Question

1 (a)
(b)
(c) (i)
(ii)

Mark Scheme

Marks

Ratchet
To prevent too much pressure being exerted on the object.
Positive Zero Error
2.80 0.02 // 2.78 mm

1
1
1
1

2(a)

Work = Force X displacement /distance in specific direction

(b)(i)

W=FXS
= 220 X 0.5
= 110 J

1
1

(ii)

W = mgh
= 20X10X0.5
= 100 J

1
1

c(i)
(ii)

Work done in (b)(i) > (b)(ii)

More work is used to overcome the friction //

1
1

Lebih banyak keja dilakukan untuk mengatasi daya geseran

3(a)

Force
Area

Same

(ii)

Diagram 5.1 more sinking // Diagram 5.1>

(iii)

Area contact Diagram 5.1 is larger //more // >

(iv)

Depth of sinking increase, pressure increases // directly proportional to

pressure // use symbol

(v)

Pressure

(c)(i)

Increases

(c)(ii)

Force /weight increase, pressure increases // Force /weight directly

proportional to pressure // use symbol

(b)(i)

4(a)

(b)

Latent heat of fusion

Haba pendam pelakuran

Heat energy absorb used to break the bond between the molecules

Haba yang diserap digunakan untuk memutuskan ikatan antara molekul

(c)

Q = mcQ
= 1.0 X 4 200 X 100
= 420 000 J

1
1

1
1
(d)

5(a)(i)

State the correct meaning of heat;

A form of energy //
A form of energy that flows from hot to cold object//
A form of energy due to change in temperature

(a)(ii)

Explain the reasons by making relationship between large mass and the
amount of heat transferred correctly;
M1: The large mass of hot water has a large heat capacity //
It will transferred large amount of heat from the hot water to the
noodles.
M2: This shorten/reduce the time needed to cook the noodles.

(b)(i)

Shows the calculation and substitution of m and correctly

Q cool water absorbed = Q hot water released
m1 c1 ( - 1) = m2 c2 ( 2 - )
2 ( - 30) = 9 (95 - )

Shows the correct answer and unit

= 83.18 C
c = Pt
m
(c)(i)

c cer = (180) ( 10x60)

( 2) (60)
= 900 J kg C-1

1
For the
Cglass, mark
is given for
either correct
calculation
or correct
answer

1
1

c glass = (70 ) ( 15x60)

( 2) (60)
= 525 J kg C-1

(c)(ii)

(d)(i)

States the correct choice

Ceramic

States the correct reason

High specific heat capacity will maintain heat for a longer period.

M1:
M2:
M3:

Land has a smaller specific heat capacity than sea //

Land faster increase in temperature // Land is warmer than the sea
Air above the land is heated up and rises
Cooler air from the sea moves towards the land

Or diagram

M1
M2
M3

Label Sea(cold), Land (Hot)

Show Hot air on land rises up
Show Cold air moves towards the sea

1
1
1
1

(d)(ii)

Sea breeze

State the meaning offocul point correctly

6(a)

A point where parallel ray converge/focused/diverge//

midpoint between P and C
OR DIAGRAM CURVE MIRROR/LENS

(b)

(c)(i)

(c)(ii)

Draw the ray diagram correctly

1st a ray from object parallel to its principal axis,
2nd a straight line/ray from object passes C to mirror
3rd extrapolation of both rays to form the image and show the image

Complete the ray path correctly

1st ray reflected- arah tak perlu tanda
- Mana-mana arah di depan cermin
dalam julat A ke B
2nd ada normal line
Reflected ray between A and B
i=r

State the light phenomenon correctly

Reflection

1
1
1

pantulan

(d)(i)

Suggest the position of the bulb correctly

Focul point/focul length/F/f

(d)(ii)

Suggest the curvature correctly

Increase the curvature/decrerase radius/decrease focul length/more
curve/bigger/wider/parabolic/more/more circular (b.o.d)

Suggest one method correctly

Higher power bulb /increase power/increase power supply/increase
battery/more battery/more current/more voltage/increase number of coil of
filament / smooth surface reflector/shinny surface reflector/mirror as
reflector/clean the glass cover /take out the glass cover/krypton bulb/ LED
bulb

(e)

7.(a)

The angle of the incidence when the angle of refraction is 90.

Sudut tuju apabila sudut biasan ialah 90.

(b)

The angle of incidence is zero which is parallel to normal causing the angle of
reflection to be zero.

Sudut tuju ialah sifar yang mana selari dengan normal, menyebabkan sudut pantulan
ialah sifar.

(c)(i)

Prism / Prisma P
Increase the angle of incidence (more than 45)
Tambah sudut tuju (lebih daripada 45)

Prism / Prisma Q
Reduce the angle of incidence (less than 45)

Kurangkan sudut tuju (kurang daripada 45)

(c)(ii)

Glass is denser than air.

Kaca lebih tumpat daripada udara.

(c)(iii)

Diagram 5.1 - Refracted away from the normal

Rajah 5.1 - Dibias jauh daripada normal

Diagram 5.2 - Totally reflected

Rajah 5.2 - Dipantulkan sepenuhnya

(d)

Total internal reflection

Pantulan dalam penuh

8(a)(i)

Compare the distance between two consecutive loud sour X correctly.

The distance between two consecutive loud sound in diagram 6.1 is further/
longer/bigqer // (vise versa)
(boleh guna simbol)

(ii)

Compare the distance between the two loudspeaker, a correctly.

The distance, a in diagram 6.1 is shorter/nearer/closer/ smaller // (vise versa)
(boleh guna simbol)

(iii)

State the relationship

As, a increase, x decrease (vise-versa)// a, is inversely proportional to x
// a 1/x

(iv)

State the physical quatity correctly

Distance between the loudspeakers and line interference pattern / D /
wave length / / f

(v)

Name the physical phenomenon correctly

Interference

(b)(i)

State the meaning of frequency correctly

Number of complete oscillation / vibration / cycle / wave per second /
minute / per unit time

State the change in the diatance correctly

Decreases // shorter // reduce

(b)(ii)

(b)(iii)

9(a) (i)

(ii)

State the reason correctly

As the frequency increase the wavelength decreases // wavelength
inversely proportional to frequency //(symbol) 1/f // x // f 1/

Step-down transformer
Transformer injak turun

Magnetise and demagnetise to reduce the loss of energy.

Memagnet dan menyahmagnet untuk mengurangkan kehilangan tenaga.

(b)

Ns = Vs
Np Ns
Ns =
6
1000 240

1
1

Ns = 25 turns

(c) (i)

(c)(ii)

(d)(i)

Output power = input power X 0.75

= 0.1 X 240 X 0.75
= 18 W

1
1

Use thicker wire for the coil / Use laminated iron core.
Guna wayar yang lebih untuk teras itu / Guna teras besi lembut berlamina.

Because alternating current (a.c) is supplied to the television.

Kerana arus ulang alik dibekalkan kepada televisyen itu.

(ii)

Diode. Connect four diodes to form a bridge rectifier.

Diod. Sambungkan empat diod untuk membentuk jambatan rektifier.

10(a)

State the meaning of cathode ray correctly

high speed electron // electron that move / travel // electron beam/stream/ray //
fast moving electron // electron high kinetic energy ' _

(b)

Explain the formation correctly

M1 : electron hit the screen
M2 : the kinetic energy change to light_

(c)

Shows a correct substitution

2 x 2 // 2 + 2
Answer with correctly unit
4V

(d)

Sketch the output signal correctly

M1 : a vertical line
M2: lenght of the line is 6 division // Vpp = 6 divisions

11(a)

Bahan yang mempunyai kekonduksian elektrik di antara konduktor dan

penebat.

b (i)

Rajah 6.1, mentol menyala // Rajah 6.2 mentol tidak menyala

1
1

b (ii)

Arus dalam Rajah 6.1> 6.2

b(iii)

Rajah 6.1 sambungan diod pincang depan//

Rajah 6.2 sambungan diod pincang songsang

b(iv)

Apabila diod dalam sambungan pincang depan, mentol akan menyala.

b (v)

Diod

c(i)

~
(c)(ii)

12(a)(i)

Semasa separuh kitaran pertama, diod pincang songsang, arus tidak mengalir.
Semasa separuh kitaran kedua diod pancang ke depan, arus mengalir.
Fleming's left hand rule
Petua tangan kiri Fleming

(ii)

(b)(i)

(ii)

To produce a constant force on the copper wire.

Untuk menghasilkan daya yang seragam ke atas dawai kuprum.

Component: Mirror behind the needle pointer.

Komponen: Cermin di belakang jarum penunjuk.

(iii)

Explanation: To avoid parallax error by letting the users to take the reading
when the image of pointer coincides with the actual pointer.
Penerangan: Untuk mengelakkan ralai paralaks dengan membenarkan pengguna
mengambil bacaan apabila imej penunjuk bertindih dengan penunjuk sebenar.

13.(a)

NOT Gate

(b)

(c)

(d)

Output X
0
1
0
0
To switch oil the security lamp that requires current that is higher than the
output current from the AND gate.
Untuk menghidupkan lampu keselamatan yang memerlukan arus yang lebih tinggi
daripada arus output yang dihasilkan oleh get DAN.

14(a)

State one characteristic of beta particle correctly

Negatively charge // bending towards positive plate / bending in
electric/ magnetic field // electron //
charge //small low/
light mass// medium penetrating / ionizing power //medium speed //medium
range in air //can be stopped by Al // negative one proton number
Draw the horizontal or vertical lines on the graph correctly.

State the value of half-life correctly

12 1 (11-13 hours)
State the reason correctly

// 3 X(12 hours) // 3 (T ) //
State the time correctly//Answer correctly without units.
3 X (12 hours) = 36 hours // any answer from 33 - 39 hours // (1980 -2340)
minutes

15(a)

Radioisotope is an unstable nucleus that emits radiation (decay) to become

more stable.
Radioisotop ialah nucleus yang tidak stabil yang memancarkan sinaran (mereput)
untuk menjadi nukleus yang lebih stabil.

(b)(i)

Has long half-life

Mempunyai setengah hayat yang panjang

Reason //Alasan: To save cost

Untuk menjimatkan kos

(ii)

Beta particle
Zarah beta

Reason: Has penetrating power that is enough to penetrate the cardboard sheet
Therefore, overexpose will not occur.
Alasan: Mempunyai kuasa penembusan yang mampu menembusi kepingan kadbod.
Oleh itu, pendedahan terlampau tidak akan berlaku.

(iii)

Solid
Pepejal

Reason: Can be handled easily // easy to carry

Alasan: Senang dikendalikan // senang dibawa
(c)

Strontium-90

(d)(i)

Decreases / Berkurang

(d)(ii)

When the sheet is too thick, the detector will receive lower counts. As a result,
the computer will make proper adjustment to make the roller to increase
compression on the sheet.
Apabila kepingan terlampau tebal, pengesan akan menerima bacaan yang lebih
rendah. Kesannya, komputer akan membuat penyelarasan yang sesuai untuk
membuatkan penggelek meningkatkan mampatan terhadap kepingan itu.

(e)
Time taken / Masa yang diambil
=4XT
= 4 X 5.27 years / tahun = 21.08 years / tahun
16(a)
(b)

An electromagnet is a conductor which can produce magnetic field

- The number of turns of the coils in Diagram 10.2 is more than in Diagram
10.1
- Bilangan lilitan gegelung dalam Rajah 10.2 lebih banyak berbanding rajah 10.1

- More pin are attracted to the soft iron core in Diagram 10.2 than in Diagram
10.1
- Lebih banyak pin yang tertarik pada besi teras lembut didalam rajah 10.2
berbanding Rajah 10.1

- Current in Diagram 10.1 is same/equal to Diagram 10.2

- Arus didalam Rajah 10.1 adalah sama dengan Rajah 10.2

- When the number of turn is increase, the higher the number of pin attracted
- Apabila bilangan lilitan
bertambah/meningkat

bertambah,

bilangan

pin

yang

tertarik

juga

- When the number of turn in the solenoid is increase, the stronger the
magnetic field
Apabila bilangan lilitan pada solenoid bertambah, semakin kuat medan magnet.

(c)

The two aluminium rods attract

Dua rod aluminium tertarik

Current flowing through the alluminium rod are in the same

direction//shows in the diagram the direction is same.

Arus yang mengalir dalam rod aluminium adalah sama arah//tunjukkan arah
dalam rajah

The magnetic fields produced by the current in them will combine to

form a resultant/catapult field//show in the diagram the magnetic field
in opposite direction between the currents

Medan magnet dihasilkan oleh arus yang bergabung seterusnya membentuk

medan katapult// Tunjukkan pada Rajah medan magnet dalam arah berbeza
dengan arus

A weak magnetic field is produced in a region between the aluminium

rod because the magnetic field lines are in opposite direction// diagram
shows forces are inwards.
Medan magnet yang lemah dihasilkan dikawasan diantara rod aluminium
sebab garis medan magnet berada dalam arah bertentangan//Rajah
menunjukkan daya

Modification
1.The type of coiled wire
Use cooper wire
Guna wayar kuprum

2.The thickness of the coiled

Reason
1.Very good conductor
//resistance is low
Konduktor yang baik//rintangan
rendah

2.To reduce the resistance

Untuk mengurangkan rintangan

wire
Use thicker wire
Guna wayar tebal

3. the type of the core

Use soft iron core

3.easy to magnetised and

demagnetized

Guna teras besi lembut

Mudah mengalami magnet dan

nyahmagnet

4. characteristic of the core

Use laminated core

4. To avoid the eddy current in

the core

Guna teras berlamina

Untuk mengelakkan arus pusar di

dalam teras besi

5.the arrangement of the

primary and the secondary coils
Winding the secondary coil on
top of the primary

5. to reduce the leakage of

magnetic flux
Untuk mengurangkan kebocoran
fluks magnet

Gelungkan lilitan sekunder diatas

lilitan primer

17(a)

(b)

(c)

When force is applied to an enclosed fluid, the pressure produced is

transmitted equally throughout the enclosed fluid
-When a small force is applied to piston A, pressure
is produced.
-The pressure is transmitted equally throughout the whole
liquid
-When the pressure exerted on surface area of the large
Piston B, a bigger force is produced to lift up the load
-The force is bigger due to the bigger surface area //F A
Characteristics
1. The ratio of surface area
of the large piston to the
small piston
Large // big
2. Type of liquid used
oil
3. Material used for the
transmission pipe
steel
4.Size of liquid reservoir
Big // large // larger

Chosen: Hydraulic jack R

Reason
To produce a bigger output force

Does not evaporate easily // does

not produce bubbles //
High viscosity
Strong //Not easy to break // long
lasting
To occupy a large amount of
hydraulic liquid // Able to lift load
higher //
Avoid spill over
because it has the ratio of surface
area of the large piston to the small
piston is big, the ratio of surface
area of the large piston to the small
piston is oil, the ratio of surface
area of the large piston to the small
piston is steel and the ratio of
surface area of the large piston to
the small piston is large.

(d)(i)
P = F
A

10
0.004

= 2500 Pa

(ii)

(iii)

FY = 2500 x 0.2
= 500 N
dy = 0.004 x 0.3
0.2
= 0.006 m

18(a)

1
Electrical energy

1. When an a.c. voltage is supplied to the primary coil, the soft - iron core is magnetized
2. The magnet produced varies in magnitude and direction
3. This causes a changing magnetic flux to pass through the secondary coil
4. Induced e.m.f across the secondary coil is produced.

1
1
1
1

Characteristic
Soft iron core
Laminated
Thick wire

light energy

Reason
Easy to magnetized and
demagnetised
Less eddy current/ reduce energy
lost
Reduce the resistance/more current

2
2
2

Copper wire

Low resistance/ reduce the lost of

heat
2

Chosen: Q

Because it has Soft iron core,

Laminated , thick wire, Copper
wire

12 V
Np = Vp
Ns
Vs
Np = 240 x 200
12
= 4000
Efficiency = Po x 100
Pi
= 240 x 0.2 x 100
48

1
1

= 100 %
19

npn

(a)(ii)

M1:
M2:
M3:
M4:

1
1

In bright day, the light-dependent resistor(LDR) has a very low

resistance.
Therefore the potential diference across LDR is low
The potential difference across resistor R is high.
The base current flow and cause a large collector current flows. The
bulb lights up

1
1
1
1
1

(c)(i)

V X-Z = 6 V

(c)(ii)

V X-Y = 6 -1 = 5 V

(c)(iii)

RM
VM
RM RN

6V

RM
6V
5
RM 1000

5RM+ 5000 = 6RM

RM= 5000

(d)

Characteristics
1. The position of the LDR
LDR is connected at base circuit

1,2

Reason
When intensity of light is
low / dark, resistance of
LDR increases / so Vbase is
large / transistor switched
on

So that the transistor is

forward biased

2. The connection of the batteries

3,4

5,6

Terminal positive of batteries is

connected to collector
3. The arrangement of the street
lights circuit

2
Bulbs are arranged in parallel
circuit

All bulbs are connected to

voltage supply of 95V

4. The use of a relay switch in the

circuit
7,8

Relay switch is used

9,10

Choosen: R

So that the secondary

circuit will switch on // So
that the electromagnet will
switch on the secondary
circuit
because it LDR is
connected at base circuit,

terminal positive of
batteries is connected to
collector; bulbs are
arranged in parallel circuit
and relay switch is used.

SELAMAT MAJU JAYA SPM 2014