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Quiz #4/5
#4: Glycolysis (Fri, Feb 13th)
#5: TCA cycle (Thurs, Feb 26th)
Quiz will have the entire pathway:
All cofactors will be present
Most intermediate and enzymes removed
You fill in the missing names
Enzyme Regulation
Learning Objectives:
Understand how different conditions affect
enzyme activity.
Know the types of genetic control.
Describe how covalent modifications of enzymes
affect activity
Conditions Affecting
Enzyme Activity
pH
temperature
pH:
Enzymes have an optimum pH, based on:
required ionization state of amino acids
Substrate binding
catalysis
Ionization of substrate
Substrate binding
Temperature
a
Protein
unfolding
Relative
Activity
Temperature
Regulation of
Enzyme Catalytic Activity
Non-Covalent Modification
Allosteric regulators
Activation
H2O
+
"Inactive"
"Active"
Zymogen
Inactive precursor protein
Pancreas
Small
Intestine
Protein Modification
(Phosphorylation/Dephosphorylation)
Page 390
Non-covalent Modification
(Allosteric regulators)
Effectors or Ligands
Positive: activators
Negative: inhibitors
Active
Site
I
I
Regulatory
Site
"inactive"
or
less active
"active"
+
+
"inactive"
or
poorly active
"active"
or
more active
Glycogen Phosphorylase
Figure 12-16
A) I, II
B) II
C) III
D) III, IV
E) I, II, III, IV
The phosphate group blocks the active site and prevents the
substrate from binding.
B.
C.
D.