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OBJECTIVE
To determine the softening point of bitumen within the range 30 to 157 C by means of
the Ring-and-Ball apparatus.
2.0
PROCEDURE
1. Select one of the following both liquids and thermometers appropriate for the
expected softening point.
2. Use the ice water to maintain the temperature of bath liquid at 5 . Starting bath
liquid for 15 min.
3. Forceps was using to place a ball from the bottom of the bath in each bal centering
point.
4. Bath liquids were boiled between 30 and 80 C . Use the thermometer to check the
temperature of water. The starting temperature is 5
5. The maximum permissible variation for any 1 min period after the first 3 min should
be 0.5 .
6. Temperature of each ring and ball was recorded by thermometer to indicate the
bitumen surrounding the ball touches the bottom plate.
3.0
Temperature (C)
5
7
11
15
18
22
24
26
28
29
30
30.5
31
31.5
32
33
33.2
4.0
DISCUSSION
a) The source and type of bitumen.
b) Report the bath liquid in the test and quote the mean softening point of your
specimen. Give comment.
For a given bitumen specimen, the softening point determined in a water bath will be
lower than that determined in a glycerin bath. Since the softening point determination is
necessarily arbitrary, this difference matters only for softening points slightly above 80C.
under any circumstances, if the mean of the two temperature determined in glycerin is 80.0C
or lower for bitumen or 77.5C or lower for coal-tar pitch. The softening point is the
temperature at which a substance attains a particular degree of softness under specified
conditions of test. The average softening point test is 33.1C. According to the reference that
we used in this experiment, the type of bitumen used should achieve softening point 45C 52C. However, in our experiment, the softening point achieve only 33C to melt which is to
fast to melt. Other reason why the softening point not achieve as reference is specimen at
brass ring not achieve at least 30 minutes before test during immersion process using ice and
distilled water as in procedure even the temperature not more than 10C. With all this
carelessness, that may affect the result in overall experiment.
c) If the two test temperature differ by more than 1C, offer an explanation.
The difference between the two test is not more than 1C. The temperature is accepted.
5.0
CONCLUSION
Refer to the range of the result of experiment, we can conclude that our penetration
grades is 200-300 which is softening point at 33 as min value. Besides, the parallex
error occur in case of reading of the temperature and it may effected the result of this
experiment. The value of penetration index is -6 and the bitumen type is temperature
susceptible bitumen (tars).