Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Mekanika Batuan
(Pendahuluan)

Oleh :
Irvani

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

SKS, Penilaian & Kehadiran :

Banyaknya SKS = 2 SKS (Teori) &
1 SKS (Praktikum)
Penilaian :
- Absensi 10%
- Tugas 20%
- Teori (UTS & UAS) 70%
Kehadiran min. 80% dari 14x perkualiahan
Kuliah lapangan (Situasional)

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Referensi :

Goodman, R.E. 1989. Introduction to Rock Mechanics. 2nd Edition. John Wiley &
Sons., Canada.
De Vallejo, L.I.G. And Ferrer, M. 2011. Geological Engineering. Taylor & Francis
Group, London, UK.
Hudson, J.A. and Harrison, J.P. 1997. Engineering Rock Mechanics : An Introduction
to The Principles. Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford.
Hudson, J.A. and Harrison, J.P. 2000. Engineering Rock Mechanics : Illustrative
Worked Examples. Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford.
Hoek, E. 2007. Practical Rock Engineering. Notes, Evert Hoek Consulting Engineer
Inc., Canada. http://www.rockscience.com.
Giani, G.P. 1992. Rock Slope Stability Analysis. A.A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam,
Netherlands.
Bieniawski, Z.T. 1989. Engineering Rock Mass Classification. Mining and Mineral
Resources Research Institute. Pennsylvania State University.
Bell, F.G. 2007. Engineering Geology. 2nd Edition. Elsevier Ltd., Burlington, USA.
Singh, B. and Goel, R.K., and Hudson, J.A. 2006. Tunneling in weak rocks. Imperial
College of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of London, UK.
Singh, B., Goel, R.K. 2011. Engineering Rock Mass Classification: Tunneling,
Foundation, and Landslides. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier Inc., USA.
Wyllie, D.C. 1999. Foundations on Rock. 2nd Edition, E & FN Spon, London.
Wyllie, D.C. and Mah, C.W. 2004. Rock Slope Engineering. Civil and Mining
Engineering, 4th Edition, Spon Press, New York.
Bates, R.L. and Jackson, J.A., 1987. Glossary Geology. 3th Edition. American
Geological Institute Elexandria, Virginia.
DLL.

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Pokok Bahasan :
I Pendahuluan (P.1)

IV Kekuatan, Deformability & Kriteria

Runtuhan Batuan
II Klasifikasi & Sifat Indeks
(P.6-7)
Batuan (P.2-4)
a. Kekuatan Batuan & Deformability
a. Batuan & Perilaku Batuan
b. Kriteria Mohr-Coulomb & HoekBrown.
b. Diskontinuitas
c. Sifat Indeks & Mekanik
V Klasifikasi Massa Batuan (P.8-10)
Batuan
III Stress & Strain (5)

VI Aplikasi Mekanika Batuan pada

Lereng (P.11-12)
VII Aplikasi Mekanika Batuan pada
Terowongan (P.13-14)

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Definisi
Mekanika Batuan ??
- Rock mechanics deals with the properties of
rock and the special methodology required
for design of rock-related components of
engineering schemes (Goodman, 1989).
- Rock mechanics includes the study, in
theory and practice, of the properties and
mechanical behaviour of rock materials in
response to the forces acting on them within
their physical environment (De Vallejo &
Ferrer, 2011).

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

.... Mekanika Batuan ??

- Rock mechanics is the theoretical and applied
science of the physical behavior of rocks,
representing a branch of mechanics cocerned
with the response of rock to the force fields of
its physical environment (NAS-NRC, 1966
dalam Bates & Jackson, 1987).

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Ruang Lingkup Mekanika Batuan

Sasaran mekanika batuan adalah aplikasinya pada
pemecahan persoalan2 geoteknik, antara lain :
1 Menyelenggarakan pendidikan
2.Mengembangkan cara pengambilan percontoh
batuan
3. Mengembangkan peralatan uji batuan yang baik
dan metode standar pengujian
4. Mengumpulkan dan mengklasifikasikan informasi
batuan dan sifat fisiknya.
5. Dll
Rai (1988)

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Aktivitas Manusia pada Batuan (Aplikasi)

Rai (1988)

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Contoh aplikasi
During the filling of the Vajont reservoir the toe of the
slope on Mount Toc was submerged and this precipitated
a slide. The mound of debris from the slide is visible
in the central part of the photograph. The very rapid
descent of the slide material displaced the water in the
reservoir causing a 100 m high wave to overtop the dam
wall.

The remains of the town of Longarone after the flood

caused by the overtopping of the Vajont dam as a result of
the Mount Toc failure. More than 2000 persons were killed
in this flood.

The town of Longarone, located downstream of the Vajont

dam, before the Mount Toc failure in October 1963.
Hoek (2007) Practical Rock Engineering

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Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Contoh aplikasi
A wedge failure controlled by
intersecting structural features
in the rock mass
forming the bench of an open pit
mine.

Hoek (2007) Practical Rock Engineering

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Massa Batuan ???

Skematika massa batuan

(Palmstorm, 1995 dengan modifikasi)

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Massa Batuan ???

Mito, .......

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Sifat Massa Batuan

1. Heterogen : Pada Mineralogi, ukuran dan bentuk
partikel, void, dll.
2. Diskontinu : crack, joint, fault, fissure.
3. Anisotrope :
Catatan : Karena sifat batuan yang heterogen,
diskontinu
dan
isotrope,
maka
dalam
penghitungan matematis disumsikan batuan
ekivalen memiliki sifat homogen, kontinu dan
isotrope

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Terima Kasih

Process of Rock Formation

Rock Classification : Types of Rock depending upon :
Mechanism of rock formation (cooling process of magma,
sedimentation, or metamorphism).
Engineering Properties :
Index properties (identity of rock, typical conditions of rock): density, unit
weight, porosity, K, w, Gs
Mechanical Properties (response to stress) : stress, strain (deformation)
Failure criteria, mechanism
Shear strength measurement (strength = stress at failure)
Rock Mass Classification & Rock Discontinuities