RSVP - Rpondez, S'il Vous Plat(inFrench)

which means "please reply."

The term RSVP comes from the French expression which means the person sending
the invitation would like you to tell him or her whether you accept or decline the
invitation. It is used in a situation when somebody running some sort of a function, it
gives a way that he or she can judge the expected number of guests that will attend
the function.
So, the next time you see RSVP on an invitation you receive, please call your
host and respond promptly. More important, though, is the simple courtesy of
responding to someone who was nice enough to invite you, even if it is to say that
you regret that you will not be able to attend.

ATM - Automated Teller Machine

An Automated Teller Machine is a computerized machine, originally designed for
transactions like withdrawal of money and to view bank statement, without need of
human interaction. You need to have an ATM Card to do this.
But along with its basic use, today it does a lot more than that, like :

Fund Transfer
Cash Deposit
Cash Withdrawal and Balance Enquiry
Check Deposit
Prepaid Mobile Recharge
Bill Payments and more.

ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Asynchronous Transfer Mode is a high-speed networking standard designed to
support both voice and data communications. It uses fixed-sized cells of 53 bytes in
length, that includes 48 bytes of data and 5 bytes of header. Unlike TCP/IP, in which,

packet takes different route from source to destination, ATM creates a fixed channel,
or route, between two points.

TRP - Television Rating Point

Television Rating Point is the criterion that indicates the popularity of a channel or
programme. A Programme name with higher TRP refers to large number of Viewers.
This data is very useful for the advertisers because, advertisers want to place their
advertisements during Programmes with higher TRPs. It is the criteria on which AD
rates

for

How

program

TRP

is

is

decided.
Calculated

A television programme or a commercial sent over the air, from a satellite to a TV

set, and is available for viewing by millions of viewers. So, How does one know, the
actual number of people, viewing a particular programme.
INTAM (Indian Television Audience Measurement) is the electronic rating agency
functioning in India, who manages all this. 'People meter' is an electronic device,
installed in sample homes, that record data about the channel watched by the family
members and the agency prepares a national data based on its reading. It is a tool
which is used to judge the programmes with Higher TRP.

PNR - Passenger Name Record

Passenger Name Record is a record of a passenger, or a group of passengers

traveling together through a Train or a Flight. After entering the required details, the
information is saved in the Computer Reservation System (CRS) system, and a
unique alpha-numeric record locator is generated, which will remain the same
regardless

of

any

further

changes

made

database.

Information needed before entering a PNR :

Name of the passenger(s)
Contact details of airline office or a train reservation office or an Agent
Complete information of at least one passenger
Ticketing details - Fare details, Destination, Source, Age, Name etc.
Name of the person providing the information

The most popular CRS companies used to store PNR information are :
Amadeus
Sabre
Worldspan
Galileo

RIP - Rest in Peace (in Latin - Requiescat in pace)

Rest in Peace is the phrase or initialism, commonly found on the grave of Catholics,
wishing eternal rest and peace to someone who has died. It became common on the
tombs of Catholics in the 18th century, for whom it was a prayerful request that their
soul should find peace in the afterlife.

RIP - Routing Information Protocol

Routing Information Protocol is a distance-vector routing protocol, which employs the
hop count (number of nodes between source and destination) as a routing metric.
Routing Information Protocol exists in many version including : RIP version 1,
version 2 and RIPng (next generation)

RIP - Ripping
Ripping is a process of copying audio or video content from Hard Drive to other
media form, such as DVD, HD DVD, Blu-ray or CD.

BPO - Business Process Outsourcing

Business Process Outsourcing refers to contracting of the operations and

responsibilities of business functions to a third-party service provider. Any types of
industry can include BPO like : call centers, payroll outsourcing, human resources or
accounting. The major reason for which Outsourcing is implemented, is a costsaving

measure

for

tasks

that

company

require.

Following are some of the advantages of BPO :Outside expertise

Concentration on core business
Increase in Revenue
Increase in companys flexibility
Cost reductions
India is a popular location for activities of Business Process Outsourcing. The
business deals involve multi-year contracts that can run into hundreds of millions of
dollars.

OK - Oll Korrect or Olla Kalla in Greek (means All Correct)

OK means agreed, understood if someone is telling you something and you

acknowledgment them.
Like in a Conversation
Person 1 : I am going to school
Person 2 : OK
Or, in a situation - Suppose you met with an accident last week and some one asks
"How are you" and you answer them.
Like in a Conversation
Person 1 : How are you now?
Person 2 : I am O.K.

We use it in many situation in our daily life, without even thinking that its Full Form
may also exist.

NCR - National Capital Region

National Capital Region in India is a name for the conurbation or metropolitan area
which encompasses area of Delhi including its neighboring states : Haryana, Uttar
Pradesh and Rajasthan. Infrastructure improvement in the NCR region, along with
the presence of international and domestic companies, has increased the
opportunities
The

cities

of
in

Real

these

Estate

states

which

Market
comes

in
under

and
NCR

around
region

NCR.
are

:-

Uttar Pradesh - Meerut, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Ghaziabad, Baghpat and

Bulandshahr
Haryana - Gurgaon, Rohtak, Panipat, Sonipat, Mewat, Jhajjar and Dharuhera
Rajasthan - Alwar and Bhiwadi
NCR - National Cash Register
National Cash Register, Headquartered in Duluth, Georgia, is an American computer
hardware and electronics company that makes products like automated teller
machines (ATM), check processing systems, bar-code scanners and more.

MLA - Member of Legislative Assembly

Member of Legislative Assembly is a representative selected by a Legislative

Assembly. In India, each state has between 4 to 9 MLAs for every Member of
Parliament (MP) that it has in the Lok Sabha.
There are some basic criteria for becoming a Member of Legislative Assembly : a
candidate must be an Indian citizen and must not be less that 25 years of age. Also,

if a person is not a voter from any constituency of the state, he/she can not become
the Member of Legislative Assembly.

SLR - Single Lens Reflex

SLR utilizes an automatic moving mirror system which enables the photographer to
see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging system. It basically
uses a mirror and prism system to see exactly what will be captured.
Merit & Demerit - The main advantage of an SLR camera over others is that, you
can change the lenses to get the desired image. But, a Single Lens Reflex Camera
is more heavier and costs more as compared to point-and-shoots camera.
In Financial terms, SLR - Statutory Liquidity Ratio
Statutory Liquidity Ratio refers to the amount that the commercial banks require to
maintain in the form of cash, or gold or govt. approved securities (bond and shares)
before providing credit to the customers. This restriction is imposed by RBI on banks
to make funds available to customers on demand as soon as possible.
SSC - Secondary School Certificate
Secondary School Certificate is also known as Class 10 (Class X) in Schooling
levels. The examination structure differs from board to board. After passing the
Secondary School Certificate Exam, student gets a passing certificate with grades or
percentages mentioned in it, depending upon its Performance in the theory paper
and complete year.
Most common subjects in SSC Exams are :

English
Mathematics
Science and Technology
Hindi
Social Science
SSC - Staff Selection Commission

The Staff Selection Commission conduct competitive exams for recruitment to

various services and posts including Sub-Inspectors, CAPFS & ASI in CISF, Lower
Division Grade Limited Departmental, Junior Grade of Indian Information Service
and more.

STD - Sexually Transmitted Disease

Sexually transmitted diseases are illnesses caused in the body of humans due to the
sexual interaction between two or more persons. Some of the reasons for this
disease

could

be

oral

sex,

anal

sex

or

even

vaginal

intercourse.

Some of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) are :Gonorrhea
Hepatitis, Viral
Genital herpes
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
Chlamydia
HIV/AIDS and more
STD - Subscriber Trunk Dialing
Subscriber Trunk Dialing are the Long distance dialing outside a particular area or
boundary, that does not require operator intervention. You need to have an STD
code of a particular area in which you want to call. sexually transmitted infections
(STI) and venereal diseases (VD).

AM

Ante

Meridian,

in

Latin

(Before

Noon,

in

English)

PM - Post Meridian, in Latin (After Noon, in English)

AM and PM, came form the Latin words, which represents Before Noon and After
Noon. They are used to refer to different times during day and night. It is frequently
used in all types of Digital watches, mobiles and even in computer systems.
AM is used to represent time, from midnight (12:00) to noon (11:59) usually written

as :- from 12:00 A.M to 11:59 A.M. In a sentence we can write - "I will reach college
at 09:00 AM" it means, i will reach college at 9 o'clock in the morning.
Similarly, PM represents time, from noon (12:00) to just before midnight (11:59)
usually written as :- from 12:00 P.M. to 11:59 P.M. In a sentence we can write - "I will
reach home at 09:00 PM" it means, i will reach home at 9 o'clock in the night
ETA - Estimated Time of Arrival
Estimated Time of Arrival also known as expected time of arrival, is the amount of
time remaining for a particular entity to arrive. The entity can be a train, ship, aircraft,
a courier, a vehicle or any emergency service. The time can be given in form of a
particular date, along with an expected time in hours and minutes. This
measurement of time is done with the help of past data or by calculating it with the
help

of

formula.

For example - Suppose, if an aircraft has to go from city 1 to city 2, with distance
between them is 2400 Kms. Now, if the aircraft travels at the rate of 400 kms per
hour. The Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) at city 2 will be 6 hours. We got this
number

with

the

help

of

formula

ETA = Total Distance/Speed

IAS - Indian Administrative Services

The Indian Administrative Service is the administrative civil service of the

Government of India. The IAS officers are recruited through the exam of Union
Public Service Commission (UPSC), which is considered very difficult. These officers
hold

key

positions

in

the

Union

and

State

The Indian Administrative Service is one of the 3 All India Services :Indian Administrative Service (IAS)
Indian Police Service (IPS)
Indian Forest Service (IFS)

governments.

These Officers deal with district affairs, law and order of their division, general
administration and development work. This is a really secure and top-notch job
which includes facilities like - housing, medical, conveyance and more, along with a
high and lucrative salary.

NRI - Non-Resident Indian

A Non-Resident Indian is a term used for a person who is an Indian citizen but has
migrated to another country. Apart from this, it is also used to represent a person
who is an Indian origin but born outside India. This often includes Indian born
individuals who have taken the citizenship of other countries.
Some common reasons for becoming NRI :

Employment outside India

Staying due to medical reasons
Working on assignment with foreign government
Went for Training
Carrying out a business and many more.

HR - Human Resource

Human Resource is a group of HR Managers in an organization that focuses on

recruitment, management, and providing direction for the people in a structured and
thorough manner. The Human resources Management (HRM) is the most important
department

in

There are following Functions of an HR :Personnel Hiring

Performance Appraisal
Employee motivation

any

company.

Administration
Talent management
The Human resources Management (HRM) considers every employee to be an
asset of the company because they make up a company's workforce. A company is
more likely to be successful if it manages all of its workforce well. People are an
asset that must be hired, satisfied and retained.

NDA - National Democratic Alliance

The National Democratic Alliance is a coalition of political parties in India established

in 1998. At the time of its formation in 1998, NDA Government was led by Bhartiya
Janata Party (BJP) and 13 constituent parties. For the first time the coalition was in
power

from

1998

The NDA alliance parties names are given below :Bhartiya Janata Party(BJP)
Shiv Sena
Indian National Lok Da(INLD)
Janata Dal (United)
Uttarakhand Kranti Dal
Nagaland People's Front
Shiromani Akali Dal(SAD)
Gorkha Janmukti Morcha
Mizo National Front
Kamtapur Progressive Party
Asom Gana Parishad(AGP)
Ladakh Union Territory Front
Telangana Rashtra Samithi

SUV - Sport Utility Vehicle

to

2004.

Sport Utility Vehicle is a type of 4-wheeler which can run in almost all types of Roads
including : Highways, City Roads, Forest roads, farmland and countryside. They
have very spacious interiors and sturdy exterior, which makes them one of the best
option for on or off-road driving. Some Sport utility vehicle are compact, some have
the

carrying

capacity

of

minivan.

There is a huge market of Sport utility vehicle and is increasing day by day. Almost
all Automobile companies in India like : Mahindra, Tata, Honda, Ford, Hyundai, AUDI,
BMW, are manufacturing different models of SUVs.

UPA - United Progressive Alliance

The United Progressive Alliance is a coalition of political parties in India, formed after
the General Election in 2004. UPA Government is led by National Political Party
Indian

National

Congress

The UPA alliance parties names are shown below :Indian National Congress
All India TrinamoolCongress
Nationalist Congress Party
Indian Union Muslim League
Rashtriya Lok Dal(RLD)
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
Sikkim Democratic Front
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference
All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen
Kerala Congress (Mani)

FIR - First Information Report

(INC).

First Information Report is a written document prepared by police organizations,

when they receive information by the victim of a cognizable offense or by someone
on his on her behalf. FIR should be appended by the signature of the informer and a
copy

of

Procedure

the

same

for

filing

should
a

be

given
First

to

the

informer.

Information

Report

The information should be entered in the FIR register maintained at every police

station. The Page Holds the Following Information :FIR Number

Name of the victim or the person who is reporting a complaint
The name of the offender (if known) or its description
Description of the offense
Place of the offense

PS or P.S. - PostScript

PS or P.S., is writing added after the main body of a letter. After the fact, it allows you
to add anything you forgot to mention in your message, book or an article.
A postscript can be in the form of a line or a paragraph added after the
signature of a letter. One of the famous movie's name included this term P.S. I Love
You.

APJ Abdul Kalam - Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam was the 11th President of India and a former Indian scientist, a
Missile Man of India. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born in 1931 at
Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu.
Academics - He did his schooling in Ramanathapuram district, for college he moved
to Triuchirapalli and did his diploma in Engineering from IIT, Chennai.

Career - He started his career with DRDO in 1958 and five year later he joined
ISRO. He received numerous awards including Padam Bhushan, Padam Vibhushan
and Bharat Ratan. Then APJ Abdul Kalam served as the 11th President of India from
the period 2002 to 2007.

CFL - Compact Fluorescent Lamp

Compact Fluorescent Lamp are the energy saving lamps, designed to reduce the
power consumption by old incandescent lamp. Modern CFLs typically last at least six
times more than an equivalent incandescent bulb and consumes only 25% of the
power. But,
CFLs

they

generally
are

cost

slightly

more

than

incandescent
types

bulbs.
:

Integrated - Integrated lamps combine the tube and ballast in a single unit. They are
designed to provide the compatibility in replacing the old incandescent lamp.
Non-integrated - Non-integrated CFLs have the ballast permanently installed in the
luminaire, and only the lamp bulb is usually changed at its end of life. They less
flexible as compared to its Integrated counterpart.

BCCI - Board of Control for Cricket in India

Board of Control for Cricket in India, is the national governing body for cricket in
India. It is Affiliated to International Cricket Council (ICC), founded in 1928 and
headquartered at Mumbai, India. It controls all the tournaments which happens in
India and outside India in which Indian player are participating. R. E. Grant Govan
was made its first president and Anthony De Mello its first secretary.

BCCI is responsible for conducting the following Tournaments :Indian Premier League

Ranji Trophy
Deodhar Trophy
Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy
Duleep Trophy
Vijay Hazare Trophy

IPS - Indian Police Service

The Indian Police Service was constituted under the Constitution of India in the year
of 1948. The IPS officers provide senior level leadership particularly in the areas of
crime prevention, smuggling, corruption in public life, investigation, maintenance of
public peace, border policing, drug trafficking, disaster management and more, to
Police Forces at the district, States and at the Center level.
The Indian Administrative Service is one of the 3 All India Services :Indian
Indian
Indian

Police
Administrative
Forest

Service
Service
Service

(IPS)
(IAS)
(IFS)

Indian Police Service Officers can opt for one of the following career :Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)
Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)
Assistant Superintendent of Police
Central Reserve Police Force
Intelligence Bureau
Director General of Police
Border Security Force

FMCG - Fast Moving Consumer Goods

Fast Moving Consumer Goods are the daily used products with relatively High Sales
volume and low price. It includes : soft drinks, Bread, toiletries, batteries, milk,
chocolate, glassware, light bulbs and grocery items. India is a relatively big market

for all Fast Moving Consumer Goods, due to its large consumer base.

Some of the top FMCG Companies of India are :Amul India

Britannia Industries Ltd.
Asian Paints (India)
Nestle India
Dabur India Ltd
Johnson & Johnson
Indian Tobacco Company Ltd.
Hindustan Unilever Ltd.
Gillette India Ltd.
Marico Industries Ltd.
Wipro

IPL - Indian Premier League

The Indian Premier League is a Twenty20 Cricket tournament, started by Board of
Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, in 2008.
Players from all over the world participate in this tournament and form multiple teams
with the name of the major cities in India. It includes :- Delhi Daredevils, Kolkata
Knight Riders, Mumbai Indians, Kochi Tuskers Kerala, Chennai Super Kings and
more.

IPL - Initial Program Load

Initial Program Load is a mainframe term used to refer the process for loading the
operating system into the computer's main memory.

IPL - Information Programming Language

DSLR - Digital Single Lens Reflex

DSLR uses a single lens reflex (SLR) mechanism, but always use removable lenses
only and the same sensor chip for every shot. Holding the camera against the face
helps steady it. Since 2007, DSLRs began to include automatic systems for dust
reduction or removal. In addition, DSLRs have a "mirror lockup" function that flips the
mirror out of the way to expose the sensor for cleaning.
There are following reasons which you can consider for Upgrading to a DSLR
Camera :

Image Quality
Optical Viewfinder
Speed
Large ISO range
Depth of Field
Quality Optics

COO - Chief Operating Officer

Chief Operating Officer is the senior manager who reports to the Chief executive
officer (CEO) about company's day-to-day operations. Chief executive officer
remains too busy in production quotas and other operations of a firm, so a Chief
Operating Officer is needed in an organization to fulfill the requirements. so, we can
say, a Chief Operating Officers real job is to babysit a Chief executive officer (CEO).
COO's task vary from company to company. But, some of the common

responsibilities are :Inventory and working capital management

Operations management
Develop and Design the system that deliver products
Calculating the improving the manufacturing capacity
Finding the low-cost supply sources
Increasing global operations and tapping emerging markets
COO

Cell

of

Origin

Cell of Origin is a mobile positioning technique for finding a caller's cell location.

FOR - Freight on Road

If we order something on F.O.R. basis, that good mentioned in the invoice will be
transmitted from the supplier to the client without any transportation charges.
Sometimes, it is also called Free on Road (Rail, Board or Ship).
Freight transportation is the process of conveying goods from one point to another
using a variety of transport modes. The transport modes include road solutions, air
deliveries and even the use of waterways.
Road accounts for the vast majority of freight traffic but Rail freight has also
increased slightly from the mid-1990s. The major world markets are all accessible
via road that is why and a road freight company that can navigate these routes and
deal with importers and exporters always stays ahead of others and works on FOR
Basis.

VISA - charta visa, in Latin (means, paper that has been seen)
It is a document issued by a country to a person to formally ask the traveling country
for permission, with a specific reason for a stipulated amount of time. All the
countries have their own VISA laws and it is up to the country to allow a traveler to
allow him/her or not. A visa does not guarantee entry, a person may also may also
be

rejected

after

getting

permitted.

A VISA can be of many types like study, business or work. Like, if you want to pursue
study in US, you need to get a study VISA of US.
VISA - Visa International Service Association

Visa International Service Association is a multinational corporation based in San

Francisco, California, USA. It issues and manages products including credit cards
and debit cards which can be used internationally for retail payment, online
transaction, ATM, merchants, managing payments among financial institutions and
more.

PCS - Personal Communications Service

Personal Communications Service is similar to mobile communication service with
the difference of emphasizing personal service and extended mobility. The device is
usually smaller than the mobile device and requires a number of antennas to blanket
an area of home, office or building. It can be used for voice and data communication
over a wireless medium by incorporating a digital technology.

PCS - Provincial Civil Services

Provincial Civil Services are the state civil services whose employees are under the
control of state government and not be transferred to other state.

PCS - Public Civil Service

CC - Cubic Capacity or Cubic centimeter

Cubic Capacity is the total capacity of the engine volume which is the measure of the
area from the top of the piston at bottom dead center, to the top of the barrel. It is
measured in Cubic centimeters. A cubic centimeter is calculated as :
1 cubic cm. = 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm
CC - Cash Credit
Cash Credit is basically a source through which banks lend money to government,
business or individual, against the security they give.

DJ - Disc Jockey

Disc Jockey is a person who play music for the audience of a Party, Pub or Disco.
Disc Jockey's can play the original music or make use of a mixer to change its
complete music and lyrics. Disc Jockey has a complete control over the music
getting played in the hall.
The name Disc Jockey came from "Compact disc" (an optical storage medium for
songs and data) which are usually used by the DJ's to play songs

AD - Anno Domini

The term Anno Domini is Medieval Latin, which means "In the year of the Lord". It is
used to denote the era of time. Sometimes C.E. (Common Era) is used instead of
"Anno Domini", to avoid Christian references. AD and BC are the designations used
to label number of years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, with AD counting
years after the start of the epoch, and BC denoting years before the start of the
epoch.
Misconception with AD
It is due to BC which is an English shorthand of Before Christ, AD has been
incorrectly concluded to After Death, which is actually wrong to use.

RDX - Research Department eXplosive or Royal Demolition eXplosive (by Great

Britain)

RDX is an explosive nitroamine widely used in military and industrial applications. It

is a very insensitive high explosive and considered to be more powerful than TNT.
The compound is odourless and so it can not be detected by conventional devices.
Its chemical name is cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine or can also be called as cyclo-trimethylene tri-nitramine, 2,4,6 tri-nitro N-methyl aniline, hexogen, T4 and cyclonite.