Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
KISSsoft AG
Rosengartenstrasse 4
8608 Bubikon
Switzerland
Tel: +41 55 254 20 50
Fax: +41 55 254 20 51
info@KISSsoft.AG
www.KISSsoft.AG
Contents
1
17.09.2014
2 / 11
General Information
Are you interested to know, what are all the meshing frequencies in your transmission? Gear meshing
frequency is defined as the number of gear teeth that enter in the mesh per unit of time or on the other words;
Gear meshing frequency is the number of teeth multiplied by the rotational frequency of the gear. Meshing
frequency is one of the potential noise sources in the transmission. Gear meshing creates a vibration in its
meshing frequency, because of transmission error, machining errors, stiffness variation, torque fluctuation
and other reasons.
Are you also interested to check if some of your bearings may be reason for the noise or vibration. Most
important bearing frequencies are rotational frequencies and possible defect frequencies in races or in rolling
elements.
Frequency is defined as Hertz (Hz) [cycles / sec.]. For the gear meshing it can be calculated by number of
teeth * rotational speed [rpm] / 60. Gear meshing frequency is a harmonic phenomenon and its harmonics
can be found by multiplying fundamental meshing frequency by whole numbers (1, 2, 3).
Different bearing frequencies are calculated in similar manner from the inner geometry of the bearings using
formulas with number of contacts in possible place of defect.
In KISSsys it will be now possible to calculate meshing frequencies of the gear pairs and possible bearing
defects frequencies for the whole transmission very easily. There is a special template available for that. The
fundamental meshing frequencies and selected number of harmonics can be calculated, results in the
operational point will be shown in one table and it is also possible to do order analysis over the selected speed
range. Results will be shown in Hertz. Selected bearing with all of the calculated frequencies can be also
show in graphical presentation over the selected speed range.
17.09.2014
3 / 11
Figure 1.
Note! Function will work for the different combinations of helical, planetary and bevel gear pairs. At the
moment it is not possible for the worm or crossed helical gears. If you are interested to calculate gear meshing
frequencies of these gears meshes also, please contact KISSsoft AG.
When number of the harmonics is selected in the dialog and OK is pressed a table with the number of
meshing harmonics is created, showing also the power of the mesh, because this can be then used to check
which meshes are active and will really have some effect.
Figure 2.
First Line
P
Harmonic_X
17.09.2014
4 / 11
minimum and maximum speeds you want to see (use only positive speed values). Select also, which
kSysSpeedOrForce- component will be the reference speed component. After pressing OK a picture of
order analysis will appear. Only meshing frequencies and selected harmonics will be drawn for the meshes
which are active.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Number of orders is limited to five (5), because of drawing limitations with different lines. Colors for the gears
are selected from the color list.
No. of harmonic
1st harmonic
2nd harmonic
3rd harmonic
4th harmonic
5th harmonic
Line style
17.09.2014
5 / 11
Figure 5.
2.4 Limitations
There is couple of limitations in order analysis graph.
1. Only limited number of frequencies can be plotted and shown in KISSsys. This may cause in some
cases that all desired orders cannot be seen, use external file in that case to draw all orders.
2. No legend can be shown in the KISSsys order analysis plot.
3. Order analysis is always given for a fixed gear ratio.
Figure 6.
Bearing
No of Harmonics
17.09.2014
6 / 11
Reference point
When OK is pressed a table with the bearing information and calculated frequencies is shown.
Figure 7.
Bearing frequencies are based on the formulas for internal geometry of the bearings. This data is not available
automatically in KISSsoft-Hirnware-04-2006 version and therefore these values are needed to be added
manually for every bearing. Needful information is described in the following table. This information can be
entered easies directly to the BearingFrequencies- table. User can open it manually from the tree structure
using BearingFrequencies- Show.
Data in the table
shaft
n
BType
D
d
z
Dpw
Dwe
alfa
BPFO
BPFI
BSF
FTF
BPF
17.09.2014
7 / 11
Figure 8.
Number of orders is limited to five (5), because of drawing limitations with different lines. Colors for the
frequencies are also explained in the table.
No. of harmonic Line style
Frequency Color
st
1 harmonic
BPFO
Red
2nd harmonic
BPFI
Blue
3rd harmonic
BSF
Green
th
FTF
Yellow
th
BPF
Magenta
4 harmonic
5 harmonic
Note! Frequency values are not automatically updated when any values for the bearings, or kinematics is
changed. User need to run the function Frequencies again to update values to meet new operational values.
Figure 9.
17.09.2014
8 / 11
Figure 10.
3.4 Limitations
There is couple of limitations in order analysis graph.
4. Only limited number of frequencies can be plotted and shown in KISSsys. This may cause in some
cases that all desired orders cannot be seen, use external file in that case to draw all orders.
5. No legend can be shown in the KISSsys order analysis plot.
6. Order analysis is always given for a fixed gear ratio.
, BPF = 2*BSF
60
2 Dwe D pw
2
BSF
17.09.2014
9 / 11
4.2 Example
Following example is used to verify the formulas. Helical planetary type gearbox configuration is created
with one helical gear pair, one normal planetary gear pair and special planetary gear configuration. Input
speed is given as 1000 rpm.
Figure 11.
z1 n1
60
17.09.2014
zs
zs zr
zr nc
60
10 / 11
meshing frequency
f s1 p1
z s1 ns1 nc
, f p 2 p3
60
z s1 z p 2 z p 4 z p1 z s 2 z p 3
and
z s1 z p 2 z p 4
z
z p 2 s1 ns1 nc
z
p1
60
and
f zs 2 zp 4
z s 2 nc
60
1000
16.67
rpm
Hz
Input
Output
z1
z2
13
38
Output
zs
zp
zr
carrier
21
30
-84
3
zs1
zs2
zp1
zp2
zp3
zp4
carrier
21
16
42
20
40
48
3
Fix
Input
Input
Fix
Output
2.92
0.20
2.33
Speed
1000.0
-342.1
-1710.5
957.9
0.0
-342.1
478.9
28.7
-1710.5
342.1
20.5
162.9
9.8
195.5
11.7
-733.1
21
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
17.09.2014
Assemply
11 / 11