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A. eradicated - unanimity
B. encouraged - aspirations
C. stifled - diversity
D. thwarted - uniformity
E. inculcated - divide
Vocabulary, Sentence completion, reading comprehension, Grammar and essay
him how to think logically
and inductively by studying scientific
method. A certain limited
success has been reached in the first of
these aims, but practically
none at all in the second. Those privileged
members of the
community who have been through a
secondary or public school
20 education may be expected to know
something about the
elementary physics and chemistry of a
The extract is taken from a book written hundred years ago, but they
sixty years ago by a British scientist in probably know hardly more than any
which he considers the relationship between bright boy can pick up from
science and society. an interest in wireless or scientific
hobbies out of school hours.
The pioneers of the teaching of science As to the learning of scientific method,
imagined that its the whole thing is palpably
introduction into education would remove 25 a farce. Actually, for the convenience of
the conventionality, teachers and the
artificiality, and backward-lookingness requirements of the examination system,
which were characteristic; it is necessary that the
of classical studies, but they were gravely pupils not only do not learn scientific
disappointed. So, too, in method but learn precisely
5 their time had the humanists thought that the reverse, that is, to believe exactly
the study of the classical what they are told and to
authors in the original would banish at reproduce it when asked, whether it seems
once the dull pedantry and nonsense to them or
superstition of mediaeval scholasticism. 30 not. The way in which educated people
The professional respond to such quackeries
schoolmaster was a match for both of as spiritualism or astrology, not to say
them, and has almost more dangerous ones such
managed to make the understanding of as racial theories or currency myths,
chemical reactions as dull shows that fifty years of
10 and as dogmatic an affair as the reading education in the method of science in
of Virgil's Aeneid. Britain or Germany has
produced no visible effect whatever. The
The chief claim for the use of science in only way of learning the
education is that it 35 method of science is the long and bitter
teaches a child something about the actual way of personal
universe in which he is experience, and, until the educational or
living, in making him acquainted with the social systems are altered
results of scientific to make this possible, the best we can
15 discovery, and at the same time teaches expect is the production of a
Vocabulary, Sentence completion, reading comprehension, Grammar and essay
minority of people who are able to 4. The author blames all of the following for
acquire some of the techniques the failure to impart scientific method
of science and a still smaller minority through the education system except
who are able to use and
40 develop them.
A. poor teaching
1. The author implies that the 'professional B. examination methods
schoolmaster' (line 7) has
C. lack of direct experience
D. the social and education systems
A. no interest in teaching science
E. lack of interest on the part of students
B. thwarted attempts to enliven
education
5. If the author were to study current
C. aided true learning education in science to see how things have
changed since he wrote the piece, he would
D. supported the humanists
probably be most interested in the answer to
E. been a pioneer in both science and which of the following questions?
humanities.
A. Do students know more about the
2. The author’s attitude to secondary and
world about them?
public school education in the sciences is
B. Do students spend more time in
laboratories?
A. ambivalent
C. Can students apply their knowledge
B. neutral
logically?
C. supportive
D. Have textbooks improved?
D. satirical
E. Do they respect their teachers?
E. contemptuous
6. Astrology (line 31) is mentioned as an
3. The word ‘palpably’ (line 24) most nearly example of
means
A. a science that needs to be better
A. empirically understood
B. obviously B. a belief which no educated people
hold
C. tentatively
C. something unsupportable to those
D. markedly
who have absorbed the methods of science
E. ridiculously
D. the gravest danger to society
E. an acknowledged failure of science
Vocabulary, Sentence completion, reading comprehension, Grammar and essay
7. All of the following can be inferred from 3. If you are sure that A you are in the right, B
the text except you would not C mind an independent
examination of D the case. No error E.
A. at the time of writing, not all children
received a secondary school education A.
B. the author finds chemical reactions B.
interesting
C.
C. science teaching has imparted some
D.
knowledge of facts to some children
E.
D. the author believes that many
teachers are authoritarian
4. The union insisted A on an increase in
E. it is relatively easy to learn scientific their B members’ C starting pay, and
method. threatened to call a strike if the company
refused to D meet the demand. No error E.
1. Illiteracy is an enormous problem, A it
affects B millions of people worldwide, C and
A.
is an impediment to D social progress. No
error E. B.
C.
A.
D.
B.
E.
C.
5. Television viewers claim that A the
D.
number of scenes depicting B alcohol
E. consumption have C increased dramatically
over D the last decade. No error E.
2. The company president has taken A steps
to ensure that she B can handle the pressure
A.
and anxiety associated with C the job,
including D joining a yoga class and enlisting B.
the support of a network of friends. No error
C.
E.
D.
A. E.
B.
6. Employees with less A personal problems
C. are B likely C to be more D productive. No
error E.
D.
E.
Vocabulary, Sentence completion, reading comprehension, Grammar and essay
A. D.
B. E.
C.
10. The rhododendron, which A ornaments
D. so many B English gardens, is C not native to
D Europe. No error E.
E.