MARA-JAPAN INDUSTRIAL INSTITUDE

ASSIGNMENT JAN/JUNE 2013

ELECTRICAL
TECHNOLOGY/DFE2113

NAME: MOHD SYAHMI HANIS B SULAIMAN

ID NO:F54-212-0038
IC NO:940511015459
CLASS:AZAMI

INTRODUCTION
Alternating current (AC) is current whose direction periodically reverses. An AC voltage
source is a voltage source that produces alternating current. To make it short, ac and dc are
used to mean simply alternating and direct, as when they modify current and voltage. In AC
current, one wire is negative and the other is either is positive or neutral (ground). The two
wires take turns at sending electricity.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Explain the basic concept of alternating current.

Explain the characteristic of sinusoidal waveforms and its characteristic.
Explain how can sine waves be generated and the angular relationship of sine waves.
Explain how to measure sine waveforms using oscilloscope.

CHARACTHERISTIC OF SINE WAVE

SYMMETRY
NON-SYMMETRY
PERIODIC
NON-PERIODIC

AC GENERATOR & ANGULAR RELATIONSHIP OF SINE WAVES

As the coil rotates anticlockwise around the central axis which is perpendicular to the
magnetic field, the wire loop cuts the magnetic lines of force set up between the north and
south poles at different angles as the loop rotates. The amount of induced EMF in the loop at
any instant of time is proportional to the angle of rotation of the wire loop. Thats how sine
waves been generate.

SINE WAVE BY USING PHASOR

A phasor is a straight line drawn in such a way that its length is related to the amplitude of the
sine wave represented, and its angular position relative to other phasors is related to the
phase difference between the quantities.The relationship between a phasor and a single sine
wave is illustrated below,the phasor represented by the arrow is rotating in an anticlockwise
direction about the centre origin point, describing the sine wave as it rotates.
HOW TO MEASURE WAVEFORM BY USING OSCILLOSCOPE
We can measure the peak value of wave by using oscilloscope by observe the value of
voltage at positive or negative maximum peak with respect to zero.
We also can measure the peak-to-peak value by observe the value of voltage or current from
positive to negative peak. It is always twice peak value.
We also can measure the RMS(root mean square) or effective value of sinusoidal voltage
that measured the heating effect of sine wave.
CONCLUSION
Alternating current (AC) is current whose direction periodically reverse. An AC voltage source is a
voltage source that produces alternating current. AC electricity is created by an AC electric
generator, which determines the frequency. What is special about AC electricity is that the voltage
can be readily changed, thus making it more suitable for long-distance transmission. Sinusoidal
waveform has amplitude, wavelength, period, frequency.

REFERENCE
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/motorac.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sine_wave
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/2.html