IS : 4691 - 1985

Indian Standard

( Reaffirmed 1999 )

DEGREES OF
PROTECTION PROVIDED BY
ENCLOSURk
FOR ROTATING
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY

(First Revision)
~ -~Third Reprint APRIL

UDC 621.313-13

1997

: 621.3-783.3

0 Copyright 1987

BUREAU
MANAK

OF

HHAVAN,

INDIAN
9 RAHADUR

NEW

Gr7

DELHI

STANDARDS
SHAH

ZAFAR

MARG

II0002

February 1987

IS :

4691. 1985

Indian Standard
DEGREES OF
PROTECTION PROVIDED BY
ENCLOSURES FOR ROTATING
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY

( First Revision )
Rotating

Machinery

Sectional

Committee,

ZTDC

15

Representing

Chairman

Indian
Electrical
Bombay

SHRI S. G. R.~x~~HAxDR.~

Manufacturers

Association,

DR G. M. PHIDKE ( Altmate to
Shri S. G. Ramachandra )
Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, New
SHRI R. S. ARORA
Delhi
SHRI K. L. GARC ( Alternate )
Guest, Keen. Williams, Ltd, Bombay
SHRI
P. R. B.QAT
SHRI
A. S. ABHSASXAR ( Alternate )
Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
CHIEF ENGINEER(E) , I I
SURVEYOROF WOnnS II ( AIternatc )
Bharat Bijlee L:d, Bombay
SHRI S. G. DESHXIXH
SHR~ A. V. BHaLERAO ( Alternate )
Central Electricity Authority, New Delhi
DIRECTOR ( HTD 1 )
DEPUTY DJXECT~R ( HTD 1 ) ( Alternafe )
Walchandnagar Industries Ltd, ~\:alchandnagar
SHR1A.G. DOSHI
SHRI S. S. K~LXA~NI ( A~ternale )
Rural Electrification Corporation Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI G.L.Drl\
SARI S. K. SETHI ( AIternafe )
Kirloskar Electric Co Ltd, Bangalore
S~RIM. GANESH
SHKI N. A. JANARDAN RAO ( Alternate I )
!jHRI K. V. MANJUNATH ( Alternote 11 )
Steel Authority of India L-d ( Bhilai Steel Plant ),
SHRI A. GANGELI
Bhilai
Sang K. p\T.aRAY.kNAN
( A~lernate )
Siemens India Ltd, Bombay
SHRI S. N. GHOSH
SHll1 V. R.maswaa~~ ( Alternate )
JOINT DIRECTOR STANDARDS Railway Board, h4inisrry of Railways
( ELE( T )/3
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR ( ELECT ) B-2 ( Alternate )

BUREAU

OF

INDIAN

STANDARDS

This publication is protected under the In&n Copy@

Act ( X11 of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

IS : 4691- 1985
(

Centinurdjwn pap 1 )
MImb

Repesdng

#lS

SRRI Y. C. LUMBA

The General Electric Co of India Ltd, Calcutta

SHRI P. MAJUMDAR ( ABemate)

SHRI B. MUKHOPADEYAY
National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI SANATE KUXAR ( Alternate )
SHRI A. S. NAO
Army Headquarters, Ministry of Defence
SHRJ H. S. PANESAR ( Alternute )
SERI J. M. NAIK
Millowners Association, Bombay
SHRI S. SARUP ( Altema~c )
SHRI SHIV NARAYAN
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd, Hyderabad
SHRI C. K. MOHAN SASTRY ( Alternate I )
SHRI S. S. RAO ( Altrrnote II )
DR M. S. PADBIDRI
Hindustan Brown Boveri Ltd, Vadodara

SHRI M. RAMAKRISHNA RAO ( Alfemats

SRRI D. P. PATEL
Crompton Greaves Ltd, Bombay
SHRI C. P. DUSAD ( Alternate )
SHRI P. L. PRADHAN
Jyoti Ltd, Vadodara
SHRI B. RAQHUNATH ( Altern& )

SHRI A. D. RANQNEKAR
Tata Consulting Engineers, Bombay
SHRI M. E. REDDY ( Alternate )
SHRISATOHIDANAND
Delhi Electric Supply Undertaking, New Delhi
SRRIY. P. SINaH ( Alternate )
SHRI S.L. SBIDHARAMURTHY
NGEF Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI H. A. P. IYER ( _+flt6rnatr )
Direntorate of Standardization, Ministry of Defence
LT-COL A. K. SRIVASTAVA
( DGI )
MAJ J. SEBASTIAN ( Ahnate
)
SHRI J. M. UDIA
Directorate General of Technical
Development,
New Delhi
SHRI S. P. S~CIXDEV,
Director General, ISI ( Ex-oficio Membsr )
Director ( Elec tech )
Secrutary
SHRI R. K. MONQA
Joint Director ( Elec tech ), IS1

Industrial Motors Subcommittee,

ETDC

15 : 1

Consener
SHRI S. N. GHOSH

Siemens India Ltd, Bombay

Members
SERI V. R~ASWAMY

( Alternate ta
Shri S. N. Ghosh )
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd, Hyderabad
SHRI R. K. ACQARWAL
SHRI M. H. JAFRI ( Alternate I )
SHRI P. V. SATHE ( Alternate II )
Direct;t;e
General of Supplies & Disposals, New
SERI J. L. CHHABRA
DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF
INSPECTION( Alternate )

( Continurd on page 27 )
2

IS : 4691- 1985

Indian Standard
DEGREES OF
PROTECTION PROVIDED BY
ENCLOSURES FOR ROTATING
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY

( First Revision )
0.

FOREWORD

0.1 This

Indian
Standard
( First Revision ) was adopted by the Indian
Standards
Institution
on 29 October 1985, after the draft finalized by the
Rotating
Machinery
Sectional
Committee
had been approved
by the
Electrotechnical
Division Council.
0.2 This standard

is intended

to serve as a guide

to describe:

a) Definitions
for standard
degrees of protection
provided
by
enclosures applicable
to electrical rotating machines as regards:
i) Protection
of persons against contact with approach to live
parts and against contact
with moving parts ( other than
smooth rotating shafts and the like ) inside the enclosure and
protection
of machines
against
ingress of solid foreign
objects;
ii) Protection of machines
ingress of water;
b) Designations

against

of these protective

c) Tests to be performed
ments of this standard.

the harmful

degrees;

effects due to the

and

to check that machines

meet the require-

0.3 This standard

was issued in 1968 to classify the enclosures in simple
manner
and the tests to verify the degree of protection offered by these
enclosures to the electrical rotating machines.
0.4 In the first revision
follows:
a) Use of letters

of this standard,

the major

changes

S and M ( see 2.2.1 ) has been defined

b) Requirements
concerning
external
( see 3.4 ) have been added,
3

made

are as

clearly,

fans ( see 3.3 ) and drain

holes

IS : 4691 - 1985
c) Principle
of a protection
against
approach
to live and
moving
parts
necessary
for rotating
electrical
machines
has been specified in Table 1,
cl) First
characteristic
used for rotating
ej Tests
given
f)
0.5

First

numeral
6, has not been
electrical
machines,

and acceptance
conditions
in Tables
3 and 4, and
characteristic

numeral

specified

as it is not

of the characteristics

3 has been

added

have

in Table

been

1.

The

requirements
relating
to weather
protected
enclosures
( marked
\V in 2.2.2 and 4.1.2 ) have not been specified
in this standard.
The degree of protection
IP 34, IP 55 or superior
is preferred
over
W
type protection
which is intended
for internally
air cooled
machines
with
open
circuit
cooling.
W type protection
is not commonly
required
for
Indian
climate
conditions,
however,
if required
by the user, the requirements
and
tests shall
be subject to the mutual
agreement
between
the
manufacturer
and the user.

with letter

0.6 In the preparation

of this standard,
considerable
derived
from IEC Publication
34-1( 1981 ) Rotating
Part 3 Classification
of degres of protection
provided
machines
rotating
issued
by
the
International
Commission
( IEC ).
0.7 For the purpose
of
this standard
is complied
expressing
the result
of
The number
IS : 2-1960*.
off value
should
be the
standard.

assistance
has been
electrical
machines:
by enclosures
for
Electrotechnical

deciding
whether
a particular
requirement
of
with. the final value,
observed
or calculated,
a test, shall be rounded
off in accordance
with
of significant
places retained
in the rounded
same
as that
of the specified
value
in this

1. SCOPE
1.1 This
provided

standard
applies
to the
by enciosures
for rotating

1.2 This
enclosures

standard
defines
shall comply.

1.3 This
suitable
material
standard
*Rules

the

classification
machines.
requirements

of degrees
with

which

of protection
protective

standard
deals only ivith enclosures
that are in ail other respects
for their
intended
use and
w!lich
from the point of vielv of
and Tvorkmanship
enstire that the properties
dealt
cvith in this
are maintained
under the normal
conditions
of use.
for rounding

off numerical

values

/ rr&-d ).

IS : 4691 - 1985
1.4 This
standard
does not specify degrees
of protection
against
or conditions
such as moisture
mechanical
damage
of the machine,
( produced for example, by condensation
) corrosive vapours, fungus or
vermin.
This standard
does not specify types of protections of electric
machines for the use in an explosive gas atmospheres.
1.5 Fences external
to the enclosure which
for the safety of personnel
are not considered
are not dealt with in this standard.

have to be provided solely

part of the enclosure
and

2. DESIGNATION
2.0 The designation
used for the degree of protection
consists of the
letters IP followed by two characteristic
numerals
signifying
conformity
with the conditions
indicated
in 3 and 4 and Tables 1 and 2 respectively.
2.1 Single Characteristic
Numeral
- When it is required to indicate
a degree of protection
by only one characteristic
numeral,
the omitted
numeral
shall be replaced by the letter X. For example, IPX5 or IP2X.
2.2 Supplementary
Letters - Additional
indicated
by a supplementary
letter.

information

may

be

( such as
2.2.1 Letters Followin,o Numerals - In special applications
machines
with open circuit
cooling for ship deck installation
with air
inlet and outlet openings
closed during
standstill ) numerals
may be
followed
by a letter indicating
whether the protection against harmful
effects due to ingress of water was verified or tested for the machine
not running
( letter S ) or the machine running ( letter M ). In this
shall be
case, the degree of protection
in either state of the machine
indicated,
for example, IP55S/IP20M.
The absence
of the letters M and S sha!l imply that the intended
degree of protection
was tested in both the cases, machine
running
and
machine not running
[ see also 6.0 ( Note ) 1.
2.2.2 Letters Placed Immediately A4fter the Letters IP - For machines
suitable for use under specified weather conditions
and provided
with
additional
protective features or processes, the letter JV ( placed immediately after the letters IP ) may be used.
5

IS : 4691.1985

2.3 Example

of Designation

CHARAC

TIC

1st CHARACTERISTIC
(see Table 1)
2nd
(see

CHARACTERISTIC
Table 2)

LETTERS

NUMERAL

NUMERAL

2.4

The most frequently

used degrees of protection
machines
are given in Appendix A.

3. DEGREES OF PROTECTION
NUMERAL

FIRST

for electrical

rotating

CHARACTERISTIC

3.1 The first characteristic

numeral
indicates the degree of protection
provided by the enclosure with respect to persons and also to the parts
of the machine inside the enclosure.
3.1.1 Table 1 gives, in co1 3, brief details of objects
excluded
,from the enclosure
for each of the degrees
represented
by the first characteristic
numeral.

which will be
of protection

The term excluded implies that a part of the body, or a tool or a

wire held by a person, either will not enter the machine or, if it enters,
that adequate clearance will be maintained
between it and the live parts
or dangerous moving parts ( smooth rotating shafts and the like are not
considered
dangerous ).
3.1.2 Column 3 of Table 1 also indicates
the minimum
size of solid
foreign objects which will be excluded from entering the enclosure.
3.2 Compliance
of an enclosure with an indicated
degree of protection
implies
that the enclosure
will also comply with all lower degrees of
protection
in Table 1. In consequence,
the tests establishing
these lower
degrees of protection are not required, except in case of doubt.
6

IS : 4691 - 1985
TABLE

FIRST
CHARACTERISTIIc NUMERAL

DEGREES
OF PROTECTION
INDICATED
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL

BY THE

FIRST

[ Chuses 0.4(c), 2.0, 2.3, 3.1.1, 3.1.3 and 3.2 ]

--T

TEST
CONDXIIC NS

DEGREE OF PRoTEC710N
Definition

Brief Description*

(1)

(4)

(3)

(2)

Non-protected
machine

No special protection

*t

protected
Machine
against solid objects
greater than 50 mm

a) Accidental
or inadvertent
contact
with or approach to
live
and
moving
parts inside the enclosure by a large
surface
of
the
human body, such
as a hand ( but no
protection
against
deliberate access )

No test, but se 3.3

b) Ingress
of
solid
objects
exceeding
50 mm in diameter
2t

protected
hlachine
against solid objects
greater than 12 mm

al Contact by fingers or
similar objects not
exceeding
80 mm
in length with or
approach to live or
moving parts inside
the enclosure

As specified in
Table 3

b) Ingress

of
solid
objects
exceeding
12 mm in diameter

3t

Machine
protected
against sol&l objects
greater than 25 mm

a) Contact
with
or
approach to live or
moving parts inside
the
enclosure
by
tools or wires exceeding 2.5 mm in
diamrter
b) Ingress
of
solid
objects
exceeding
2.5 mm in diameter

.a.
4

( Continued )

IS : 4691- 1985
TABLE

DEGREES
OF PROTECTION
INDIClATED
BY THE
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL
- Contd

DEQREE OF PROTECTION

FIRST
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL

Brief

FIRST

TEST
CONDITIONS

Definition

Description*

-I

(1)
4t

(3)

(4)

-l
Machine
against
greater

a) Contact
with
or
approach
to live or
moving parts
inside
the
enclosure
by
wires
or strips
of
thickness
greater
than
1 mm
in
diameter

protected
solid objects
than 1 mm

b) Ingress
of
solid
exceeding
objects
1 mm in diameter

_- 53

Dust-protected
machine

! As snecified
Contact
with
or
approach
to live or
moving parts inside
the enclosure

Table

in

b) Ingress

of dust
is
not totally prevented but dust
does
not enter in sufficient
quantity
to
interfere
with satisfactory
operation
of the machine

form

*The brief description

of protection.

given

in co1 2 of this table

should

not be used to

specifv

the

+Machines
assigned
first characteristic
numeral
1, 2, 3 or 4 will exclude
both
regularly
or irregulariy
shaped solid objects provided
that three normally
perpendicular
dimensions
of the object exceed the appropriate
figure in co1 Definition.
#,The degree of protection
against dust defined by this standard
is a general
one.
When the nature of the dust (dimensions
of particles,
their nature,
for instance fibrous
particles)
is specified,
test conditions
should
be determined
by agreement
between
manufacturer
and the user.

IS : 4691- 1985
3.3 External
Fans - The blades and spokes of fans external to the
enclosure shall be protected against contact by means of guards complying with the following requirements:
Test of Fun

Protection of Machine
IPOX
IP2X
3.3.1

and IPlX

50 mm sphere

to IP5X

Finger

For this test, the rotor

3.3.2 Smooth
dangerous.

rotating

is slowly rotated

shafts

and

similar

test

test

by hand.
parts

are

not considered

domestic appliances ) more

NOTE - In certain applications ( such as agricultural
extensive precautions against accidental or deliberate contact may be required, if
specified.

3.4 Drain

HoIes

3.4.1 If the enclosure

is provided

with drain holes, the following

shall

apply:
a) Drain holes intended normally
opened during testing.

to be opened

b) Drain holes intended

closed during testing.

to be closed on site shall

normally

3.4.2 Drain
holes of machines
have IPPX protection.
3.4.3 Drain
protection.
4. DEGREES

NUMERAL

holes of machines

with

protection

with protection

OF PROTECTION

SECOND

on site shall be kept

IP3X
IP5X

be kept

or IP4X

shall

have

may
IP4X

CHARACTERISTIC

4.1 The second

provided
of water.

characteristic
rmmeral indicates the degree of protection
by the enclosure with respect to harmful effects due to ingress

4.1.1 Table
2 gives, in column
3, details of the type of protection
provided by the enclosure for each of the degrees of protection
represented by the second characteristic
numeral.
4.1.2 A machine
is weather-protected
when its design reduces the
ingress of rain, snow and air-borne particles., under specified conditions,
to an amount consistent with correct operation.
The degree of protection is designated
by the letter IV ( placed between IP and the numera!s ).
4.2 Compliance
of an enclosure
implies
that the enclosure
will
protection in Table 2.

with an indicated degree of protection

also comply with all lower degrees of
9

IS :4691-1985
4.2.1 In

protection

consequence,
the tests establishing
these
are not required, except in case of doubt.

lower

degrees

of

5. MARKING
5.1 It is recommended
that the characteristic
letters and numerals
be
marked on the rating plate, or if this is not practicable,
on the enclosure.
5.2 When all parts of a machine
do not have the same degree of
protection,
the designation
of the lowest degree shall be shown first,
followed if applicable by the other designation
with reference to the part
to which it applies.
5.3 Where the mounting of the machine has an influence on the degree
of protection,
the intended
mounting
arrangement
shall be indicated by
the manufacturer
on the rating plate or in his instructions
for mounting.
6. GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
FOR TESTS
6.0 The tests specified
in this standard
are type tests.
They shall be
carried out on standard products or models of them.
Where this is not
feasible, verification
and test should be the subject of an agreement
between manufacturer
and the user. Unless otherwise specified, the samples
of machines
for each test shall be in clean and new condition,
with all
the parts in place and mounted
in the manner
stated by the manufacturer.
In the case of first characteristic
numerals
1 and 2 and second
characteristic
numerals
1, 2, 3 and 4 a visual inspection
may, in certain
obvious cases, show that the intended degree of protection is obtained.
In such cases, no test need be made.
However, in case of doubt, tests
are to be made as prescribed in 7 and 8.
out test for first and second
NOTE - Due to lack of testing facility to carry
characteristic
numerals under running conditions
(M), the tests under
this condition
may be waived off till the facility is created in the country.

6.1 Adequate

Clearance
- For the purpose
of test clauses in this
standard,
the term adequate clearance has the following meaning:
a) Low-Voltage Machines ( Rated Voltages not Exceeding UC: I 000 V and
dc: I 500 V) - The test device ( sphere, finger, wire, etc ) does
not touch the live parts or moving parts other than non-dangerous parts such as smooth rotating shafts.
b) High- Voltage Machines ( Rated Voltages Exceeding ac: I 000 V and dc:
I 500 V) - When the test device is placed in the most unfavourable position(s),
the machine shall be capable
of withstanding
the dielectric test applicable to the machine.
NOTE .- This dielectric
test requirement
may be replaced
dimension
in air which would ensure that thts test would
most unfavourable
electrical
field configuration.

7. TESTS

FOR FIRST CHARACTERISTIC

7.1 Test and

given in Table

acceptance
3

conditions

by a specified
be satisfactory

NUMERAL

for first characteristic

10

clearance
under the

numeral

are

IS : 4691.1985
TABLE

DEGREES

OF PROTECTION
CHARACTERISTIC
( Clauses 2.0, 2.3,

SECOSD
CHARACTERISTIC
NU~IERAL

(1)

DEGREE

I
Brief

4.1.1

and4.2

SECOND

TEST

Definition

Description*

(2)

Non-protected

Machine
against

Machine
protected
against dripping water
when tilted up to 15

BY THE

OF Pnocrcvo?;

Machine
against

INDICATED
NUMERAL

No special

machine

Vertically
dripping
water shall
have no
harmful
effect when
the machine
is tilted
at any angle
up to
15 from
its normal
position

:II

Water falling as a spra!

at an angle up to 60
from
the
vertical
shall have no harmful
effect

Machine
protected
against splashing water

Watersplashing
against
the
machine
from
any
direction
shall
have
no
harmful
effect

Machine
agamst

Water
projected
by a
nozzle
against
the
machine
from
an\
direction
shall have
no harmful effect

protected
water jets

No Test

Dripping
water ( vertically
falling
drops )
shall have no harmful
effect

protected
dripping water

protected
spraying water

protection

As specified
Table 4

in

Continued

11

IS:4691-1985
TABLE

SECOND
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL

DEGREES
OF PROTECTION
INDICATED
BY THE
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL
- Contd
DEQREE OF PROTECTION
Brief Description*

TEST
CONDITIONS

Definition

(1)

-I

(3)

(2)

Machine protected
against heavy seas

Water from heavy seas

or water projected
from all directions in
powerful jets
shall
not enter the machine
in
harmful
quantities

protected
Machine
against the effects of
immersion

[ngress of water in the

machine
in a harmfull quantity shall be
not possible when the
machine is immersed
in water under statof
ed conditions
pressure and time

protected
Machine
continuous
against
submersion

SECOND

(4)

As specified in
Table 4

The machine is suitable

for
continuous submersions in water under condtions which
shall be specified by
the manufacturer
NOTE - Normally,
:his will mean that the
machineis hermetically
Lealed. However, with
certain types of machines it can mean that
water can enter but
only in such a manner
that it produces no
harmful effect.

*The brief description

form of protection.

given in co1 2 of this table

shall

not be used to specify the

IS : 4691 - 1985
TABLE

TEST

AND ACCEPTANCE
CHARACTERISTIC
[ Clauses 0.4(e),

FIRST
CHARACTERISTIC:
NUMEHAL
/

CONDITIONS
NUMERAL

FOR

FIRST

and 7.1; and Table 1 ]

TEST AND ACTEPTAP;CE COXDITIONS

No test is required.

_
The test is made with a rigid sphere of 50 ? $05 mm diameter
against the opening(s)
in the enclosure
with a force of 50 N i
cent.

applied
10 per-

The protection
is satisfactory
if the sphere
does not pass through
any opening and adequate
clearance
is maintained
to parts which
are
normally
live in service or moving parts inside the machine.

_ -a) Finger

--

Test

The test is made with a metallic

test finger as shown in Fig. 1. Both
joints of this finger may be bent through
an angle of 90 with respect
to the axis of the linger,
but in one and the same direction
only.
The finger
is pushed
without
undue
force ( not more than 10 N )
against any openings in the enclosure
and, if it enters,
is placed
in
every possible position.
The protection
is satisfactory
if adequate
clearance
is maintained
between the test finger and live or moving parts inside the enclosure.
I-Iowever, it is permissible
to touch smooth rotating
shafts and similar
non-dangerous
parts.
For this test, the internal
where this is possible.

moving

parts

may

be operated

slowly,

For tests on low-voltage

machine,
a low-voltage
supply
( of not less
than 40 V ) in series with a suitable lamp may be connected
between
Conducting
the test finger and the live parts inside the enclosure.
parts covered only with varnish or paint,
or protected
by oxidation
or by a similar process, shall he covered with a metal foil electrically
connected
to those parts
which
are normally
live in service.
The
protection
is satisfactory
if the lamp does not light.
For high-voltage
machines,
adequate
clearance
dielectric
test, or by a measurement
of clearance
ance with the principles
of 6.1(b).

by
a
is verified
distance
in accord-

I
(

13

Contimed)

IS :4691- 1985
TABLE

TEST AND ACCEPTANCE

CONDITIONS
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL
- Cod

FIRST
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL

2 ( Confd)

FOR FIRST

TEST AND ACCBPT~NCE CONDITIONS

b) Sphere l-at
The test is made with a rigid sphere of 12.0 _ Ko5 mm diameter

ed to the openings of the enclosure

cent.

with

a force

appli-

of 30 N + 10 per-

The protection is satisfactory if the sphere does not pass through any
opening and adequate
clearance
is maintained
to live or moving
parts inside the machine.
test is made
with
a straight rigid steel wire or rod of
The
2.5 Ito5
mm diameter applied with a force of 3 N f 10 percent.

The end of the wire

angles to its length.
The protection
enclosure.
.__4

or rod shall

is satisfactory

be free from burrs and at right

if the wire

or rod cannot enter the

..~

The test is made with a straight rigid steel wire of 1 r z05 mm diameter applied with a force of 1 N f 10 percent. The end of the wire
or rod shall be free from burrs and at right angles to its length.

I The

I
5

protection

a) Dust

is satisfactory

if the wire cannot .enter the enclosure.

Test

The test is made using equipment

incorporating
the basic principles
shown in Fig. 2, in which talcum powder is maintained
in suspension
The talcum powder used shall be
in a suitable closed test chamber.
able to pass through a square-meshed
sieve whose nominal wire
diameter
is 50 ym and the nominal width between wires is 75 pm
[ see IS : 460 ( Part 1 j-1978* 1. The amount of talcum powder to
be used is 2 kg per cubic metre of the test chamber volume.
It shall
not have been used for more than 20 tests.
Electrical
machines have an enclosure where the normal operating
cycle of the machine causes reductions in the air pressure within the
enclosure in relation
to the ambient
atmospheric
pressures.
These
reductions
may be due, for examvIe,
to thermal cycling
effects
( category 1 ).
*Specification
reoision ).

for test sieves:

Part

I Wire cloth test sieves ( second

( Continued )

14

IS:4691TABLE

TEST AND ACCEPTANCE

CONDITIONS
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL
- Co&

FOR

1985

FIRST

FIRST
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL

5 ( Contd )

TEST AND ACCEPTANCE CONDITIONS

For this test the machine is supported inside the test chamber and the
pressure inside the machine is maintained below atmospheric pressure
by a vacuum pump.
If the enclosure has a single drain hold, the
suction connection shall be made to one hole specially provided for
the purpose of the test, except if the drain hole .is intended normally
to be closed on site ( see 3.4 ).
The object of the test is to draw into the machine, if possible of
at least 80 times the volume of air in the enclosure without exceed?lng
an extraction rate of 60 volumes per hour with a suitable depression.
In no event shall the depression exceed 20 m bar on the manometer
shown in Fig. 2.
If an extraction
rate of 40 to 60 volumes per hour is obtained, the
test is stopped after 2 h.
If, with a maximum depression of 20 m bar, the extraction
rate is
less than 41 volumes per hours, the test is continued until 80 volumes
hav: been drawn through or a period of 8 h has elapsed.
If it is impracticable
one of the following

to test the complete machine in the test chamber,

procedures shall be applied:

a) testing of individually enclosed sections of the machine

boxes, slip-ring houses, etc j;

( terminal

b) testing of representative
parts of the machine, comprising components, such as doors, ventilating openings, joints, shaft seals, etc,
with the vulnerable parts of the machine, such as terminals,
sliprings, etc, in position at the time of testing;
c) testing of smaller
details; and

machine

having

the same

full

scale

design

d) testing under conditions

determined
by agreement between the
manufacturer
and the user.
In the case of(b) and (c) above, the volume of air to be drawn
through the machine under test is as specified for the whole machine
in full scale.
The protection is satisfactory if, on inspection, talcum powder has not
accumulated in a quantity or location such that, as with any kind of
ordinary dust ( for example,
non-conductive,
non-combustible,
nonexplosive
or chemically
corrosive dust ) it could interfere with the
correct operation of the machine.
b) Wirc

Test

If the machine is provided with a drain hole, this shall be tested in

the same manner as the first characteristic
numeral 4, that is using a
1 mm diameter wire.

15

u
Roth joints of this finger
Tolerances:
on angles: & 5
on linear dimensions:

may

be bent

through

an angle

of 90, but in one and the same

legs than 25 mm: _ n.ns

- _
f 0.2
over 25 mm:
All dimensions

FIG. 1

in millimetres.

STANDARD

TESTFINGER

direction

only.

IS : 4691- 1985

GLASS

WINDOW

PRESSURE

GAUGE

GUARD
SCREEN
/-CIRCULATING

FIG. 2

PUMP

EQUIPMENT TO PROTE PRODUCTION AGAINST DUST

8. TESTS FOR SECOND

CHARACTERISTIC

NUMERAL

8.1 Test

Conditions - Test
conditions
for second
characteristic
The test shall be conducted with fresh
numeral
are given in Table 4.
During the test, the moisture contained inside the enclosure
may
water.
The dew which may thus be deposited should not
be partly condensed.
be mistaken for an ingress of water.
8.1.1 For the purpose of the tests, the surface
shall be calculated
with an accuracy of 10 percent.
8.1.2 Adequate
safety precautions
machine in the energized condition.

should

17

be

area of the machine

taken

when

testing

IS:46919

1985

8.2 Acceptance
Conditions
- After
the test in
accordance
with
Table 4 has been carried out, the machine shall be inspected for ingress of
water and subjected to the verifications
and tests given in 8.2.1 and 8.2.2.
TABLE

TEST

CONDITIONS

FOR SECOND

CHARACTERISTIC

NUMERAL

[ Clauses 0.4 (e), 8, I and 8.2; and Table2 ]

SECOND

TEST CONDITIONS

CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL
0

No test is required.

The test is made by means of an equipment the principle of which

is
shown in Fig. 3, the rate of discharge shall be reasonably
uniform
over the whole area of the apparatus and shall produce a rainfall of
between 3 mm and 5 mm of the water per minute ( in the case of
equipment according
to Fig. 3, this corresponds to a fall in water
level of 3 mm to 5 mm per minute ).
The machine
under test is placed in its normal operating position
under the dripping equipment, the base of which shall be larger than
that of the machine under test. Except for machines designed for
wall or ceiling mounting,
the support for the enclosure under test
should be smaller than the base of the enclosure.
The machine normaIIy fixed to a wall or ceiling is fixed in its normal
position
of use to wooden board having dimensions which are equal
to those of that surface of the machine which is in contact with the
wall or ceiling when the machine is mounted as in normal use.

The duration

of the test shall be 10 min.

The dripping
characteristic
discharge.

equipment is the same as that

numeral I and is adjusted

specified for the second

to give the same rate of

The machine is tested for 2.5 min in each of four fixed positions of
tilt. These positions are 15 either side of the vertical in two mutually
perpendicular planes.
The total duration

of the test shall be 10 min.

The test shall be made using equipment such as is shown in Fig. 4,

provided
that the dimensions and shape of the machine to be tested
are such that the radius of the oscillating tube does not exceed 1 m.
Where this condition
cannot be fulfilled, a hand-held spray device,
ss shown in Fig. 5, shall be used.
( Continued )

18

IS : 46911 1985
TABLE

TEST

CONDITIONS
FOR SECOND
NUMERAL
- Contd

CHARACTERISTIC

SECOND

CHARACTERISTIC c
NUMERAL

TEST CONDITIONS

-3 ( Conld )

when using test equipment as shown in Fig. 4 - Water

pressure: 80 kPa ( 0.8 bar ) approximately.
The water supply
shall be capable of delivering at least 10 l/mix-r. The tube is
provided with spray holes over an arc of 60 either side of the
centre noint and shall be fixed in a vertical
nosition:
the test
machine
is mounted on turn- table with a Vertical axis and
is located at approximately
the centre point of the semicircle.
The turntable is rotated at a convenient speed so that all parts of
the machine are wetted during the test.

aI) Conditions

The minimum

test duration

shall be 10 min.

1) Conditions when using test equipment as in Fig. 5

-I_

--4

The moving shield shall be in place for this test.

pressure is adjusted to give a delivery rate of 10 f 0.5
sure approximately
80-100 kPa ( 08-10 bar )]. The
shall be 1 min per m2 of calculated surface area of
( excluding any mounting surface ) with a minimum
5 min.

The water
l/min[ prestest duration
the machine
duration of

The conditions for deciding whether the apparatus of Fig. 4 or

that of Fig. 5 should be used are the same as stated for the second
characteristic
numeral 3.
I) Using the equipment of Fig. 4.
The oscillating tube has holes drilled over the whole 180 of the
semicircle.
The test duration,
the rotation of the turntable and
the water pressure are the same as for second
characteristic
numeral 3.
The support for the
to avotd acting as a
every direction
by
limit of its travel in

machine under test shall be perforated so as

baffle and the enclosure shall be sprayed from
oscillating
the tube at a rate of 6O/sto the
each direction.

b) Using the equipment of Fig. 5

The moving shield is removed from the spray
machine is sprayed from all practicable
directions.

nozzle

and the

The rate of water delivery and the spraying time per unit area
are the same as for second characteristic
numeral 3.

( Continued )

19

IS : 4691 - 1985
TABLE

TEST

CONDITIONS
FOR SECOND
NUMERAL
- Contd

SFCOND
CEARACTERlSTI
NUMERAL

TEST

CHARACTERISTIC

CONDITIONS

The test is made by spraying the machine from all practicable

directions with a stream of water from a standard test nozzle as shown in
Fig:-6.
The conditions to be observed are as follows:
a) nozzle internal diameter:
b) delivery

6.3 mm;

rate 12.5 l/min *

5 Fercent;

c) water pressure at the nozzle, approximately

( seeNote 1 );
d) test duration
e) minimum
f)

30 kPa ( 0.3 bar

per m* of surface area of machine:

test duration:

1 min;

3 min; and

distance from nozzle to machine surface: approximately

3 m
( see Note 2 ) ( this distance may be reduced if necessary to
ensure Proper wetting when spraying upwards ).

The test is made by spraying the machine from all practicable directions with a stream of water from a standard test nozzle as in Fig. 6.
The conditions to be observed are as follows:
a) nozzle internal
b) delivery

diameter:

12.5 mm;

rate: 100 l/min + 5 percent;

c) water pressure at the nozzle: approximately

100 kPa ( 1 bar )
(see Note 1 );
d) test duration per m of surface area of machine: 1 min;
e) minimum

test duration:

f ) distance from
( see Note 2 ).

nozzle

3 min, and
to machine surface:

The test is made by completely immersing

rhat the folowing conditions are satisfied:

the

approximately

machine

in water

3 m

so

a) the surface of the water shall be at least 150 mm above the

highest point OT the machine;
b) the lowest portion of the machine shall be at least 1 m below
the surface of the water;

c) the duration of the test shall be at least 30 min; and

d) the water temperature
by more than 5OC.

20

shall not differ from that of the machine

IS : 4691 - 1985
TABLE

TEST

CONDITIONS
FOR SECOND
NUMERAL
- Contd

SECOND
CHARACTERISTIC
NUMERAL

TEST COXDITIONS

By agreement between the manufacturer

be replaced by the following procedure:

7( Ccmld)

CHARACTERISTIC

and the user,

this test may

The machine should be tested with an inside air pressure of about

The duration
of the test is 1 min. The test is deemed
satisfactory
if no air leaks out during the test.
Air leakage may be
detected either by submersion, the water just covering the machine,
or by the application on to it of a solution of soap in water.

j @I bar.

The test conditions are subject to agreement between

facturer and the user, but thev shall not be less severe
prescribed for second characteiistic
numeral 7.

NOTE 1 - The measurement of the water pressure may

height to which the spray of the nozzle freely rises:

be replaced

the manuthan those

by that of the

NOTE 2 - The distance

of the nozzle to the machine under test,
characteristic
numerals 5 and 6, was set to 3 m for practical reasons;
reduced in order to test the machine from every direction.

for second
it may be

8.2.1 The amount of water which has entered the machine shall not
be capable of interfering
with its satisfactory operation; the windings and
live parts not designed
to operate
when wet shall not be wet and no
accummulation
of water which could reach them shall occur inside the
machine.
machines
NOTE - It is, however, permissible for the blades of fans inside rotating
to be wet; also leakage along the shaft is allowable if provision is made for drainage
of this water.

8.2.2 a) In

the case of a test on a machine not running, the machine

shall be operated
under no-load
conditions,
under
rated
voltage for 15 min, then submitted to a high-voltage
test, the
test voltage being 50 percent of the test voltage for a new
machine ( but not less than 123 percent of the rated voltage of
the machine ).
21

IS:4691-1985

HOLES
. _

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 4
EQUIPMENT TO PROVE PROTECTION AGAINST SPRAYiNG AND
SPLASHING WATER SHOWN WITH SPRAYING HOLES IN CASE OF
SECOND CHARACTERISTIC NUMERAL 3

b) In the case of a test on a running machine, only the highvoltage test is made, in accordance with 8.2.2 (a).
c) The test is deemed satisfactory if these checks show no damage
according to the relevant standard on rotating electrical
machine.
9. TESTS

FOR

WEATHER

PROTECTED

9.1 For degree W, the test and acceptance

to an agreement between the manufacturer

23

MACHINES
conditions should be subject
and the user ( see also 0.5 ).

PRESSURE

GAUGE>

WATER

SUPPLY

O-5$
VIEWED
(

A11 dimensions

FIG 5

HAND-HELD

EQIJIPMENT

ACCORDING
VVITH

SHIELD

HOLES-j
TO

ARROW

REMOVED)

in millimetres.

TO PROVE PROTECTIONAGAINST SPRAYING AND SPLASHINOWATER

IS : 4691.1985

D = 6.3For the Tests of Table 4 Numeral 5

D = 12.5 For the Tests of Table 4 Numeral 6
All dimensions in millimetres.
FIG.

STANDARD

NOZZLE FOR HOSE TESTS

25

IS I 4691

1985

APPENDIX
( C1au.w2.4 )

MOST FREQUENTLY USED DEGREES OF PROTECTION

FOR ELECTRICAL MACHINES
.

Second
Characteristic
Numeral

012345678

Eirst

3haracteristic
_\_________
: gumera

----_

---

0
_----

---

IP12
-__-----_
IP21 IP22 IP23
-----

--

---_

----4

IP44
-_-_--

---

IP54 IP55

26

IS:4691-1985
( Continaedfrom page 2 )
Representing

Membrrs
SHRI S. G. DESHIUUK~
SHRI S. P. DIQXE ( Altcrmtr
SRRI G. DORAIRAJ

Bharat Bijlee Ltd, Bombay

)

The

Coimbatore
District Small
Association, Coimbatore
Crompton Greaves Ltd, Bombay

Scale

SERI C. P. DUSAD
SHRI A. V. WA~LE ( Alternate )
Kirloskar Electric Co Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI M. GANESH

Industries

SHRI M. R. PURANDARE ( Alternate )

Steel Authority of India Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI N. SUBRAMANIAN ( Altmate )
Indian Jute Mills Association, Calcutta
SHRI M. L. KOTHARI
Walchandnagor Industries Ltd, Walchandnagar
SHRI A. P. LAD
SHRI S. S. KULKARNI ( A&mate )
General Electric Co of India Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI Y. C. LUMBA
SHRI P. MAZUXDAR ( Ahmate )
Voltas Ltd, Bombay
SHRI J. R. MAHAJAN
Indian Machine Tool Manufacturers
Association,
SHRI K. S. MINEAS
Bombay
National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI B. MUKHOPADHYAY
SERI D. N. UPADHYAYA ( Alternate )
Millowners Association, Bombay
SHRI J. M. NAIK
Hindustan Brown Boveri Ltd, Vadodara
DR M. S. PADBIDRI
SHRI M. RAXAKRISENA RAO ( Ahnate
)
All India Electric Motor Manufacturers Association,
SERI V. K. D. PA1
Bombay
SERI KIRAN N. SHAH ( Alternate)
Indian
Electrical
Manufacturers
Association,
DR G. M. PEADEE
Bombay
SHRI S. P. MORE ( Alternate )
Jyoti Limited, Vadodara
SRRI P. L. PRADHA~J
SHRI A. B. CXOUDRARI ( Alternate)
Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd, Bangalore
SERI M. RAN~ASEAI
KUMARI
NIRMALA NIAK ( Alternate )
NGEF Limited, Bangalore
SEIRI
S. L. SRIDAARA~~URTHY
SHRI H. A. P. IYER ( Alternate)
Directorate of Industries & Commerce, Madras
SHRI T. SOYASUNDARA~~
SRRI M. RAJA~OPALAN ( Alternate)

SRRI A. K. GHOSH

27

BUREAU OF INDIAN
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Telephones : 331
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