with identification data;
List of instruments and equipment;
List of specialised personnel to be employed for the work and career profile of

responsible positions (i.e. surveyors co-ordinator of activities);

List of the computer programs with releases that Contractor intends to use for the work.

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The general requirements for instrument and personnel are described in the following.
a) The instrumentation used for the survey shall have the following general characteristics:
-

reliability: the instruments to be used shall be widely proven and tested, in order to
ensure adequate measurements;
accuracy: the instruments shall offer an adequate level of accuracy in compliance
with the scope of survey.

b) Qualified personnel shall be used by the Contractor, taken into account the need to
perform also processing, data quality control and interpretation directly on site.
Consequently the Contractor shall mobilize as minimum for each site campaign:

a party chief having at least 10 years relevant experience;

a senior surveyor with at least 5 years relevant experience;

A technician with at least 3 years of relevant experience in use of all the

instruments foreseen in this specification.

c) All documents, reports, correspondence, mapping and drawings text shall be in the
English language; dimensions, elevations and units shall be according to S.I. system
(metric units).
d) Drawings shall be prepared using Autocad program and other documents using MS
Word/Excel programs. All documentation shall be delivered in the form of a hard copy
and electronic file.

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To perform the work, the Contractor shall use modern survey instruments and equipment,
such as total station, electronic distance measuring instruments, theodolite and GPS
equipment.
The topographic survey shall be carried out on the basis of a network, suitable to represent
the site. Normally, the distance between adjacent points shall be in the range of 10 m. All
features of the ground shall be also surveyed to define the actual ground topography.
The orientation and positioning of the surveys in the concerned area shall be connected to
the national geodetic system.
For each road, building, hydraulic or equivalent work, overhead and buried networks,
watercourses, boundaries, etc. included in the area, the following particular characteristics
shall be surveyed, in order to show all significant natural and manmade features within the
limits of mapping:

a)

Existing buildings
- Above ground dimensions.

b)

Roads in general
- Dimensions of the roadway;
- Typical sections;
- Dimensions of road works, if any (e.g. bridges, culverts, etc.);
- Elevations of the roadway centre lines.

c)

Networks in general
- Indication of the network type (overhead or buried);
- Surveyable dimensions including pits;
- Use (e.g. water, gas and oil pipeline, low or high voltage electric lines,
telephone lines, lighting, etc.).

d)

Watercourses and sewer headers

- Characteristic sections (at each change of wet section) including pits;
- Level of the water surface at the surveying date;
- Possible maximum level surveyable on the banks.

e)

Slopes, walls, embankments, etc.

- Elevations of the upper and lower edges.

f)

Woods
- Limits of woodIand areas or areas planted with trees.

g)

Various
- Walls, fences, etc.

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Since the intersections of main traverses or triangulations - which are within the area to be
surveyed - are permanent benchmarks, they shall be identified by concrete monuments
with a side or diameter of 0.30 m, with a height of 1 m and projecting from the existing
ground level by about 0.40 m.
The monuments shall be clearly marked with a letter or number in indelible red visible from
each side, and have a brass plate fixed on top, on which following data shall be engraved
with a punch or similar: station point, identification number or letter, absolute elevation
referred to the MSL and value of the co-ordinates referred to national geodetic system.
The Contractor shall install at least the necessary benchmarks for each investigated area.
In the event of presence of works already built, it will be possible to establish benchmarks
using the existing fixed references (structures, buildings, major process equipment such as
columns, etc.).
The survey shall also indicate any reference benchmarks or other benchmarks of
topographic work performed on the area to be surveyed.

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Field surveys shall be developed by resolving traverses and triangulations and determining
co-ordinates and elevations.
Instruments and complementary tools used for the measurement of angles, distances and
differences in height shall be adequate for obtaining the required tolerances and with
certified calibration.
The following tolerances values shall not be exceeded (gon=centesimal degree):
a) Tolerance for measuring angles:
Ta = 0,01 gon
b) Tolerance for measuring distances in traverse sides (max. length 900 m) and in the
triangulation base:
Ts =

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c) Tolerance for angular closing of traverses:

Tca = 0,03 QJRQ
where n = number of the traverse vertices
d) Tolerance for linear closing of traverses:
Tcs = 0,01 /P
where L = total length of the traverse in m
e) Tolerance for triangulations:
Tcat = 0,020 (gon)
f) Tolerance for levelling:
Tl = 0,018 'P
where D = levelling length in km
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The positioning shall be carried out on the basis of the ellipsoid WGS84 and the Contractor
shall provide transformation algorithms from co-ordinates WGS84 (used by GPS system) to
the local reference.
The accuracy in the execution of the survey shall be 10 mm, unless otherwise agreed
with the Contractor.

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In this section the general requirements for reporting and delivery of data are listed.

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The recommended structure of a digital terrain model file is given here below (see
following figure 1 for reference).
The Contractor shall submit any request for the utilisation of a different file format to the
Employer, for approval.
Coordinated shall be referred to national geodetic system.
Structure of a digital terrain model file:

First record:
- Title
Second record:
- Number (Nx) of nodes in x
- Number (Ny) of nodes in y
- Lower limit Xmin of the map (cm)
- Lower limit Ymin of the map (cm)
- Upper limit Xmax of the map (cm)
- Upper limit Ymax of the map (cm)
- Dimension (DX) of grid in x (cm)
- Dimension (DY) of grid in y (cm)
Third record:
- East co-ordinate (Eo) of the origin (m)
- North co-ordinate (No) of the origin (m)
- Orientation angle () of the local system in reference with the absolute system (degree)
Fourth record:
- Node number
- X (m)
- Y (m)
- Z (m)
Fifteen (15) days before the mobilisation, The Contractor shall send to the Employer a file
containing an example of a Digital Terrain Model file (to check the suitability of the file
format and the compatibility of the file with the Employer routing programs).

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NODE
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The cartography shall be delivered in the following form and scales:

Map 1:500 scale (or a different scale required by the Employer) both paper
and electronic (Autocad) format;
floppy disks containing DTM data.

The following shall be clearly identified on the map:

Contour lines with an equidistance not exceeding 0.5 m (or a different

value adequate to the plotting scale);
Works/structures and their identification;
Identification of characteristics points;
Grid corresponding to local reference system and national geodetic grid

lf several maps are produced, a key plan to a suitable scale shall be prepared.
For each typology of element to be represented, namely the contour lines and spot
elevations together with their labels, and for all the graphic elements not necessary for the
building up of the digital model of the ground, different levels shall be used. The main
elements that must be represented on separate levels are listed hereunder:

General notes and legend;

Land boundary;
Detailed descriptions and reference drawing;
North;
Buildings;
Roads passageways;
Fencing;
Plants;
Piping;
Electrical network and cables;
Details;
Benchmarks.

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On the conclusion of the survey and after the data processing and interpretation phases,
the Contractor shall prepare a well structured, comprehensive final report.
In particular, the final report shall consist of:
1)

SCOPE OF WORK

2)

CONTRACTUAL REFERENCES

3)

SUMMARY OF RESULTS

4)

METHODOLOGY

Introduction
Analysis of existing data and assessment of profiles
Topographic survey
Data acquisition

5)

WORK ORGANIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT

6)

INSTRUMENTS DESCRIPTION

Technical characteristics and operating parameters relative to the used instrumentation

7)

GEODETIC PARAMETERS

8)

CALIBRATION OF INSTRUMENTS

9)

Detailed description of the procedure and results of all calibrations, tests,

etc. performed in the test area
GPS methods and results
Used software description
PROCESSING, ANALYSIS AND QUALITY CONTROL OF DATA

Detailed description of data validation procedures and processing operations performed

10) RESULTS
Description of the survey results, with highlighting of particular findings, extracts of records
are to be included to support discussions
11) CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
12) ANNEXES

List of Personnel
List of instruments
Daily log
Monographies and locations of positioning stations
Figures
Photographs
Tables
All magnetic support as defined in previous section
All cartography as defined in previous section

A preliminary issue of the technical report shall be submitted to the Employer for approval,
within 3 weeks of the date of completion of the field work. This report shall be sent both on
paper and on CD-ROM in Microsoft Word/Autocad format.

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The Employer shall send his comments and/or approval in writing within two weeks of the
receipt of the report and shall agree on the modifications, if any, together with the
Contractor.
The final technical report shall be submitted to the Employer in the two following weeks.
The Contractor shall deliver the final report on a CD-ROM in Microsoft Word/Autocad
format together with a No. 3 paper copies.

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Contractors responsibilities will concern in particular:

All the working permits and authorisations;

Quality and accuracy of gathered data;

Procurement of good-quality and reliable equipment including the spareparts;

Procurement of necessary equipment, consumables and qualified personnel;

On site restitution processing and interpretation of collected data;

Reporting of results on site;

Final interpretation of results and preparation of the technical report.