Anne

Boleyn (/bln/, /bln/ or /bln/)[3][4] (c.

1501[1] 19 May 1536) was Queen of
England from 1533 to 1536 as the second
wife of King Henry VIII and Marquess of
Pembroke in her own right.[5]Henry's
marriage to Anne, and her subsequent
execution, made her a key figure in the
political and religious upheaval that was
the start of the English Reformation. Anne
was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn, 1st
Earl of Wiltshire, and his wife, Lady
Elizabeth Howard, and was educated in
the Netherlands and France, largely as
a maid of honour to Claude of France.
She returned to England in early 1522, to
marry her Irish cousin James Butler, 9th
Earl of Ormond; the marriage plans ended
in failure and she secured a post at court
as maid of honour to Henry VIII's
wife, Catherine of Aragon.

Early in 1523 there was a secret betrothal

between Anne and Henry Percy, son of
the 5th Earl of Northumberland. In
January 1524, Cardinal Thomas
Wolsey broke the betrothal, Anne was
sent back home toHever Castle, and
Percy was married to Lady Mary Talbot, to
whom he had been betrothed since
adolescence. In February/March 1526,
Henry VIII began his pursuit of Anne. She
resisted his attempts to seduce her,
refusing to become his mistress which
her sister Mary had been. It soon became
the one absorbing object of Henry's
desires to annul his marriage to Queen
Catherine so he would be free to marry
Anne. When it became clear that Pope
Clement VII would not annul the marriage,
the breaking of the power of the Catholic
Church in England began. In 1532, Henry
granted her the Marquessate of
Pembroke.

Henry and Anne married on 25 January

1533. On 23 May 1533, Thomas
Cranmer declared Henry and Catherine's
marriage null and void; five days later, he
declared Henry and Anne's marriage to be
good and valid. Shortly afterwards, the
Pope decreed sentences
of excommunication against Henry and
Cranmer. As a result of this marriage and
these excommunications, the first break
between the Church of England and
Rome took place and the Church of
England was brought under the King's
control. Anne was crowned Queen of
England on 1 June 1533. On 7
September, she gave birth to the
future Queen Elizabeth I, whose gender
disappointed Henry. He was not entirely
discouraged, for he said that a son would
surely follow and professed to love
Elizabeth. Three miscarriages followed,

and by March 1536, Henry was

courting Jane Seymour.
Henry had Anne investigated for high
treason in April 1536. On 2 May she was
arrested and sent to the Tower of London,
where she was tried before a jury of peers
which included Henry Percy, her former
betrothed, and her own uncle, Thomas
Howard and found guilty on 15 May.
She was beheaded four days later.
Modern historians view the charges
against her, which
included adultery, incest, and witchcraft,
as unconvincing. Following the coronation
of her daughter, Elizabeth, as queen,
Anne was venerated as a martyr and
heroine of the English Reformation,
particularly through the works of John
Foxe.[6] Over the centuries, she has
inspired or been mentioned in
numerous artistic and cultural works. As a
result, she has retained her hold on the

popular imagination. Anne has been

called "the most influential and
important queen consort England has ever
had",[7] since she provided the occasion
for Henry VIII to annul his marriage
to Catherine of Aragon, and declare his
independence from Rome.

HenryVIII Catherine

MarkZuckerbergisanAmericanENTREPRENEURwhoisthecofounderofFacebook.Zuckerberg
launchedFacebookfromhisHarvarddormroomonFebruary4,2004.Facebooknowhasover800
millionusersandgeneratesover$4billioninrevenueayear.Asaresult,Zuckerbergisoneofthe
youngest billionaires in the world. Although Zuckerberg is an ENTREPRENEUR, he is not an
INNOVATOR(Word126).Zuckerbergborrowedhisoriginalconceptfromaproductproducedbyhis
prepschool,PhillipsExeterAcademy.Fordecades,theschoolpublishedanddistributedaprinted
manualforallitsstudentsandfaculty,unofficiallycalledthefacebook.However,Zuckerbergwas
PRESCIENT (Word 390). Like other Internet pioneers, he understood the power of the Web to
createaninteractivecommunityofusers,andin2010VanityFairmagazinenamedhim#1onits
listoftheTop100mostinfluentialpeopleoftheInformationAge.

The pursuit of happiness

In 1981 San Francisco, salesman Chris Gardner (Will Smith) invests his entire life
savings in portable bone-density scanners which he demonstrates to doctors and pitches
as a handy quantum leap over standard X-rays. While he is able to sell most of them, the
time lag between the sales and his growing financial demands enrage his already bitter
and alienated wife Linda (Thandie Newton), who works as a hotel maid. The lack of a
stable financial state increasingly erodes their marriage, in spite of them caring for their
five-year old son, Christopher (Jaden Smith).
While downtown trying to sell one of the scanners, Gardner meets Jay Twistle (Brian
Howe), a manager for Dean Witter Reynolds and impresses him by solving a Rubik's
Cube during a short taxi ride. After Jay leaves, Gardner lacks money to pay the fare, and
chooses to run, resulting in the driver chasing him into a subway station. Gardner boards
a train but loses one of his scanners in the process. His new relationship with Jay earns
him the chance to become an intern stockbroker. The day before the interview, Gardner
grudgingly agrees to paint his apartment so as to postpone moving out due to his
difficulty in paying the rent. While painting, Gardner is greeted by the police at his
doorstep, who brings him to the station, stating he has to pay for his numerous parking
tickets he has accumulated. As part of the sanction, Gardner is ordered to spend the
night in jail, complicating his schedule for the interview the next morning. He manages to
arrive at Dean Witter's office on time, albeit still in his shabby clothes. Despite his
appearance, he impresses the interviewers, and lands an internship. He will be amongst
20 interns competing for a paid position as a broker.
Gardner's unpaid internship does not please Linda, who eventually leaves for New York.
After Gardner bluntly says she is incapable of being a single mother, she agrees that
Christopher will remain with his father. Gardner is further set back when his bank account
is garnished by the IRS for unpaid income taxes, and he and his young son are evicted.
He ends up with less than thirty dollars, resulting in them being homeless, and are forced
at one point to stay in a restroom at a subway station. Other days, he and Christopher
spend nights at a homeless shelter, in a subway, or, if he manages to procure cash, at a
hotel. Later, Gardner finds the bone scanner that he lost in the subway station and, after
repairing it, sells it to a physician, thus completing all his sales of his scanners.
Disadvantaged by his limited work hours, and knowing that maximizing his client contacts
and profits is the only way to earn the broker position, Gardner develops a number of
ways to make phone sales calls more efficiently, including reaching out to potential high
value customers, defying protocol. One sympathetic prospect who is a top-level pension
fund manager even takes him and his son to a San Francisco 49ers game. Regardless of
his challenges, he never reveals his lowly circumstances to his colleagues, even going so
far as to lend one of his bosses five dollars for a cab, a sum he cannot afford. Concluding

his internship, Gardner is called into a meeting with his managers. One of them notes he
is wearing a new shirt. Gardner explains it is his last day and thought to dress for the
occasion. The manager smiles and says he should wear it again tomorrow, letting him
know he has won the coveted full-time position. Fighting back tears, Gardner shakes
hands with them, then rushes to his son's daycare to embrace Christopher. They walk
down the street, joking with each other and are passed by a man in a business suit (the
real Chris Gardner in a cameo appearance). The epilogue reveals that Gardner went on
to form his own multi-million dollar brokerage firm.

WhatdoOprahWinfrey,AngelinaJolie,andBradPitthaveincommon?Allthreearecelebrities
known for their MUNIFICENT donations to charities. Oprah is regularly the worlds most
MUNIFICENTcelebritydonor.Herannualdonationsof$4050millionhavemadeherthegreatest
black philanthropist in American history. Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt also showed their
MUNIFICENCE when they gave $8.4 million to their JoliePitt Foundation. Their LARGESSE
(generosity)isenablingtheMakeItRightProjecttobuild150greenhousesinNewOrleanssLower
9thWard,whichwasdevastatedbyHurricaneKatrina.

Oprah Gail Winfrey (born January 29, 1954) is an American media proprietor, talk show
host, actress, producer, and philanthropist.[1] Winfrey is best known for her multi-awardwinning talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show which was the highest-rated program of its
kind in history and was nationally syndicated from 1986 to 2011.[5] Dubbed the "Queen of
All Media",[6] she has been ranked the richest African-American of the 20th century,[7] the
greatest black philanthropist in American history,[8][9] and is currently North America's only
black billionaire.[10] She is also, according to some assessments, the most influential
woman in the world.[11][12] In 2013, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of
Freedom by President Barack Obama[13] and an honorary doctorate degree
from Harvard.[14]
Winfrey was born into poverty in rural Mississippi to a teenage single mother and later
raised in an inner-city Milwaukee neighborhood. She experienced considerable hardship
during her childhood, saying she was raped at age nine and became pregnant at 14; her
son died in infancy.[15] Sent to live with the man she calls her father, a barber
in Tennessee, Winfrey landed a job in radio while still in high school and began coanchoring the local evening news at the age of 19. Her emotional ad-lib delivery
eventually got her transferred to the daytime-talk-show arena, and after boosting a third-

rated local Chicago talk show to first place,[16] she launched her own production company
and became internationally syndicated.
Credited with creating a more intimate confessional form of media communication,[17] she
is thought to have popularized and revolutionized[17][18] the tabloid talk show genre
pioneered by Phil Donahue,[17] which a Yale study says broke 20th-century taboos and
allowed LGBT people to enter the mainstream.[19][20] By the mid-1990s, she had
reinvented her show with a focus on literature, self-improvement, and spirituality. Though
criticized for unleashing a confession culture, promoting controversial selfhelp ideas,[21] and an emotion-centered approach[22] she is often praised for overcoming
adversity to become a benefactor to others.[23] From 2006 to 2008, her support of Barack
Obama, by one estimate, delivered over a million votes in the close 2008 Democratic
primary race.[24]

Are there times when APPEASEMENT is a wise policy? The British Prime Minister Neville
Chamberlainthoughtso.AttheMunichConferenceinSeptember1938,ChamberlainAPPEASED
Hitler by agreeing to his demand to control the Sudetenland. When he returned to London,
Chamberlaintoldcheeringcrowds,Ibelieveitispeaceforourtime.Chamberlainsprediction
provedtobetragicallywrong.

JosephStalinruledtheSovietUnionasanAUTOCRAT(Word264)from1924untilhisdeathin1953.
StalinusedterrortoCOERCEtheRussianpeopletounquestioninglyfollowhisleadership.Inthe
Gulag Archipelago, Alexander Solzhenitsyn describes a Communist Party conference in which
officials respond to a call for a tribute to Comrade Stalin with stormy applause. The ovation
continued because secret police were standing in the hall applauding and waiting to see who
would quit first! The threat of COERCION worked: The applause went on six, seven, eight
minutes!Finallyafter11minutesthedirectorofapaperfactorystoppedapplaudingandsatdown.
Solzhenitsynexplains,Thatwashowtheydiscoveredwhotheindependentpeoplewere.Ina
frightening demonstration of COERCION, the authorities arrested the factory director and
sentencedhimtotenyearsinalaborcamp.Inachillingreminderofthepowerofatotalitarian
statetoCOERCEconformity,theinterrogatorremindedtheformerfactorydirector,Donteverbe
thefirsttostopapplauding.

_
Though she died in 1996, Barbara Jordan, the first African American congresswoman from the
South,isstilladmiredandacclaimedasthePERSONIFICATIONofastateswoman.Shewasfreshman
memberoftheJudiciaryCommitteethatconsideredarticlesofimpeachmentagainstPresident
RichardM.Nixon.Afterexplainingthereasoningbehindhersupportofeachofthefivearticlesof
impeachmentagainstPresidentNixon,Jordansaidthatifherfellowcommitteemembersdidnot

findtheevidencecompellingenough,thenperhapstheeighteenthcenturyConstitutionshould
be abandoned to a twentiethcentury paper shredder. Beth Rogers, in her book about Jordan,
writesaboutherimpactduringtheWatergatescandal:Herrivetingtestimonyin1974,whenshe
JUXTAPOSED (Word 426) the intent and words of the Constitution against the behavior of the
presidentoftheUnitedStates,earnedherAmericastrust.

in his book The Twelve Caesars, the Roman historian Suetonious described the LICENTIOUS
behaviorofthefirstRomanemperors.HeparticularlyDECRIED(Word174)theDISSOLUTEantics
ofEmperorCaligula.WhenCaligulasgrandmotherAntoniaADMONISHED(Word69)himtochange
hisways,Caligularebukedherwiththeremark,RememberthatIhavetherighttodoanythingto
anybody. Drunk with power, Caligula bathed in perfume, built great pleasure barges, and
demandedthathebeworshippedasagod.CaligulasLICENTIOUSreigncametoanabruptend
whenoneofhisguardskilledhiminasecretpassage
ofthepalace.Atfirst,manyRomanshesitatedtobelievethenews,fearingthatthiswasatrickof
theDISSOLUTEemperortodiscoverwhowouldrejoiceathisdeath.

_
Rememberthetitians

In 1971, at the segregated T. C. Williams High School, a black head coach Herman
Boone (Washington) is hired to lead the school's football team. Boone takes over from
the current coach Bill Yoast (Patton), nominated for the Virginia High School Hall of
Fame. As a show of respect, Boone offers an assistant coordinator coaching position to
Yoast. Yoast at first refuses Boone's offer, but reconsiders after the white players pledge
to boycott the team if he does not participate. Dismayed at the prospect of the students
losing their chances at scholarships, Yoast changes his mind and takes up the position of
defensive coordinator.
Black and white football team members frequently clash in racially motivated conflicts at
their football camp, including some between captain Gerry Bertier (Hurst), and Julius
Campbell (Harris). But after forceful coaxing and rigorous athletic training by Boone, the
team achieves racial harmony and success. After returning from football camp, Boone is
told by a member of the school board that if he loses even a single game, he will be fired.
Subsequently, the Titans go through the season undefeated while battling racial
prejudice, before slowly gaining support from the community.
Just before the state semi-finals, Yoast is told by a member of the school board that he
will be in to inducted into the Hall of Fame after the Titans lose one game, implying he
wants Boone to be fired over his race. During the game, it becomes apparent that the
referees are biased against the Titans. Yoast warns the head official that he will go to the

press and expose the scandal unless it is refereed fairly. The Titans win, but Yoast is told
that his actions have resulted in his loss of candidacy for induction.
While celebrating the victory, Bertier is in an automobile accident, after driving through an
intersection. Although Bertier could not play due to injury, the team goes on to win the
championship. Ten years later Bertier dies after winning the Gold medal in Shot put in the
paralympics. The team, coaches and athletes reunite to attend his funeral.
In the epilogue, we find out what happened to the players and coaches after the events:

Herman Boone coached the Titans football team for five more years until he retired
and living in Alexandria.

Bill Yoast assisted Boone for four more years, and he retired from coaching in 1990.
They are best friends, and continue their relationship today.

Gerry Bertier was a two-time all American, and became a leader and inspiration to
the handicapped community in Virginia. He was killed in a car crash with a drunk
driver in 1981, and the gym at T.C. Williams is named after him.

Big Julius was named to the 1971 all-American team. When his football days are
over, he began working for the city of Alexandria. He and Bertier remained close
friends until Gerry's death.

Sheryl Yoast continued to help her father on the field.

Ronnie "Sunshine" Bass became a starting quarter back at University of South

Carolina. He lives in Greenville, South Carolina, and works for ABC.

Petey Jones remained in Alexandria and work for the Alexandria school system. He
still works there today.

Jerry Harris, The "Rev", retired from football after the 1971 season. He
attended Federal City College, and currently works for US Air.

Lewis Lastik played four years of college football at Austin Peay State University. He
graduated and now became a successful business man in Tennessee.