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Volume I
AG2012-03
INTRODUCTION
The SEL-311L Line Current Differential System is a digital line current differential relay with an
integrated communications interface. A typical two-terminal line application consists of two
SEL-311L Relays. Direct communication between the relays is performed through a fiber-optic
cable at a distance of up to 120 kilometers. When this distance is longer than 120 kilometers, a
third SEL-311L may be used as a pseudo repeater. This can extend the application of direct fiberoptic cable to lines up to 240 kilometers long.
OVERVIEW
Consider the application shown in Figure 1. At each line terminal, there is an SEL-311L that
measures and communicates local current. A third (master) SEL-311L is used to extend the total
communications distance between the two line-end relays. The master relay does not measure any
local current. It communicates with the two line-end relays, receives the line-end current
measurements, makes a differential trip decision, and communicates that decision back to the
line-end relays. This is useful when the distance between the two terminals is longer than
120 kilometers, the maximum distance of a single point-to-point application. This application is
similar to a three-terminal line with only two communications channels. However, one of the
terminals is essentially open all of the time (i.e., it measures no local current).
All Possible Combinations Used for Local and Remote Currents in a Three-Terminal Application
Possible Combination
Local Current
Remote Current
I1
I2 + I3
I2
I1 + I3
I3
I1 + I2
JK
JK JK
Z InL
JK
JK
Z InR 3
Z InR 2
Z InL + Z InR
JK
Z InR
SEL-311L SETTINGS
The channel settings TIMRX and TIMRY must be set as shown in Table 2 for proper
synchronization.
The relay setting E87L determines the number of terminals in the 87L protection zone. Because
there are only two communications channels, Relay 1 and Relay 2 are set as remote relays and
Relay 3 is set as the master, as shown in Table 2. Note that for this application, all of the relays
must have the same nominal current rating.
Table 2 Relay Settings
Setting
TIMRX
TIMRY
E87L
52A
CT Ratio
(CTR)
CTR_X
CTR_Y
Relay 1
3R
IN101
Actual
Relay 1 CTR
Relay 2
3R
IN101
Actual
Relay 2 CTR
Relay 3
Actual
Relay 1 CTR
Actual
Relay 2 CTR
The logic setting 52A is typically set to follow a breaker status input wired to IN101. In Relay 1
and Relay 2, this should be the case. Relay 3 does not measure local current. Therefore, 52A is
the only local setting that determines if the local 3PO (three-pole open) Relay Word bit asserts.
Differential operate setting 87LPP (phase) doubles and 87LGP (ground) and 87L2P (negativesequence) triple when the local 3PO Relay Word bit is asserted and for three cycles after it
deasserts. This allows for inrush current after a breaker close operation. Set 52A to 1 to maintain
sensitivity at set pickup values. Note that remote terminal 3PO operation also acts to adjust
settings for security during breaker close operations.
The differential pickup settings 87LPP, 87L2P, and 87LGP are in units of secondary amperes,
referenced to the maximum CT ratio. No CT is connected to Relay 3. Therefore, set the CTR
setting associated with Relay 3 to 1 in all relays.
In order to obtain successful communication between the relays, the proper transmit and receive
addresses must be specified in Channel X settings TA_X and RA_X (TA_Y and RA_Y for
Channel Y). Figure 3 shows one possible channel address configuration.
Relay 3
Channel X
Channel Y
TA_X = 2
TA_Y = 4
RA_X = 1
RA_Y = 3
Relay 1
Channel X
TA_X = 1
RA_X = 2
Relay 2
Channel X
TA_X = 3
RA_X = 4
CONCLUSION
When the distance between two SEL-311L Relays is longer than 120 kilometers, a third
SEL-311L may be used as a pseudo repeater. This can extend the application of direct fiber-optic
cable to lines up to 240 kilometers long.
In this case, the line current differential function of the SEL-311L is essentially a two-terminal
application. The third relay measures no physically local current but receives current
measurements from the two line-end terminals and acts as the master, deciding when to trip the
line. The master relay needs to have X and Y communications channels; however, the line-end
terminal relays only need to have one communications channel.
In this application, it is especially important to set 52A = 1 and CTR = 1 in the master relay. In
the line-end terminal relays, it is important to set CTR_X = 1. This ensures that the relay operates
as expected based on the 87LPP, 87L2P, and 87LGP settings.
The SEL-311L has many other functions besides line current differential. However, in this
application guide, we only cover the most important line current differential settings for twoterminal applications that exceed 120 kilometers.
FACTORY ASSISTANCE
We appreciate your interest in SEL products and services. If you have questions or comments,
please contact us at:
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
2350 NE Hopkins Court
Pullman, WA 99163-5603 USA
Telephone: +1.509.332.1890
Fax: +1.509.332.7990
www.selinc.com info@selinc.com
*AG2012-03*
Date Code 20120504