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Cognitive psychology study of mental processes


2. Cognition its from the Latin word cognoscere or "to know"
3. Perception its our recognition and interpretation of sensory
information and it is how we respond to the information.
4. Attention refers to how we actively process specific
information present in our environment.
5. Learning - This is the study of new cognitive or conceptual
information that is taken in and how that process occurs. It
includes implicit learning that takes into account previous
experience on performance.
6. Memory it is the power or process of remembering what has
been learned
7. Intelligence it is the capacity to learn from experience, using
metacognitive processes to enhance learning, and the ability
to adapt to the surrounding environment.
8. Linguistic type of intelligence that used in reading books,
writing paper, a novel or a poem and understanding spoken
words
9. Naturalist Type of intelligence that used in understanding
patterns in nature.
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Intrapersonal Type of intelligence that used in
understanding ourselves
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Interpersonal Type of intelligence that used in relating
to other people.
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Creative type of ability that used to generate novel
ideas
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Analytical Type of ability that ascertain whether your
ideas are good ones
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Practical Type of ability that used to implement the
ideas and persuade other of their value.
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Metacognition it is the thoughts that a person has about
their own thoughts
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Figure-Ground refers to the relationship between an
object and its surroundings

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Similarity we tend to group objects on the bais of their
similarity
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Proximity when we tend to see objects that are close to
each others as forming a group.
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Closure we tend to perceptually close up or complete,
objects that are not complete.
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Symmetry we tend to perceive objects as forming
mirror images about their center.
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Perceptual constancy when our perception of an object
remains the same even when our proximal sensation of the
distal object changes.
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Encoding refers to how you transform a physical,
sensory input into a kind of representation can be placed
into memory.
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Storage refers to how you retain encoded information in
memory.
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Retrieval refers to how you gain access to information
stored in memory.
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Schemas mental frameworks that representsknowledge
in a meaningful way.
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Recency effect refers to superior recall of words at and
near the end of a list.
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Primacy effect refers to superior recall of words at and
near the beginning of a list.
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Self-reports An individuals own account of cognitive
processes
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Case studies in-depth studies of individuals
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Naturalistic observation detailed studies of cognitive
performance in everyday situations and nonlaboratory
contexts
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Reasoning - This is the process of formulating logical
arguments. It involves making deductions and inferences
and why some people value certain deductions over others.
This can be affected by educated intuitive guesses, fallacies
or stereotypes.

32. Pragmatism

is a philosophical movement that includes those who


claim that an ideology or proposition is true if it works satisfactorily,
that themeaning of a proposition is to be found in the practical
consequences of accepting it, and that unpractical ideas are to be
rejected.
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