SCIENCE NOTE

BOOK
YEAR 4,5&6
NAME:FARZANA SYAHIRAH
BT MOHD FAIZAL
CLASS:6 KENANGA

Control body temperature

Digestion Drink
Bathe
Clean
AIR
HUMANS NEED AIR TO:
Breathe
FOOD
HUMANS NEED FOOD TO:
Grow
Repair and build tissues
Keep their bodies warm
Defend against diseases
SHELTER
HUMANS NEED SHELTER TO:
Protect themselves during hot, cold
and rainy
Safety and security
Rest and relax

LIVING THINGS HAVE BASIC NEEDS

BASIC NEEDS OF HUMANS
WATER
HUMANS NEED WATER TO:
Cook
Blood circulation

BASIC NEEDS OF ANIMALS

WATER
ANIMALS NEED WATER TO:
Drink
Stay alive

Control body temperature

Remove waste from body
AIR
ANIMALS NEED AIR TO:
Breathe
FOOD
ANIMALS NEED FOOD TO:
Survive
Obtain energy
Grow
Stay healthy
Produce heat to keep their bodies
warm
SHELTER
ANIMALS NEED SHELTER TO:
Protect themselves from
danger(predator, hot and cold
weather and rainy season)

BASIC NEEDS OF PLANTS

SUNLIGHT
PLANTS NEED SUNLIGHT TO:
Make its own food

AIR
PLANTS NEED AIR TO:
Make food
Absorb carbon dioxide and emit
oxygen during photosynthesis
Plants also need oxygen from the
atmosphere for respiration
WATER
PLANTS NEED WATER TO:
Make food
Water helps plant to stay healthy,
fresh and controls their
temperature

2. Exhale
Lung contract
lung windpipe nose/mouth
contains more carbon dioxide &
water vapour
Excrete & defecate
Excrete
1. Removal of waste products from
human body
Waste products
Carbon dioxide
Water
Urea
Excess mineral salts
RESPONE TO STIMULI
To protect ourselves from heat, cold and
thorny object
1. Eye---to light
2. Tongueto taste
3. Earto sound
4. Skinto taste
5. Noseto smell
REPRODUCE
To be replaced by a new generation
1. Need to reproduce to:
Maintain their number
Increases their family
Maintain the balance of nature
BAD HABIT
We should aware that certain bad habits
can harm life processes of human
Can make a person less sensitive and
delay a persons response to stimuli
These bad habits are:
1. Smoking
2. Taking drugs
3. Drinking alcohol
LIFE PROCESSES OF ANIMAL

LIVE PROCESSES
LIVE PROCESSES OF HUMAN
Breathe
Called respiration process
Lungs are breathing organ of human
1. Inhale
Lung expand
Nose/mouth
windpipe lung
Contains more oxygen

EXCRETE & DEFECATE

Organ of animals excretory
Lungs=carbon dioxide, water vapour
Kidneys=urine
Gills= carbon dioxide, water vapour
Skin=sweat
Produce two major excretory
Carbon dioxide
Water vapour
BREATHING
Breathing structure of animal
Lungs

Trachea structure
Moist skin
Book lung
ANIMAL REPRODUCE
Need to reproduce to:
Maintain their number
Increases their number
Maintain the balance of nature
Reproduce in two ways
Laying eggs
Giving birth
PLANT RESPONE TO STIMULI
The movement of a plant involves the growth of
certain parts of the plants
Plant respond to the following stimuli
Gravity
Water
Sun light
Touch
Plant reproduce
Need to be reproduce in order to continue
before exist
Ways of plant reproduce
Seeds
Leaves
Spores
Suckers
Cutting stem
Underground stem

ANIMALS PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM HOT &COLD

WEATHER
Hot weather
Cold weather
Wallowing in mud
Having thick fur
Hide in underground
Hibernate
Able to store water
Migrate to warmer
regions
NATURAL DEFENCE IN PLANTS
Latex
Thick & hard shells/skin
Fine hair
Bad smells
Poisonous
Thorns
SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTC THAT PROTECT PLANTS
IN DRY REGIONS AGAINTS STRONG WIND
Strong wind
Butteres root
Stem which bend easily
Supporting roots
Has small and divided leaves
Hot weather
Waxy and waterproof leaves
Loses it leaves
Hairy surface on leaves
Has leaves which curl up during sunny day
MEASUREMENT
MEASURING LENGTH

ANIMALS PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM DANGER

&EXTREME WEATHER
Special characteristic
Special behavior
Hard scales,
Release poisonous
sting
Ability to change colors
Curl up the body
Strong and sharp horns

Discharge a black ink

Sharp claws

Live in groups

Bad smell

Detach a segment

thick fur,
Hard shells
spines

Pretend to be dead
Hide in a hard shell

Length is the distance between two points

DIFFERENT WAYS OF MEASURING LENGTH
In ancient time, length was measured by
using different parts of the human body
Span
Foot
Stride
Cubit
Arm span
WAYS TO MEASURE
Non-standard
Toolsuniform object
Rope
Match stick
Paper clip
Standard
Measuring tape
Ruler
4

Conversion of units
10mm= 1cm
100cm=1m
1000m=1km
Technique of measuring
Place the ruler as near as possible to the
object to be measured
The position of eyes must be vertically
above the mark to be read

Measuring tools
Measuring scales
Spring balance
Lever balance
Compression balance
Beam balance
Electronic balance
TIME
PERIOD BETWEEN TWO MOMENTS

MEASURING AREA
1. ACIENT TOOLS FOR MEASURING TIME
Sand-glass
Sundial
Grandfather clock
2. In now days
Alarm clock
Wall clock
Pocket watch
Digital clock
Wrist watch
Digital stopwatch
3. Conversation of units
60 sec=1 min
60 min=1 hour
24 hours=1 day
365 day=1 year
10 years=1 decade
10 decade=1 centery
Materials
Classification of materials
wood
VOLUME OF LIQUID
Chair
Book
VOLUME OF SOLID IS TOTAL AMOUNT OF SPACE
Table
OCCUPIED BY THE SOLID
clay
tiles
1. using formula
pot
Volume-Length*width*height
brick
2. unit
rubber
cubic millimeter
balloons
cubic centimeter
eraser
cubic metre
tyre
leather
VOLUME OF LIQUID
shoes
bag
1. UNITS
plastic
Millimeter(ml)
bottles
Liter(l)
plastic ruler
plastic bag
Conversation of units
metal
screw
1000ml=1l
knife
trophy
MASS
coins
glass
Quantity of matter present in the object
plate
Area is the size of surface
Measuring tools and standard units
Units for measuring area are:
Square millimeter
Square centimeter
Square meter
Square kilometer
Formula
Area=length *width

bowl
mirror
Properties of materials
absorb water
materials with holes or pores can
absorb water
allow light to pass through
materials that allow us to see the
object behind them
float
light materials float on water

we cant see very clearly the

objects that are behind them
objects are blur
3. Opaque
dont allow any light to pass
through
we cant see the object that
are behind them

elastic
can return to its original shape after
the force is removed

Natural & Man-made materials

1. Natural
Animal
wool
Conductor & Insulators
Silk
Conductors
silkworm
material that allow electricity to
plant
flow through are electric
wood
conductors
cotton
bamboo
materials that conduct heat are
rubber
heat conductors
underground
resources
all metals are conductors
metal
pencil lead is the only non-metal
rocks
which conduct electricity
2. Man-made
Insulators
plastic
materials that dont conduct
synthetic cloth
electricity are electric insulators
artificial leather
materials that dont conduct heat
are heat insulators
Reuse, Reduce & Recycle
Ability of materials to allow light to 1. Reuse
pass through them
reuse instead of throwing away
2. Reduce
1. Transparent
Reduce the amount of materials that we use
everyday
allow light to pass through
use less plastic/paper to conserve the
them
resources
we can see clearly the objects
use public transport/travel by car pool
that are behind them
3.
Recycle
2. Translucent
convert waste materials into reusable materials
allow some light to pass
through

COAT WITH GREASE/OIL

COAT WITH PAINT
COVER WITH PAPER/PLASTIC
COAT WITH OHER OBJECT
THAT NOT RUST
THE ADVANTAGES OF PREVENTING RUSTING
OBJECT CAN LAST
LONGER
PREVENTS THE RUSTING
OF TIN AND CANSWHICH
WILL CAUSE FOOD
POISONING
OBJECT LOOK
CLEAN,SHINY
&BEAUTIFUL
REDUCE MAINTENANNCE
COSTS

Rusty object
Tin
Chain
Iron nail
Needle
can
saw

Rusting
Non-rusty object
Pitcher
Chair
Boots
Pencil
Eraser
Glass
Pail

RUSTY OBJECT
things that are made of iron
easily to get rust
redish-brown substances
formed on the surface of an
object
look unattractive and old
become britle and corrode
slowly
METHODS TO PREVENT RUSTING