Midterm Exam 2 (MATH 2163 Calculus III; Sections 7/9)

Students Name:

Date: October 26, 2012

The maximum number of points is 120 (20 points for each problem) including
20 bonus points. 100 points earned are counted as 100% score
1. Use the Chair Rule to nd z/s and z/t, where
z = ex+2y ,

s
x= ,
t

t
y= .
s

Solution. Domain for z(x, y) is clearly R2 , but it is not the case for x = x(s, t) and
y = y(s, t). If we need both functions to be well dened, we need to consider them on
{(s, t) : s = 0, t = 0}. On this set, we can apply the Chain Rule. For this rule we need:
s
2t
z
= ex+2y = e t + s ;
x

s
2t
z
= 2ex+2y = 2e t + s ;
y

x
1
y
t
= ;
= 2;
s
t
s
s
x
s
y
1
= 2;
= .
t
t
t
s
Now, the Chain Rule yields
s
2t
z
z x z y
=
+
= et+ s
s
x s y s
s
2t
z
z x z y
=
+
= et+ s
t
x t
y t

(
(

1 2t

t s2
2
s
2
s t

)
,
)
.


2. Find an equation of the tangent plane to the surface yz = ln(x + z) at the point
(0, 0, 1).
Solution. We need an equation of the surface in the form F (x, y, z) = 0 (you may also
express y as a function of the rest of variables, however, it is not a general method reducing
also the domain). So, we may take, for example,
F (x, y, z) = ln(x + z) yz.
The domain of F is the same as the domain of the initial equation: {(x, y, z) : x + z > 0}.
In the interior of this set (our point (0, 0, 1), clearly, belongs to this interior), a normal vector
(0, 0, 1). If x + z > 0, then
to the tangent plane is the gradient F
1
F
=
;
x
x+z

F
= z;
y

F
1
=
y.
z
x+z

Hence,
(0, 0, 1) = 1, 1, 1 ,
F
and an equation of the tangent plane is
1(x 0) + (1)(y 0) + 1(z 1) = 0,
1

or
x y + z 1 = 0.

3. Find the points of local maximum, local minimum, and saddle points of the function
(
)
f (x, y) = ey y 2 x2 .
Solution. Clearly, the domain of f is R2 , and f is also dierentiable everywhere.
f
= 2xey ;
x

(
)
(
)
f
= ey y 2 x2 + ey 2y = ey y 2 x2 + 2y .
y

Hence, the only possibility for a point to be a critical point of f is when both partial
derivatives of f are equal to 0 at this point. Therefore, we get the system of equations to
solve
{
{
{
2xey = 0
x=0
x=0
ey (y 2 x2 + 2y) = 0
y 2 + 2y = 0
y = 0, 2
Thus, we have two critical points: (0, 0) and (0, 2). We will use the Second Derivative Test
to check what do we have at each of these points.
2f
= 2ey ;
x2

( 2
) y
( 2
)
2f
y
2
y
2
=
e
y

x
+
2y
+e
(2y
+
2)
=
e
y

x
+
4y
+
2
;
y 2

At (0, 0):

(
A2 =

2 0
0 2

2f
= 2xey .
xy

)
.

So, 2 = 4 < 0, and we conclude that (0, 0) is a saddle point of f .

At (0, 2):
(
)
2e2
0
A2 =
.
0
2e2
Thus, 1 = 2e2 < 0, 2 = 4e4 > 0, and we conclude that (0, 2) is a point of strict
local maximum of f . f (0, 2) = 4e2 . 
4. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of
{
}
f (x, y) = 2x3 + y 4 in D = (x, y) : x2 + y 2 1 .
Solution. First, let us note that f is dened in the whole D, so, we can proceed. Since D
is compact, and f is continuous in D, then it is bounded there, and absolute maximum and
minimum values are attained somewhere in D. So, if one of them is attained in the interior
of D, Do = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 < 1}, then it must be a critical point of f . So, we need to nd
these points. Since f is, obviously, dierentiable everywhere, we need to nd the following
system
{ 2
{
{ f
=0
6x = 0
x=0
x
.
f
3
4y = 0
y=0
=0
y
So, we have the only critical point of f at (0, 0). This point belongs to D, so we need the
value of f at this point:
f (0, 0) = 0.
(1)
Now, on the boundary of D, D = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 = 1}, we can express y 2 through x:
y 2 = 1 x2 ,
2

and put it directly to the expression of f . Thus, on D, our function f coincides with
(
)2
g(x) := 2x3 + 1 x2 = x4 + 2x3 2x2 + 1.
The interval of changing x is, clearly, [1, 1] (if you have doubts, sketch the domain, that
is often very useful). So, to get the absolute minimum/maximum values of f on D, we
just need to nd the absolute minimum/maximum values of g on [1, 1]. There is a standard procedure for doing this: compare values at critical points of g in (1, 1), and at the
endpoints, 1 and 1.
(
)
g (x) = 4x3 + 6x2 4x = 2x x2 + 3x 2 .
Solving this equation, we have three roots: x = 0, x = 1/2, x = 2. The third one does
not belong to [1, 1], so, we will ignore it. Now,
( )
1
13
g(0) = 1, g
= , g(1) = 2, g(1) = 2.
(2)
2
16
Finally, we need to choose maximum and minimum values from those shown in (1) and
(2). Thus, the absolute maximum value is 2 (attained when x = 1, employing the
expression for the boundary of D, we conclude that corresponding value of y is y = 0,
whence the absolute maximum is attained at (1, 0)), and the absolute minimum value
is 2 (attained when x = 1, i.e., at (1, 0)). 
5. Evaluate the iterated integral
1 2
(
)
( )
x 1 + y 2 cos x2 dy dx.
0

Solution. The function under the integral sign is a product of two functions:
( )
x cos x2 , and 1 + y 2 ,
one of them is dependent only of x, and the second one only of y. Therefore,
1 2
1
2
(
)
( 2)
( 2)
(
)
2
x 1 + y cos x dy dx =
x cos x dx
1 + y 2 dy.
0

To evaluate the rst integral, we need the substitution x2 = t, then x dx =

limits of integration are again 0 and 1. So,
1

( 2)
1 1
1
sin(1)
x cos x dx =
cos t dt = [sin t]10 =
.
2 0
2
2
0
The second integral is just an elementary one:
[
]2
2
(
)
y3
14
8
2
1 + y dy = y +
=2+ = .
3 0
3
3
0
Now, (3) implies immediately
1 2
(
)
( )
sin(1) 14
7 sin(1)
x 1 + y 2 cos x2 dy dx =

=
.
2
3
3
0
0

3

(3)

0
1
2

dt, and new

6. Find the volume of the solid that lies under the hyperbolic paraboloid z = 3y 2 x2 + 2
and above the rectangle R = [1, 1] [1, 2].
Solution. Since z(x, y) 0 in R, the volume is just the integral of z over R:

1 2
1
( 2
)
( 2
)
[ 3
]2
2
2
V =
3y x + 2 dA =
3y x + 2 dy dx =
y x2 y + 2y y=1 dx =
1

[
]1
(
)
x3
2
8 2x + 4 1 x + 2 dx =
9 x dx = 9x
=
3 1
1
(
)
1
1
1
2
9 9 +
= 18 = 17 .
3
3
3
3
2

))