5.

4 Proposed Multiple Use system Application

Multiple water Use system is a low-cost, equitable water supply system that provides
communities with water for both domestic needs and high-value agricultural production,
including rearing livestock. They are designed for use in rural areas, inhabited by
smallholder farmers, and generally cover ten to 40 households, although some have
served many more households.
In a water supply system designed for a single use, such as irrigating crops, livestock
might damage hardware if they try to access the water, and people needing water for
domestic uses might find there is no water provided in months when it is not needed for
watering crops. These problems can be overcome when designing water supply
systems for multiple uses. For example, steps can be built to provide access for bathing
or washing clothes, and access points can be provided to give livestock safe access to
water. Sufficient water can be supplied that there is always some available for domestic
uses, even at times when the crops do not need water. Other livelihood options can also
be considered; for example, using water for fisheries, as well as rearing livestock,
growing crops and domestic uses. MWUS can benefit women; for example, by reducing
the time they have to spend gathering water and by providing water close to their home
with which they can grow produce to feed their families.
The proposed multiple proposed system application can provide the more vulnerable
users with low cost services for drinking purposes, domestic water, water for agriculture
(irrigation, rain fed), homestead, gardening, water for cattle, habitats for other aquatic
resources and rural enterprise water supplies. The same infrastructure may be used for
these services as well as for hydroelectric power.
The proposed multiple use system applications detail for the area of study are
mentioned in the table ?

5.5 Proposed environment and ecology scheme:

Environment may be defined as the surroundings of a physical system that may interact
with the system by exchanging mass, energy, or other properties. Whereas, ecology is
the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment,
such as the interactions organisms have with each other and with their abiotic
environment. The current project deals with District karak with specific emphasis on
tehsil takht-e-nasrati which has got a semi-arid climate. These regions are always
characterized by highly variable and unpredictable rainfall which is a precursor to the
need of developing highly The causes of the crisis are both natural and man-made,
intensified by several years of drought.
The increase in water demand for domestic use, caused by population growth and the
rising standard of living, has led to over-utilization of its renewable water sources
effecting ecology and environment.
We propose the use of sustainable management schemes to deal with chronic shortage
of water in the subject area. The most effective schemes found during the research are
stated here and are also mentioned in the statistical table (..?).

The first and foremost is the reuse of drainage water for irrigation purposes. In semi-arid
areas where irrigation water is scarce, it is an important strategy for supplementing
water resources. Reuse may help alleviate drainage disposal problems by reducing the
volume of drainage water involved thus helping maintain the ecology of the area. The
environment benefits the most if the strategy is applied with optimal results.
Furthermore, proposed ecology and environment schemes can be adapted as per need
in the union councils of the project area i.e. Mianki, shnawa Gudi Khel, Siraj Khel,
Warana Ahmadabad, Chokara, Jahangiri and Takht-e- Nasrati (table ?)

5.6 Proposed DRR Mitigation Management & Others

Natural disasters are a leading cause of hunger, water contamination, land erosions and
affect all dimensions of food security including access to food, availability and stability of
supplies, and nutrition.
Disaster risk reduction planning is very much important because studies show that one
dollar invested today in disaster risk reduction saves four dollars or more in relief and
rehabilitation costs in the future.
Pakistan is a country severely hit by the flood in the past years. Flood is related to moon
soon seasons. The floods in Pakistan began in late July 2010, resulting from
heavy monsoon rain in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh,Punjab and Balochistan regions
of Pakistan. According to Pakistan Meteorological Department heavy rainfalls of more
than 200 millimetres (7.9 in) were recorded during moon soon in 2010 in the provinces
of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab.
The study area lies in the moon soon affected area and likely to affected by flood during
this season. Flood results in the destruction of properties, livelihood and infrastructures.
For Disaster risk reduction in the area different schemes have been proposed to
overcome the worst condition.
The area is divided on the basis of Union council, village councils, and villages. Different
schemes have been proposed for different villages according to risk assessment. Most
of the structures are proposed for seasonal flood which is the dominant threat in the
area. The DRR schemes are proposed in the Union councils i-e Mianki, shnawa Gudi
Khel, Siraj Khel, Warana Ahmadabad, Chokara, Jahangiri and Takht-e- Nasrati. These
Union conncils are further divided into village councils and village. The detail of
schemes and proposed site are given in (Table-DRR).

5.7 Proposed supporting Activities, required skills and activities:

In order to best apply the management schemes and systems and get the high value
from their application, supporting activities are suggested. Certain skills are a key to the
process of change and sustainability of the change acquired.
The activities suggested as a result of the current project will help gain the skills to keep
the system intact and running. Top of the list in the supporting activities is the process of
involving the community and creating awareness about the management process.
Periodic hands on trainings would enhance the chances of gaining the desired results.
Inclusion of masses in the process of understanding is of utmost importance. Assigning
the management of prioritized resources to community members will give them the
sense of ownership leading to a higher level of mutual benefit.
The scarcity of water resources in this semi-arid region of district karak calls for better
skills to manage water and hence improve the quality of life and environment. This is
true for all the union councils and villages in the project area. The said activities are
better elaborated in the table?
5.8 Village Council Level WUMP
The grass root level changes can only be beneficial if the percolation of management
modifications are allowed to reach the lowest levels. In recent study the lowest level of
management is village council. It will help us support the mega structure of water
management if we apply the systematic schemes at the village level and give them the
sense of ownership as they are the ones affected directly by any change. All the
beneficiaries should be provided with proper resources as per need of the party
involved. The stakes of every village are considered while doing this.
Allocation of budgets is a key issue in wump on village levels. While updating current
facilities rigorous investigations should be done to assess the changes overtime.

Allocation of available resources must be in accordance with the needs and demands of
the local communities or beneficiaries. (add village council level plan here)
Chapter Four: Planning and development strategy
4.1

Integrated Planning and development strategy

There are three principal components of recognized beneficial water use in District
Karak. These include municipal and industrial demand, agricultural demand and in
stream flow demand. Water resources information for these demand sectors was
evaluated based on existing information. Water demands were summarized for current
conditions but major demands need to be projected for the future. This information
provides a snapshot of how water is currently distributed in the area, and anticipates
what this picture might look like in the coming years.
Municipal demand increases significantly due to population growth. Multiple
assumptions create uncertainties in these demands, and changes in political conditions
or environmental regulation could accelerate or delay these needs. The role of future
municipal conservation will affect these demands, as will any modifications to the
system that are under consideration at this time.

The Strategy is a series of policy objectives related to water quality and water quantity
management in the area. The major elements of the WUMP Strategy are summarized
briefly below:
Health of the tributaries is critical to maintaining water quality and flow goals, and is a
fundamental part of watershed health. Establish minimum flow targets for the tributaries.
Actively manage consumptive uses of tributary flows. Improve the ecological condition
of tributaries through wetland restoration and land management practices. Develop
small, multi-purpose storage projects to augment low flows in tributaries. Evaluate
opportunities for replacement of tributary supplies for irrigation with other sources of
water.

Conservation is an additional source of water to meet future needs. Implement

municipal conservation programs as part of the Regional Water Supply Plan process. All
of this constitutes efficient water use.
Flood Management. Increase the natural flood storage capacity. Promote responsible
land use practices and legal restrictions on floodplain development. Develop small,
multi-purpose storage projects to provide flood control benefits.
Pursue all viable alternatives to ensure a reliable, safe and cost effective water supply
to meet future needs.
Highly treated wastewater effluent is an important water resource. Pursue the use of
recycled effluent for other consumptive uses, i.e. irrigation when these uses are
economically feasible, publicly acceptable and demonstrate clear environmental benefit.
4.2 IWRM Approach:
Integrated water resources management (IWRM) has been defined by the Global Water
Partnership (GWP) as "a process which promotes the coordinated development and
management of water, land and related resources, in order to maximize the resultant
economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the
sustainability of vital ecosystems".
IWRM rests upon three principles that together act as the overall framework i.e. Social
equity, economic efficiency and ecological sustainability.
Operationally, IWRM approaches involve applying knowledge from various disciplines
as well as the insights from diverse stakeholders to devise and implement efficient,
equitable and sustainable solutions to water and development problems. As such,
IWRM is a comprehensive, participatory planning and implementation tool for managing
and developing water resources in a way that balances social and economic needs, and
that ensures the protection of ecosystems for future generations. Waters many different
usesfor agriculture, for healthy ecosystems, for people and livelihoodsdemands
coordinated action. An IWRM approach is consequently cross-sectoral, aiming to be an

open, flexible process, and bringing all stakeholders to the table to set policy and make
sound, balanced decisions in response to specific water challenges faced.

4.3 Water Resources Use Conflicts

Water conflict is a term describing a conflict between countries, states, or groups over
an access to water resources. The water disputes result from opposing interests of
water users.
The lack of cost-effective water supply options in arid and semi-arid areas among other
elements of water crises can put severe pressures on all water users, whether
corporate, government, or individual, leading to tension, and possibly aggression.
Water conflicts occur because the demand for water resources and potable water can
exceed supply, or because control over access and allocation of water may be disputed.
Elements of a water crisis may put pressures on affected parties to obtain more of a
shared water resource, causing diplomatic tension or outright conflict.
The first step in formulating the problem more precisely is to identify all the stakeholders
involved and their relation to the problem. To form what is called the rich picture, all the
elements must be included whether they relate to physical, technical, economic, legal,
political or administrative considerations along with subjective considerations based on
understanding, norms, values and beliefs of the stakeholders involved.
Using the knowledge gained, we recommend sensitizing community members on water
management and subsequently developing control mechanisms such as rationing time
tables, through a collaborative process. For the upstream users construction of water
intake weirs and installation of control valves is recommended as control mechanisms.
As a result of these interventions, stakeholder participation and community
consultations in water management will greatly improve. Also, stakeholders will overtime
develop a sense of ownership and shared vision. Overall, this will lead to positive
changes in attitudes and practices of key players.

4.4

Prioritization Process At Village, Village Council And Tehsil Level:

The prioritization process at village, village council and tehsil level constitutes the
following steps.
Mobilize support from line agencies, non-governmental organizations, community-based
organizations and private service providers in such a way that it results in integrated
support packages and delivery structures to meet many communities multiple needs for
the development and management of water resources. For this strengthen existing
development plans, compile integrated support, define targeting procedures, establish
horizontal, integrated service delivery structures and ensure vertical national support.
Select communities for project implementation according to transparent criteria and to
clearly communicate the project concept to them.
Understand the community and build capacity by building trusting relationships and
communicate the project concept, doing contextual profiling, training the community and
selecting community mobilizers. This is to create mutual understanding and trust so that
everybody in the community understands and buys into the project concept, while local
structures and support agencies fully understand local dynamics and liaise with
community mobilizers for the next project steps.
Create a vision and select activities to fulfill it by carrying out participatory situational
diagnosis and problem analysis, creating a vision of new ways to manage water and
ranking opportunities and needs.
Compile detailed action plans to create and train community structures and also specify
actions, roles and budgets. This will help operationalize agreed activities into timebound action plans, and to tender and formalize collaborations with selected support
agencies

Chapter six- WUMP Implementation, mobilization, and Updating

WUMP is pre-assessment level basic document for overall water use and sanitation
planning and identifying communities' priority needs classified by various use categories
such as drinking water supply, irrigation and other multiple use of water
The main content of WUMP is the record of available water resources and their current
use i-e existing situation of water use, level of facilities, functional status of facility
systems. A sustainable and balanced water resources development plan with due
consideration on environment, sanitation and water rights and Initial design and costing
of potential investments or other activities such as capacity building.
The implementation strategy is a complex institutional structure comprising of
Government Ministries and agencies at Central and Local Government level, as well as
inter sectoral coordination structures that bring together stakeholders from public,
private and civil society.