RIAC, from triode for alternating current, is a genericized tradename for an electronic component that

can conduct current in either direction when it is triggered (turned on), and is formally called a
bidirectional triode thyristor or bilateral triode thyristor.
IACs are a subset of thyristors and are closely related to silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR). However,
unlike SCRs, which are unidirectional devices (that is, they can conduct current only in one direction),
TRIACs are bidirectional and so allow current in either direction. Another difference from SCRs is that
TRIAC current can be enabled by either a positive or negative current applied to its gate electrode,
whereas SCRs can be triggered only by positive current into the gate. To create a triggering current, a
positive or negative voltage has to be applied to the gate with respect to the MT1 terminal (otherwise
known as A1).
Once triggered, the device continues to conduct until the current drops below a certain threshold called
the holding current.
The bidirectionality makes TRIACs very convenient switches for alternating current circuits, also
allowing them to control very large power flows with milliampere-scale gate currents. In addition,
applying a trigger pulse at a controlled phase angle in an A.C. cycle allows control of the percentage of
current that flows through the TRIAC to the load (phase control), which is commonly used, for
example, in controlling the speed of low-power induction motors, in dimming lamps, and in controlling
A.C. heating resistors.

1. HELLO ,MY FRIENDS,RESPECTED TEACHERS AND ALL WHO R PRESENT THERE. . I

THINK WE GAIN SOME KNOWLEDGE WITH PPT SO, GET STARTED GIVEN BY:
MR.ABHISHEK SHARMA SIR (W.E )() PREPARED BY : RISHABH SINGH (10TH , F)
2. I am very thankful to everyone who all supported me, for I have complete my project I have
completed my project effectively and, moreover , on time . I am very much happy with this ,and I give
a specially thanks to my teacher (MR.ABHISHEK sir).He gave me moral support and guided me in
different way regarding topic . He had been very kind & patient while suggesting me the outlines of
this project and correcting my doubts. I thank him for her moral support .One more time I want to
thank u ,sir ,for giving us these types of projects or activity which encourage us ,from these types of
project our brain is also work or we say think creatively.
3. INTRODUCTION Automatic street light. What is it? This is a project in which we consume
energy. How? Ok I explain it briefly. So, we all see that , for switching off the street light there is a
need of a man or a worker who switch it off. Sometimes the workers not doing his responsibility
properly. So from this, the light is waste so much. So it is the reason for making this project
(AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT PROJECT),it is energy consuming project and there is no need of any
worker for switch off or on the street light. It is eco friendly and low of cost. It consume so much
energy. HOW ? Lets proceed on the other slides.
4. 1. LDR (Light Dependent Resistance) 2. Transistor BC 547 B or BC 548 (NPN) 3. Wire - Use
singled core plastic coated wire of 0.6 mm 4. Power Supply 6V or 9V 5. LED (Light Emitting
Diode) 6. Resistance 1K ,330 ohms ,470 ohms
5. WORK OF LDR IN THIS CIRCUIT LDR LDR MEANS LIGHT DEPENDENT
RESISTANCE,MEANS IT FLOW THE CURRENT IN THE CIRCUIT WHEN THERE IS A LIGHT
OR U SAY ITS WORKING WHEN THERE IS A LIGHT FALLS ON IT &SWITCH OFF WHEN
THERE IS A DARK. BUT IN THIS CIRCUIT I OPPOSE THIS LDR WORK, MEANS ITS ALLOW
THE CURRENT FLOW WHEN THERE IS DARK AND WHEN T H E R E I S A D A Y L I G H T I S
D O N TAL L O W I T .
6. WORK OF TRANSISTOR A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch
electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material with at least three
terminals for connection to an external circuit.
7. WHAT IS RESISTANCE OR RESISTOR THE OBSTRUCTION PATH IN CURRENT IS
CALLED RESISTANCE. THE DEVICE WHICH IS USED IN THIS OBSTRUCTION OF

CURRENT IS CALLED RESISTOR.

8. BIBLOGRAPHY 1 WWW.GOOGLE.COM 2. WWW.AUTHORSTREAM.COM 3.
WWW.SLIDESHARE.COM 5. WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM 6. WWW.ANSWER.COM
9. SO, I ,THINK NOW YOU UNDERSTAND ABOUT THIS PROJECT . YOU ALSO ENJOYING
THIS PPT. THANK U FOR SEEING THIS PPT.
10. THE END THANK YOU Prepared By: RISHABH SINGH

Description
ABSTRACT: Now a days, human has become too busy, and is unable to find time even to switch the
lights wherever not necessary. The present system is like, the street lights will be switched on in the
evening before the sun sets and they are switched off the next day morning after there is sufficient light
on the roads. This project gives the best solution for electrical power wastage. Also the manual
operation of the lighting system is completely eliminated. In this project the two sensors are used which
are Light Dependent Resistor LDR sensor to indicate a day/night time and the Infrared sensors to detect
the movement on the street. The micro processor 8086 is used as brain to control the street light system,
where the programming language used for developing the software to the micro processer is assembly
language. Finally, the system has been successfully designed and implemented as prototype system.
BACKGROUND:
When we are going to Srisailam for a tour .we are travelling through bus and one of them in the group
have noticed that there , pedistrians are facing a problem that street lights are not working properly and
power wastage is more due to street lights glowing continuesly .so the problem that we have noticed is
radium stickers are placed on the roads, and due to that vehicles are having head lights and they are
finding there routes in the easier way. But,pedistrains cant find there route so,the problem cause here
so,to avoid these problem. we have find the solution for the problem that is automatic sensible street
lights. UPDATES: This automatic sensible light idea is working by using the microprocessor kit .In this
we have use the IR sensors and LDRs .IR sensors have transmitter and receiver so when pedestrains
make any interrupt at that time IR sensor senses and then light will glow in this idea we are also using
the LDRs which is used in this circuit as a darkness detector. The LDR is a resistor and its resistance
varies according to the amount of light falling on its surface. When the LDR detect light its resistance
will get decreased, thus if it detects darkness its resistance will increase with the help of the this LDRs
and IR sensor this project works in the night time only because of LDRs and in the night time to
decrease power wastage and save electricity we use this IR sensors with the help of this sensors the
lights are glow only when any pedestrains make interrupt . FUTURE ASPECTS: This idea is further
implemented by using the microcontrollers Microcontrollers are now changing electronicdesigns.
Instead of hard wiring a number of logicgates together to perform some function we now
useinstructions to wire the gates electronically. The listof these instructions given to the microcontroller
iscalled a program.this idea can also be implemented by using LDRs. for this project this can be very
useful in places where there is no need of light