UsercontrolledinputandOutput

Ref.Moorech.7
Review:
Wehaveusedtheseinputoptions:
Directinputatcommandline
Readinputusingtheinputcommand
Loadeddatafilesusingtheloadcommand
LoadedEXCELspreadsheetsdirectlyintoMATLAB

Recapusingtheinputcommand
e.g.thisMATLABinput
>>z=input('Whatisthenameofthisclassinquotes')
Whenpromptedtype:ME350
MATLABwillechothefollowing
z=
ME350
Wesawexamplesforinputtingscalarvalues
Nowsupposewewanttogetpromptedtoentervaluesinsquarebrackets
correspondingtoasimpleandfamiliar3by3matrix:
>>A=('inputthevaluesofamatrixinsquarebrackets')
A=
inputthevaluesofamatrixinsquarebrackets
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>>A=[1,2,3;4,5,6;7,8,9]
A=
123
456
789

Formattedoutputfprintffunction
Thisallowsustodisplayoutputinformationwithbettercontrolthanthebasic
dispcommand.Specificemphasiswillbebasedonthefieldformatandthe
precisionlevelwewouldbeinterestedinreporting
Commonlyformatfieldformatsinclude:
%f

fixedpointnotation

%e exponentialnotation
%d decimalnotationfordisplayingintegers
%g

Thiseffectivelybecomestheshorterofeitherthe%forthe%eformat

Seetable7.1,p.249fordetails

ThedefaultformatinMATLABistheshort%gformatwhichcorrespondstofive
significantdigits.
>>formatshort
>>x=pi
x=
3.1416

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>>formatlong
>>pi
ans=
3.141592653589793

Considerthefollowingcodesnippet
>>cows=6;
>>fprintf ('There are %d cows in the pasture', cows)

Willresultinthefollowingbeingechoedinthecommandwindow
There are 6 cows in the pasture

Payattentiontotheroleoftheparentheses,thesinglequotes,andthecoma
Changethesnippetto:
cows = 6;
fprintf ('There are %f cows in the pasture', cows)

Willresultinthefollowingbeingechoedinthecommandwindow
There are 6.000000 cows in the pasture

Nowaddmorefunctionalitytotheoutputcontrol,specifically,introducea
specialformatcommand\nwhichintroducesalinefeedbetweenoutputs:

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>>cows = 6;
>>fprintf ('There are %f cows in the pasture \n', cows)
>>pigs = 12;
>>fprintf ('There are %f pigs in the pasture \n', pigs)

Willresultinthefollowingbeingechoedinthecommandwindow

There are 6.000000 cows in the pasture

There are 12.000000 pigs in the pasture

SeesummaryofotherspecialformatcommandsinTable7.2,p.250

Nexttweaktheprecisionofinfotobeprintedandwatchthebuiltindata
integritysafety.Reviewthissnippetofcode:

cows = 6;
fprintf ('There are %4.4f cows in the pasture \n',
cows)
pigs = 12;
fprintf ('There are %4.2f pigs in the pasture \n',
pigs)

Theoutputis:
There are 6.0000 cows in the pasture
There are 12.00 pigs in the pasture

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Observations:

Inthecowsformat,wereservedatotalfourfields,allfourreservedforinfo
afterthedecimalpoint.
Inthepigsformatwereservedatotalof4fieldsandtwofieldsreservedfor
infoafterthedecimalpoint
MATLABhasbuiltinsafetymeasurestotrytopreservetheintegrityofdatain
theeventthatariskyfprintfformatthatcouldlosedataintegrityisinvokedin
thecode.

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Createaconversiontableofyardstoinches

yards = 0.1:0.1:1.0;
inches =yards.*36;
fprintf ('%4.2f \n', yards)
fprintf ('%5.2f \n', inches)

Theoutcomeshouldbealongcolumnsvectorwith10valuesofyardsand10
valuesofinchesappendedendtoend.
Amoreconvenientandnowfamiliartoolistocreateatableofdatafirstthen
useonefrpintfformatcommandtoprintthetable.

yards = 0.1:0.1:1.0;
inches =yards.*36;
%fprintf ('%4.2f \n', yards)
%fprintf ('%5.2f \n', inches)
%create a table
table=[yards;inches];
%Combine previous fprintf commands into one, to print
%the table
disp('inches yards')
fprintf ('%4.2f %5.2f \n', table)
Here is the outcome
yards inches
3.60 0.10
7.20 0.20
10.80 0.30
14.40 0.40
18.00 0.50
21.60 0.60
25.20 0.70
28.80 0.80
32.40 0.90
36.00 1.00

FurtherpracticalusesandillustrationswillbepartofAssignment4
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