Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
M.Surya Kalavathi
Professor, Department of EEE
JNTUH, Hyderabad, India.
munagala12@yahoo.co.in
selvarasunaveen@gmail.com
ith generator
QGi
PDi
QDi
QSVC
VAR output
Optimal locations.
I SVC
NOMENCLATURE
X line
LM
SVC
FA
SAFA
BSVC
nd
N
mn
Im
m,n
mth firefly
Attractiveness parameter
Absorption parameter
Random movement factor
rm,n
mth and
nth firefly
k
Ploss
nl
l
Gl
Number of iterations
Vi Vj
ij
respectively
Voltage angle at bus i and
PGi
M th SVC
I. INTRODUCTION
ith bus
l th line
j
ith generator
0
Pi
Q = 0
i
0
k
i
(1)
Qi
Bsvc
Bsvc
At the end of each iteration ( k ), the variable shunt
susceptance, Bsvc is updated
k
(2)
I svc = jBsvcVi
(3)
QSVC
at bus i, is
Qsvc = Qi = Vi 2 Bsvc
(4)
Bus i
Isvc
Bsvc
xm as
xm = x1m , xm2 " , xmnd
(5)
(7)
I m = Fitness ( xm )
I m is given by
(8)
th
and n
th
firefly,
m,n
is
given by
(9)
Where
rm,n = xm xn =
nd
( x
k
m
xnk
v =1
The value of
min
(10)
max
is
nth
mth firefly moves towards the nth firefly and its motion at
th
the k iteration is denoted by the following equation:
xm(k) = xm(k1) + m,n ( xn (k1) xm (k1)) + ( rand 0.5)
the
(11)
the solution space. At each iterative step, the intensity and the
attractiveness of each firefly is calculated. The intensity of
each firefly is compared with all other fireflies and the
positions of the fireflies are updated using (11). After a
sufficient number of iterations, each firefly converges to the
same position in the search space and the global optimum is
achieved.
B.
max
min,m and m .
(12)
min,m and m
G (V
l
+ V j 2 2VV
i j cos ij )
(13)
l =1
B. Problem Constraints
The equality constraints are the load flow equation
given by
PGi PDi = Pi (V , )
(14)
QGi QDi = Qi (V , )
(15)
(16)
SVC Constraints
Min Ploss =
(17)
xm ={(L,Q
1 SVC1,m, min,m,m)....(LM ,QSVCM ,m, min,m,m).......
...(LN,QSVC,N,N, min,N ,N )}
(18)
1
1 + Ploss
(19)
Real power
loss
(MW)
0
1
13.3663
13.2882
13.2566
13.2451
13.2443
Locations
(Bus No)
Q
(MVAR)
7
13
7
7
10
13
10
13
4
7
28.876
8.617
28.314
25.889
6.021
8.155
5.962
8.172
3.704
23.572
13.38
13.36
13.34
13.32
13.3
13.28
13.26
13.24
13.22
13.2
13.18
1
attractiveness parameter
The value of
min
Real power
loss
(MW)
17.5028
17.2563
17.2193
17.1881
Number of SVC
17.1779
17.1586
Locations
(Bus No)
Q
(MVAR)
21
4
19
21
4
25
21
19
4
21
3
19
10
25
15
21
3
19
10
25
18.031
31.702
6.544
16.565
30.109
5.274
16.026
6.576
28.628
12.728
20.745
4.789
11.921
5.598
6.714
12.728
20.745
4.789
11.921
5.598
17.56
17.49
17.42
17.35
17.28
17.21
17.14
17.07
17
0
3
4
Number of SVC
V. CONCLUSION
This paper made an attempt to identify the optimal
placement of SVC and their parameter with a view of
minimizing the transmission loss in the power system network
using SAFA. Simulations results are presented for two IEEE
test systems. Results have shown that the identified location of
SVC minimize the transmission loss in the power system
network. With the above proposed algorithm it is possible for
the utility to place SVC devices in transmission network such
that proper planning and operation can be achieved with
minimum system losses.
REFERENCES
[1]