RTCPS

1.Explain the following terms

Voltage Stability, voltage collapse, and voltage security.
2.Briefly explain Supervisory control and Data Acquisition systems
implementation Considerations
3 Draw and explain P-V and P-Q curves
4.Describe the long-term voltage stability
5 Explain algorithms for load flow and short term load forecasting
6 Explain state estimation of AI and ANN in power systems.

PQ
1. a) Explain the analysis of sag magnitude in non-radial systems with local generator,
subtransmission loops.
b) Explain the analysis of sag magnitude for meshed system of power system.
2.a) Explain the operation of adjustable DC drives.
b) Discuss the mitigation methods of AC drives.
3.a) Explain briefly about various harmonic characterization on power systems.
b) Explain briefly about the phenomena of how current distortion affects the
voltage distortion
under the presence of harmonics.
4. Write short notes on power quality measurement system. What are the
characteristics of power
measurement equipments?

5. a) Explain design philosophy of filters to reduce harmonic distortion.

b) Explain the IEEE standards on harmonics.
6.a) What do you mean by standardization? Explain electromagnetic
compatibility standards.
b) Discuss the techniques that used to improve Power Quality.

APSP
1. Explain the following Wire pilot protection schemes

(i) Circulating current scheme

(ii) Opposed voltage scheme.
(iii) Transley scheme
(iv) Transley S protection.
2. Draw the schematic diagrams of carrier acceleration and blocking schemes and explain its
Principle of operation.
3. What is carrier current protection? Explain the phase comparison scheme of carrier current
protection and directional comparison techniques with a neat diagram. What are its merits and
Demerits?
4. Describe with a neat sketch the percentage differential protection of a modern alternator?
5. Explain briefly Differential protection and protection against magnetizing inrush current?
6. Explain generator transformer unit protection with neat diagram?
7. Define numerical relay. With neat sketch explain the principal and operation of numerical
relays and also explain the advantages of numerical relays?
8. Explain the following Numerical relaying algorithms, with necessary diagrams
i. Mann-Morrison technique

ii .Differential equation

iii. Discrete Fourier transform

iv. Rationalized Harr transform

9. What do you mean by FWHT? How can R and X of the line be calculated by an algorithm
based on FWHT?
10. Describe the realisation of mho , offset mho and restricted mho relays by using a generalized
mathematical model and a microprocessor.

HVTT
1. Explain about impulse testing of transformers?
2. Explain about the testing of cables?
3. Give a brief description on measurement of radio interference voltage?
4. Explain about artificial contamination tests?
5. Explain the phenomena of PD measurement by no electrical methods?
6. Give a brief description on contamination flash over phenomena?
FACTS Assignment questions

1. a) Discuss how to improve the transient stability by using shunt compensation?

b) Explain midpoint voltage regulation with static shunt compensation?
2. Explain the following
a) Switching converter type VAr generator?
b) Hybrid VAr generator?
3. Describe the operational and performance characteristics of STATCOM and SVC with
neat diagrams?
4. a) Explain the basic concept of static series compensation?
b) Discuss the effect of static series compensation on power oscillation damping?
5. mention the different methods of controllable var generation
6. describe the principle of operation of FC-TCR SVC with appropriate control scheme
7. write short notes on the following
a) GTO thyristor controlled series capacitor
b) thyristor controlled series capacitor

Assignment questions PSDS

1) Discuss about modelling of induction motor in detail.
2) Explain about concept of multi machine stability
3) What is the effect of Automatic Voltage Regulators on steady state stability
4) How saliency will effect the stability.
5) Define the following
a) Exciter ceiling voltage
b) Excitation system ceiling voltage
6) Explain the static excitation scheme with a neat diagram
7) effect of excitation generator power limits
8) Explain the functioning of indirect acting voltage regulator with a neat diagram
9) Explain about the brush less excitation system with a neat diagram
10) what are the steps to be followed for determining the multimachine stability.