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INTRODUCTION

The progress and prosperity of country is strongly linked to the equality of education as the education plays
an important role for achieving the nation objective of social and political integration increased Productivity,
accelerated modernization and higher standard of life for all. Education makes us realize our duties towards
society and not become self centered.
Education sharpens the intellect, improves grasping power and develops the faculty of discrimination and
thus protects us from falling into error.
In the hierarchy of education there are three levelsFirst level- This level is to elementary education, which makes a person literate.
Second level Which forms the base for higher Education.
Third level- Which imparts the higher education.
The technical Institute comes under this category and is the foundation stone of the industry and commerce.
Technical institute have various streams, engineering colleges being one of the major one .these colleges
provide facilities so as to appropriate skills suitable for a rapidly changing scenario and produce a highly
competitive and professional engineers who are required for the economic growth and prosperity of the
country.

What is Education?
Education is defined as systematic instruction for the development of character and mental powers. It is a
mean to acquire knowledge in order to meet a person need as an individual and as a member of the society.
It is three fold process of

Imparting Knowledge
Developing Skills
Including proper interest, attitude and value

Education is the development of the

Head- Logic and Mental facilities


Heart- Emotional maturity
Hands- Skill and creativity

Why Education is important?


Education is an integral component of the skills training which will not only produce a pool of well
educated, skilled and highly motivated workers, but also produce citizens with high moral values and ethical
values.
Education impacts on human development and economic growth, and it is a fundamental requirement for
democracy.
Thus education is important for the :
National Progress
Accelerated Modernization
Increase productivity
Strengthen the national , social and political integration
Creating the source of the common citizenship and culture
Cultivation of moral and spiritual values
Higher standard of living for all

Architecture of Education
Indian Education history can be traced back to the Aryans who entered into the country around 1000 B.C.
there was no literature in the early time and knowledge was handed down to the generation by the words.
In the earlier time there was a Caste system in the society and only Brahmins and the Kings were entitled to
formal education. The Brahmins Education was based on the myths, legends, speculation and Arguments.
Around 500 B.C Vedic schools started under Brahmins control. Adi shankracharya set up a few peeths all
over India for Vedic learning and imparting rich knowledge of Vedas, Upanishads and emphasis was laid on
memorization, concentration , grammatical accuracy and Pronunciation.
Thus Brahmins started the Gurukul system. In this case the child was required to go and live with his teacher
in the ashram at an early age. During the training period, the pupil could visit home but his parents visit now
and then.
The teachers ashram set in the midst of the nature as in jungle away from the town life. The pupil was
required to serve the teacher and work in the ashram during this time of gaining Education.
The teaching was mainly religious and philosophical. Mathematics was also taught to facilitate the
accounting. The Mughals, especially Akbar, made Muslims education in India. His ideas in Education were
quite progressive. He realized that progress can be achieved only if the pupils learnt to think and solve their
own problem.
Buddhists have their own Shanghais and Monasteries, which developed into an education Institution.

What is an Educational Building?


Any building used for school, college or day care purposes for more than 8 hours per week involving
assembly for instruction, Education or recreation. This educational building becomes institutional building
when it provides accommodation for the users.
Types of educational building

Schools
Colleges
Universities

SchoolsSchools can be divided mainly in three types as per our current education system running in the
country.
Primary schools:
Where the child used to learn the basic of education.
Higher school:
Here the child used to learn the different subject and their role in life.
Senior secondary:
At this stage the students become matured and he used to think about his carrier and study the
subjects in which field he has to make his carrier.

Colleges:
These have various categories depending upon the field:

Art colleges:
In these colleges the studies of art subjects takes place. E.g.- Hindi, English ,history,
geography, pol. Science, etc.
Science colleges:
In these colleges studies relating to the science are given and courses offered generally are
physics, chemistry, biology, food technology, bio medical, instrumentation, computer
science.
Engineering colleges
Here the study relating to the engineering is given. It includes various streams.

UniversitiesThe universities offer the higher studies as master degrees in various streams. Master degrees of
management, computer, and business managements. A lot of courses offered by the universities. In short the
group various academic sectors are called university.

What is a College?
A College means a body of colleagues with common communities and privileges. It is more or less a singly
unified community of individuals of the different experiences and culture living together to assimilate
knowledge, improve skills, and develop character.
It is an academic institution in which instruction, research and student life is integrated in so as far as
possible. This implies a single administrative unit that brings together many academic disciplines into an
environment.

Role of CollegeThe main aim of the college is to provide quality education and to lift the standards of the students and the
society through good education system.
What is technical education?
Vocational education prepares learners for careers or professions that are traditionally non-academic and
directly related to a specific trade, occupation, or vocation, hence the term in which the learner participates.
It sometimes referred to technical education, as the learner directly specializes in a particular narrow
technique of using technology. Various fields belong to the education are engineering Technology,
Architecture, Pharmacy etc.

Need of technical EducationDue to the rapid development of science and technology key learning centers in the post industrial scenario
has been identified as universities and institutions of research rather than the industrial or commercial
enterprises.
As institutive enters to the specific and the psychological needs of the users for a specified time period of the
day and unlike community spaces it is non-commercial and primarily comfortable place away from the
normal busy and noisy world so that the purpose of being it is justified.
Institute is an organized body of scientific and other aims. An institution some definite aims by virtue of
which it are beneficial to the society.

Present Scenario of Technical Education In IndiaIndia is committed to providing basic education to its citizens, the framework of which is defined in the
national policy on education. Elementary education is now compulsory in India. There are various
scholarships offered by the government to encourage education.
The government has been encouraging adult education day by day. Technical education in India is regarded
as one of the best in the world. Every year, India makes a good number of engineers. Primers among the
training institutes offering technical education are the Indian institute of technology, Indian institute of
science, regional engineering colleges, school of planning and architecture, and the international centre for
science and technology. Among the various schemes which encourage technical education.

Architecture; accordingly is not just a decorative skin to


be draped over an armature devised by developers and
space planners. It is a process of integrating aesthetic,
structural, social and environmental factors into an
organic whole.

LIBRARY STUDY:
AICTE NORMS
DATA FROM STANDARD
ENERGY EFFICIENT
TECHNIQUE

Architecture with a Conscience is called with many names

Eco-friendly Architecture
Organic Architecture
Sustainable Architecture
Social Responsibility Architecture
Architecture for Humanity
Green Architecture

Architecture can be humble, stylish and 'green' all at once.


GREEN ARCHITECTURE

It is the term used to describe the economical, energy saving, environmentally friendly, and
sustainable development.
Green architecture is becoming increasingly main stream with the lots of eco- friendly architectural
innovations and simple-of the self construction products to help green living.
Green architecture seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by enhancing
efficiency and moderation in the use of the materials, energy and development space.
An eco-friendly space requires planning as much as commitment towards a better future.

PRINCIPLES OF GREEN ARCHITECTUREPrinciples of green architecture- energy efficiency

Design passive solar energy facilities use energy efficient appliances, solar panels and heat pumps
technology.
Use of computer sensors controlled energy saving devices; like automatic dimmers for lighting and
occupancy sensors to adjust air-conditioning automatically.
Centralise plumbing, insulate cold/hot water piping.
Using energy saving lighting like CFL.
Install monitor power management software.
Use of low power computers.

Principles of green architecture- water conservation

Collect rain water for external use


Use of low water conserving appliances including toilets, taps.eg.-water saving dual flash tanks.

Principles of green architecture-low environmental impact

Including water permeable landscape features.


Enhance native bush
Establish home recycling bins and garden compositing.

Principles of green architecture-building materials

Wood
Select low volatile organic compounds (voc) and toxic free paints, finishes and adhesives.
Use material that permits the building membrane to breathe.
Apply natural floor surfaces such as tile, timber and linoleum.
Use inert gypsum- based wall and ceiling linings.
Rapidly renewable materials such as straw, bamboo and wood.

Eco-friendly buildings with energy efficient doors and windows, herbal gardens, rainwater harvesting and
solar heating are now as fashionable as they are affordable.

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Green buildings
Green building is the practice of increasing the efficiency with which buildings use resources energy,
water, and materials while reducing building impacts on human health and the environment during the
building's lifecycle, through better sitting, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and removal.

Green buildings are designed to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the
natural environment by:

Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources.


Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity
Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation.

What makes the building the green?

Orientation
Double glazed window
Window overhangs
Thermal storage walls/roof
Roof painting
Ventilation
Day lightning
Construction material
Active solar thermal and photovoltaic systems can also be incorporated.

What is Eco Friendly Construction?


Eco-friendly, or ecological, construction is building a structure that is beneficial or non-harmful to the
environment, and resource efficient. Otherwise known as green building, this type of construction is
efficient in its use of local and renewable materials, and in the energy required to build it, and the energy
generated while being within it.
Eco-friendly construction has developed in response to the knowledge that buildings have an often negative
impact upon our environment and our natural resources. This includes transporting materials hundreds or
thousands of miles, which has a negative impact in the energy required to transport them, and also in
emissions of hazardous chemicals from a poorly designed building that creates, and traps them.

Sustainable floor
Sustainable flooring is produced from sustainable materials (and by a sustainable process) that reduces
demands on ecosystems during its life-cycle. This includes harvest, production, use and disposal. It is
thought that sustainable flooring creates safer and healthier buildings and guarantees a future for traditional
producers of renewable resources that many communities depend on. Several initiatives have led the charge
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to bring awareness of sustainable flooring as well as and healthy buildings (air quality).Below are examples
of available, though sometimes less well-known, eco-friendly flooring options.

Energy conscious architectureIt includes the following

Use of solar passive concepts including daylight features in building design and operations.
Use of eco- friendly and less energy intensive building materials.
Integration of renewable energy technologies.
Use of energy efficient appliances.
Conservation of water/ waste water recycling/ rain water harvesting.

In passive solar building design, windows, walls, and floors are made to collect, store, and distribute solar
energy in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar heat in the summer. This is called passive solar
design or climatic design because, unlike active solar heating systems, it doesn't involve the use of
mechanical and electrical devices.
To designing a passive solar building is to best take advantage of the local climate. Elements to be
considered include window placement and glazing type, thermal insulation, thermal mass, and shading.
Passive solar design techniques can be applied most easily to new buildings.

Solar Passive Architecture involves blending architectural principles and solar energy to fashion
interiors which remain warm in winter and cool in summer - year-round comfortable indoor
environment.

Best Implementation of solar passive architecture takes place at the building design stage.
Retroactive designing is possible but involves more expense and labor whereas designing a building
with solar passive architecture as the basis makes for a better created environmentally and
aesthetically pleasing workspace

A house cooled/heated with solar passive architecture not only provides a comfortable environment
the year round but also saves a lot in energy bills.

What is energy efficiency?

Energy efficiency is "using less energy to provide the same service".


There are other definitions, but this is a good operational one.
Energy efficiency is not energy conservation.
Energy conservation is reducing or going without a service to save energy.

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For example: Turning off a light is energy conservation. Replacing an incandescent lamp with a
compact fluorescent lamp (which uses much less energy to produce the same amount of light) is
energy efficiency.
Both efficiency and conservation can reduce greenhouse gas emissions
A buildings location and surroundings play a key role in regulating its temperature and illumination.
For example, trees, landscaping, and hills can provide shade and block wind. In cooler climates,
designing buildings with south-facing windows increases the amount of sun (ultimately heat energy)
entering the building, minimizing energy use, by maximizing passive solar heating. Tight building
design, including energy-efficient windows, well-sealed doors, and additional thermal insulation of
walls, basement slabs, and foundations can reduce heat loss by 25 to 50 percent.
Dark roofs may become up to 39 C (70 F) hotter than the most reflective white surfaces, and they
transmit some of this additional heat inside the building.
Proper placement of windows and skylights as well as the use of architectural features that reflect
light into a building can reduce the need for artificial lighting. Increased use of natural and task
lighting has been shown by one study to increase productivity in schools and offices. Compact
fluorescent lights use two-thirds less energy and may last 6 to 10 times longer than incandescent light
bulbs. Newer fluorescent lights produce a natural light, and in most applications they are cost
effective, despite their higher initial cost, with payback periods as low as a few months.
The choice of which space heating or cooling technology to use in buildings can have a significant
impact on energy use and efficiency.
A term relevant for efficient energy use is energy use intensity, which is defined as energy
consumption per floor area.

The concept of sustainable building incorporates and integrates a variety of strategies during the design,
construction and operation of building projects. The use of green building materials and products represents
one important strategy in the design of a building.
Green building materials offer specific benefits to the building owner and building occupants:

Reduced maintenance/replacement costs over the life of the building.


Energy conservation.
Improved occupant health and productivity.
Lower costs associated with changing space configurations.
Greater design flexibility.

Resource Efficiency can be accomplished by utilizing materials that meet the following criteria:
Recycled Content: Products with identifiable recycled content, including postindustrial content with
a preference for postconsumer content.

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Natural, plentiful or renewable: Materials harvested from sustainably managed sources and
preferably have an independent certification (e.g., certified wood) and are certified by an independent
third party.
Resource efficient manufacturing process: Products manufactured with resource-efficient
processes including reducing energy consumption, minimizing waste (recycled, recyclable and or source
reduced product packaging), and reducing greenhouse gases.
Locally available: Building materials, components, and systems found locally or regionally saving
energy and resources in transportation to the project site.
Salvaged, refurbished, or remanufactured: Includes saving a material from disposal and
renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the appearance, performance, quality,
functionality, or value of a product.
Reusable or recyclable: Select materials that can be easily dismantled and reused or recycled at the
end of their useful life.
Recycled or recyclable product packaging: Products enclosed in recycled content or recyclable
packaging.
Durable: Materials that are longer lasting or are comparable to conventional products with long life
expectancies.

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is enhanced by utilizing materials that meet the following criteria:
Low or non-toxic: Materials that emit few or no carcinogens, reproductive toxicants, or irritants as
demonstrated by the manufacturer through appropriate testing.
Minimal chemical emissions: Products that have minimal emissions of Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOCs). Products that also maximize resource and energy efficiency while reducing
chemical emissions.
Low-VOC assembly: Materials installed with minimal VOC-producing compounds, or no-VOC
mechanical attachment methods and minimal hazards.
Moisture resistant: Products and systems that resist moisture or inhibit the growth of biological
contaminants in buildings.
Healthfully maintained: Materials, components, and systems that require only simple, non-toxic, or
low-VOC methods of cleaning.
Systems or equipment: Products that promote healthy IAQ by identifying indoor air pollutants or
enhancing the air quality.

Vegetation and Grounds Management


Vegetation is the natural extension of the soil ecosystem on a site. It can provide summer shade, wind
protection, and a low-maintenance landscape that is adapted to the local environment. Unfortunately, the
common practice is to remove the existing landscape cover and replace with a generic, water and
maintenance-intensive lawn.

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Earth Berming
This technique is used both for passive cooling as well as heating of buildings, a feat which is made possible
by the earth acting as a massive heat sink. Summer as well as winter variations die out rapidly with
increasing depth from the earth's surface. This temperature at a depth of a few meters remains almost stable
throughout the year. Thus, the underground or partially sunk buildings would provide both cooling (in the
summer) and heating (in the winter) to the living space. Besides, load fluctuations are reduced by the
addition of earth mass to the thermal mass of the building. The infiltration of air from outside is reduced.
The earth sheltered structure has to be heavier and stronger to withstand the load of the earth and the
vegetation above. Besides, it should be suitably waterproofed and insulated to avoid ground moisture.
Additional heating, if required, can be provided by means of direct gain through windows near the roof
projecting above the ground. Similarly, additional cooling if required can be provided by circulating air
through ducts built underground (where the temperature is low). The same ducts can provide some degree of
preheating for the fresh outside air during the cold periods.
If solar overheating is a problem, as in tropical climates, there are four methods available for reduction of
solar heat gain through the windows:

Orientation & Window Size


Internal Blinds / Curtains
Special glasses
External Shading Devices

External Shading Devices


In the tropical climates, the designer should keep the solar radiation off the opaque solid elements of the
building's envelope where possible. Special care should be taken to shade the windows to reduce the
incoming heat and the risk of overheating.

Shading Design
The design of shading devices can be quite complex. Computer programs exist to accurately shape shades
for very specific purposes. However, in their absence, and with a little understanding of the mechanics of
sun position and sun-path diagrams, manual methods can be used.
External shading devices are preferable and more effective than internal ones. This includes devices fixed to
the outside of the window or attached to building envelope. Among the operable units are louvers made of
wood or metal, exterior venetian blinds, shutters, awnings and fixed or movable overhangs.
As you should know from your own personal experience, the most important characteristic of solar position
is its seasonal variation. At the height of summer in the southern-hemisphere the sun rises slightly south-east
and sets slightly south-west. In winter it rises slightly north east and sets slightly north-west. It also rises
much earlier and sets much later in summer than in winter. In the northern hemisphere, north and south are
reversed.

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The aim of good shading design is to utilise these characteristics to best advantage, usually complete
exclusion in summer and maximum exposure in winter.

Rules of the thumb


Shading devices should be selected according to the orientation of the window. Whilst some orientations are
easy to shade, others are much more difficult as the sun can shine almost straight in at times. The table
below indicates the most appropriate type of shading device to use for each orientation in the southern
hemisphere. These are guidelines and, of course, there are many variations to these basic types.
Orientation

Effective Shading

North (equator-facing) Fixed horizontal device


East or West

Vertical device/louvres (moveable)

South (pole-facing)

Not required

Shadow Angles
When attempting to shade a window, the absolute azimuth and altitude of the Sun are not as important as the
horizontal and vertical shadow angles relative to the window plane. These can be calculated for any time if
the azimuth and altitude of the Sun are known.

Horizontal Shadow Angle (HSA)


This is the horizontal angle between the normal of the window pane or the wall surface and the current Sun
azimuth. The normal to a surface is basically the direction that surface is facing its orientation. If the
orientation is known,
HSA is given by:
HSA = azimuth orientation

Vertical Shadow Angle (VSA)


The vertical shadow angle is more difficult to describe. It is best explained as the angle a plane containing
the bottom two points of the wall/window and the centre of the Sun, makes with the ground when measured
normal to the surface. It is therefore given by:
VSA = atan(tan(altitude) / cos(HSA))

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It is the VSA that determines the depth of the required shade. The diagram more adequately describes the
derivation of the VSA

Design of Openings
For the designer who wishes to use solar energy in buildings but at the same time avoid summer
overheating, the orientation of the building is the most important consideration.

South Orientation
South openings can be used as solar radiation collectors during winter, and by using the appropriate shading
device direct radiation can be avoided during summer.
The benefits from the south orientation are the following:
Better distribution of solar gains through the day than to other orientations.
Energy savings in heating.
Less risk of overheating than East and West orientation in summer.
Simple horizontal sun-shading devices, (overhangs, balconies) are effective.
The thermal solar gains are enough to cover the limited thermal load during spring and autumn, in regions
with a mild climate, thus shortening the heating period.
A proper arrangement of interior spaces improves the efficiency of the building.
If the size of the windows is increased the insulation of the envelope should be reinforced in order to
conserve thermal solar gains to the building.
Avoid planting evergreen trees or anything else that would cause overshadowing in the front of the building

North Orientation
North openings provide better quality of lighting to a space because they only allow diffused light and not
direct. They are more useful during summer, but they should be of a limited size because otherwise they
cause high thermal losses during winter.
The following best practice guidelines are valid for north oriented buildings and facades:
The openings' surface area should be kept as large as it is necessary for lighting and natural ventilation
purposes.

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The insulation of the building's envelope should be increased by 25% compared to the usual standard, in
order to reach the level of energy consumption of a building with south orientation.
Use of double or special insulated glass panes is recommended.

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A.I.C.T.E. NORMS-

All India council for technical education has been established under the act 1987 with a view of proper
planning and coordinated development of the technical education system throughout the country. The
promotion of the qualitative improvement of such education in relation to the planned quantitative growth
and the regulation of norms and standards are matters concerned there with. So for the periodic view ,
A.I.C.T.E. norms has laid down certain norms to be followed by all engineering institutions in the country.
The norms regulated the infrastructure facilities areStaff normsAn engineering institute shall have the staff as given below

Principal and teaching faculty


Workshop staff
Laboratory staff
Technical supporting staff
Library and computer centre staff
Administrative staff
Maintenance staff
Other miscellaneous staff

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Faculty structureThe faculty structure should be a follows

Lecture/ senior lecturer/ senior lecture


Assistant professor/ reader
Professor
Principal

The knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values of staff are aspects which greatly contribute to their own
individual effectiveness as well as to the institutional performance. In addition to norms or pattern and
structure of staff guidelines should also emphasize on the process of the recruitment, development as well as
appraisal.
The norms here in stipulated are primarily for an engineering institution with an intake of 180 to 240
students annually. These norms will have to be modified for various programmes offered by specific
institution
The faculty structure will be based on the norms as given below-

STUDENT TEACHER RATIOThe student staff ratio depends upon

Teachers time required for formal instruction and contact hours.


Student time devoted to formal learning requiring teachers contact
Class size and type of instructions.

The desirable student to teacher ratio for engineering degree program for the model curriculum will be 10:1.
However m it should not be allowed to rise beyond 15:1.
Description

Professor
Assistant professor
Lecturer

Number

1
2
4

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Further, there should be continuous evaluation in tutorials, practical works, laboratory and project
assignments.
Description

Theory class lectures


Tutorials
Lab. Practical /workshop / drawing
Project work

Student teacher ratio

60:1
15-20:1
15:1
9:1

Technical and other staffThe workshop superintendent should be a cadre of an assistant professor with nominal teaching workload .
The assistant superintendent workshop/ foreman in the workshop should be given a cadre equivalent to that
of lecturer . the six workshop facilities would have a mechanic and an attendant. All these facilities should
be headed by a foreman.
The ratio of non teaching (inclusive of ministerial , administrative , technical and other unskilled and
semiskilled staff) to teaching staff should not exceed 3:1.

Library staffLibrary should be provided with the necessary staff to enable it to be available to the staff and the
students for at least 12 hours in a day. It is suggested that library should consist of One librarian
one assistant librarian
four library assistants

Physical Education Staff-

Sufficient facilities should be provided to enable the students to develop the skills in sports and
games.
One physical education director
One assistant physical education director
Two attendants should be available
Administrative staff and non teaching staff
The structure of the administrative staff should be as followsDescription

Registrar cum adm. officer

Number

1
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Medical officer ( part- time)


Office superintendents
Senior stenographer and PA to
principal
Senior assistants
Junior assistants
Mechanics (electrician, plumber, carpenter
etc.)
Draftsmen / tracer
Drivers
Attendants
Watchmen

1
1-3
1
3-5
3-8
4
1
3
5- 10
5-10

As per requirement of the Institution.

Laboratory Staff-

Each lab should be in the charge of a teaching staff assisted by a senior laboratory technician/ laboratory
technician and an attendant.

Computer Centre The computer centre shall be a centralized service centre for the use of students and staff of
the college. The computer centre shall have a computer system with CAD facilities, a high
speed printed and a plotter.
There should be 30 terminals in the computer centre.
The head of the department of computer science and engineering discipline shall also be the
head of the computer centre if the discipline exists in the institute
There shall be One system manager
One system analyst
One computer programmer
Two computer operators in the computer centre

Visiting faculty and guest lecturers-

In the view of the paucity of teachers in the specialized subjects in order to cater to the
instructional requirements , visiting faculty hould be resorted to. However, the institution
should be discouraged from exclusive dependence on visiting/ part- time faculty on continous
basis of the regular faculty.
It is recommended that the institution should be arrange, for the benefit of final years
students , a minimum of 5 guest lecturers form eminent people having high profile in
profession.

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Department Staff-

Each department should have 1 junior assistant


1 attendant
Multiuse of facilitiesTo make maximum use of available facilities (resources), sharing of resources among the institution
closely located should be encouraged.
It goes without saying that similar facilities should not be duplicated within one institution by
different departments. Facilities existing in one department should be freely available to another
within the institution. Central facilities could be established for teaching/ research/ consultancy work.
It will be desirable to have a consortium approach of having centralized laboratories of sophisticated
instrumentation by mobilization of funds from the group of departments/ institutions and share these
facilities. this scheme can be adopted where the institutions can form themselves as a group to
achieve both optimization of resources and also overall fiscal economy.

NORMS FOR INFRASTRUCTURE GeneralThe norms for the space and buildings have been arrived at, based on the functions, a technical
institution offering degree or equivalent programmes, has to perform. In all the cases, unit norms
have been evolved taking the absolute minimum needs, which are indicated as norms. As such the
institutions, while envisaging their space and building requirements, must keep their plans
accordantly.
Around the administrative building, classrooms and drawing halls there is considerable movement of
students and therefore there must be adequate veranda space in this part of the college building so
that the classes do not get disturbed. For this reason, the ratio of plinth to carpet area for the normal
building.

Classification of buildings areaThe building area required for an engineering institution can be classified Instructional area
Administrative area
Amenities area
Residential area
Instructional area will be include

Classrooms
Tutorial rooms
Drawing halls
Laboratories
Workshops
Computer centre
Library
Instructional resource centre
Seminar halls etc.
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Administrative area comprises

Principles room
Visitors lounge
Staff rooms
College office
Departmental office
Stores
Conference rooms
Confidential room etc.

Areas for amenities consists of

Common rooms
Recreation center
Hobby center
Offices for gymkhana
N.C.C., N.S.S.
Alumni association
Co-operative stores
Dispensary
Canteen etc.

Residential areas

Students and staff hostels


Staff quarters
Guest house

Building space for infrastructure

The course of any technical institution degree program will include lectures, tutorials , drawing and
design work , laboratory work and seminars. The college must have adequate building areas for all
these instructional activities.
The model curriculum during different seminars, the total no. of hours per week for which the
student is to have contact with the teachers will vary between 27 to 34.
For the instructional schedule if spread over a period of 34 hours a week, the college can work for 6
hours from Monday to Friday and for 4 hours on Saturdays.
The student strength in a theory class should not exceed 60. The class be divided into smaller group
of 20 in case of junior (I,II,III&IV SEMESTER)classes and 15 students for the senior
(V,VI,VII&VIII SEMESTER)and a teacher is assigned to each group. In case of tutorial work, these
smaller groups must be accommodated in separate rooms.
For drawings and design assignments, the class can have a maximum size of 60 students but one
teacher must be assigned to each group of 15-20 students for the junior / senior classes as in the case
of tutorial and practical classes.
In the case of workshop practice classes for the junior students, which emphasize the skills
component of the training, the classes will have to be divided into smaller groups and work assigned

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in the different shops. Considering the specific nature of training, the workshop practice classes of
junior students can have maximum no. of 20 students.

Number of rooms for theory classesThe no. of rooms required for the theory class can be determined by applying the following relationships.
NL = A(TL/ SL)
WHERE
NL= number of rooms required for the lecture classes
TL = Total number of the students in the college belonging to all classes of all disciplines attending theory
classes of the given strength SL. This no. depends on the admissions to the different disciplines.
Class strength i.e. the no. of the students in the class.
A = a factor obtained on the basis of
Lecture hours per week per class,15
Average teaching hours per week , 30
Utilization factors of the lecture rooms,0.66
A=(15)/(30*0.66)=0.75
In this case
TL = 1200
SL = 60
So NL = 0.75(1200/60)
= 0.75 (20)
= 15
So

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No. of rooms for tutorial workThe no. of rooms required for tutorial work can be determined by applying the following relationshipsNL = B (TL/ST)
Where
NT = Number of rooms requires for conducting tutorial classes.
ST = class strength for tutorials. Tutorial must have strength of 20 in case of 1st and 2nd year classes ,
whereas in the case of senior classes it should be limited to 15. Hence an average value of 17.5 can be
assumed.
TL = total no. of the students in the college belonging to all classes of all discipline who attend tutorial
classes in groups of 15- 20.
B = a factor obtained on the basis of tutorial hours per week per class
(6.0) average teaching hours per week say 30 and the utilization factor of lecture rooms , say 0.75
So B= 6.0/(30*0.75)
=0.26
Here ST = 17.5
TL = 1200
SO NT = 0.26(1200/17.5)
=18 ROOMS

No. of drawing hallsFor the students intake upto 240 students = 1


For the students intake above 240 students = 2
One drawing hall of 175 sq.mt.is needed for 240 students in the first year. It has been work on the basis
of teaching load common for all the branches.

26

Room size recommended for Class rooms , tutorial rooms, and drawing hallsType of rooms
Classification of size

Classrooms for 15-20 students


Classrooms for 30-40 students
Classrooms for 60 students
Drawing / examination halls
for 60 students

Minimum

1.3
1.2
1.1
2.5

Carpet area requirement in sq.mt./student


Desirable

1.5
1.4
1.3
2.5

LaboratoriesThe requirements of the laboratories depends upon the programmes that are being offered by the institution .
the norms for the carpet area of the different laboratories are given in the table below:

a. Laboratory

Batch size

Carpet area (sq. mt.)

Physics lab
Chemistry lab
Mechanics and kinematics
Electronics lab
Computer lab
Biology lab

20
20
20
20
20
20

200
175
100
100
300
200

Electrical engineering coursesElectrical machines


Power system protection
Measurement and inst.
Drives and power electronics
Control systems
Microprocessor
Applied electronics

20
20
20
20
20
20
20

350
150
150
150
100
100
100

27

Mechanical engineering coursesThermal science


Stream ,I.C.,refrig.,heat
transfer
Fluid machines
Measurements
Dynamics of machines
Metrology
Machine tools

20

500

20
20
20
20
20

200
100
100
100
100

Electronics and communication engg. CoursesElectronic circuit


Switching and digital circuit

15
15

75
75

Control system

15

75

Microwave devices

15

75

Communication system

15

75

Computer engineering coursesComputer software


Computer hardware and
microprocessor
Computer graphics

15
15

50
75

15

50

Computer design

15

50

The above areas do not include the rooms of the teaching staff even through such staff rooms are attached to
the laboratories. However, they do include the sitting space for the technical supporting staff and storage off
the laboratory.

28

WorkshopThe workshop for an engineering college must have the following shops

Carpentry including pattern shop


Fitting shop
Smithy shop
Welding shop
Painting and sheet metal shop
Foundry shop
Machine shop
Stores

According to the syllabus, two courses on workshop practice are to be offered to all branches in engineering
during the Ist and IInd semesters. during the first semester each student has to complete about the 10 to 12
exercise in carpentry, fitting, and smithy shops and the total batch periods of engagement will be 45. In the
2nd semester students of all branches have to complete 10 to 12 exercises in welding, painting , sheet-metal ,
foundry and machine shop
To accommodate the equipment and infrastructural facilities, to organize the above mentioned course work
to provide facilities for students projects and maintenance of the equipment, the workshop of the engineering
colleges must have a minimum carpet area of 900 sq. mt. since an industrial shed is more suitable for a
workshop, the plinth area will be 1.25 times the carpet area . Thus, the norms for the plinth area of the
workshop will be 1125 sq. mt.

Teaching aidsEvery class room should be provided by an overhead projector. In addition vcr, TV, and video cassettes of
various educational programmes should also be available.
Other spaces in the departmentsIn addition to the teaching space , the norms for the building requirement in a teaching department for other
purpose as given belowDescription
Head of department
Departmental office
Faculty norms
Library(departmental)
Seminar room
Store
Drawing / reprographic facilities

Carpet area
20
20
10per teacher
30
30
10
20

29

Central libraryThe central library for an admission of 240 students per year will have a carpet area of 400 sq.mt. at the time
of establishing a technical institution with three branches, there should be a minimum of 4000 volumes in
the library distributed as below:
Each branch will have 250 tittles with 4 multiple copies.
In subjects like mathematics, humanities , physics, chemistry etc. there should be total of 1000
volumes.
There should be a minimum of 12 technical journals- 6 indian and 6 international for each branch of
engineering.
Accordingly the norms for the initial stock of books, yearly addition of books and the no. of journals to be
subscribed as given below:
1.
2.

Initial stocks of books for three branches in the


institution
a. each branch of engineering

3.

b. mathematics ,applied physics, applied


chemistry,humanities,social science and management
science
Yearly addition of books (average)

4000
1000
(in each branch)

a. for (A)1 title student admitted to the branch

4.

b. for (B)0.2 title per student admitted per year


No. of tech. journals
a. for(A)12(6 national+ 6 international)
b. for (B)12 ( 6 national + 6 international)

Building spaces for administrative officesThe space to be provided for administrative office in technical institution / college will be as per norms as
given below:
Description
Principals office
Store room
Conference room
Reception office

Carpet area
30
20
100
25

30

Main office
Administrative office
Maintenance & estate office

300 ( for intake of 240 per year)


20
40

Building space for amenitiesSome of the developed institutions in the country provide several amenities for students and staff. However,
the minimum unavoidable requirements for such amenities for normal functioning of the institute are given
below along with the norms for the building space.
Students activity centre
This will consist of provisions for the indoor games, gymnasium , dramatics, and alumni centre etc.
the norms for the buildings are 0.25 sq.mt. per student.
Toilets
The college building and the hostels will be provided with adequate no. of the toilet blocks with
urinals, lavatories and wash basins. It will also be necessary to provide separately one toilet block for
women in the college block. Educational building hostel 10 sq. mt. for each 100 student population
75 sq.mt. for each unit of 120 students.
Cycle and scooter stand
This will be provided as open or covered area at the rate of 15 percent of the plinth area of the
college building.
Play fields
The institution must be provided with play fields so that the students can have adequate participation
in games and sports for healthy and constructive activities within the campus. The facilities
anticipated are athletics- track, cricket field, a foot ball field, a hockey field, a volley ball court, a
basket ball court , four badminton courts and a tennis courts. The norms for the above space will be
a total of 25000 sq. mt.
Other amenities
The norms of the space (carpet area) or other miscellaneous amenities are as given below:
Description
Carpet area (sq. mt.)
Canteen
100
Cooperative stores
100
NCC Office cum stores

100

31

N.B.C. RequirementsThe standard requirement of the educational buildings as given below:Fire fighting requirement
Building up to 15 m high should have underground static tank of 50,000 liters
Building more than 15 m high should have A wet riser
Terrace tank of 20,000 liter capacity
Pumping capacity of 450 liter per minute.

Horizontal exit allowanceThe occupants per unit width of

Stairways- 25
Ramps- 50
Doors- 75

No. of exits All buildings should have minimum of two exits


Minimum no. of staircases are two

Staircase

Minimum width of the staircase is 1.5 m


Minimum width of the tread is 30 cm
Maximum riser is 15 cm
Minimum clear headroom is 2.2111
Ramps- maximum slope is 1 in 10

32

Ceiling heightEducational buildings should have a ceiling height of working areas in 3.6 m minimum.
Recommended values of illuminationDescription
Electrical and instrument lab
Foyers and auditorium
corridors
Stairs
Library stack
Reading rooms
Reading table
Lecture and tutorial room desks
Chalk board
Offices
Common room and staff room

Illumination
300
100-150
70
100
70-150
150- 300
300-700
300
200-300
150

Area required for transformer roomsThe area required is given in sq.mt. for transformer capacity in KV. A.

1x60
2x60
1x250
1x46

28
42
30
46

Area required for generator roomsCapacity in (KW)


25
48

AREA (SQ. MT.)


56
56

CLEAR HEIGHT (M)


3.6
3.6

100

65

3.6

150
248

72
100

4.6
4.6

33

Lifts For average 10 passengers dimension of the inner chamber is 1.7 x 1.3 with shaft width of 2.2x2.1
sq. mt.
For average of 13 passengers dimension of the inner chamber are 2.1x1.3 with shaft width of 2.55 x
2.1 sq. mt.
The criteria of lab design depends upon

The function and planning


Special relationship
Logical grouping
Setting out an intimate system of services most recent developments and planning
Adoption of square rather than rectangular modules which allows for greater flexible in bench
arrangement with introduction of island bench units & free standing equipments.
Use of movable tabletops rather than permanent fixed bech units
Variation in work top height as well as grouping of tables can be achieved to suit particular needs.
Arrangement of heavy equipment fumes cupboards wash up etc. group in central service zone.

Research lab

34

Lab for teaching

practical

Sitting only
Sitting and
standing
Women sitting
and standing
man

Bench

Seat

Minimum width
of knee hole

700
850

425
625

575
575

Minimum vertical
distance, floor to
under bench
600
800

900

675

575

850

Central store This room is expected to be for bulk chemical storage and some equipment and apparatus.
It should have an issuing counter with lockable shutter and under counter with drawer
and cupboards blow.
Space for head store keepers desk and filing cabinets
Some free floor space should be provided for large and heavy apparatus .
There should be supplies delivery checking & unpacking area if it is not a seprate room .
Shelving will be requiring various widths to suit different size of chemical bottles and
apparatus width of 300mm is a common & useful for smaller sizes and 400 to 450 mm is
for large bottles.
450 -675mm range is required for the equipment and apparatus.
35

VentilationLow pressure or high pressure systems, the latter are recommended particularly in multi-storey buildings for
institutes with higher air requirement in order to reduce the cross section of the ducts. Cooling and
humidification as required. Ventilation systems have the highest space requirement of all services.
Labs where chemicals are used must have artificial air supply and extraction. Air changes per hour:
Chemistry labs
Biology labs
Physics lab

36

DATA FROM STANDARDSFacilities in the collegeBasic facilities for all the technical subjects e.g. civil engineering, physics , mechanical engineering,
electrical engineering:

Lecture room basic and special lectures


Tutorial room
Drawing studios
Seminar and group rooms ( some with PC workstation)
Departmental libraries
Study rooms for academic staff
Meeting rooms
Exam rooms
Labs
Workshops
Industrial halls

Central facilities

Main lecture theatres


Ceremonial hall
Administration
Deans office
Students union building
Libraries
Refectories
Spots facilities
Technical facilities for central services supply
Boiler room
Services

37

38

Lecture rooms and theatresMajor factor to be considered in designing a lecture room are the following

Seating and writing surface


Space and furniture for the lecture
Acoustic, lighting and ventilation
Heating and air conditioning
Aesthetic consideration visibility
Facilities for audio visual system
Use of wall space, including chalkboard, screens, size and location of window etc.

Considerations It is preferable to group large lecture theatres for central lectures in separate complexes
Smaller lecture theatres for lectures on specialists subjects are better in the individual department
and institute buildings.
Access to the lecture theatre is separated from the research facilities, with short routes and entrances
from outside at the back of the lecture hall.
For raked seating entrances can be behind the top row and large theatres can also have them in the
centre on the each side.
Lecturers enter at the front, from the preparation room.
As the use of audio visual system become one of the important method for teaching, therefore it is
preferable that facilities should provided to darken the room when audio visual system is required.
Lecture theatres for the subjects involving writing on chalkboards and projection have seating on
shallow.
Demonstration lecture theatres for science subjects have experiment branches and seating steeply
raked.
Standard minimum size for a rectangular shaped lecture theatre: 0.20-0.25 sq. mt./ seat.

39

Seating In Lecture Theatres Combined units of tip-up or swing seats, backrest and writing ledge (with shelf or hook for
folders).
Seating arrangement depending on subject , number of students and teaching method.
Amount of space per student depends on the type of seat , depth of writing shelf and rake of
floor.
Amount of space per student: for seating in comfort 70x65 cm : and on average 60 x 80 = 55 x 75
cm.
0.60 sq. mt. needed per student including all spaces in large lecture theatres under the most
cramped conditions; in smaller lecture theatres and in average comfort 0.80- 0.95 sq.mt.
Projection screens and boards can be designed as a segmented, curved wall or simply fixed to a
flat end wall.
Wall blackboards are usually made up of several sections which can be moved up and down
manually or mechanically
Blackboards can be designed to drop down beneath the projection area. Blackboards on wheels
can also be considered.

40

Lightning Artificial as well as natural lightning is required for lecture room.


Illuminate values required for performing visual talks in a lecture room.
300 lux in audience area / over the desk.
200- 300 lux in the demonstration area / chalkboard etc.
Care should be taken to avoid direct as well as indirect glare.
The typical lecture room should be provided with a comfortable general light system. Which is
flexible enough to provide a moderate high level for general use .
Light from windows if possible should come over a persons left shoulder.
Windows not be provided in front of the teacher and blackboard.
Light travel in a windowless lecture theatre:600 lux.

Related additional spaces Each lecture theatre should have an ancillary room, with no fixed function which can also be used for
storage.
Spaces for storage and service rooms are essential for the proper running of a lecture theatre
complex; a service room for the technical staff servicing the equipment in the lecture theatres, a
service room for cleaners, storeroom for spare parts, tube lights, light bulbs, chalkboards , clothes
etc.
Minimum room size 15 sq. mt. overall space requirement for ancillary rooms at least 50-60 sq.mt.

Basic room requirement for all subjects General-purpose seminar rooms usually have 20, 40 , 50 or 60 seats, with movable double
desks.(width 1.20,depth 0.60).
Space required per student 1.90- 2.00 m.

Offices for academic staff

Professor 20-24 sq.mt.


Lecturer 15 sq. mt.
Assistants 20 sq. mt.
Typists 15 sq. mt.

41

Departmental (open shelf) librariesCapacity for 30000- 20000 books on open shelves.

Book space Bookcase with 6-7 shelves,2m high (reach height)


Distance b/w bookcases 1.50m-1.60m
Space required 1.0-1.2 sq.mt./200 books

Reading space Width-0.9-1.0m/depth- 0.8m


Space required 2.4-2.5m2 per space.
Control counter at entrance with locker for personal property, catalogue and photocopying
rooms.

42

Drawing studio Each space requires 3.5 -4.5 sq. mt.,depending on the size of drawing table. For right handed people
it is best if illumination comes form the left.
Artificial light should be at 5001x,with1000lx(from mounted drawing lamps or linear lamps hung in
variable positions above the long axis of the table) at the drawing surface.

Basic equipment Drawing table of dimensions suitable for A0 size table (92x127 cm);fixed or adjustable board.
Drawings cabinet for storing drawing flat, of same height as drawing table,surface can also be used
to put the things.
A small cupboard on castors for drawing materials, possibly with filing cabinet, is desirable.
Adjustable height swivel chairs on castors.
Drawing tables, upright board, adjustable height or usable as flat board when folded down.

43

44

LaboratoriesLaboratories differ according to type of use and discipline-:


According to useLaboratories for teaching and practicals , comprising a large no. of workstations, usually with simple basic
equipments. Research labs are usually in smaller spaces with special equipment and additional rooms for
activities such as weighing and measuring centrifuges and autoclaves, washing up , acclimatized and cold
storage rooms with constant temperature, photographic rooms/ dark rooms etc.

According to subjectChemistry and biology labs with fixed benches. Rooms have frequent air exchange often additional fume
cupboards (digesters) for work which produces gas or smoke. Digesters often in separate room. Physics lab
mainly with movable benches and a range of electrical installations in trucking in the wall or suspended
from the ceilings; few air changes. Special labs for specific requirement, e.g. isotope lab for work with
radioactive substance in differing safely categories.

Lab workstation The bench fixed or movable is the module which determines the lab workstation.
Normal measurement for standard workbench: 120 cm width for practicals.
Benches and fumes cupboards are usually part of a modular system, width of elements 120 cm. fume
cupboards 120 and 180 cm.
The conduit carries all the supply systems; benches and low cupboards are placed in front of it.
Benches are made up of steel tubing, with work surfaces of stoneware panels without joints , less
frequently tiles,
Low cupboards are of wood or chip board with plastic laminate.
Supply services are from above form ceiling void.

45

Electrical servicesA high no. of connections and special supplies of electricity are required

Parking servicesThere continuous to be increase in vehicle, numbers with a corresponding demand of facilities to serve the
car and the owner :petrol garages , high road service stations ,car parking, car showrooms, and repair
garages.

46

LENGTH DIMENSION
Parking configuration
Dimensions of vehicle parking spaces in parking bays range from 1.80x4.60m to 2.50X6.00m. but slightly
longer for longer parking.
While the 90 degrees parking is more economical in space requirements (20-22 sq. per car), 45 degrees
parking (23-26sq. mt.) can be more convenient.
LOCATION
Parking arrangements should be clear and organized , using road markings and signs, preferably with one
way systems. Keep dead ends as short as possible so that the driver can view vacant spaces.
Staff car parking must be quite seprate and entered from service areas and not from visitors access points.
Car parking designSingle storey open car parks can be required for both private and public use. Large open plan parking areas
often need to be broken down in scale by incorporating:

Variety in surfaces
Screening or separation to delineate areas and help locate vehicles.
Use of landscaping to soften hard expanses.

Parking layouts

Parking lots, exclusive of drivers for entering them, require 350 sq. ft. as a rough preliminary figure.
The area per car varies from 280 sq.ft. to 585 sq. ft.
A central driveway with two rows of cars and 90 degree parking gives the best economy. Diagonal
parking is easier for the driver. In designing parking spaces, end stalls should be 1 ft. wider than
usual.
Parking spaces under building access drives should be 20 ft. wide for one way traffic. If a restricted
site frontage requires a right angle turn off, the driveway should be 25 ft. wide and the curb should
have a 30 ft. wide radius.

47

48

49

50

51

LIBRARY
Library bulding may be broadly classified by their size and their relationship to the communities or
organization they serve.however three broad classification of library areLibrary for education
These vary greatly in size according to the type of institutions ,e.g. university
Public library
These type of library vary considerably in size depending on the communities they serve. As well as lending
and reference functions , in recent years the development of new media and technology has brought great
changes and affects the basic planning of library building.
Public library can be divided into three parts:

Central library( for large communities)


County library( also serve as administrative and distribution centre)
Branch or local libraries

Research and public library


The function and purpose of this wide group of libraries varies to an unlimited extent and broad divisions are
as follows:
SPACE REQUIREMENTSBook shelves

Book shelves are in various sizes, but it has been established that at least 90% books are 230 mm
deep.
Library could standardize on 230 mm wide shelving, with special runs of shelving ( limited number)
300 mm wide for books over 230 mm wide.
Manufacturer offer three lengths of shelving in their system- 750 mm,900mm and 1m.
Wall shelving should never be higher than 2m
Island shelves in lending libraries should not be higher than 1.5m and 1.375 is preffered.
No shelf in public areas should be lower than 300mm from the floor and preferably 400mm in island
shelving

52

Open rack
In open stack book storage more room must be provided for readers fr browsing and cross traffic.
Provision of cross aisles is important in this type of shelving
Minimum clearance from the rack:

The maximum height of the stack recommended is 2.3m( 7 shelves).


Separate store allocation must be provided for higher or deeper books.
If very heavy use is expected or the stack area is very large main aisles should be minimum 1.5m
wide.

Closed rack
The shelving should provide the maximum storage of books with minimum use of space. This means island
should be double sided stacks, with single sided along the perimeter walls.
The distance between stack will be dicated by access of book trolley.
The bottom shelf in closed book rack can be as near to the floor as possible( 75 mm) with top shelf not
higher than 1.9m, thus preffered total height of stack 2.3 m ( 7 shelves total).

53

Open access
This is the most space consuming arrangement of the book storage.

It is recommended to provide approximately 900mm browsing space in the front of shelves and a
space of approximately. 760 mm beyond this as passage space- a minimum of 2560 mm between
shelves.
Stack width should be 440mm.
The height of island stacks should not be more than 1600mm, and with full wall fixed shelving upto
1850mm, shelf thickness 20 mm, and the height of the bottom shelf should be 400mm from the floor.
Shelving recommended should have 5 shelve in 1850 mm and 4 shelves in 1600 mm high stack.
The vertical distance between shelves should be approximately 270 mm.

Study carrels

In addition to open reading areas, provision of study carrels will be necessary for servicing long
term readers.
The provision and type of such carrels will vary with degree of sepration and privacy needed by
users of these facility.
Some carrels will have to be sound.

54

Reading areas

The recommended size of each individual table is 900X600mm. if tables are arranged in rows this
will have to be increased to 900X900mm.
Each reader allowance in reading area should be 2.3 m giving him the share of circulation with in the
room.
A long table can accommodate up to 12 readers: the width of such table should be 1200mm.
It is recommended that long tables should have divisions
All reading area will be served by staff centers.
In library the issue and return counter may be separated.

55

ARCHITECTS BRIEFAdministrative requirementDescription


Principal room
Strong room
Main office
Pantry
Strong room
Exam.control office
Central store
Placement office
Director room
Maintenance and estate
office
Conference room
First aid
Board room

Area(sq. mt.) norms

Area proposed
(sq.mt.)

30.0
20.0
150.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
30.0
30.0
30.0
40.0

36.5
23.68
154.0
10.0
23.0
36.0
36.0
39.0
39.0

100.0
10.0
20.0

17.0
35.0

Instructional areaDescription

Area(sq. mt.) norms

Area proposed (sq.


mt.)

Classroom
Tutorial rooms
Drawing hall
Computer lab
Library
Dept.office
HOD Room
Faculty cabins
Seminar hall
Stationary store

66.0
36.0
132
150.0
400.0
20.0
10.0
5 .00
132.0
10.00

72.0
37.0
147.0
159.0
20.20
10.5
5.00
147.5
11.70

56

Workshop- 200 sq. mt.


Common roomCafeteriaParking -

100.0 sq. mt.


150.0 sq. mt.

102.0sq. mt.
150.90 sq.mt.

15% of covered area on site

57

PROJECT BRIEF-

The ProjectThe project is to design a green campus for an engineering college in Mauja Kunja at Paonta Sahib .The
client for this project is a private organization Medical Charitable Trust .The college is offering five
streams

Mechanical Engineering
Computer science Engineering
Electronics and communication Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Civil engineering

With an annual intake of students for the renewal of college.


Area of the site
Annual intake of students

300 students

Annual intake of each stream

60 students

58

Clients brief
The requirement given by the client are accepted the AICTE norms with minor changes and area allocation
done on the basis of case studies. The requirements are-

Administrative Area

Principal room
Exam control office
Placement office
Maintenance and estate office
Director room
Main office
Board room
Strong room
Conference room
Pantry
First aid

Academic area

Classrooms
Tutorial rooms
Drawing hall
Computer lab
Library
Dept. office
HOD room
Faculty cabin
Computer room
Seminar hall
Library
Stationary store
Laboratories
workshop

Residential areas

Boys hostel
Girls hostel
Staff quarters
Guest house
Principles residence

59

Common rooms
Cafeteria
Sports area
Services

Validity of the projectTo improve the standard of the technical education in the city .the state government accepted a no. of
proposals to set up an engineering college in different parts of the state. The site has been acquired by the
trust and the requirements are finalized.

AimsTo provide a campus that is convenient and safe and provide an appropriate surrounding to stimulate the
body, mind and spirit in the pursuit of academic excellence and at the same time has its distinctive identity.

Objectives

To encourage the growth of a community life and develop institutional organization.


Giving flexibility in design and making it sustainable for the changes in the future.
To study already designed institutes to understand the principles of the campus planning
To create a single, unified campus in which all parts of the building relate to each other functionally
as well as usually.
To create a campus responsive to the natural scenic potential of the site.
To study norms and standards of the engineering college.
To develop a visual and spatial vocabulary with the help of appropriate materials, forms and design
elements giving campus a distinct green architectural expressions.
To provide healthy environment which fulfils the need and aspirants of User.

Scope of the projectThese days the education standards are becoming higher and higher and the concept of green building also
and so as the campus match with these standards. As the college caters different activities such as
administrative area, academic area, residential area , sports area so we have to integrate all these and no part
should look single .the scope of the design is far greater than problem of designing a single building and
certainly more than the design of a collection of individual building. Though our approach should be such
that focus on the building and making a campus green.

Methodology

Firstly selection of the project and clients brief is carried out and in it also studying about the scope
of design, aims and objectives, site brief and requirements.

60

Then knowing about the connectivity of the different spaces. For this purpose library and case
studies of newly established engineering colleges has to be carried out.

Then understanding the proper requirements of the project, their area calculation, and their
hierarchical scheme and site study.

Getting familiar to the psychology of the engineering students.

Study about the circulation and parking.

Then collecting the data about this from case studies, library study and internet.

After it developing a concept.

Then develop a solution which creates impact over view .

SELECTION OF PROJECT
SCOPE OF DESIGN

SITE BRIEF

AIMS $ OBJECTIVES

REQUIREMENTS

CLIENT BRIEF

SITE STUDY

COLLECTION OF DATA FROM


CASE STUDIES

LIBRARY STUDIES

CONCEPT

DESIGN SOLUTION

61

SIGNIFICANCE A Significant focus of Engineering Institute is that of connection and globalization. As technology
and design progresses, it is important that we keep in contact with the rest of the world.
Every disaster, natural or not, that occurs in the world today effects everyone. Tsunamis, volcanic
eruptions, terrorist attacks; the world is informed of such happenings.
Without roads to get from point A to point B, or helicopters, or jets, the world would seem a very
distant place. Essentially, engineering encourages a sense of awareness and togetherness.
Engineering serves as the calcium of society today. It continuously strengthens our pre-existing
knowledge of design.

62

Site analysis Location and orientation


Approach
Site surroundings
Design parameters
Physical feature
Climatic conditions

63

LOCATION AND ORIENTATION


The college is to be located in paonta sahib,village mauja kunja,sirmaur , himachal Pradesh.

64

APPROACHThe approach road to the site is 2.90 mts. wide ,which have the main gate now.

Approach Road To Site

SITE SURROUNDINGSSite is surrounded by the government forests from west and west south side. The south side of the site is
located near to the river bank, therefore stone masonry is used on that side of the site. Agricultural land is
located on the east side of the site and north side of the site acts as a approach road to the site.

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Agricultural Land

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DESIGN PARAMETERSTotal area of the siteGround coverage


Floor area ratio
Height restrictionSetbacks-

PHYSICAL FEATURES TopographyThe topography of the site is flat with no major contours on the site.

levelled site with no undulation

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VEGETATIONThere is only one tree on the west side of the site and grass on the site.

Grass On The Site

SoilAs site is situted near to the river bank so the soil is sandy.

TempratureSummer-Temperature in summers may rise high to maximum of 40C. Temperature generally

remains 35C to 40C.

Autumn: In Autumn, temperature may go to high to maximum 36C. Temperature usually remains
between 16C to 27C in autumn. Lowest temperature may go to 13C.

Winter: Winters are quite cool. However, it may sometimes gets chilly. Average temperature in
winters (November to February) remains at (max) 7C to 15 C and (min) 0C to 5C.

Spring: Climate remains quite pleasant in spring season. Temperature remains (max) 16C to 25C
and (min) 9C to 18C.

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View From West Side

View From East Side


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Climatic dataPaonta Sahib has a sub-tropical continental monsoon climate characterized by a seasonal rhythm, hot
summers, slightly cold winters, unreliable rainfall and great variation in temperature (0 C to 40 C). In
winters, frost sometimes occurs during December and January. It also receives occasional winter rains from
the western disturbance.

Relative Humidity
At 08:30 a.m. : 32 to 92 %
At 17:30 p.m. : 13 to 94 %

Annual rainfall
The annual rainfall varies considerably year to year. The area received 1600 1700 mm average rainfall
over this 90% rainfall constitutes during the period middle of June to end of September.

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Literature study
For studying the concept of the green building Infosys BPO campus , Jaipur

One case study of overseas University of salford

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Exemplar case studyInfosys BPO Campus,Jaipur


KEY PARAMETERS

Occupancy Type

Office Space

Built up area

295000 sq. ft

Completed

August 2010

Location

Jaipur, Rajasthan.

Green consultant

En3 Sustainability solution

Rating System

LEED India NC version 1.0

Rating Achieved

Platinum

Cost of project

100 crores {approx.}

Building is designed in such a way so that air conditioning is incorporated in it

The first Platinum rated building for Infosys; to be the basis for all future Infosys
buildings.

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CAMPUS

Site area:

42 Acres.

The Overall proposal for the entire campus consists of 5 BPO Buildings, 3 Food courts and 500 rooms
ECC along with all the utility buildings.

The campus is designed to accommodate a total of 12,100 employees with an overall built-up area of
14, 05, 000 sq. ft.

Phase I construction includes BPO-1, Food Court-1 and the utility buildings.

This campus is designed with a focus on Energy Saving strategies.

G+ 4 structure with a capacity of 3320 persons

The foot print area of this building is 54,000 sq .ft. approx.

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FOOD COURT

The overall built up area of the food court is 85,000 sq.ft


Designed as G+ 2 structures
Seating capacity of 1900 persons, accommodating 600 persons in each floor approximate.

DESIGN FEATURES
Energy- save on active energy and embodied energy; engineering active and passive elements for energy
saving.

Earth- preserve and support the local ecology; promote a forestation; promote use of natural materials.
Water- harvest water available on site; efficient water management
Air -passive and active cooling systems that are energy-efficient and ozone

non depleting and enhance

indoor air quality.

Efficient building envelope

Efficient lighting and equipment

Efficient air conditioning

Low energy materials

Water sustainability

Onsite renewable sources

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BUILT FORM AND PLANNINGEfficient building envelope:


High performance building envelope consisting of insulated walls and spectrally selected windows with a
low window to wall ratio, reduces the total heat gain in the building.
Efficient lighting & equipment:Lighting design of 0.65 watts per square foot achieving 40% improvement over traditional designs.
Lighting design coupled with the use of 5-star rated, energy efficient computers reduces energy load as well
as internal heat gains.
Efficient air-conditioning:
Air-conditioning system equipped with multi-stage air handling units which operate on free cooling,
evaporative cooling and air-conditioning modes during nights and winters, achieving more than 30%
efficiency over a traditional system.
Onsite renewable energy:
A battery-free 250 KW roof top solar photovoltaic installation meeting 7.5% of the total power requirement
is being provided, taking advantage of the high solar isolation in Jaipur.
Low energy materials:
13% of the total material is recycled material, thereby reducing virgin material exploitation. 80% of the
total material is manufactured locally and over 59% of this material has also been extracted regionally,
thereby reducing the pollution due to transportation.
Water sustainability:
57 interconnected recharge wells have been built across the campus to capture & sequester every drop of
rain water. Low flow dual-flush toilets, sensor based urinals and other water efficient fixtures have been
provided, reducing water consumption by over 40%. Sewage water is treated in the state-of-the-art
Membrane Bio Reactor (MBR) plant and reused for flushing and air-conditioning. 100% of the water
required for landscaping is from treated water and no potable water is used.

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Central energy center to serve all the buildings, so that further diversity can be applied on the peak
cooling load.
Total Peak cooling load for the entire campus is 4400 TR.
Total Day 1 Cooling load requirement -Phase 1: 1615 TR.
2 x 800 TR and 2 x 400 TR (standby) for the total installed capacity for Day -1 will be 2400 TR.
Remaining 2000 TR will be served with 2 x 1000 TR Chillers. The chillers will be of water cooled
centrifugal chillers with variable frequency drives.
Cooling water can be made available through STP.
Dedicated units for Conference rooms, meeting room, Training rooms will be recommended to
optimize the operation of Air Conditioning System
Server rooms are air conditioned with Precision Units with Air Cooled Baby Chillers.
Minimum area of glazing reduces the heat gain inside the building there by reducing the A/C load.
The percentage of Glass used on overall Faade area is only 17%

Recessed windows were widely used to cut the thermal gain both during the day and night
Compact plan with solids and voids on the sides and rear elevations- less exterior wall exposed to
sun. Minimum P/A ratio of building.
Solar heat gain from direct sunlight is minimized by careful zoning and orientation
Use of renewable solar power amounting to 2.5 lakhs units per annum through Photovoltaic Cell.
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Floor plan of BPO campus-

Insulation in walls and Over deck Insulation on roof.

High performance glazing


Energy efficient lighting design

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Occupancy Sensors.
Energy Efficient Variable Frequency Driven Water Cooled Screw Chillers
Variable air volume systems.

Air Handling Units with Variable Frequency Drives

Primary and secondary chilled water pumps with Variable Frequency Drive
Air Economizer. Heat Recovery Systems
Double stage evaporative pre cooling system.
Top soil has been preserved
Specific use of rapidly renewable materials(materials with life harvest cycle of less than 10years) to
reduce the depletion of finite raw materials
More than 10% of materials used have high recycled content thereby reducing impacts resulting from
extraction and processing of virgin materials
Use of regionally manufactured materials to reduce the impact of environmental pollution through
transportation
certified wood products used to encourage environmentally responsible forest management

Comprehensive recycling policy to collect, segregate and store all recycled materials such as paper,
plastic, glass, metals etc.

Open landscaped space more than the building footprint to promote biodiversity

Site coverage is less than 20%

100% of waste water treated at site to tertiary standards


No potable water used for the entire landscaping

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Over 35% savings in water annually by use of high efficiency and low flow water fixtures
Automatic sensors.

FLOOR PLAN

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Use of low VOC adhesives and sealants, paints, carpet and composite wood products to reduce
indoor air contaminants and provide superior indoor environment
High efficiency entrance mats at all building entries and independent exhaust systems for pantry,
housekeeping and chemical areas to reduce indoor pollutant source control
Use of environment friendly refrigerant that reduces ozone depletion and global warming
Increased outdoor air ventilation rates and Co2 monitoring for enhanced occupant comfort.

SITE SUSTAINABILITY FEATURES

The project is located in close proximity to public transportation and campus buses for the staff have
been provided for commute from the city to the campus thereby minimizing transportation pollution
and strain on local infrastructure

Provision of battery charging stations for 4% of the total car parking capacity in an effort to
promote use of alternative and low emitting vehicles and to reduce transportation pollution.

Provision of carpooling spaces for 5% of the total car parking capacity within the premises in an
effort to promote share rides to reduce transportation pollution as well as strain on the local
infrastructure. An analysis of the amount of CO2 emissions saved by van pool shows a reduction of
more97 tones of CO2 per employee per year.

Rain water harvesting tanks have been provided to harvest 533 cum per day of rain water and this
is to ensure post construction runoff is less than pre-construction runoff.

100% of roof area is covered with a highly reflective material to reduce heat islands and to minimize
impact on microclimate and human and wildlife habitat.

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ENERGISING THE BUILDING

Energy efficiency measures such as Hi albedo paint on roof, high performance glazing, efficient
lighting design, efficient HVAC design, VAV systems, AHU's with VFD and Heat recovery wheels
for saving more energy than the conventional systems

Selection of CFC free and HCFC free refrigerants thereby avoiding global warming and ozone
depletion.

7.5% of the building energy load is met using photovoltaic arrays which is a source of onsite
renewable energy

Measures incorporated in the building that contribute to energy efficiency include reduced overall
conductance of walls and roof, high performance glass with optimum shading coefficient and visual
transmittance, overhangs and shading to reduce solar gains, efficient lighting, amply daylight spaces and
energy recover.

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UNIVERSITY OF SALFORD-

Ground floor plan

82

First floor plan

section through lecture hall

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Furniture layout plan of gf

Furniture layout of sf

84

Case studies INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,DELHI


NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, KURUKSHETRA
YAMUNA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DELHI-

Hauj khas, south Delhi


Intent of studyTo understand the space relationship
BackgroundIIT Delhi was established as College of Engineering in 1961 and was renamed to Indian Institute of
Technology later in 1963. It is situated at Hauz Khas in South Delhi, which is a landmark place in the
colourful and chequered history of the capital. Bounded by Sri Aurobindo Marg on the east, the
Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) campus on the west, the NCERT on the south and the outer ring road
on the north, the sprawling 320 acre campus is well inside the city, unlike other IIT's. Qutab Minar and Hauz
Khas monuments also flank the campus.
LocationIIT Delhi is situated in hauj khas,south delhi. the Institute campus is about 19 Km. away from the Delhi
Main Railway Station, 14 Km. from the New Delhi Railway Station, 21 Km. from the Inter-State Bus
Terminal and 10 Km. from Delhi Airport.

SurroundingIIT Delhi campus is surrounded by Sri Aurobindo Marg on the east, the Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU)
campus on the west, the NCERT on the south and the outer ring road on the north.

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The IIT-D campus is divided into four zones:

Student Residential Zone


Faculty and Staff Residential Zone
Student Recreational Area, that includes the Student Activity Center (SAC), football stadium, cricket
ground, basketball courts, hockey field, lawn tennis courts.
Academic Zone department offices
lecture theaters
libraries and workshops.

The Campus

The campus has a spanning over 320 acres

The inside of the campus resembles a city, with gardens, lawns, residential complexes and wide
roads.

The campus has its own water supply and backup electricity supply along with shopping complexes

There are 12 hostels (ten for boys and two for girls).

Departments and CentersIIT Delhi has 13 departments, 11 multi-disciplinary centers, and two schools of excellence.
The B.Tech. departments in IIT Delhi include the following:

Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology


Chemical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering

Some other departments are

Applied Mechanics
Chemistry
Humanities and social science
Mathematics
Physics
Textile technology

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Inter-disciplinary centers
The following multi-disciplinary centers are located in IIT Delhi:

Centre for Applied Research in Electronics (CARE)


Centre for Atmospheric Sciences (CAS)
Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME)
Computer Services Centre (CSC)
Centre for Energy Studies (CES)
Educational Technology Services Centre (ETSC)
Industrial Tribology, Machine Dynamics and Maintenance Engineering (ITMMEC)
Instrument Design Development Centre (IDDC)
Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering (CPSE)
Centre for Rural Development and Technology (CRDT)
National Resource Centre for Value Education in Engineering (NRCVEE)

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Planning of the academic building


The IIT Delhi campus is divided into 6 blocks

BLOCK I- Department of bio technology engineering

BLOCK II Department of mechanical and electrical

BLOCK III Department of care and applied mechanics

BLOCK IV-Department of civil and applied mechanics

BLOCK V- Department of civil and chemistry

BLOCK VI-Department of physics chemistry and computer science engineering.

entrance to the bio technology department

And other departments are in the multi storied building having 8 floors .It is the most notable feature of the
academic area. It houses the Basic Sciences and Humanities departments apart from the famous Seminar
Hall, Convocation(Dogra Hall) and the Examination Hall(All on the ground floor). It is sometimes also
used for studying during the semester when the Reading Room(first floor of the library) is full. The MS
also houses the director's office, the senate room and the Deans' 'den where various deans (of UG
academics/ of PG academics/ of students etc.) have their offices on the 2nd floor.
Above these offices is the physics department on the 3rd and 4th floors which is well equipped with various
labs and lecture halls, the chemistry department on the 5th and 6th floors, and finally the Humanities and
Social Sciences Department on the top. Above that is the all famous and 'out-of-bounds' instti-roof.
These multi storey building connects the block II (i.e. block of electrical and mechanical)and administrative
block.

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Multi Storied Building

The MS building is built such that it has a tunnel like central base with one door each on either side. This
Tunnel is the famous Wind Tunnel( popularly known as Wind-T). While one side of the Wind-T opens
directly into the Ex-Hall, the other side has the main entry to the MS, and right there you have the Seminar
and also the entry to the Computer Services Centre (CSC).

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The multi storied building merges into the mathematical department which also house the UG/PG section.
The mathematical department is connected to the library which is a 3- storey building having books for
almost all engineering / humanities / sciences. The ground floor having a reading section , and on the right
side of the reading section is a Nescafe outlet.

Library

Library is provided next to the multi storied building having 3 storeys.

Photocopier, fax, scanning facilities are provided in the library.

Area is segregated properly for books, journals,newspapers etc.

Reading section is also provided on the ground floor.

Both type of seating are provided seprate and along with the stacks.

Ground floor plan of library

An area of 850 fts. has been segregated from the library as an independent reading room having a
separate entrance on the ground floor.

The Library Bindery and the Library Stores are also located on the Ground Floor.

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First floor plan

The Library has its entrance at the first floor which stacks books on science and technology,
conference proceedings and reference collection.

The first floor also houses the


Circulation Counter
Membership Desk
Catalogue and Recent Display for books

The offices of the Head, Library Services as well as Head, Readers Services and Head,
Administrative and Maintenance Division are also located on the first floor.

The Seminar Room is located adjacent to the office of the Head, Library Services.

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Second floor

The second floor of the Library houses the current as well as back volumes of the periodicals.

The Serials Division and its incharge has his office on this floor.

The xeroxing facility is also available on this floor.

Furniture used in the library is of wood.

Stacks used for displaying is also made up of wood.

Counter for issuing of book is of granite.

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Huge green lawns separate the blocks of IIT Campus. Out of these blocks, block 2 is the biggest spanning
almost the entire institutional area lengthwise.

Green Lawn

Lecture theatres

Lecture theatres are provided in between the two blocks having way from the staircases or from the
corridors which connects the blocks.

fully furnished having stepped seating having provision of light floor to floor height windows.

Lecture theatres having projector facilities, speaker system and proper provision of lightning and
ventilation

Having proper height of the chalkboard.

The writing level is 26 and 16seating level which ensures good writing condition.

Stone cladding is used on the outer walls of the lecture theatre which looks aesthetically beautiful.

Having rised platform for the teacher so that each and everyone get the point of lecturer.

Having sloping roof over it and hexagonal in shape.

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stone cladding on the exterior

Wooden furniture used

Stepped layout

Way to go out of lecture theatre.

staircase for going inside of lecture hall

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Tutorial rooms

Tutorial rooms are provided in the blocks for 15-20 students.

Rectangular in shape.

Having proper lightning and ventilation.

Having proper furniture, height of the chalkboard.


Designed according to the A.I.C.T.E. Norms

LABORATORIESDifferent labs are provided in the blocks for the different streams. Each department has its own lab

Laboratories having the sufficient space for the strength.

Labs having entrance from one side only.

The experiments are done on the tables placed in the lab made up of stone.

The storage is done in technician room.

The light coming from the glazed windows in the labs.

The fire safety is done in the lab of chemical.

Wash basins are provided in the lab of chemistry for washing the instruments.

Labs having the columns which looks architecturally beautiful and provides strength to it.

Separate space is provided for the lecture in the lab


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Different labs in the campus are Waste treatment lab


P.G. Lab
Process lab
Bio sensor lab
Unit operation lab
Thermal science lab
Physics lab
Refrigeration and cooling lab etc.

DIFFERENT LABORATORIES

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Landscaping-

At the entrance the the calm environment of the lush-green campus.

There are focal point at certain spaces which creates interest in the campus.

Huge lawns separated the blocks from each other.

Trees are planted along the road sidewith a continous row of small shrubs of different color.

There is hierarchy in the landscape as first comes the small shrubs,then comes the small plants and at
last the enclosure of the green in form of big plants.

Having round about at the entrance.

Landscaping is done on the front of the academic blocks

Landscaping divides the road in the two parts

Landscaping separates the parking space from the road.

It is done along the pathways

green lawns separate the blocks.

98

huge lawn in the front of admin and block II

Landscaping along the road side

landscaping segregate the roads

99

PARKING

Parking provided is divided into the two parts one is for two vehicular and another one is for the four
vehicular.parking space is separated from the road with the help of the landscaping between
them.parking for 4 wheeler is open and two wheeler is placed under shed and also provided

space for two wheelers open to air

space for two wheelers

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sapce for 4 wheelers lanscaping seprates road


and parking area

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Horizontal circulation-Corridors connected the different blocks are singly loaded having balcony
on the front side for proper light and ventilation in the corridor and rooms. whereas multi storey building
has doubly loaded corridor.

Singly Loaded Corridors

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VERTICAL CIRCULATIONStaircases and ramps used for the vertical circulation. Different types of staircase used for the vertical
circulation which beautify the campus and satisfies the A.I.C.T.E. Norms. Some of the staircases are spiral,
some are straight etc. ramps are also provided in each block for the disabled. Provision of lifts is also
provided in the campus.

Different Types Of Staircases In The Campus

103

ramps are used for the circulation in blocks

lifts provision in the building

104

ARCHITECTURAL FORM AND EXPRESSION

To give a visual appeal of good campus the faade treatment is very important. Here the stone
cladding is used on the exterior of the walls.

The IIT Delhi campus is structurally strong having a huge structure over the admin block and
multistoried building located in it.

Artificial created water bodies around the admin block.

Appealing landscape.

Wind tunnel in the multi storied building.

Different type of brick jails are used in the campus for proper light and ventilation.

Having arches on the entrance to the admin block.

Structure

105

Arches Provided On The


Entrance Of Admin Block
WorkshopsIndependent workshops placed in the different blocks as per their function relationship to the space

Machine shop

Smithy shop

Foundry

Wood workshop

Sheet metal
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Welding

Fitting

Computation lab

CNC machine shop

Staff rooms and store rooms are provided in the workshop. Exhaust fans are provided where needed, for
artificial lightning fans and tubelights are provided.
Solar panels are provided in the campus-

Long Windows are glazed on the walls

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Conclusion

Each department is segregated from the other by proper division of space through corridors,huge
landscaping.

All spaces are well lit with natural light

All labs are approached with singly loaded corridors.

Lecture rooms not having the proper natural light.

Separate building for the other departments from the engineering and having separate admin block,
library.

Segregation of parking and road.

Multi storied building is the focus of the academic campus.

Landscape also uplifts the standards of the campus.

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National Institute Of Engineering And Technology, Kurukshetra

Kurukshetra university, kurukshetra


Intent of studyTo study the relationship between the spaces.
BACKGROUND
NIT Kurukshetra was established in 1963 as a joint enterprise of the Government of India and the
Government of Haryana as the Regional Engineering College, Kurukshetra (REC Kurukshetra). In 2002 it
was upgraded to National Institute of Technology and was given a Deemed University status.
It runs undergraduate and postgraduate programs in Engineering and Doctor of Philosophy program me in
Engineering, Sciences and Humanities. The institute consistently ranks among the top engineering colleges
of the country.

LOCATION
The institute is in the city of Kurukshetra, Haryana. Kurukshetra is a place of great spiritual significance,
where Lord Krishna delivered the divine message of "Shrimad Bhagwad Gita". The place from where
knowledge spread everywhere was chosen as his capital by King Harshwardhana. It is one of the premier
centres of pilgrimage. Kurukshetra is a railway junction on the Delhi-Karnal-Ambala section of the Northern
Railway. It is 160 km from Delhi and 90 km from Chandigarh.
The institute campus is 10 km from Pipli, a road junction on the Sher Shah Suri Marg (NH-1) and 5 km from
Kurukshetra Railway station. It is adjacent to the Kurukshetra University.

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APPROACH
The existing approach to the college is from the kurukshetra university gate no. 2.

SurroundingThe college is situated in kurukshetra which is under the influence of Haryana. In its close proximity is
institutional area of Kurukshetra University.

Institutional building divided into different zones

Instructional zone
Academic zone
Administrative zone
Residential
Hostel for students
Staff quarters

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THE CAMPUS

The campus extends over an area of 300 acres imaginatively laid down on a picturesque landscape.
It presents a spectacle of harmony in architecture and natural beauty.
The campus has been organized into three functional sectors Instructional buildings and Residential sector for the staff.
Hostels for students are located towards Eastern side of the campus in the form of cluster.
Three storey buildings of hostels provide comfortable accommodation and pleasing
environment to students.
The instructional buildings have been located between the two residential sectors in order to
reduce walking distance. A full fledged health centre manned by qualified doctors, a Post
Office and a branch of the State Bank of India are located at convenient points on the
Campus.

COURSES OFFERED

Electronics and Communication Engineering


Mechanical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Computer Engineering
Information Technology
Industrial Engineering And Management
Business Administration
Computer Applications
Physics
Chemistry
Mathematics
Humanities

CIRCULATION WITHIN THE CAMPUS

Segregation between the pedestrian and vehicular movement.


There is no vehicular movement inside the academic area.
Within the campus hierarchy of the road.
Parking spaces are provide along with the roads.

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FACILITIES PROVIDE IN THE NIT KURUKSHETRA

A huge Library
Centre of Computing and Network
Guest house
Central workshop
Hospital
Bank
Post office
Shopping centre
Several laboratories for students of various departments
Hostels for students
Basic amenities like-water supply and electricity

PLANNING OF THE CAMPUS


The campus is divided into different blocks Administrative block
Examination hall
Electrical engineering block having three storeys
Mechanical block
Civil engineering block
Applied mechanical block
Teaching block
All the blocks are placed parallel to each other. Workshop is placed opposite to these blocks. Other blocks
i.e. Library
Computer centre
Computer and electronics engineering block and
Seminar hall are placed opposite to the upper blocks
Separate block is provided in the campus for the lecture halls .all the blocks are linear in the shape.
All the blocks are connected to each other through corridors having pillars in the corridor.

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All the blocks in the campus not having the same no. of floors.different blocks having different number of
floors.
Firstly administrative blck and electrical engineering block are 3 storey, then mechanical block is a single
storied. Lecture hall block are placed different from all other blocks.

Horizontal circulationCorridors are provided for the horizontal circulation in the building. Corridors are doubly loaded. One side
of the corridors having offices and labs are provided opposite to it. The horizontal circulation is carried
through 10-0 wide corridor and one lecture room is provided at the end of the block and one is in the
centre of the block. One side of the block has single loaded corridor serve as lecture room.

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Vertical circulationThe vertical circulation inside the building is carried through staircases which are satisfying the
A.I.C.T.E. norms. There is no provision of the lifts in the blocks. Each block having three staircases.
Staircases are straight and having double flights and triple flights. Space is provide for the ventilation
in the space where staircase is provided.

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Quality of spacesLecture roomslecture rooms in NIT kurukshetra campus are stepped having proper provision of light and
ventilation because of the proper glazing in the room.The space provided in the class having
sufficient space for 60 students. These are the rooms provided in the blocks.

Separate block having lecture theatres is well furnished and equipped i.e. having projector system,
speaker.these lecture rooms having the same stepped furniture and having capacity for 60
students.having windows but tubelights are used for
Proper lightning in the room. And height of teaching platform is 0-9and distance of first row from
the board is 7-0.

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116

117

LABORATORIESPhysics labThe space provided for the labs is sufficient for the batch strength. Labs having two entrance. The
lab technicians room and store is provided in the labs. The experiments are done on the tables placed
on the side of the lab. The labs are well lit with the light coming from the glazed faade.

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CHEMISTRY LABThe area of the lab is sufficient for the batch strength. There are two entrances provide in the labs
and the lab technician room and weighing room is provided in the lab. The experiment are done on
the slabs with doubly loaded experiments arrangements. Wash basins are provided in the labs for
washing of the instruments. The labs are well lit with the light coming from the glazing windows.

The lab contains the chalk board for the theory relating experiments .the fire safety is done by
having fire safety equipments.
The counters are made of the tiles to avoid from the acids. The drainage is done through the
wash basins attaches to pipe leading to outside .
The counter is 3-0 which provide ideal condition for the experiments.
Storage is provided under the slabs.

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COMPUTER LABThere is a big hall for the computer lab. The lab is fulfiling the purpose in effective way.there is a lot of free
space in the lab for the circulation. The arrangements are done in such a way the computers are placed along
the wall and central area for the circulation.the lab is divided into two parts mainly one for the students and
other for faculty members. At the entrance space is provided for the shoe racks, then another door approach
to the computer lab.

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Many other labs are also provide in the blocks

Waste treatment lab

P.G. Lab

Process lab

Bio sensor lab

Unit operation lab

Thermal science lab

Physics lab

Refrigeration and cooling lab etc.

LibraryThe library block is placed near to the computer engineering block. The library is fully computerized. The
stacks are placed on one side and reading area is placed on the other side. As we enter in the reading section
there is counter for the book issue/ return. The counter of the librarian and library staff who uses computer
for records. The light is coming from the windows and also artificial lighting is provided.

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Library Collection

Library Books
Book Bank
Back Sets
Standards
VHS/CDs/DVDs
e-Books
Thesis
Total Documents

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

49827
84288
7096
9979
1284
5921
1782
160177

Total Floor Area & Reading Space


The Library is a growing organism. To meet all the requirements sufficient space has been added for
stacking, reading and other services. The Library has a reading capacity for 450 readers and sufficient space
for stacking new documents, digital library and Audio Visual Centre. The total area of the library at present

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Library is divided into different sections

Reading section
Stacks section
Display section
Section for bindery ,photostat,laminationa and scanning
Section for the catlogues
Offices of librarian
Reception
Setion for reading newspapers

123

124

Tutorial roomsTutorial rooms are designed according to A.I.C.T.E. Norms. Tutorial rooms having sufficient space for the
20 students. Wooden furniture is used for seating. Glazed windows are provided for the provision of
lightning and ventilation.

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Parking spacesParking spaces of nit kurukshetra is divided into two parts one is for two wheeler and another one is for four
wheelers.parking space for 50 cycles is provided between the admin block and electrical engineering block.
Shaded parking space is provided for the 4 wheelers in the front of the admin block and the coputer cenre
block.

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WorkshopsIndependent workshops placed in the different blocks as per their function relationship to the space

Machine shop

Smithy shop

Foundry

Wood workshop

Sheet metal

Welding

Fitting

Computation lab

CNC machine shop

Thermal energy lab

Metrology and machine vision

Computer and automation centre

Staff rooms and store rooms are provided in the workshop. Exhaust fans are provided where needed, for
artificial lightning fans and tubelights are provided.

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Landscaping

At the entrance the the calm environment of the lush-green campus.

There are focal point at certain spaces which creates interest in the campus.

Huge lawns separated the blocks from each other.

Trees are planted along the road sidewith a continous row of small shrubs of different color.

There is hierarchy in the landscape as first comes the small shrubs,then comes the small plants and at
last the enclosure of the green in form of big plants.

Landscaping is done on the front of the academic blocks

Landscaping separates the parking space from the road.

It is done along the pathways.

Huge lawn is provided in the lecture rooms block

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YAMUNA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY-

Gadholi, yamunanagar
Intent of studyTo study the space relationshipand the area requirements.

IntroductionYamuna institute of engineering and technology established in 2007 . it runs graduate programs and masters
of business administration courses. It is approved by A.I.C.T.E. Norms.

Branches Offered :
Electronics & Communication Engineering
Computer Engineering
Informational Technology
Mechanical Engineering

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Facilities:
Silent FeaturesLecture Halls
Extra Curricular Activities
Computer Center
Science Lab
Library
Cafeteria
Conference hall
Medical Facilities
Sports
Transportation
Hostel
Planning of academic campusCampus is linear in shape. Having two blocks one is of workshop and another one is of academic and
administrative. Ground floor having administrative block and upper three floors having academic area. It is
open to air from centre having sports area in the central courtyard. Both the blocks are placed parallel to
each other. Blocks are connected to each other from corridor. Campus having proper provision of air and
light in the block.

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