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Physics Homework 10
PR 10. Bunyi
Kerjakan soal di Halliday:
Bab 17 no 1, 6, 12, 18, 28, 35,46.50, 54, 59, 68,

1.) Two spectators at a soccer game in Montjuic Stadium see, and a

moment later hear, the ball being kicked on the playing field. The time
delay for spectator A is 0.23 s, and for spectator B it is 0.12 s. Sight lines
from the two spectators to the player kicking the ball meet at an angle of
900 How far are (a) spectator A and (b) specta-tor B from the player? (c)
How far are the spectators from each other?
B
a. Jarak spectator A:
d = v t
= (343m/s)(0,23s)= 78,89 m 79 m
A

b. Jarak dari spectatator B

dB= v t B = ((343m/s)(0,12s)= 41,16 m
c. Jarak kedua spectator:
2
2
2
2
D = d A +d A = (79 m ) + ( 41 m )

= 89m

41 m

Player

6.) A man strikes one end of a thin rod with a hammer. The speed of
sound in the rod is 15 times the speed of sound in air. A woman, at the
other end with her ear close to the rod, hears the sound of the blow twice
with a 0.12 s interval between; one sound comes through the rod and the
other comes through the air along-side the rod. If the speed of sound in air
is 343 m/s, what is the length of the rod?
Vudara =343 m/s
Vtali=15Vudara= (15)(343) = 5145 m/s
t = 0,12 s
1
(
ts-tr =0,12s = l v

udara

0,12 =

1
v tali

( 3431m/ s 51451m/s )

= 44m

12.) The pressure in a traveling sound wave is given by the equation

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Find the (a) pressure amplitude, (b) frequency, (c) wavelength, and (d)
speed of the wave.
Persamaan gelombang yang berlaku
p = pm sin ( kxt)
a. Amplitudo tekanan = pm=1,50Pa
b. Frekuensi gelombang: =315 ; = 2 f

315 Hz
f= 2 =
= 157,5 158 Hz
2

c. Panjang gelombang: k=0,9 ; k= 2

=

2
k

2
0,9

= 2,22 m

d. Kecepatan gelombang:

315
v =
k = 0,9 = 350m/s
18.) In Fig, 17-33, sound waves A and B, both of
wavelength A, are initially in phase and traveling
rightward, as indicated by the two rays. Wave A
is reflected from four surfaces but ends up traveling in
original direction. Wave B ends in that direction
after reflecting from two surfaces. Let distance
figure be expressed as a multiple q of A: L = qA.
(a) smallest and (b) second smallest values of q
that put A and B exactly out of phase with each other
after the reflections?
a. Interferensi destruktif terjadi
berarti L= /2; L=qA

its
L in the
What are the

jika /2 (atau 3/2, 5/2,).

Terkecil

q=L/ = /2 = 0,5
b. Terkecil kedua terjadi saat L= 3/2; L=qA
q=L/ = 3/2 = 1,5
28.) Two sounds differ in sound level by 1.00 dB. What is the ratio of the
greater intensity to the smaller intensity?

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= 10dB log

I
I0

I0 = 10-12 W/m2. Intensitas I2>I1 dan Taraf Intensitas pertama

I1
I0

log

taraf intensitas kedua

2= 10dB log

I2
I0

dengan

= 10dB

+ 1,0 dB
I2
I0

10dB log

10dB log

I2
I0

10dB log

I1
I0

= 10dB log

I1
I0

log

1,0dB; log

I2
I1

+ 1,0dB
I2

I0

log

I1
I0

= 0,1 dB

= 0,1

Perbandingan ratio intensitas

I2
I1

= 10-0,1=1,26

35.) A point source emits 30.0 W of sound isotropically.A small microphone intercepts the sound in an area of 0.750 cm 2, 200 m from the
source. Calculate (a) the sound intensity there and (b) the power
intercepted by the microphone.
a. Intensitasnya
I=

P
2
4r

30,0W
4 (200 m)2

= 5,97

10-5W/m2

b. Luas area (A)= 0,750 cm2 = 7,5 10-5m2 . Daya microfon P = IA=
(5,97

10-5W/m2)( 7,5 10-5m2) = 4,48

10-9 W

46.) Pipe A, which is 1.20 m long and open at both ends, scillates at its
third lowest harmonic frequency. It is filled with air for which the speed of
sound is 343 m/s. Pipe B, which is closed at one end, oscillates at its
second lowest harmonic frequency. This frequency of B happens to match
the frequency of A. An x axis ex-tends along the interior of B, with x = 0 at
the closed end. (a) How many nodes are along that axis? What are the (b)

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smallest and (c) second smallest value of x locating those nodes? (d)
What is the fundamental frequency of B?
a. fA = fB =

3v
2 LA

3v
4 LB

LB=LA/2 = (1,20m)/2 = 0,60m; Panjang gelombang: = 4LB/3= 4(0,60m)/3

= 0,80 m. Perubahan panjang gelombang pada pipa harmoni terbuka =
/4 = 0,80m/4=0,20m. Panjang gelombang 0,8m dengan perubahan
panjang 0,20m. (0,20m)n=0,80 berarti terdapat n= 3 node.
b. Nilai terkecil dari node x = 0
c. Terkecil kedua dari nilai x adalah 0,40m
d. v=343 m/s. f3= v/= 343/0,8= 428,75

429 Hz. f1=f3/3 = 429Hz/3

143Hz

50.) A tube 1.20 m long is closed at one end. A stretched wire is placed
near the open end. The wire is 0.330 m long and has a mass of 9.60 g. It
is fixed at both ends and oscillates in its funda-mental mode. By
resonance, it sets the air column in the tube into oscillation at that
column's fundamental frequency. Find (a) that frequency and (b) the
tension in the wire.
a. Frekuensi n=1
f=

(1) v suara
4 Ltube

b. f=

(n)v wire
2 Lwire

343 m/s
4(1,20 m)

= 71,5 Hz

2 Lwire

;Tegangannya,

= (2Lwire f)2 (mwire/Lwire) =

4f2mwireLwire = 4(72,5Hz)2(9,60 10-3kg)(0,330m)= 64,8 N

54.) You have five tuning forks that oscillate at close but different
frequencies. What are the (a) maximum and (b) minimum number of
different beat frequencies you can produce by sounding the forks two at a
time, depending on how the frequencies differ?
5!

a. maximum
2!3!

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10
b.nilai minimum pada frekuensi garpu diberi nomor 1 sampai 5,
f n=f 1+ n f
penambahannya
; n=2,3,4,5. Sekarang tinggal 4 frekuensi
yang berbeda

f beat=n f

; n=1,2,3,4

59.) In Fig. 17-41, a French submarine and a US. submarine move toward
each other during maneuvers in motionless water in the North Atlantic.
The French sub moves at speed VF = 50.00 km/h, and the US. sub at Vus
= 70.00 km/h. The French sub sends out a sonar signal (sound wave in
water) at 1.000 X 103 Hz. Sonar waves travel at 5470 km/h. (a) What is
the signal's frequency as de-tected by the US. sub? (b) What frequency is
detected by the French sub in the signal reflected back to it by the US.
sub?

a. Frekuensi yang tedeteksi U.S

F1= F1

v +u2
vu 1

( )

= 103Hz

5470 km/ jam+70 km/ jam

( 5470
km/ jam50 km/ jam )

1,022 10 Hz

v +u 1
'
f
=f
(
)
r
r
b
v

f 1(

v+ u2 v +u1
)(
)
v u2
v

103 Hz (

5470 km / jam+70 km/ jam 5470 km/ jam+50 km/ jam

)(
)
5470 km / jam70 km/ jam
5470 km/ jam

1,035 103 Hz
68.) The shock wave off the cockpit of the FA 18 in picture has an angle of
about 60. The airplane was traveling at about 1350 km/h when the

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photograph was taken. Approximately what was the speed of sound at the
airplane's altitude?

sin =

sin 60=

v
1350(1000)/3600

v =324,76 m/ s

v
vs