iy Designation: D 2996 - 95 Standard Specification for ‘Amara Nena ced Filament-Wound “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe’ “This sandad is ied unde the Ged desintion D 296; the number ited following the designation inde the yar of ‘ginal option onthe eae of revi the Year at eso, A nue in parentheses nde the ea at Peapod A ‘pent eon (indies an eto change se he as ein Feporoval ‘This sondard hes been approved fr us by agencies of he Deparimen of Defense. Cons the DoD Indes of Speiicaions and ‘Standard forthe spt oar of ike wich has ben oop by the Dearien of Defense. 1. Scope 1.1 This specification? covers machine-made reinforced thermosetting resin pressure pipe (RTRP) manufactured by the filament winding process up to 16 in. nominal size. Included are a classification system and requirements for materials, mechanical properties, dimensions, performance, methods of test, and marking 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes caly 1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, ofthis specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safey problems, ifany, associated with its use. I isthe responsi- bility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. [Nore 1—The term “fiberalas pine” as described in Section 3 ofthis specification applies to both reinforced thermosetting tein pipe (RTRP) nd reinforced plastic mortar pipe (RPMP). This spcitiation covers only einforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP) ‘Note. 2—This speciation is aplicable to RTRP where the ato of outside diameter to wall hicknes 10:1 or more "Note 3—There is no similar or equivalent ISO Standard 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials for Testing? D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics? D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics? 1D 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure? D 1599 Test Method for Short-Time Hydra Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings? 1D 1600 Terminology for ‘Abbreviated Terms Relating to Piastics?> Failure "his specication ie under the juricion of ASTM Commitee 0-20 on Pst andi the dict responsibly of Subcommites D102 an Reson Pasi Piping Systems and Chemen! Equipment. ‘Current sition approved June IS, 1995. Publithed August 1995. relly bined as 0 2996-71 Last prove edition D396 Hs "Ps speicaon was rvian onde ISO cane atement and ssvign on tereore, dna Boo of ASTM Standards No 08.0 4 dna Book of ASTM Sandan. Nol OOS 15 2105 Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting- Resin) Pipe and Tube? 2143 Test Method for Cyclic Pressure Strength of Reinforced, Thermosetting Plastic Pipe? 12310 Classification for Machine-Made “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe? D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading? 12992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure Design Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced ‘Thermosetting-Resia) Pipe and Fittings’ 3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiber- glass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Fittings? F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems* 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Termi- nologies D883 and F 412 and abbreviations are in accor- dance with Terminology D 1600, unless otherwise indicated. ‘The abbreviation for reinforced thermosetting resin pipe is RTRP. 3.2 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.2.1 fiberglass pipe—a tubular product containing glass fiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by cured thermosetting resin. The composite structure may contain aggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents, pigments, ot dyes. Thermoplastic or thermosetting liners or coatings may be included. 3.2.2 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP)—2 fer. lass pipe without aggregate. 3.2.3 reinforced plastic mortar pipe (RPMP)—a fiberglass pipe with aggregate 3.2.4 filament winding—a process used to manufacture tubular goods by winding continuous fibrous glass strand roving or roving tape onto the outside of a mandrel in a predetermined pattern under controlled tension. The roving may be saturated with liquid. esin or preimpregnated with partially cured resin 3.24.1 Subsequent polymerization of the resin system ‘may require application of heat. The inside diameter (ID) of the finished pipe is fixed by the marurel outside dianieter (OD), The outside diameter (OD) of the finished pipe is determined by the amount of material that is wound on the mandrelih p 2996 3.2.5 liner—the inner portion of the wall atleast 0.005 in, (0.13 mm) in thickness, as determined in 8.3.2, which does not contribute to the strength in the determination of the hydrostatic design basis. . 3.2.6 reinforced wall thickness—the total wall thickness ‘minus the liner or exterior coating thickness, or both. 3.2.7 coating—a resin layer, with or without filler or reinforcement, or both, applied to the exterior surface of the Pipe structural wall, 4, Classification 4.1 General—Pipe meeting this specification is classified by type, grade, class, and hydrostatic design basis in accor- dance with Classification D 2310 and by a secondary cell, Classification system that defines the basic mechanical prop- erties of the pipe. These types. grades, classes, hydrostatic design basis categories, and cell classification designations are as follows: 41-1 Types: Type Filament wound. 4.1.2. Grades: Grade 1—Giass fiber reinforced epoxy resin pipe. Grade 2—Glass fiber reinforced polyester resin pipe. Grade 7—Giass fiber reinforced furan resin pipe. 41.3 Classer: ‘Class A—No liner. Class B—Polyester resin liner (nonreinforced). Class C—Epoxy resin liner (nonrsinforced). Class E—Polyester resin liner (reinforced). Class F—Epoxy resin liner (reinforced). Class H—Thermoplastic resin liner (specify). Class !—Furan sesin liner (reinforced). 4.1.4 Hydrostatic Design Basis—Two methods of classi- fying the hydrostatic design basis of the pipe are provided. Pipe meeting this specification may be classified using either the cyclic test method or the static test method, or both, and. the designations as shown in Table 1. Appendix X1 explains hhow these design basis categories are to be used. 4.1.4.1 For pipe subjected to axial or end loads, the effect of these loads shall be represented in the HDB testing. In the designation code, the numeral I shall immediately follow the HDB letter class if free-end type closures were used and the numeral 2 shall immediately follow the HDB letter class if restrained-end type closures were used to establish the HDB. 4.1.5 Mechanical Properties—Table 2 presents 8 cel) clas- sitfcation system for identifying the mechanical properties of pipe covered by this specification, ‘TABLE 1 Hydrostatic Dosign Basis Categories Gye Tost Med Tite Tet Mato = Sete, oa cnipaten OPSEEE PS agen NSE * Fs007a a 000 945), é 3 wogi7 8 5 30043) & 4 00078) § 8 ones) . § ooo (a45) T 10000 68.9) e 6 300484) u 12-500 06.) F 5 052) w 18 000 (010) 6 10 000,689) x 29 000 (138, X 12 500,682) y 25 0073) z 31 500.217), 16 Nore 3All possible combinations covered by the above clases tion system may not be commercially avaiable. 4.1.6 Designation Code—The pipe designation code shall consist of the abbreviation RTRP, followed by the type and trade in Arabic numerals, the class and static or cyclic HDB level in capital letters, the type of end closure used, and four Arabic numbers identifying, respectively, the cell clasiica- tion designations of the short-term rupture strength, longitu- dinal tensile strength, longitudinal tensile modulus, and apparent stiffness of the pipe Example: RTRP-11FAI-1334, Such a designation would describe a filament-wound, glass-iber reinforced, epoxy pipe having @ reinforced epoxy liner; a cyclic pressure strength exceeding 2500 psi (17.2 MPa) using free-end closures, a short-term rupture strength exceeding 10 000° psi (68.9 MPa); longitudinal tensile strength exceeding 25 000 psi (172 MPa); longitudinal tensile modulus exceeding 3 x 10° psi (20.7 x 10° MPa); and an apparent stiffness factor exceeding 1500 in.-Ibfjin.? (170 mm KPa). 5. Materials and Manufacture 5.1 General—The resins, reinforcements, colorants, fillers, and other materials, when combined as a composite siucture, shail produce a pipe that shall meet the perfor- ‘mance requirements of this specification 6. Physical Requirements 6.1 Workmanship—The pipe skal be free of all defects including indentations, delaminations, bubbtes, pinholes, foreign inclusions, and resin-starved areas which, due to theit nature, degree, or extent, detrimentally affect the strength and serviceability of the pipe. The pipe shall be as uniform as ‘commercially practicable in color, opacity, and other phys- ical properties. The pipe shall be round and straight and the bore of the pipe shall be smooth and uniform. All pipe ends shall be cut at right angles to the axis of the pipe and any sharp edges removed 6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances: 62.1 Inside and Outside Diameter—The inside and out- side diameter and tolerances of pipe meeting these specifica- tions shall conform to the requirements in one of the Tables 3 to 6, when determined in accordance with 8.3.1 2.2 Wall Thiokness—The minimum wall thickness of pipe furnished under this specification shall not at any point be less than 87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness published in the manufacturer's literature current at the time of purchase when measured in accordance with 8.3.1 6.3 Performance—Pipe meeting this specification shall be categorized by a long-term static or cyclic hydrostatic design basis as shown in Table { when tested in accordance with 8.4 or 8.5. Additionally, the pipe shall meet the applicable cell limit requirements for short-term rupture strength, longitu- inal tensile strength, longitudinal tensile modulus, and apparent stiffness factor as described in Table 2 when tested in accordance with 8.6 through 8.8. 6.3.1. Any significant changes in the original pipe catego- ized in 6,3, with respect 10 materials ot manufacturing process, will require recategorizing according to 6,3. These) 2996 TABLE 2 Physical Property Requirements Dengaton yachancal Pr 5 ‘i eee el Property o 2 3 4 5 6 + Shorten pire svengin hoop Too sod OCR OO onal svee, min, pa (wey (ce) zon) (276, 345) aa 489) 2 Lenghusna! ens srengn min, 000 5000 25.000 «85.0005. Go COO ua) 5) (105) 7 ey 10) or) 3 Langdale maaan, mi $ 2 5 ‘ $ 6 pax 10 ura) (90119 000) 20 700) 7 G0) ak SO) 00) 4 Aiparent sree factor at $% « 20 ‘000 1500 2000 2500 "efecto an nin? trea “9 ao, wa) «7 25) 232, *epoated, Type of ered closure use, that, oe estraned shoud be inated on cara, ‘TABLE 3. Dimensions and Tolerances for Outside Diameter (0D) TABLE 4 Dimensions ond Tolerances for Inside Diameter (10) Tn ee a ee ees One a sane aaa ea 7 om aaa ae i oI ; Tao i Rate —— ma ee . i isaac 7 oo an ‘| ae oA 5 tie ene 2 pee es ™ sas s0it name tf ; oe hl : sans 5 easel 3 2aeUe oa is 7 woes Bunt ome a 7 yogrez Rigres e oy soato sie ance of the material to the short-term hoop tensile rupture * vero Gime) mae 2i¢) Retirements as shown n-Table 2 sal taken at random ' tarmsat®—saaseidd? Gn a eekly bmi or on each production cur wchever 30.056 sie the most frequent. The rate of sampling for the other tests * vee +632 neo 68° ed shal bein accordance wih accepted tata pracice 16 16.000 + 0.165 406.40 + 4.19 or as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller. ibe °73 For indvdual orders, oly those additonal est and changes include, but are not limited to: a change in rei forcement type, composition, or binder; a change in resi type, composition, of cure; oF change in linear composition, thickness, or cure 6.3.1.1 If agreed upon between the purchaser and seller, bridged tests may be run to recategorize the pipe under 8.4 ‘or 8.5. An example of an abridged test in accordance with 8.4 10.8.5, depending on the original design basis, would be: (Cyt to Fane fer Hout Flare for [Nomber of amples Changes in ‘Chane in 83 2 1000 t 10 000 106 1000 2 10 00010 3 « 108 1000 te 2000 2 st leas 3% 10" eat 2000| Nore 4—The purchaser should consult the manufacturer for the Droper clas, type, end grade of pipe to be used under the installation ‘and operating conditions with respect to temperature, conveyed fui, Dressure, ete, that will exist for the project in which the pipe is to be ‘ed 7. Sampling 7.1 At least one sample of pipe, to determine confarm- 7 number of tests specifically agreed upon between the pur- chaser and the seller need to be conducted. 8. Test Methods 1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 23 + 2C (73.4 + 3.6°F) and 50 5 % selative humidity for not less than 48 h prior to test, in accordance with Procedure A of Methods D618, for those tests where conditioning is required, and in al cases of disagreement. 8.2 Test Conditions—Conduct the tests in the Standard Laboratory Atmosphere of 23 + 2°C (73.4 + 3.6°F) and 50 5 % relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test ‘method or in this specification. 83 Dintensions and Tolerances: 8.3.1 Wall Thickness and Diameter—Determine in accor ance with Practice D 3567. 83.2 Liner Thickness—If the test specimens contain a liner, determine the average liner thickness in accordance with Practice D 3567. 8.4 Long-Term Cyelic Hydrostatic Strength—Determine in accordance with Procedure A of Method D 2992, fol- lowing Test Method D 2143. 8.5 Long-Term Statie Hydrostatic Sirength—Determine@) D 2096 ‘TABLE 5 Dimensions for Outside Diameter (OD) Series Pipe with (Cast-ron-Pipe-Equivatent ‘TABLE 6 Dimensions for inside Diameter (ID) Series Pipe with ron Pipa Size Equivalent ering Pipe Si % oo Nerina Pipe Sts s 7 2 0+ 005 eso + 7 2 a5 +008 18s “cos sta ~0.08 in 3 396 + 006 10038 + 152 2 936+ 0968 ost 12 “Boe “tse 006 Ate 4 490+ 006 12192 + 158 ‘ 497 +006, sy00 +782 “tee “re “008 ary 6 690 + 006, 7526+ 132 6 643 + 008 ose + 82 008 nie “08 “se ° 905 + one agar +182 s 839 + 008 aan + 182 “08 m152 “S08 oye 0 130 + 006 pao + 152 10 1049 + 006 25492 + 152 “O06 cise 008 wise 2 1320+ 008 335.284 182 w 1248+ 008, 31445 + 142 008 ary “08 perc “ 1890 + 008, 062 +127 ‘« 1360 4.008 5.444137 noe eit “o08 “200 ‘6 740 +008 aai98 417 16 15404005, aoas+ 12? “oe “hoa “oe 2200 jin accordance with Procedure B of Method D2992, fot or manufacturer. lowing Test Method D £598. 8.6 Short-Term Hydrostatic Failure Strength—Determine in accordance with Test Method D 1599. 8.7 Longitudinal Tensile Properties—Determine in accor- dance with Test Methods D 2105 or D 638. 8.8 Stiffness Factor—Determine in accordance with Test Method D 2412, The reported stiffness shall be based on 5 % deflection. 9. Certification 9.1 When agreed upon in writing between the purchaser and the seller, a certification shall be made on the basis of acceptance of material, This shall consist of a copy of the manufacturer's test report or a statement by the seller (accompanied by a copy of the test results) that the material has been sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with the provisions of the specification, Each certification so furnished shall be signed by an authorized agent of the seller 9.2 When original identity cannot be established, certifi cation can only be based upon the sampling procedure provided by the applicable specification. 10, Product Marking 10.1 Each piece of pipe shall be marked at least once per section. Each piece of pipe shall be marked with the following information in such a manner that it remains legible under normal tandiing and installation practices: 10.1.1. Nominal pipe size (for example, 2 in.) 10.1.2 Identification of reinforced thermosetting resin pipe in accordance with the designation code given in Section 4, 10.1.3 ASTM D 2996 with which the pine complies. 10.1.4 Manufacturer's name (or trademark) 11, Keywords 11.1 filament-wound FRP pipe; mechanical properties; pirysical properties; pressure rating; tolerances; wall thickness APPENDIX (Nonmandatory Information) Xi, HYDROSTATIC DESIGN BASIS, CATEGORIES, SERVICE FACTORS, AND PRESSURE RATINGS X1.A_ Hydrostatic Design Basis X11 The hydrostatic design basis for reinforced ther- rmoseiting resin pipe is the estimated long-term hydrostatic strength obtained in accordance with Method D 2992. In Method D 2992 either Procedure A, using data obtained in accordance with Test Method D 2143, or Procedure B, using data obtained in accordance with Test Method D 1598, is uused to determine the estimated long-term hydrostatic strength. This strength in the wall of the pipe is equal to the circumferential stress due to internal hydrostatic. pressure that will fail the pipe when extrapolated to 130 x 10° pressure cycles (Procedure A) or to 100 000 h under continuously applied pressure (Procedure B) 48 X1.2 Hydrostatic Design Basis Categories X1.2.1 The hydrostatic design basis category is obtained from Table X1.1 or X12 using the estimated long-term hydrostatic strength as the calculated value. X1.3 Service (Design) Factor X13. ‘The service (design) factor is a number equal to 1.00 of less which takes into consideration all the variables and degree of safety involved in a reinforced thermosetting resin pressure piping installation and is selected for the application on the basis of two general groups of conditions. ‘The first group considers the manufacturing and testing variables (specifically, normal variations in the material, -~ D 2996 TABLE X1.1 Hydrostatic Design Basis Categories by TABLE X1.2 Hydrostatic Design Basis Categor by Procedure A rocedure Tiyeesake Dean Baas Category, Range of Calta Vas, Fystostaie Design Basis Catagoy. Pango of Caluated Vabes, esta) a Pa) _ site) a Pa 2 0072) 2 dows oidTss eae 5 000 94) 7 #00 08 800,381 407) 5 is0Rtn 5 020103 020 (208 w 263) 8 so0Kas) 6 000107 Soo (ard to517, soars, 53 890104 790 (84 1330) ory 7 60009 $00,624 1065.5) 5 on0a4s) 4 800 0 § 90083. 40.7) 10 000,689) 9 600 11-900 (68.210 82.1) 6 0K) 6 doo te 7 S00UeT A 517) 12 500 (862) 12 cov 38 200 629 10 105) 8 000 (552) 7 600109 500 (624 1 65.5), 18 000112) 45 300 618 900 108 0130) 10 000,68), 4 600 to 11 90066 2t0 820) 20 000138) 18 000 123 000 1310185) 500 (862, 12 000 to 15 200 627 10 108) 25 000 173) 24000 t 28 000185 10200) 31 800217) 30 000 1 98 000 207 10262) ‘manufacture, dimensions, good handling techniques, and in the evaluation procedures ofthis method). The secon group considers the application or use (specifically, installation, environment, temperature hazard involved, life expectancy desired, and the degree of reliability selected) Nove XII=It i not the intent of this standard to give service (sesign) factors The service (desig) factor should be selected by the sgn eapncer alr ful evaluating the sevice conditions and the engineering popes of the pei pipe mateal under consideration Recommended sevice (design factors wi no be developed oF sed by ASTM, X14 Hydrostatic Design Stress X1.4.1 The hydrostatic design stress is the estimated maximum tensile stress in the wall of the pipe in the circumferential orientation due to internal hydrostatic pres- sure that ean be applied continuously with a high degree of certainty that failure will not occur. It is obtained by ‘multiplying the hydrostatic design basis as determined by Procedure A or Procedure B by the service (design) factor. X1S Pressure Rating X1.5.1 The pressure rating is the estimated maximum pressure that the medium in the pipe can exert continuously witha high degree of certainty that failure ofthe pipe will not occur. X1.5.2 The pressure rating for each diameter and wall thickness of pipe and fitting is calculated from hydrostatic, design stress for the specific pipe by means of the following formula: S=P(D- ypu where S. = hydrostatic design stress, psi (MPa), P= pressure rating, psi (MPa), D_ = average outside diameter, in. (mm), and £ = minimum reinforced wali thickness, in, (mm). ‘The American Solty fr Testing and Mater takes no gz8000 aspating he vaya ny paar ight assert in connection an ary tm montanad ini tarda. User lth standard ave expressly aaed tha Setermnaton vat of any sueh pata nats, ard the ik of Fltngement a uch ig, are Srey tev a respon ‘This stance ebjct 0 reson at any te by tha respon tehoical commits and must be alowed every te year and trees, ether reapprved er waren Your conmets aed ater fer revisen os tard orf aio stander ‘an shouldbe adressed To ASTM Headquarters, Your commons wil cave carl corsieretion a mestig of he fospona Be {echnical omit, won you may ate yay fa thet Your Comments hee nt recoved a av awn you sro Make yout ‘ews know tthe ASTu Cokes on Stang, 1918 Face Si, Pheceppna, Pa 19702. 19