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(c) In the situation described the engineer is interested in the lower limit of the lead content.
Test the hypotheis: H0 : = 0.830 versus the one sided alternative H1 : > 0.830 using
the 5% level of significance.
(d) How can you reconcile your answers to b) and c)?
5. Epidemiologists have theorized that the risk of coronary heart disease can be reduced by an
increased consumption of fish. One study, begun in 1980, monitored the diet and health
of a random sample of middle-aged men. The men were divided into groups according to
the number of grams of fish consumed per day. Twenty years later, the level of HDL (good)
cholesterol present in each was recorded. A subset of the results are summarized in the following
table
Sample Size
Sample Mean
Sample Stdev
No Fish Consumption
0 grams/day
29
1.10
0.66
(a) Find 95% confidence intervals for the mean and standard deviation of each group.
(b) Based on the confidence intervals in a) can we say that fish consumption changes the
mean HDL cholesterol level?
(c) Use the 2sample t test with equal variances to test the hypotheses H0 : f ish nof ish = 0
versus H1 : f ish nof ish 6= 0. What is the pvalue of the test?
(d) How can you reconcile your answers to b) and c)?
(e) It would seem that a one sided test of hypotheses would be appropriate for this situation.
Test the hypotheses H0 : f ish nof ish = 0 versus H1 : f ish nof ish > 0. What is
the pvalue of the test?
6. A new coal liquefaction process is being studied. It is claimed that the new process results in
higher yield of distillate synthetic fuel than the current process. The observations, stored in
the file fuel.txt, were obtained on the number of kilograms of distillate synthetic fuel produced
per kilogram of hydrogen consumed in the process. (Liquefaction Process Promised Better
Efficiency, Modern Power Systems, May 1983, p. 13.)
(a) Assuming that these two random variables have the same standard deviation, find the
pooled standard deviation for the two data sets.
(b) Find a 95% confindence interval for the difference of mean distillate.
(c) Test the hypothesis that the new process results in higher yield. What is the p-value of
the test?
(d) Would you recommend the new process?
7. A study was conducted to decide whether a new statistical package has lower cost than the
one currently in use. To do so, 15 data sets are used. Each is analyzed by each package and
the cost of the analysis is recorded. The observations are stored in the file cost.txt.
(a) Find 95% confidence intervals for the costs when using the new and old packages. Can
we determine whether the new package has lower cost than the old one based on these
intervals?
(b) Find a 95% confidence interval of the difference of costs. Can we determine whether the
new package has lower cost than the old one based on this interval?
(c) Carry out a test of hypotheses to determine whether the new package has lower cost than
the old one. What is the pvalue?