VioComprehensive Toolkit

CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM:
COMPREHENSIVE MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT
COUNTRY NAME
December 30, 1899
ENT
CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM MAPPING AND ASSESSMEN
COUNTRY NAME
NOTE: THIS TOOLKIT HAS A COMPANION USERS' GUIDE
Table of Contents
Section 1: General Country Information
1a. Child Protection Terminology
1b. Basic Information and Country Risk Profile
1c. Global Context
1d. Legal and Policy Context
1e. Data for Decisionmaking
1f. Summary Charts and Tables
Section 2: System Overview
2a. System Structures, Functions, Capacities
2b. Specific Ministries
2b(i). Primary Ministry Mapping
2b(--). Secondary Ministry Mapping
2b(--). Ministry Priorities
2c(i). Children and Justice
2c(ii). Justice Process
2d. Community Structures, Functions and Capacities
2e. Civil Society and Public Accountibility
Section 3: Child Protection: Continuum of Care
Section 4: Resource Mobilization and Fiscal Accountability
Section 5: Summary and Strategies
5a. Toolkit Output: Summary of Priorities
5b. Moving Forward on System Development
5c. Sector Costing
Annexes
A1. Program Costing
A2. Bibliography and Resources
SESSMENT
Child Protection Terminology
CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM: MAPPING AND ASSESSMEN

COUNTRY NAME
1(a). Child Protection Terminology
There are few definitions in child protection that appear to be usable in all countries, and many coun
their own terminology to fit local circumstances, culture and norms. The following presents so
definitions for child protection. In many cases, they draw from global instruments, such as the Conve
the Child. However, country teams are welcome to redraft the working definitions in a manner that i
circumstances and supportive of the overall mapping exercise. This can be done by editing the text b
should be made with some caution, particularly with respect to definitions that are drawn from global
Term
Adoption
Aftercare
Alternative care
Alternatives to detention
Assisted voluntary return
Best interest determination (BID)
Birth registration
Care and protection order
Child
Child abuse
Child exploitation (in the context of child

trafficking)
Child in conflict with the law
Child in need of care and protection
Child labor
Child pornography
Child prostitution
Child protection
Child protection system
Child sensitive
Child sexual abuse
Child soldier/Children associated with

armed forces or groups
Child victims and witnesses
Children without parental care
Child's guardian
Civil society organization
Continuum of care
Corporal punishment
Debt bondage
Deprivation of liberty
Disabilities
Discrimination on the basis of disability
Diversion
Family based care
Family strengthening services
Forced or compulsory labour
Formal
Formal care
Foster care
Gate-keeping
Guardian ad litem
Guardianship
Informal care
Institutional care
Intercountry adoption
Interim care
Irregular migrant
Juvenile
Kafalah
Kinship care
Migration
Minimum age of criminal responsibility
Neglect
Orphan
Parent
Permanent Placement
Physical abuse
Protective environment
Refugee
Reintegration
Residential care
Respite care
Restorative justice
Revictimization
Rule of law
Sale of children
Secondary victimization
Separated child
Serfdom
Sexual abuse
Sexual exploitation of children/

commercial sexual exploitation of
children (CSEC)
Single orphan
Slave trade
Slavery
Smuggling
Solicitation of children for sexual

purposes
Stateless Person (child)

Status offence
Torture
Trafficking
Unaccompanied and separated children
Worst forms of child labour
ECTION SYSTEM: MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT

COUNTRY NAME
1(a). Child Protection Terminology
ection that appear to be usable in all countries, and many countries choose to adopt
ircumstances, culture and norms. The following presents some starting working
ny cases, they draw from global instruments, such as the Convention on the Rights of
e welcome to redraft the working definitions in a manner that is appropriate to local
verall mapping exercise. This can be done by editing the text box directly. Any edits
rticularly with respect to definitions that are drawn from global conventions.
Working Definition
The legal transfer of parental rights and responsibilities for a child which is permanent.
(Save the Children UK)
Control, supervision and care exercised over children after they leave community based
programs or are released from detention. Aftercare may include probation, counseling,
enrollment in a community program or other forms of treatment. Aftercare services are
designed to support children's return to their families and communities and to lessen the
chance that they will get into trouble again. (UNICEF Toolkit on Diversion and Alternatives
to Detention, 2009 draft)
Provided where the childs own family is unable, even with appropriate support, to provide
adequate care for the child, or abandons or relinquishes the child. It may take the form of
informal care or formal care. With respect to the environment where it is provided,
alternative care may be: kinship care, foster care, other forms of family-based or familylike care placements, residential care, or supervised independent living arrangements.
(Source: Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, 2009).
This refers to measures that may be imposed on children who are being formally
processed through the criminal justice system that do not involve deprivation of liberty.
(UNICEF Toolkit on Diversion and Alternatives to Detention, 2009 draft)
Logistical and financial support to rejected asylum seekers, trafficked migrants, stranded
students, qualified nationals and other migrants unable or unwilling to remain in the host
country who volunteer to return to their countries of origin. (International Migration Law,
Glossary on Migration, IOM, Geneva, 2004)
A formal process with specific procedural safeguards and documentation requirements
that is conducted for certain children of concern to UNHCR, whereby a decision-maker is
required to weigh and balance all the relevant factors of a particular case, giving
appropriate weight to the rights and obligations recognized in the CRC and other human
rights instruments, so that a comprehensive decision can be made that best protects the
rights of children. (UNHCR Guidelines on Formal Determination of the Best Interests of
the Children)
Registering of a child at birth with name, nationality and right to know and be cared for by
parents. (CRC Article 7)
A legal intervention requiring protection of a child.
Every human being below the age of eighteen years unless under the law applicable to the
child, majority is attained earlier. (Article 1 of the CRC)
A deliberate act of ill treatment that can harm or is likely to cause harm to a child's safety,
well-being, dignity and development. Abuse includes all forms of physical, sexual,
psychological or emotional ill treatment (Save the Children UK)
Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or
other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to
slavery, servitude or the removal of organs. (Article 3 of the Palermo Protocol, adopted in
2000, entered into force in 2003.)

A 'child in conflict with the law' means any child who comes in contact with law
enforcement authorities because he or she is suspected -- or has been found guilty -- of
breaking the law. (Toolkit on Diversion and Alternatives to Detention, 2009 draft)
A child who (a) has been, is, or is at risk of being abused, neglected, abandoned or
exploited; and (b) lacks anyone with parental authority who is willing and able to provide
protection from the abuse, neglect, abandonment or exploitation.
Any work performed by a child which is detrimental to his or her health, education,
physical, mental, spiritual, moral, physical or social development. The concept of child
labour is based on the ILO Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) which represents the
most authoritative international definition of minimum age of admission to employment or
work. Whether or not a particular form of "work" can be called "child labour" depends on
the child's age, type and hours of work performed, conditions, etc.
Any representation, by whatever means, of a child engaged in real or simulated explicit
sexual activities or any representation of the sexual parts of a child for primarily sexual
purposes. (Article 2 of the OPSC)
The use of a child in sexual activities for remuneration or any other form of consideration.
(Article 2 of the OPSC, adopted in 2000, entered into force in 2002)
The prevention and response to violence, exploitation, and abuse against children
(UNICEF Child Protection Information Sheet: "What is Child Protection?")
A set of laws, policies, regulations and services, capacities, monitoring, and oversight
needed across all social sectorsespecially social welfare, education, health, security, and
justiceto prevent and respond to protection-related risks. (UNICEF Child Protection
Strategy)
An approach that balances the childs right to protection and that takes into account a
child's individual needs and views (UN Guidelines on Justice in matters involving child
victims and witnesses of crime, 2005)
a) Engaging in sexual activities with a child who, according to the relevant provisions of
national law, has not reached the legal age for being sexually active; b) Engaging in sexual
activities with a child where: use is made of coercion, force or threats; or abuse is made of
a recognized position of trust, authority or influence over the child, including within the
family; or abuse is made of a particularly vulnerable situation of the child, notably because
of a mental or physical disability or a situation of dependence. It should be noted that the
provisions of paragraph a) are not intended to govern consensual sexual activities between
children under the age of 18 years. (Article 18 of the Council of Europe Convention on the
Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse).
Child sexual abuse and child sexual exploitation also include:
child prostitution and, child pornography, the participation of a child in pornographic
performances (including recruiting, coercing and causing a child into participating in
pornographic performances or profiting from or otherwise exploiting a child for such
purposes and knowingly attending performances involving the participation of children),
intentional causing, for sexual purposes, of a child who has not reached the legal age for
sexual activities, to witness sexual abuse or sexual activities, even without having to
participate, and the solicitation of children for sexual purposes. (Source: Articles 18-23 of
the Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation
and Sexual Abuse)

Any child boy or girl under 18 years of age who is part of any kind of regular or
irregular armed force or armed group in any capacity, including, but not limited to: cooks,
porters, messengers, and anyone accompanying such groups other than family members.
It includes girls and boys recruited for forced sexual purposes and/or forced marriage. The
definition, therefore, does not only refer to a child who is carrying, or has carried,
weapons. (UNICEF definition based on the Cape Town Principles, 1997). More recently,
however, practitioners use the term 'children associated with armed forces or groups' to
dispel a commonly held view that combatant boys are the only children that are
concerned.
Children and adolescents under the age of 18 who are victims of crime or witnesses to
crime, regardless of their role in the offence or in the prosecution of the alleged offender
or groups of offenders. (UN Guidelines on Justice in matters involving child victims and
witnesses of crime, 2005)
All children not living in the overnight care of at least one of their parents, for whatever
reason and under whatever circumstances. Children without parental care who are
outside their country of habitual residence or victims of emergency situations may be
designated as unaccompanied or separated. (Guidelines for the Alternative Care of
Children)
A person who has been formally recognized under national law as responsible for looking
after a childs interest when the parents of the child do not have parental responsibility
over him or her or have died. (Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of
Crime - Model Law and Related Commentary (UNODC-UNICEF)
Non-governmental organizations, faith-based organizations, community-based
organizations, trusts, foundations, charitable organizations, support groups, and similar
organizations or groups that operate in the child protection arena.
The continuum of care delineates the specific ways in which the system responds to rights
violations (promotion, prevention and response). (Chapin-Hall, "A Systems Approach to
Child Protection")
Any punishment in which physical force is used and intended to cause some degree of pain
or discomfort, however light. (Convention on the Rights of the Child)
The status or condition arising from a pledge by a debtor of his [or her] personal services
or of those of a person under his [or her] control as security for a debt, if the value of those
services as reasonably assessed is not applied towards the liquidation of the debt or the
length and nature of those services are not respectively limited and defined. (Article 1 of
the Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and
Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, adopted in 1956, entered into force in 1957)
Any form of detention or imprisonment or the placement of a person in a public or private
custodial setting, from which this person is not permitted to leave at will, by order of any
judicial, administrative or other public authority. (United Nations Rules for the Protection
of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty, Adopted by General Assembly resolution 45/113
1990)
Persons with disabilities include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or
sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and
effective participation in society on an equal basis with others. (Convention on the Rights
of Persons with Disabilities)
Any distinction, exclusion or restriction on the basis of disability which has the purpose or
effect of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal basis
with others, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic,
social, cultural, civil or any other field. It includes all forms of discrimination, including
denial of reasonable accommodation (Article 2- Convention on the Rights of Persons with
disabilities)

Diversion, involving removal from criminal justice processing and, frequently, redirection
to community support services, is commonly practiced on a formal and informal basis in
many legal systems. This practice serves to hinder the negative effects of subsequent
proceedings in juvenile justice administration (for example the stigma of conviction and
sentence). In many cases, non-intervention would be the best response. Thus, diversion at
the outset and without referral to alternative (social) services may be the optimal
response. This is especially the case where the offence is of a non-serious nature and
where the family, the school or other informal social control institutions have already
reacted, or are likely to react, in an appropriate and constructive manner. (United Nations
Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice ("The Beijing Rules"))
A form of care arranged for a child which involves living with a family other than his/her
parents. The term encompasses fostering, kinship care, and supported child headed
households.
A range of measures to strengthen children and families parenting courses and
sessions, the promotion of positive parent-child relationships, conflict resolution skills,
opportunities for employment, income generation and, whereby required, social
assistance. (Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children)
All work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and
for which the said person had not offered himself voluntarily. (Article 2 of ILO Convention
Concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour No. 29, adopted in1930, entered into force in
1932)
The term "formal" applied to a structure or entity engaged in child protection implies: (i)
that the structure or entity emanates directly from the government of the country, is
situatedwithin the organizationalstructure of that government,and is answerable to it in
the performance of its functions; (ii) that its mandate is based onnational legislation
(necessarily parliament) and itsscope,functions and objectives derive fromstatutes or
regulations made by a legally empowered body (not necessarily parliament); and (iii) that
its mandate is national in intent if not in practice. The term "formal" is also applied to
subsidiary structures or entities, including: (i)regional/provincial directorates of national
structures/entities which are mandated by those structures/entities to carry out child
protection activities at the local level; (ii) NGOs or other community-based structures
which provide services on behalf of a formal entity - for example, an NGO which runs a
day-centre for disabled children can be considered a "formal" structure.
All care provided in a family environment which has been ordered by a competent
administrative body or judicial authority, all care provided in a residential environment,
including in private facilities, whether or not as a result of administrative or judicial
measures. (Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children)
Situations where children are placed by a competent authority for the purpose of
alternative care in the domestic environment of a family other than the childrens own
family, that has been selected, qualified, approved and supervised for providing such care.
(Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children)
The prevention of inappropriate placement of a child in formal care. Placement should be
preceded by some form of assessment of the childs physical, emotional, intellectual and
social needs, matched to whether the placement can meet these needs based on its
functions and objectives (Manual for the Measurement of Indicators for Children in Formal
Care)
A person appointed by the court to protect a childs interests in proceedings affecting his
or her interests (Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime - Model
Law and Related Commentary UNODC-UNICEF)

This term is used in three different ways:1. It can be used as a legal device for conferring
parental rights and responsibilities to adults who are not parents.2. It can refer to an
informal relationship whereby one or more adults assume responsibility for the care of a
child 3. It is sometimes a temporary arrangement whereby a child who is the subject of
judicial proceedings is granted a guardian to look after his or her interests. (Save the
Children UK)
Any private arrangement provided in a family environment, whereby the child is looked
after on an ongoing or indefinite basis by relatives or friends (information kinship care) or
by others in their individual capacity, at the initiative of the child, his/her parents or other
person without this arrangement having been ordered by an administrative or judicial
authority or a duly accredited body. (Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children)
See "Residential care" below.
(i) The [Hague Convention on Protection of Children and co-operation in respect of
intercountry adoption] shall apply where a child habitually resident in one Contracting
State ("the State of origin") has been, is being, or is to be moved to another Contracting
State ("the receiving State") either after his or her adoption in the State of origin by
spouses or a person habitually resident in the receiving State, or for the purposes of such
an adoption in the receiving State or in the State of origin. (2) The Convention covers only
adoptions which create a permanent parent-child relationship. (Hague Convention on
Protection of Children and co-operation in respect of intercountry adoption,23 May 1993,
art. 2)
Temporary care provision, lasting up to 12 weeks for each child. The child may be with
relatives, foster care-givers, or in residential care such as an interim care centre (Interim
Care Toolkit).
Someone who owing to illegal entry or expiry of his or her visa lacks legal status in a
transit or host country. The term refers to migrants who infringe a countrys admission
rules and any other person not authorized to remain in the host country (also called
clandestine/illegal/undocumented migrants or migrants in an irregular situation)
(International Migration Law, Glossary on Migration, IOM, Geneva, 2004)
A child or young person who, under the respective legal systems, may be dealt with for an
offence in a manner which is different from an adult. (Beijing Rules adopted by General
Assembly resolution 40/33 1985)
A form of family based care used in Islamic societies that does not involve a change in
kinship status, but does allow an unrelated child, or a child of unknown parentage, to
receive care, legal protection and inheritance. (Save the Children UK)
Family-based care within the childs extended family or with close friends of the family
known to the child, whether formal or informal in nature. (Guidelines for the Alternative
Care of Children)
A process of moving, either across an international border or within a State. It is a
population movement encompassing any kind of movement of people, whatever its length,
composition and causes; it includes migration of refugees, displaced persons, uprooted
people, and economic migrants. (International Migration Law, Glossary on Migration, IOM,
Geneva, 2004)
Age below which children shall be presumed not to have the capacity to infringe penal law.
(Convention on the Rights of the Child)
The failure of parents or carers to meet a childs physical and emotional needs when they
have the means, knowledge and access to services to do so; or failure to protect him or her
from exposure to danger. (United Nations World Report on Violence against Children,
2006, page 54.)
Orphans are children, both of whose parents are known to be dead. In some countries,
however, a child who has lost one parent is called an orphan (Guidelines on
Unaccompanies and Separated Children).

A childs biological mother and father or another adult who has adopted the child. (Save
the Children UK)
Adoption, kafala or other care arrangement that is stable, and expected to continue until
the child reaches adulthood (the Interim Care Toolkit).
Physical abuse involves the use of violent physical force so as to cause actual or likely
physical injury or suffering (e.g. hitting, shaking, throwing, poisoning, burning or scalding,
drowning, suffocating, female genital mutilation, torture). Physical harm may also be
caused when a parent or carer feigns the symptoms of, or deliberately causes ill health to
a child whom they are looking after. This situation is commonly described using such
terms as fictitious illness by proxy or Munchausen Syndrome by proxy. (Save the Children
UK)
The protective environment framework sets out eight broad, pivotal elements that
determine childrens protection from violence, exploitation, and abuse. The eight elements
are key to creating, or strengthening, a protective environment around children are
Government Commitment and Capacity; legislation and Enforcement; Culture and
Customs; Open Discussions; Childrens Life Skills, Knowledge and Participation; Capacity
of Families and Communities; Essential Services and Monitoring, Reporting and Oversight.
(UNICEF Child Protection Strategy, 2008)
A person, who owing to well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion,
nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinions is outside of the
country of his nationality and is unable or owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself
of the protection of that country. (Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, Art 1A (2),
1951, as modified by the 1967 Protocol)
Re-inclusion or re-incorporation of a person into a group or a process, e.g. a migrant into
the society of his country of origin (International Migration Law, Glossary on Migration,
IOM, Geneva, 2004). Can include children affected by trafficking, child labor, and children
associated with armed forces and armed groups, as well as others.
Care provided in any non-family-based group setting, such as places of safety for
emergency care, transit centres in emergency situations, and all other short and long-term
residential care facilities including group homes. (UN Human Rights Committee,
Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, 2009). Other terms used for this form of
care are institutional care and orphanages.
Planned, short term care of a child, usually based on foster or residential care, to give the
family a break from caring for a child. (Save the Children UK)
"Restorative justice programme" means any programme that uses restorative processes or
aims to achieve restorative outcomes. "Restorative outcome" means an agreement reached
as the result of a restorative process. Examples of restorative outcomes include restitution,
community service and any other programme or response designed to accomplish
reparation of the victim and community, and reintegration of the victim and/or the
offender. "Restorative process" means any process in which the victim, the offender and/or
any other individuals or community members affected by a crime actively participate
together in the resolution of matters arising from the crime, often with the help of a fair
and impartial third party. Examples of restorative process include mediation, conferencing
and sentencing circles. (Basic principles on the use of restorative justice programmes in
criminal matters, ECOSOC Res. 2000/14, U.N. Doc. E/2000/INF/2/Add.2 at 35 (2000))
This means a situation in which a person suffers more than one criminal incident over a
specific periods time. ( Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime Model Law and Related Commentary (UNODC-UNICEF))

A principle of governance in which all persons, institutions and entities, public and private,
including the state itself, are accountable to laws that are publically promulgated, equally
enforced and independently adjudicated, and which are consistent with international
human rights norms and standards. It requires, as well, measures to ensure adherence to
the principles of supremacy of law, equality before the law, accountability to the law,
fairness in the application of the law, separation of powers, participation in decisionmaking, legal certainty, avoidance of arbitrariness and procedural and legal transparency.
(The rule of law and transitional justice in conflict and post-conflict societies, Report of the
Secretary-General, 23 August 2004, S/2004/616)
Any act or transaction whereby a child is transferred by any person or group of persons to
another for remuneration or any other consideration. (Article 2 of the OPSC)
Victimization that occurs not as a direct result of a criminal act but through the response
of institutions and individuals to the victims. (Justice in Matters involving Child Victims
and Witnesses of Crime - Model Law and Related Commentary (UNODC-UNICEF))
A child separated from a previous legal or customary primary care-giver, but who may
nevertheless be accompanied by another relative. (Guidelines for the Alternative Care of
Children)
The condition or status of a tenant who is by law, custom or agreement bound to live and
labour on land belonging to another person and to render some determinate service to
such other person, whether for reward or not, and is not free to change his status. (Art 1 of
the Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and
Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery)
All forms of sexual violence including incest, early and forced marriage, rape, involvement
in child pornography, and sexual slavery. Child sexual abuse may also include indecent
touching or exposure, using sexually explicit language towards a child and showing
children pornographic material.
The abuse of a position of vulnerability, differential power, or trust for sexual purposes;
this includes profiting monetarily, socially or politically from the exploitation of another as
well as personal gratification e.g. child prostitution, trafficking of children for sexual
purpose, child pornography, sexual slavery. (Save the Children)
A child who has one biological parent who has passed away.
Includes all acts involved in the capture, acquisition or disposal of a person with intent to
reduce him to slavery; all acts involved in the acquisition of a slave with a view to selling
or exchanging him; all acts of disposal by sale or exchange of a slave acquired with a view
to being sold or exchanged, and, in general, every act of trade or transport in slaves
(Article 1 of the Slavery Convention). This means and includes all acts involved in the
capture, acquisition or disposal of a person with intent to reduce him to slavery; all acts
involved in the acquisition of a slave with a view to selling or exchanging him; all acts of
disposal by sale or exchange of a person acquired with a view to being sold or exchanged;
and, in general, every act of trade or transport in slaves by whatever means of conveyance.
(Article 7 of the Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade,
and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery)
The status or condition of a person over whom any or all of the powers attaching to the
right of ownership are exercised. (Article 1 of the Slavery Convention, adopted in 1926,
entered into force in 1927)
The procurement, in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material
benefit of the illegal entry of a person into the State Party of which the person is not a
national or a permanent resident. (Article 3(a) the UN Protocol Against the Smuggling of
Migrants by Land, Sea and Air)
Intentional proposal, through information and communication technologies, of an adult to
meet a child who has not reached the legal age for sexual activities, for the purpose of
engaging in sexual activities or the production of child pornography. (Source: Article 23 of
the Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation
and Sexual Abuse)

A person (child) not considered a national by a state under the operation of its law.
(Convention on the Status of Stateless Persons, 1954)
Offences prescribed in various national legal systems where the range of behaviour
considered to be an offence is wider for juveniles than it is for adults (for example, truancy,
school and family disobedience, public drunkenness, etc.) (Beijing Rules)
Any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally
inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information
or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is
suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for
any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by
or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other
person acting in an official capacity. (Article 1 of the Convention against Torture and Other
Cruel Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, adopted in 1984, entry into force
1987)
(a) The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of
the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of
the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of
payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another
person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the
exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced
labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of
organs...;(c) The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a child for
the purpose of exploitation shall be considered trafficking in persons even if this does
not involve any of the means set forth in subparagraph (a) of this article; (d) Child shall
mean any person under eighteen years of age. (Article 3 of the Palermo Protocol)
Separated children are those separated from both parents, or from their previous legal or
customary primary care-giver, but not necessarily from other relatives. These may,
therefore, include children accompanied by other adult family members. Unaccompanied
children (also called unaccompanied minors) are children who have been separated from
both parents and other relatives and are not being cared for by an adult who, by law or
custom, is responsible for doing so (Guidelines on Unaccompanied and Separated
Children).
(a) All forms of slavery or practices similar to slavery, such as the sale and trafficking of
children, debt bondage and serfdom and forced or compulsory labour, including forced or
compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflict; (b) The use, procuring or
offering of a child for prostitution, for the production of pornography or for pornographic
performances; (c) The use, procuring or offering of a child for illicit activities, in particular
for the production and trafficking of drugs as defined in the relevant international treaties;
(d) Work which, by its nature or the circumstances in which it is carried out, is likely to
harm the health, safety or morals of children. (Article 3 of ILO Worst Forms of Child
Labour Convention, No. 182, adopted in1999, entered into force in 2000)
Basic Information and Country Risk Profile Tool
CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM: MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT

COUNTRY NAME
1 (b). Basic Information and Country Risk Profile Tool
Report Information
COUNTRY NAME
Country Name:
Date of Report (mm/dd/yyyy)
Assessor(s):
Title:
Organization:
Address:
Phone:
E-mail:
Overall Country Status

Country economic classification (automatically generated from
per capita GNI using World Bank classification 2008)
Low Income
High Human Development
Human Development Index rank (click here)
MDG status? Click here for quick access to country progress summary on MDG Monitor.
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1. Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty

2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality and
empower women
4. Reduce child mortality
5. Improve maternal health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other
diseases
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
8. Develop a global partnership for
development
Current Emergency Context (if any)

Type of Emergency
#s
Children
Affected
Duration and/or Frequency, Other Observati
War
Other civil conflict
Earthquake, drought, flood
Severe food shortages
Epidemic disease
Note any foreseeable emergencies
Internal displacement (if not above)
29

Refugees (if separate from above)
Other
COUNTRY RISK PROFILE
This tool provides an opportunity to summarize the extent to which each of the key child protection them
represents risks and vulnerability to children, as well as the extent to which indicators on those areas are
the relative priority of those that are not. Where available, links to detailed child protection indicator re
provided. To keep this manageable, cross references to more detailed analyses can be provided as relevan
advisable to establish an up front stakeholder consultation and agreement in-country on how the priority
be established, as well as the determination of a set of core indicators.
1. Please provide data as available, using the provided database links if needed for rapid access to som
2. Indicate if a given indicator is 'core' or 'non-core' to the child protection program. Please endeavo
number of core indicators to the ones that are absolutely critical to an understanding of the program (per
3-4 per section). The tool will count and calculate the total number of 'core' indicators, near the bottom o
3. Please use the picklist in the next column to rank the data collection priority for each indicator. I
not relevant for a country, or if data collection is satisfactory, that can be indicated. If data is currently u
unreliable, or otherwise lacking, the users should note the priority of collecting that indicator. Please end
the number of high priority collection needs to a number that is feasible (no more than three to five), and
some realistic expectation that the information can be collected in the short to medium term.
4. The tool will highlight and count the number of 'priority' collection needs, and will collate those a
Data for Decisionmaking tool.
It is important to note that the following categories are more or less standard breakdowns of how indicato
and monitored. These breakdowns in no way suggest that a child protection system should be organized
categories. A system should be designed so that it responds to the needs of each child in a holistic way, n
children can experience multiple risks.
NOTE: Many country level indicators below are available by clicking HERE to access the UNICE
GENERAL INDICATORS ON THE RISK ENVIRONMENT
Demographic and Macroeconomic Indicators
Indicator
Total
Male
Total Population (thousands)

Population (thousands) under 18
Population annual growth rate (%)
Population that is urbanized, %
Life expectancy at birth (years)
30
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

GNI per capita (US$)
% of population below US$1.25/day
31
Child Poverty Indicators
Indicator
Total
Male
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?
Percent of population under

$1.25/day
Infant mortality rate (under 1)
Under 5 mortality rate
Maternal mortality ratio, reported
% under-5 suffering wasting:
moderate & severe
% under-5 suffering stunting:
moderate & severe
Percent Under-5 underweight
moderate & severe
Percent infants with low birthweight
1-year old children immunized
against TB
% < 5 w/diarrhoea oral
rehydrate/con't feeding
%< 1 receiving measles vaccinations
Percent of population using improved
sanitation facilities
Primary school enrollment ratio, net
Secondary school enrollment ratio,
net
Survival rate to last primary grade
(survey)
Youth (15-24) literacy rate
Urban school enrollment ratio, net
Rural school enrollment ratio, net
WANT MORE COMPREHENSIVE DATA?
Click HERE for access to DevInfo, a source for a wide array of development information
Click HERE for access to ChildInfo, a substantial source for information and data on the state of
32
Click HERE for access to the 2009 Children in CEE/CIS: TransMONEE database
HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS related indicators provide a critical perspective on the overall risk assessment, as the HIV/AIDS
Indicator
Value
Male
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?
Estimated number of children age 014 living with HIV/AIDS

HIV prevalence among young people
15-24
Percent of young people age 15-19
who have had sex before the age of
15
Percent of young people age 15-19
who have had sex with more than one
partner over the last 12 months
Children who have lost one or both
parents due to HIV/AIDS
Percent of children affected by
HIV/AIDS whose households receive
external support
Proportion of children, who have
indicated via self-reports that they
have been victims of violence at
home/school in the last 12 months
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to the 10 core and 7 additional indicators in "Guide to Monitoring and Ev
Children With Disabilities
The MICS optional module on disability (also called The Ten Question Module) is based on a two-stage qu
Indicator
Value
Male
Children with disabilities, total

Children reported with a
developmental impairment
33
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

Children reported with a vision
impairment
Children reported with a hearing
impairment
Children reported with an
understanding impairment
Children reported with a movement
impairment
Children reported with a crisis/fits
impairment
Children reported with a learning
impairment
Children reported with a speech
impairment
Children reported with a naming
objects impairment
Children reported with a mental
impairment
Percentage of children with
disabilities over 5 attending school
Percentage of children with
disabilities in mainstream classes
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
INDICATORS BY CHILD PROTECTION SUBSECTOR
Birth Registration
Birth registration indicators have been defined and developed, and as of 2000 were being collected in 101
be useful in some countries to add an indicator breaking this down for refugees and stateless persons (in
registered).
Indicator
Value
Male
Birth registration, total

Birth registration, urban
34
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

Birth registration, rural
35

OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Child Labor
Child labor indicators are being developed through partnerships between the International Labor Organiz
Indicator
Value
Male
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?
Child labor (5-14 years) total

Children in labor force not attending
school
Among working children, % in
agricultural sector
industrial sector
services sector
Among children who work, percent
unpaid
Number of children working on the
street
Number of child domestic workers
Other indicator:
CHILD LABOR SURVEYS
Date of last Child Labor Survey (if
conducted):
Date of next Child Labor Survey (if
planned):
Cite any other recent surveys that
yield data on child labor (excluding
MICS):
36

OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Understanding Children's Work," a collaboration between UNICEF, the
Click HERE for access to an ILO collection of manuals on data on child labour
Harmful Cultural Practices

Child Marriage
Child marriage indicators have been defined and developed, and as of 2000 were being collected in 93 cou
Indicator
Value
Male
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?
Child marriage, total

Child marriage, urban
Child marriage, rural
Marriage up to age 15
Marriage up to age 18
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
37
38

WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Early Marriage: A Harmful Traditional Practice -- A Statistical E
Female Genital Mutilation and Cutting
FGM/C indicators have been fully defined and developed, and as of 2000 were being collected in 27 countr
these indictors can be further disaggregated by education, rural/urban, income level, religion, and ethnic
Indicator
Value
Male
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?
FGM/C (15-49) total

FGM/C (15-49) urban
FGM/C (15-49) rural
FGM/C (<15) total
Prevalence of extreme form of FGM/C
(15-49)
Prevalence of FGM/C among
daughters
Approval for FGM/C
Percentage of FGM/C performed by a
traditional practitioner
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
Click HERE for access to "Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Statistical Explora
39
Physically, Sexually and Psychologically Abused and Severely Neglected Chil

Data in this area is typically difficult to collect and aggregate.
Indicator
Value
Male
Proportion of children, who have

indicated via self-reports that they
have been victims of violence at
home/school in the last 12 months
Child discipline (2-14 years)
Proportion of children who possess
life skills- who know what to do in
case of victimization at home/school
Attitude toward domestic violence
(2001-2007), total
Homicide rate in children during a 12
month period per 100,000 children
Emergency room visits due to
assaults on children during a 12
Hospital discharge rate due to
assaults on children during a 12
Number of children officially
reported as victims of violence to
authorities during a 12 month period
per 100,000 children
Number of substantiated cases of
violence against children during a 12
Percentage of child victims referred
to Recovery, Reintegration or
Psychological Support Services
during a 12 month period
Percentage of child victims who used
Recovery, Reintegration or
Psychological Support Services
during a 12 month period
40
UNICEF and the International Society for
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

Proportion of children who skipped
school because they were afraid/felt
unsafe to go to school due to violence
in the last 12 months
Percentage of schools with protective
school policies in place
Number of children (0-17)
experiencing sexual abuse over
her/his lifetime
experiencing rape over his/her
lifetime
experiencing psychological abuse
over his/her lifetime
Number of children (0-17) in
enforced prostitution
Number of girls (0-17) subjected to
forced pregnancy
Number of children (0-17) subjected
to forced sterilization
Number of children subjected to
violence by law enforcement officials
Number of children subjected to
violence through honor killings
Homicide rate for infants (less than
one year)
Estimated number of children with
substance abuse problems (non
alcohol)
Estimated number of children with
alcohol abuse problems
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to the "United Nation's Secretary General's Study on Violence Again
41
Children Without Adequate Family Care or Alternative Care
This section includes some categories of children who mayhave adequate family or parental care as a resu
Indicator
Value
Male
Children (aged 0-17) orphaned by

AIDS (000s)
Children (0-17) orphaned by all
causes (000s)
Orphan school attendance ratio
Children's living arrangements
Number of residential institutions for
children
Children entering formal care
Children living in formal care
Children leaving residential care for
a family placement
Ratio of children in residential vs.
family-based care
Contact with parents and family
(children in residential institutions)
Children in foster care (0-17), total
Children in guardianship (0-17), total
Children receiving other family
support services
Domestic adoptions, total
Inter-country adoptions, total
Number of child deaths in formal
care
Number of child-headed households
(through age 18)
Estimated number of children living
on the streets
42
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

Number of children with one living
parent (half orphans)
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to the "Keeping Children Out of Harmful Institutions: Why We Should Be
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Child Mobility and Trafficking (Including Commercial Sexual Exploitation
Human trafficking is defined in the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Espe
Indicator
Value
Male
Number of children trafficked out of

the country for commercial sexual
exploitation
Number of children trafficked to the
country for commercial sexual
exploitation
Number of children trafficked within
the country for commercial sexual
exploitation
Number of children trafficked out of
the country for labor exploitation
43
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

Number of children trafficked to the
country for labor exploitation
Number of children trafficked within
the country for labor exploitation
Number of undocumented children in
country
Number of children deported
Estimated number of child migrants
within the country
Estimated number of child migrants
to/from the country
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to an ILO brief on operational indicators in human traffick
Click HERE to access the United Nations Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking (
Click HERE to access UNIAP statistical resources on trafficking
Children and Justice
The first 11 indicators have been developed within the framework of the Inter-Agency Panel on Juvenile Ju
Indicator
Value
Male
Children in conflict with the law

Children in detention
Children in pre-sentence detention
Child deaths in detention
44
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

Separation from adults
Contact with parents and family
Custodial sentencing
Pre-sentence diversion
Aftercare
Number of children tried/convicted
for: (specify offense according to
national category)
national category)
national category)
national category)
national category)
national category)
Children under care and protection
orders
If Best Interests Determinations
(BID) are being conducted, indicate
number
Other indicator:
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
45
Child Protection in Emergencies/Armed Conflict

Emergencies and Armed Conflict
Indicators for children in emergencies are under development. Some data are available in the reports of
Indicator
Value
Male
Number of unaccompanied or
separated children due to emergency
or conflict
Number of internally displaced
children
Number of refugee children
Number of children seeking asylum
Minimum legal recruitment age
Number of children in state forces
Number of children in non-state
forces
Estimated number of children killed
in armed conflict
Estimated number of children
maimed in armed conflict
abducted in armed conflict
released from abduction
recruited as soldiers
Estimated number of child soldiers
who are demobilized
Estimated number of children raped
or other grave sexual violence (armed
context)
subjected to other sexual violence
(armed context)
subjected to sexual slavery (armed
context)
46
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

subjected to child prostitution
(armed context)
Estimated number of children: forced
pregnancy (armed context)
Estimated number of children:
enforced sterilization (armed
context)
Estimated former children associated
with armed conflict and armed
groups in need of reintegration
support
Estimated number of children in
detention as a result of their
involvement in armed forces
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Inter-Agency Child Protection Information Management S
Landmines, Explosive Remnants of War, Cluster Munitions
Indicators for landmines and armed violence are under development by UNICEF, with input from WHO, to
Indicator
Value
Male
Total landmine/ERW casualties (0-17)

Of those, total landmine casualties
Total killed by landmines/ERW (0-17)
Total injured by landmines/ERW (017)
Estimated total survivors of
landmines/ERW (0-17)
47
Female
Core child
protection
indicator?

Estimated number of children (0-17)
knowledgeable about ERW and
landmines
Total casualties (0-17) from
conventional weapons
Total casualties (0-17) from small
arms and light weapons
threatened by small arms and light
weapons
Number of children (0-17) having
access to small arms and light
weapons
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
SUMMARY TOTAL OF CORE AND PRIORITY INDICATORS

Indicator Type
Total Selected by Assessors
TOTAL CORE INDICATORS

FOR COUNTRY
TOTAL MEDIUM PRIORITY
DATA NEEDS
TOTAL HIGH PRIORITY DATA
NEEDS
0
0
0
CHILD PROTECTION INDICATOR DISAGGREGATION/CORRELATION
THE ABOVE INDICATORS CAN BE DISAGGREGATED AND/OR CORRELATED IN MANY WAYS. IN ORDER
TOOL TO A REASONABLE LENGTH, THE TOOL MINIMALLY DISAGGREGATES THE ABOVE INDICATORS,
DISAGGREGATION/CORRELATION CAN BE USEFUL IN CHILD PROTECTION ANALYSIS. Please use the p
any desired disaggregation/correlation analyses that would be useful and that are NOT currently available
Risk Category
Child Poverty
48

Child Poverty
Birth Registration
Child Labor
Child Marriage
HIV/AIDS
Violence Against Children
Landmines/ERW/Cluster Munitions
Child Mobility and Trafficking
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
CHILD PROTECTION RISK MAPPING

If desired, any geographical maps outlining child protection can be embedded here by going to the Excel
using the "Insert Object" command.
49
NG AND ASSESSMENT
E
try Risk Profile Tool
n
COUNTRY NAME
us
Low Income
High Human Development
MDG Monitor.
LEAVE BLANK IF 'INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION'; 1 IF 'OFF TRACK', 2 IF 'POSSIBLE IF CHA
t (if any)
and/or Frequency, Other Observations
50
FILE
f the key child protection thematic areas

h indicators on those areas are being collected and
ed child protection indicator references are
lyses can be provided as relevant. It is highly
in-country on how the priority data needs should
if needed for rapid access to some data.

ction program. Please endeavor to minimize the
derstanding of the program (perhaps no more than
re' indicators, near the bottom of the sheet.
on priority for each indicator. If data is
ndicated. If data is currently unavailable,
ecting that indicator. Please endeavor to minimize
no more than three to five), and where there is
rt to medium term.
n needs, and will collate those automatically in the
ard breakdowns of how indicators are collected

on system should be organized according to these
of each child in a holistic way, noting that many
g HERE to access the UNICEF country statistics global database)
K ENVIRONMENT
mic Indicators
Rate importance of collecting

data that is not available or
that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
51
52
ors
that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
E DATA?
y of development information and data
ation and data on the state of children globally and in specific countries, including a subsection on c
53
E/CIS: TransMONEE database
sk assessment, as the HIV/AIDS crisis has led to much larger numbers of vulnerable children in many countri

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
"Guide to Monitoring and Evaluation of the National Response for Children Orphaned and Made Vul
ties
dule) is based on a two-stage questionnaire that has been designed to identify children who have congenital a

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
54
TS
ON SUBSECTOR
000 were being collected in 101 countries. It may

ugees and stateless persons (in many cases, few are

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
55
56
TS
the International Labor Organization, the International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor and its Sta

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
57
TS
oration between UNICEF, the ILO and the World Bank (site includes a number of country reports)
nuals on data on child labour
ices
0 were being collected in 93 countries.

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
TS
58
59
onal Practice -- A Statistical Exploration"
nd Cutting
ere being collected in 27 countries.

come level, religion, and ethnicity.
that needs to be
improved/updated
Note that
Source/Date
Cutting: A Statistical Exploration"
60
nd Severely Neglected Children
nd the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect developed questionnaires in 2006 to co

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
61
TS
ral's Study on Violence Against Children"
62
e or Alternative Care
amily or parental care as a result of certain actions such as adoption, or who may be receiving family support

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
63
titutions: Why We Should Be Investing in Family Based Care"
TS
mercial Sexual Exploitation)
ish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children. A joint EU-ILO project has been initiated to reach

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
64
TS
indicators in human trafficking
oject on Human Trafficking (UNIAP)
sources on trafficking
nter-Agency Panel on Juvenile Justice. They can be disaggregated by age, offense, ethnicity, and other variabl

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
65
TS
66
Armed Conflict
Conflict
a are available in the reports of the Special Representative of the Secretary General for Children and Armed C

that needs to be
improved/updated
Source/Date
67
TS
Information Management System"
r, Cluster Munitions
NICEF, with input from WHO, to be included in MICS.

that needs to be
improved/updated
Some data on landmines is available through the Globa
Source/Date
68
TS
ORITY INDICATORS
Selected by Assessors
0
0
0
EGATION/CORRELATION
ED IN MANY WAYS. IN ORDER TO KEEP THIS

TES THE ABOVE INDICATORS, BUT
ON ANALYSIS. Please use the picklists to indicate
that are NOT currently available.
Desired Disaggregation/Correlation
69
MAPPING
ded here by going to the Excel "Insert" menu and
70
Global Context Tool

COUNTRY NAME
1 (c). Child Protection: Global Context Tool
Preventing and responding to violence, exploitation and abuse is essential to ensuring children's
development and well being. The ideal approach is to create a protective environment, where girls an
violence, exploitation and unnecessary separation from family, and where laws, services, behaviors and
children's vulnerability, address known risk factors, and strengthen children's own resilience. The
rights -based, and emphasizes prevention as well as the accountability of governments. It enhances
supporting sustained national capacity for child protection. Finally, it reflects children's own role
agents of change and actors in strengthening the protective environment. This tool allows users to
how a country has acceded to the global rights regime, which provides an important context for the o
of a given child protection system. Reservations, for example, may provide a useful context for t
structured and functions. PLEASE CLICK ON THE NAME OF EACH INSTRUMENT TO ACCESS LIST
category or question is Not Applicable (N.A.), please record N.A.
Status:
Signed
Ratified
Country is Party To (click on agreement for list of
Date
Declared
parties)
Performed
Acceded
Non-Party
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC, 1989)
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW, 1979)
Global Context Tool
Country is Party To (click on agreement for list of

parties)
Status:
Signed
Ratified
Declared
Acceded
Non-Party
Not Applicable
Date
Performed
Optional CRC Protocol on Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography
Optional CRC Protocol on Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict
Optional Protocol to CEDAW (1999)
Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Intercountry Adoption
Hague Convention on Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction
Hague Convention on Jurisdiction, Applicable Law in Respect of Parental Responsibility and Measures for t
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2007)
Convention Against Discrimination in Education (1960)
Minimum Age Convention (ILO Convention #138, 1973)
Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention (ILO #182, 1999)
Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (2000)
-- (Palermo) Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Childre
Global Context Tool
Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons (1954)
Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness (1961)
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)
Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984)
Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention (1957)
Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1951)
Protocol to the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1967)
African Charter on Human and People's Rights (1981)
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (1990)
African Youth Charter (2006)
Inter-American Convention on the International Return of Children (1989)
Global Context Tool
Inter-American Convention on International Traffic in Minors (1994)
Inter-American Convention on Conflict of Laws Concerning the Adoption of Minors (1984)
Inter-American Convention on Support Obligations (1989)
European Convention on the Exercise of Children's Rights (1996)
Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children Against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse (2
Council of Europe Convention on Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings (2005)
Global Context Tool
D ASSESSMENT
ext Tool
ensuring children's rights to survival,

ment, where girls and boys are free from
rvices, behaviors and practices minimize
wn resilience. The approach is human
ments. It enhances aid effectiveness by
children's own roles and resilience as
tool allows users to reflect whether and
ant context for the overall development
useful context for the way a system is
NT TO ACCESS LIST OF PARTIES. If a
CRC and CEDAW only
Reservations? Declarations?
National coordination mechanism in

place. date of last country report
and any major observations
Reservations?
National coordination mechanism in

place, date of last country report,
any major observations
Global Context Tool
Global Context Tool
Global Context Tool
Policy Context Tool

COUNTRY NAME
1(d). Legal and Policy Context Tool
A child protection system is both dependent on the policy context (including many policies that are no
protection related, such as overall rights and civil service laws) and inclusive of the policy context (in t
develops, implements, monitors and evaluates child protection policy). This tool outlines the system's
provides a framework for referencing the global rights regime and for putting that in national perspec
or question is Not Applicable (N.A.), please record N.A.
POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Applicable Ages
Minimum age for child justice procedures for children in conflict with the
law
Maximum age for child justice procedures for children in conflict with the
law
Minimum age for marriage
Minimum age of consent to sexual relations
Minimum age of legal employment
Minimum age of voluntary recruitment into armed forces
Minimum age for direct participation in hostilities
Any maximum age for certain rights or protections under the law? Describe.
Overall Legal Framework: General Indicators
Does the Constitution include any provisions on child rights? Are those
provisions consistent with the Convention on the Rights of the Child and
other global and regional covenants and instruments?
What is the mechanism used, under the country's constitutional law, to give
effect to international instruments ratified by the country?
Is there a comprehensive legal and policy framework in place on child
protection issues?
Does the Government have a national child protection policy statement or
national framework document?
Has the Government prepared and/or adopted national plans of action on
specific child protection issues such as the elimination of violence or the
worst forms of child labor, the commercial exploitation of children, and the
care and protection of orphans and vulnerable children?
Is child protection policy fragmented? If so, outline any possibilities for
consolidating or streamlining laws to improve the child protection
legislative/regulatory framework.
Do local norms, practices and behaviors have a bearing on how child
protection policy is formulated? Briefly describe how local practices affect
policy design.
Are children consulted during the policy development and evaluation
process? Are those consultations meaningful, and do they factor into policy
design?
Are there national guidelines and procedures in place for determining the
best interests of the child?
Are Government policy-making institutions required to prepare the costs of
legislative and regulatory changes and do they do so in practice? If so,
what is the general quality of such analyses?
79
Policy Context Tool

Are Government policy-making institutions required to prepare an
assessment of the administrative ramifications of legislative and regulatory
changes, and do they do so in practice? If so, what is the general quality of
such analyses?
Is there legislation that articulates a "duty to report" certain conditions,
such as abuse, exploitation, or abandonment?
Are there regulations governing the operations of government child
protection programs? Note from picklist below, and add country-specific
categories in cells marked 'Other.' Note any general issues (regulatory
strengths/weaknesses) in box at right.
Other: (specify)
Other: (specify):
Other: (specify):
Other: (specify):
Other: (specify):
Does child protection policy design include consultations with other key stakeholders? Select from
appropriate, and add country-specific categories if necessary in cells marked 'Other.
Other: (specify):
Please include an inventory of key child protection related legislation, dates of passage and are
Legislation
Date Passed
Is child protection policy fragmented, and is there scope for consolidating or streamlining laws to im
protection legislative/regulatory framework? Are key child protection definitions sufficiently outlin
Note Key Child Protection Legislative Provisions/Definitions That May Be
Present in Multiple Laws
80
Policy Context Tool
CHILD PROTECTION LEGAL AND POLICY ASSESSMENT
While a child protection system should ideally view vulnerabilities in a cross cutting and holistic way, i
to understand how current policies address specific issues, and how well those policies correspond to t
regime as well as national and sub-national realities. The following sections draw an explicit link betw
provisions of global conventions and specific thematic areas in child protection. Hyperlinks to many re
conventions are provided. This assessment, once completed, might be followed by a dialogue on prote
overlap, are cross cutting, and that might be able to be addressed through a single child protection po
legislation and implementing regulations (or, if that is not possible, through a minimum number of co
and legal instruments).
BIRTH REGISTRATION
CRC Article 7 Provisions
The child shall be registered
immediately after birth and
shall have the right from birth
to a name, the right to acquire a
nationality and, as far as
possible, the right to know and
be cared for by his or her
parents.
Is the country's approach contained

in a single legislative package, or is
birth registration policy
encompassed in a variety of
legislation?
States Parties shall ensure the

implementation of these rights
in accordance with their
national law and their
obligations under the relevant
international instruments in
this field, in particular where
the child would otherwise be
stateless.
Are the provisions on birth

registration consistent with the CRC
or other conventions and
instruments? Describe any
departures.
Int'l Covenant on Civil and

Political Rights (Art. 24)
Is there an active policy dialogue

underway to address the above
departures? Would legislative or
regulatory change make a
meaningful change in the situation
on the ground? Describe.
Every child shall be registered

immediately after birth and
shall have a name.
Convention Relating to the
Status of Stateless Persons (Art.
27)
The Contracting States shall
issue identity papers to any
stateless person in their
territory who does not possess a
valid travel document.
Is birth registration compulsory?
Convention on the Reduction of

Statelessness (Art. 1)
A Contracting State shall grant
its nationality to a person, not
born in the territory of a
Contracting State, who would
otherwise be stateless, if the
nationality of one of his parents
at the time of the person's birth
was that of that State. If his
parents did not possess the
same nationality at the time of
his birth, the question whether
the nationality of the person
concerned should follow that of
the father or that of the mother
shall be determined by the
national law of such
Contracting State.
Are children registered at birth

regardless of their race, ethnicity,
nationality, gender, religion or other
status? Are there significant
populations that are being missed
as a result of their status?
Does national legislation ensure

that birth registration is provided
with a high level of accessibility and
no cost?
Are there programs in place to

register older children who were not
registered at birth? Describe.
81
was that of that State. If his

parents did not possess the
same nationality at the time of
his birth, the question whether
the nationality of the person
concerned should follow that of
the father or that of the mother
shall be determined by the
national law of such
Contracting State.
Policy Context Tool

Are there satisfactory implementing
measures (regulations, directives,
etc.) in place? If not, what are the
key gaps?
Are there traditional laws,
traditional practices, religious laws,
etc. that have a bearing on this
issue? Describe if applicable,
noting whether they are consistent
with the CRC and/or national
legislation.
Please prioritize the policy agenda
in this area. Does legislation need
to be drafted or amended? What
legislative provisions and/or
implementing measures need to be
addressed most critically?
CHILD LABOR AND CHILD WORK

CRC Article 32/33 Provisions
States Parties recognize the
right of the child to be
protected from economic
exploitation and from
performing any work that is
likely to be hazardous or to
interfere with the child's
education, or to be harmful to
the child's health or physical,
mental, spiritual, moral or
social development.
States Parties shall take
legislative, administrative,
social and educational
measures to ensure the
implementation of the present
article. To this end, and having
regard to the relevant
provisions of other
international instruments,
States Parties shall in
particular: (a) Provide for a
minimum age or minimum ages
for admission to employment;
(b) Provide for appropriate
regulation of the hours and
conditions of employment;(c)
Provide for appropriate
penalties or other sanctions to
ensure the effective
enforcement of the present
article.

in a single child labor and child
work legislative package, or is
policy encompassed in a variety of
legislation?
Does the legislation on child labor
and child work work explicitly
reference the Convention on the
Rights of the Child or other
conventions, particularly ILO
conventions?
Describe any significant departures
of child labor and child work
legislation and regulations from the
CRC or other conventions or
instruments. Cite source
documentation for more details if
possible.
82
Policy Context Tool

States Parties shall take all
appropriate measures,
including legislative,
administrative, social and
educational measures, to
protect children from the illicit
use of narcotic drugs and
psychotropic substances as
defined in the relevant
international treaties, and to
prevent the use of children in
the illicit production and
trafficking of such substances.

Convention on Worst Forms of Child Does

Laborchild
(click
labor
for text)
and child work
policy treat children differently
depending on race, ethnicity,
gender, religion, nationality, or
other status? Note issues where the
law may treat children differently
explicitly, and/or where the law
implicitly affects children as a result
of their status.
Convention on Minimum Age (click for
Does
text)
the legislation grant children
in labor or work with certain rights,
e.g., to file complaints and to have
those complaints resolved?
If the answer to the above is 'yes,'
describe the mechanism available to
children.
Does the legislation provide for any
services to children who are
engaged in child labor or child
work? Describe.
key gaps?

legislation.
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
83
Policy Context Tool
Click HERE for access to "Beyond Child Labour, Affirming Rights"

HARMFUL CULTURAL PRACTICES
CHILD MARRIAGE
Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, Article 16

in a single child marriage legislative
package, or is child marriage policy
Marriage shall be entered into only encompassed in a variety of
with the free and full consent of
legislation?
the intending spouses.
Convention on the Elimination of
All Forms of Discrimination
Against Women (Art. 16)
Does the legislation on child

marriage explicitly reference the
Convention on the Rights of the
Child or other conventions?
The betrothal and the marriage of Describe any significant departures
a child shall have no legal effect,
of child marriage legislation and
and all necessary action, including regulations from the CRC or other
legislation, shall be taken to
conventions or instruments. Cite
specify a minimum age for
source documentation for more
marriage and to make the
details if possible.
registration of marriages in an
official registry compulsory.
Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages (clic
UN Recommendation on Consent to Is
Marriage,
there anMinimum
active policy
Agedialogue
for Marriage and Registration of Marr
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare

Does child
of the
marriage
Child Article
policy21Child
treat marriage and the betrothal o
children differently depending on
race, ethnicity, gender, religion,
nationality or other status? Note
issues where the law may treat
children differently explicitly, and/or
where the law implicitly affects
children as a result of their status.
Protocol to the African Charter on

Human and People's Rights on the
Rights of Women in Africa, Article
7
Does the legislation grant children

at risk of child marriage with
certain rights, e.g., to file
complaints and to have those
complaints resolved?
The minimum age of marriage for

women shall be 18 years

children.
84
Policy Context Tool

services to children who are at risk
of or subjected to child marriage?
Describe.
key gaps?

legislation.
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Early Marriage: A Harmful Traditional Practic

FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION/CUTTING
Child Article 24 Provisions

in a single FGM/C Legislative
package, or is FGM/C policy
encompassed in a variety of
effective and appropriate measures legislation?
with a view to abolishing
traditional practices prejudicial to
the health of children.
Convention on the Elimination of AllDoes

Forms
the
oflegislation
Discrimination
on FGM/C
Against Women (click for text, esp. Ar
explicitly reference the Convention
on the Rights of the Child or other
conventions?
African Charter on Human and
People's Rights (Art. 4)

of FGM/C legislation and
regulations from the CRC or other
Human beings are inviolable. Every conventions or instruments. Cite
human being shall be entitled to
respect for his life and the integrity details if possible.
of his person. No one may be
arbitrarily deprived of this right.
85
Policy Context Tool

African Charter on the Rights and
Welfare of the Child Article 21
State Parties to the present
Charter shall take all appropriate
measures to eliminate harmful
social and cultural practices
affecting the welfare, dignity,
normal growth and development of
the child and in particular: (a)
those customs and practices
prejudicial to the health or life of
the child

Protocol to the African Charter on Human

Does FGM/C
and People's
policy treat
Rights
children
on the Rights of Women in Africa (cl
differently depending on race,
ethnicity, gender, religion,
Cairo Declaration for the Elimination
Does
of FGM
the legislation
(click for text)
grant children
at risk of FGM/C with certain rights,
e.g., to file complaints and to have
those complaints resolved?
UN Resolution on Traditional or Customary

If the answer
Practices
to the
Affecting
above is
the
'yes,'
Health of Woman and Girls (clic
children.
Draft Commission on the Status of Women

Does the
(ECOSOC)
legislation
Resolution
provide for
on any
Ending Female Genital Mutilat
of or subjected to FGM/C? Describe.

key gaps?
86
Policy Context Tool

CHILD DISCRIMINATION: POLICY CONTEXT

CRC Articles 8 and 14

States Parties undertake to respect policy encompassed in a variety of
the right of the child to preserve
legislation?
his or her identity, including
nationality, name and family
relations as recognized by law
without unlawful interference.
Where a child is illegally deprived

of some or all of the elements of
his or her identity, States Parties
shall provide appropriate
assistance and protection, with a
view to re-establishing speedily his
or her identity.
Does the legislation explicitly

conventions?
Convention on the Elimination of Racial

Describe
Discrimination
any significant
(click
departures
for text)
of the legislation and regulations
from the CRC or other conventions
or instruments. Cite source
possible.
Convention Against Discrimination in
Is Education
there an active
(clickpolicy
for text)
dialogue
Does the policy provide for explicit
rights for children who have been
discriminated against?
87
Policy Context Tool

UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous
Does policy
Peoples
treat children
World Youth Report (including on young
Doeswomen
policy provide
and girls,
forclick
services
for link)
to
children facing discrimination,
including preventive services for
those at risk? Describe.

key gaps?
What provisions are made for intergovernmental and inter-agency

communication and collaboration?

legislation.
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to the General Comment by the Committee on the Rights of the
PHYSICAL, SEXUAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ABUSE OF CHILDREN AND SEVERE
88
Policy Context Tool

appropriate legislative,
administrative, social and
educational measures to protect
the child from all forms of physical
or mental violence, injury or abuse,
neglect or negligent treatment,
maltreatment or exploitation,
including sexual abuse, while in
the care of parent(s), legal
guardian(s) or any other person
who has the care of the child.

in a single child violence/domestic
violence legislative package, or is
legislation?
Such protective measures should, Does the legislation on child and

as appropriate, include effective
domestic violence explicitly
procedures for the establishment
of social programmes to provide
necessary support for the child and conventions?
for those who have the care of the
child, as well as for other forms of
prevention and for identification,
reporting, referral, investigation,
treatment and follow-up of
instances of child maltreatment
described heretofore, and, as
appropriate, for judicial
involvement.
Optional CRC Protocol on the Sale ofDescribe
Children,
any
Child
significant
Prostitution
departures
and Child Pornography (click for
possible.
UN Resolution on the Promotion andIsProtection

there an active
of thepolicy
Rights
dialogue
of Children (click for text)
CRC General Comment No. 8 on the Does

Rightchild
of the
violence/domestic
Child to Protection from Corporal Punishment and
violence policy treat children
89
Policy Context Tool

Does the legislation grant children
at risk of violence, or subjected to
or witnessing violence, with certain
rights, e.g., to file complaints and to
have those complaints resolved?

children.
Have policies and implementing
regulations been effected to
prohibit all corporal punishment of
children?
of or subjected to violence?
Describe.
key gaps?


legislation.
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Eliminating Violence Against Children"
Click HERE for access to the ISPCAN/UNICEF Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST) for
Click HERE for access to the "Virtual Knowledge Center to End Violence Against Wo
90
Policy Context Tool
CHILDREN WITHOUT ADEQUATE FAMILY CARE OR ALTERNATIVE CAR

CRC Article 9, 20 and 25 Provisions Is the country's approach contained
States Parties shall ensure that a
child shall not be separated from
legislation?
his or her parents against their
will, except when competent
authorities subject to judicial
review determine, in accordance
with applicable law and
procedures, that such separation is
necessary for the best interests of
the child. Such determination may
be necessary in a particular case
such as one involving abuse or
neglect of the child by the parents,
or one where the parents are living
separately and a decision must be
made as to the child's place of
residence.
In any proceedings pursuant to

paragraph 1 of the present article,
all interested parties shall be given
an opportunity to participate in the
proceedings and make their views
known.

conventions, particularly the Hague
Convention on Intercountry
Adoption?
States Parties shall respect the

right of the child who is separated
from one or both parents to
maintain personal relations and
direct contact with both parents on
a regular basis, except if it is
contrary to the child's best
interests.

possible.
91
Policy Context Tool

Where such separation results
from any action initiated by a State
Party, such as the detention,
imprisonment, exile, deportation or
death (including death arising
from any cause while the person is
in the custody of the State) of one
or both parents or of the child, that
State Party shall, upon request,
provide the parents, the child or, if
appropriate, another member of
the family with the essential
information concerning the
whereabouts of the absent
member(s) of the family unless the
provision of the information would
be detrimental to the well-being of
the child. States Parties shall
further ensure that the submission
of such a request shall of itself
entail no adverse consequences for
the person(s) concerned.

A child temporarily or permanently

deprived of his or her family
environment, or in whose own best
interests cannot be allowed to
remain in that environment, shall
be entitled to special protection
and assistance provided by the
State.
Does the legislation include

provisions to place a child in a
alternative care after a child is
orphaned, abandoned or separated
from parents?
States Parties shall in

accordance with their national
laws ensure alternative care for
such a child. Such care could
include, inter alia, foster
placement, kafalah of Islamic
law, adoption or if necessary
placement in suitable
institutions for the care of
children. When considering
solutions, due regard shall be
paid to the desirability of
continuity in a child's
upbringing and to the child's
ethnic, religious, cultural and
linguistic background.
Does policy treat children

92
Policy Context Tool

States Parties recognize the
right of a child who has been
placed by the competent
authorities for the purposes of
care, protection or treatment of
his or her physical or mental
health, to a periodic review of
the treatment provided to the
child and all other
circumstances relevant to his or
her placement.
Does policy grant rights to children

without adequate family care, e.g.,
access to public schools, health
services, and similar areas?
Declaration on the Social and Legal Does

Principles
the legislation
Relating to
provide
the Protection
for any and Welfare of Children (c
services to children without
adequate family care? Does it
promote or discourage the
placement of children in alternative
care based on principles of
necessity and adequacy? Describe.
Guidelines for the Altenative Care ofAre
Children
there traditional
(click for text,
laws,
search for document A/RES/64/142)
legislation.
Optonal Protocol for the Convention Against Torture (click for access to text)
U.N. Resolution on the Plight of Street

Does
Children
the legislation
(click forpromote
text)
or
discourage the prevention of family
separation?
CHILD MOBILITY AND TRAFFICKING

CRC Articles 11 and 35 Provisions
States Parties shall take measures
to combat the illicit transfer and
non-return of children abroad.
To this end, States Parties shall
promote the conclusion of bilateral
or multilateral agreements or
accession to existing agreements.

legislation?
conventions?
93
Policy Context Tool

appropriate national, bilateral
and multilateral measures to
prevent the abduction of, the
sale of or traffic in children for
any purpose or in any form.
Convention on the Elimination of
All Forms of Discrimination
Against Women (Art. 6)
appropriate measures, including
legislation, to suppress all forms of
traffic in women and exploitation
of prostitution of women.

possible.
Optional CRC Protocol on the Sale ofDoes

Children,
the policy
Childprovide
Prostitution
for explicit
and Child Pornography (click for
rights for children who have been
exploited, e.g., exemptions from
prosecution?
The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and

Does
Punish
the policy
Trafficking
include
inprovisions
Persons, Especially Women and Childre
covering extradition, repatriation,
and reintegration of trafficked
children?
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition

Does policy
of Slavery,
treat children
the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practic
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International
Does policy provide
Child Abduction
for services
(click
to for text)
trafficked children, including
preventive services for those at risk?
Describe.
UN Resolution on Traffic in Women and Girls (click for text)
key gaps?

legislation.
94
Policy Context Tool

WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Child Trafficking: A Handbook for Parliamentar

Click HERE for access to "Profiting From Abuse"
COMMERCIAL SEXUAL EXPLOITATION

in a single child sexual abuse
States Parties undertake to
legislative package, or is policy
protect the child from all forms encompassed in a variety of
of sexual exploitation and
legislation?
sexual abuse. For these
purposes, States Parties shall in
particular take all appropriate
national, bilateral and
multilateral measures to
prevent: (a) The inducement or
coercion of a child to engage in
any unlawful sexual activity; (b)
The exploitative use of children
in prostitution or other
unlawful sexual practices; (c)
The exploitative use of children
in pornographic performances
and materials.
Optional CRC Protocol on the Sale
Does
of Children,
the legislation
Child on
Prostitution
child sexual
and Child Pornography (click
abuse explicitly reference the
Child or other conventions?
95
Policy Context Tool

Convention on Worst Forms of Child
Describe
Laborany
(click
significant
for text)departures
possible.
Stockholm Declaration and Agenda
Is there
for Action
an active
(click
policy
for text)
dialogue
Yokohama Global Commitment (click
Doesfor
child
text)
sexual abuse policy treat
children differently depending on
race, ethnicity, gender, nationality,
religion, or other status? Note
UN Resolution on Traffic in Women

Does
and
the
Girls
legislation
(click for
grant
text)children
at risk of sexual abuse, or subjected
to or witnessing sexual abuse, with
certain rights, e.g., to file
complaints and to have those
complaints resolved?
children.
of or subjected to sexual abuse?
Describe.
Does the legislation, procedures,
implementing regulations and other
measures require processes and
protocols that protect the
confidentiality of children under
cases of abuse? Are those
approaches implemented, and is
implementation effective?
96
Policy Context Tool

key gaps?
legislation.
CHILDREN AND JUSTICE

Convention on the Rights of the Child
Is theArticles
country's
37approach
and 40 (click
contained
for text)
legislation?
International Covenant on Civil and
Does
Political
the legislation
Rights, Article
explicitly
10 (click for text)
Rights of the Child or Other
Conventions?
Guidelines on Justice in Matters Involving

Describe any
Child
significant
Victims and
departures
Witnesses of Crimes (ECOSOC Reso
of legislation from the CRC or other
conventions or instruments. Cite
details if possible.
UN Standard Minimum Rules on Is there an active policy dialogue

the Treatment of Prisoners,
Article 85 (2)
Young untried prisoners shall
be kept separate from adults
on the ground?
and shall in principle be
detained in separate
institutions.
UN Rules for the Protection of Juveniles
Are national
Deprived
legislation
of Their
and
Liberties (click for text)
regulations specified with respect to
definitions of violations and
associated consequences?
97
Policy Context Tool

UN Guidelines for the PreventionIsofnational
Juvenilelegislation
Delinquency
and(click for text)
regulations specific with respect to
the handling of juvenile cases, and
are appropriate standards in place
for handling and processing child
cases?
UN Standard Minimum Rules forDo
thechildren
Administration
have theofright
Juvenile
to legal
Justice (click for text)
representation and/or assistance in
matters that affect them? If so,
what is the actual access to legal
representation?
Guidelines for Action on ChildrenIsinthe
theaccess
Criminal
of children
Justice System
to legal(click for text)
representation or remedies affected
by a child's race, ethnicity, gender,
religion, nationality, or other
status?
CRC General Comment No. 10 onDo

Children's
children Rights
have the
in right
Juvenile
to Justice (click for text)
approach the justice system for
legal remedies, e.g., in custody or
abuse cases?
describe the reporting mechanism
available to children.
Do children who are illegally in the

country have access to legal
representation?
Are there services in place (e.g.
specialized representation,
interpretation and translation) for
children who may not speak the
language being used by the courts?
In criminal cases, are there
alternatives to incarceration, and if
so, what is their overall availability
to children? Are those services
specified in legislation? Where
available, do the courts or other
agencies utilize those alternatives?
Are the courts and other criminal

justice institutions trained
effectively in procedures and
approaches that ensure that a given
child's interaction with the system
(whether as victim, witness, suspect,
incarcerated or under supervision,
or in need of protection) is handled
in a sensitive way?
98
Policy Context Tool

Does the court system have
adequate administrative databases
to track the status of each child in
the justice system at each stage of
the justice process?

key gaps?
legislation.
99
Policy Context Tool
CHILD PROTECTION IN EMERGENCIES AND ARMED CONFLICTS

Child Article 39
appropriate measures to promote
physical and psychological recovery
and social reintegration of a child
victim of: any form of neglect,
exploitation, or abuse; torture or
any other form of cruel, inhuman
or degrading treatment or
punishment; or armed conflicts.
Such recovery and reintegration
shall take place in an environment
which fosters the health, selfrespect and dignity of the child.

legislation?
Optional Protocol to the Convention Does

on the
the
Rights
legislation
of theexplicitly
Child on the involvement of children in ar
conventions?
Rome Statute of the International
Criminal Court (Art. 8)

Prohibits the conscripting or
enlisting of children under the age documentation for more details if
of 15
possible.
Convention on Worst Forms of Child Is
Labor
there(click
an active
for text)
policy dialogue
UN Security Council Resolution 1612
Does
on children
the policy
in explicitly
armed conflict
provide
(click for text)
protection for displaced children,
refugees, or children separated by
conflict?
Are
(click
Resolution
for text)1882 mechanism for
triggering reporting on child rights
violations in situations of conflict
(e.g., killing, maiming or sexual
violence against children) included
in the policy and legislation of the
country?
Does
on children
the policy
in explicitly
armed conflict
address
(click for text)
reintegration of children affected by
armed conflict?
100
Policy Context Tool

Does
on children
policy treat
in armed
children
conflict (click for text)
Does
on children
the legislation
in armed
provide
conflict
for(click
any for text)
services to children affected by
armed conflict? Describe.
UN Security Council Resolution 1314 on children in armed conflict (click for text)
UN Security Council Resolution

1261 on children in armed conflict
(click for text)
Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement

Are there(click
satisfactory
for text)
implementing
key gaps?
Are there military directives
regarding the recruitment of
children? Are they consistent with
the provisions of global
conventions?
Inter-Agency Guidelines in Emergencies
Please
(click
prioritize
for text)
the policy agenda
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to: "Machel Study 10-Year Strategic Review: Children and Confl
Click HERE for access to: "The Impact of Conflict on Women and Girls in West and Ce
Click HERE for access to: "No Guns, Please: We are Children!"
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the citati
and data? Why was some data used and not others? Are any of the above findings controversial, and w
101
Policy Context Tool
System Building Priorities
There are seven major elements which go towards building an effective child protection system (see Us
are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Laws, Policies, Standards and Regulations

Cooperation, Coordination and Collaboration
Capacity Building
Service and Service Delivery Mechanisms
Communication, Education and Mobilization for Change
Financial Resources
Accountability Mechanisms
Please identify 3-5 priorities at most in the following categories (not 3-5 in each), which are the ones d
to this section (from a system building standpoint).
A. Laws, Policies, Standards and
Regulations
B. Cooperation, Coordination and

Collaboration
C. Capacity Building
D. Service and Service Delivery

Mechanisms
102
Policy Context Tool

E. Communication, Education and
Mobilization for Change
F. Financial Resources
G. Accountability Mechanisms
H. Other
103
Policy Context Tool
NG AND ASSESSMENT
ntext Tool
ding many policies that are not specifically child

sive of the policy context (in the ways it
This tool outlines the system's policy context, and
tting that in national perspective. If a category
EWORK
Response
Response
104
Policy Context Tool
ey stakeholders? Select from picklist below as

cessary in cells marked 'Other.'
Other: (specify):
ation, dates of passage and areas covered

Child Protection Areas Covered
ting or streamlining laws to improve the child

n definitions sufficiently outlined and precise?
Note Inconsistencies Between
Provisions/Definitions That Require
Resolution (noting both global and national
contexts) or Specific Definitional Issues
105
Policy Context Tool
ICY ASSESSMENT
oss cutting and holistic way, it is also important

those policies correspond to the global rights
ons draw an explicit link between the specific
ection. Hyperlinks to many relevant
llowed by a dialogue on protection areas that
h a single child protection policy and associated
ugh a minimum number of coordinated policy
106
Policy Context Tool
WORK
107
Policy Context Tool
108
Policy Context Tool
bour, Affirming Rights"
CTICES
109
Policy Context Tool
armful Traditional Practice"

N/CUTTING
110
Policy Context Tool
111
Policy Context Tool
CY CONTEXT
112
Policy Context Tool
ittee on the Rights of the Child on "Indigenous Children and their Rights Under the Conv
CHILDREN AND SEVERE NEGLECT
113
Policy Context Tool
114
Policy Context Tool
ittee on the Rights of the Child on "The Right of the Child to Protection from Corporal Pu
ence Against Children"
creening Tool (ICAST) for Children Manual
End Violence Against Women and Girls"
115
Policy Context Tool
RE OR ALTERNATIVE CARE
116
Policy Context Tool
117
Policy Context Tool
FICKING
118
Policy Context Tool
119
Policy Context Tool
ittee on the Rights of the Child "Treatment of Unaccompanied and Separated Children O
ndbook for Parliamentarians"
g From Abuse"
OITATION
120
Policy Context Tool
121
Policy Context Tool
CE
122
Policy Context Tool
123
Policy Context Tool
124
Policy Context Tool
ND ARMED CONFLICTS
125
Policy Context Tool
eview: Children and Conflict in a Changing World "
and Girls in West and Central Africa and the UNICEF Response"
se: We are Children!"
sessment. What are the citations for key reports

e findings controversial, and why?
126
Policy Context Tool
ties
hild protection system (see Users' Guide). They
in each), which are the ones deemed applicable
127
Policy Context Tool
128
Data for Decisionmaking Tool

COUNTRY NAME
1(e). Data for Decisionmaking (Public Accountability) Tool
UNICEF Child Protection Strategy References (Click here to access docume
Accountability in child protection covers three core areas. The first two are (i) data collection; and (ii)
analysis and communication. These activities are important so that these children can be made visible
key ways. First, improved administrative systems can help those engaged in child protection to track t
individual children, to aggregate system data at local, regional and national levels, and (in the most so
systems) to undertake individual case management in certain service areas. Second, effective policy m
evaluation, driven off of reliable data and clear analysis, can help to make the case for enhancing the c
agenda, can play a role in improving policy and legislation, and can identify the most effective child pr
mechanisms in a given country or region. The third area is quality standards (covered in Tools 2a/b).
clear benchmarks by which the system's programs, projects and services are to be assessed. This tool
various ways that the child protection system demonstrates accountability. It separates data collection
analysis and development. If a category or question is Not Applicable (N.A.), please record N.A.
ORGANIZATION OF CHILD PROTECTION DATA, INFORMATION, AND POLICY DEVELOPM
In the following section, outline the primary agencies responsible for (i) data collection and manag
protection relevant areas; and (ii) the development of policies directly related to child protection. Incl
availability of any databases on children receiving child protection services. Please indicate the capac
agencies collecting, monitoring, evaluating and utilizing child protection data and information:
ABSENT: there is no agency responsible, or if there is, it is not performing its data collection and evalu
LIMITED CAPACITY: data collection, monitoring and evaluation is being conducted to a very limited e
MEDIUM CAPACITY: data collection, monitoring and evaluation is being conducted, but with substant
HIGH CAPACITY: data collection, monitoring and evaluation is of generally high quality, with limited g
Organizational Mapping
Primary government agencies responsible (e.g.,
Department of Statistics)
CAPACITY RATING:
Other key government agencies responsible (Ministry
departments, agencies, etc.)
CAPACITY RATING:
Domestic organizations or agencies responsible,
including universities and civil society organizations.
CAPACITY RATING:
Multilateral and/or bilateral organizations that collect
and evaluate child protection relevant data and
information.
CAPACITY RATING:
129
Monitoring, Collection and

Management of Data and
Information

Recent collaborative efforts between government, nongovernmental, multilateral and/or bilateral
organizations.
CAPACITY RATING:
International NGO efforts.
CAPACITY RATING:
Does the Government contract out child protection
specific data collection or research using its own
budget? Describe.
CAPACITY RATING:
Civil society and/or community led data collection and
evaluation initiatives.
CAPACITY RATING:
Note and describe any efforts to consult with children
on child protection.
CAPACITY RATING:
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Guidelines for Sampling Orphans and Vulnerable Children: To Estim
Click HERE for access to "The Child Development Index: Holding governments to account for
Click HERE for access to "Minimum Standards for Consulting With Children"
Click HERE for access to "Developing Indicators for the Protection, Respect and Promotion of
Data and Information Sources: General
Dates of most recent Poverty Assessment for country
and next planned.
Dates of most recent MICS for country and next

planned
Dates of most recent Demographic and Health Survey

and next planned
130
Response

Dates of most recent Poverty Reduction Strategy, if any,
and next planned
Dates of most recent survey on Children in the Labor

Force, if any, and next planned
Dates and titles of any other child protection relevant

household surveys, most recent and forthcoming
Dates and titles of key child protection relevant

research, most recent and forthcoming.
Note and describe any indices that have been produced

that have a direct bearing on child protection, e.g. a
child rights index, a child well being index, etc.
Is there an education management information system
in place in the country? If so, does it yield any useful
data for child protection (e.g., indicators of violence
against children)?
Is there a health information system in place in the
country? If so, does it yield any useful data for child
protection (e.g., indicators of violence against
children)?
Data and Information Sources: Specific Themes
Response
Describe the system (including specialized databases, surveys, administrative data, case management
collecting and managing data and information in the following areas:
Birth Registration
Harmful cultural practices (FGM/C, child marriage,
discrimination)
Physically/sexually abused/psychologically
abused/severely neglected children
Children without adequate family care or alternative
care
Child labor
Child Mobility and Trafficking
Commercial sexual exploitation
Children and justice
131
Child protection in emergencies/armed conflict

Other child protection areas (describe)
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE to learn more about the Inter-Agency Database to facilitate child/family tracing a
Click HERE to access "Developing Indicators for the Protection, Respect and Promotion of the
Click HERE to access "Stop Guessing: A Guide to Monitoring and Evaluation for Community a
Overall Assessment of Child Protection Policy Development and Plannin

Is policy and practice development (including
budgeting) based on evidence from research,
evaluation and other forms of learning? Note any
strengths or gaps.
Is child protection relevant analysis provided regularly
to key decision-makers and policy making institutions,
such as the ministry or agencies responsible for
developing child protection policy?
Is there a national research agenda on child protection
issues, which identifies priorities for improving data on
child protection problems, key risk factors, and
providing evidence on 'what works,'?
Is there an agency that represents the primary source
for knowledge, good practices, innovations and lessons
learned on child protection? Describe its overall
effectiveness.
Are data gathered to examine how legislation is (or is
not) harmonized with the Convention on the Rights of
the Child (CRC)? Please note any critical data gaps
with respect to CRC harmonization.
Is child protection analysis openly and readily
available to the broader public?
Are there examples where child protection evaluation

is used to demonstrate impact and replicate successful
approaches? Is the cost effectiveness of various child
protection interventions being assessed? Describe.
Are gender analyses relevant to child protection
conducted?
If a country is in an emergency context, assess the

collaboration between public and/or external agencies
in evaluating information on children at risk.
132
Child Protection Data and Information: Coverage
AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED! Please note that the following child protection indicators are rate
collection priorities for the country (if NOT being currently collected) in the Risk Profile worksheet. I
no priorities were indicated. Otherwise, the priorities will appear below.
Demographic and Macroeconomic Indicators
Child Poverty Indicators
HIV/AIDS
Birth Registration
Child Labor and Child Work
Child Marriage
133
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
Physically, Sexually and Psychologically Abused and Severely Neglected Chil
Child Mobility and Trafficking (Inc. Commercial Sexual Exploitation)
134
Landmines, Explosive Remnants of War, Cluster Munitions
135
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the ci
reports and data? Why was some data used and not others? Are any of the above findings controve
They are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Financial Resources
applicable to this section (from a system building standpoint).
A. Laws, Policies, Standards and Regulations
B. Cooperation, Coordination and Collaboration
D. Service and Service Delivery Mechanisms
136

E. Communication, Education and Mobilization for Cha
H. Other
137
ASSESSMENT
ntability) Tool
to access document)
a collection; and (ii) research,

can be made visible in a number of
protection to track the cases of
and (in the most sophisticated
d, effective policy monitoring and
for enhancing the child protection
st effective child protection
red in Tools 2a/b). These establish
assessed. This tool outlines the
rates data collection from policy
e record N.A.
POLICY DEVELOPMENT
ollection and management in child

hild protection. Include the
e indicate the capacity of the
information:
collection and evaluation mandate

d to a very limited extent
d, but with substantial gaps
ality, with limited gaps
Evaluation and Policy
Development, Including
Research
138
Children: To Estimate the Size and Characteristics of OVC Populations"
nts to account for childrens wellbeing" (Save the Children UK)
ng With Children"
and Promotion of the Rights of the Child in the European Union"
Response
139
Response
case management systems, etc.) for
140
d/family tracing and reunification, DDR, and other vulnerable children's programs
d Promotion of the Rights of the Child in the European Union"
n for Community and Faith Based Organizations Working with Children affected by HIV/AIDS"
ment and Planning
141
erage
n indicators are rated '4' or '5' as

Profile worksheet. If cells are blank,
appear below.
tors
142
ly Neglected Children
native Care
al Exploitation)
143
nflict
Munitions
144
nt. What are the citations for key

e findings controversial, and why?
ction system (see Users' Guide).
which are the ones deemed
145
146
CHILD PROTECTION SUMMARY CHARTS AND TABLES

COUNTRY NAME
OVERALL COUNTRY STATUS
Total Population (thousands)
Under 5 mortality rate
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Primary school enrollment ratio, net
Children (0-17) orphaned by all causes (000s)
% of population below US$1.25/day
%< 1 receiving measles vaccinations
MDG Status
4
3
2
1
0
Key: blank = no information, 1= off track, 2= possible if changes made, 3 =

on track, 4 = achieved.
CHILD PROTECTION INDICATORS

Birth Registration (Date)
Global Regime
Convention on Rights of the Child
Non-Party
Optional Protocol on Sale of Children

Opt'l Protocol - Children Armed Conflict
Non-Party
Non-Party
70.0%
CEDAW
Non-Party
65.0%
Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention
Non-Party
60.0%
Hague Convention -Intercountry Adoption
Non-Party
ILO Minimum Age Convention
Non-Party
Child Labor (Date)
75.0%
100.0%
50.0%
N/A or
0%
0.0%
Ch ild labor (5-14 years) total
Children With Disability (Date)
Attitudes Towards Domestic Violence (Date)
Child Marriage (Date)

100.0%
80.0%
60.0%
40.0%
20.0%
0.0%
100%
Child marriage, total Child marriage, urban Child marriage, rural
100.0%
80.0%
60.0%
40.0%
20.0%
0.0%
80%
60%
40%
20%
N/A or
0%
0%
Children with dis abilities , total
Sources: UN Statistics Division, MDG Monitor, Toolkit entries
40.0%
20.0%
0.0%
Child marriage, total Child marriage, urban Child marriage, rural
80.0%
60.0%
40.0%
20.0%
0.0%
60%
40%
20%
N/A or
0%
0%
Children with dis abilities , total
CHILD PROTECTION INDICATORS (CON'T)

Primary Enrollment (Date)
Survival rate to last primary grade (Date), survey
1000.0%
800.0%
600.0%
400.0%
200.0%
0.0%
1
Social workers per 100,000 population as of assessment
Net Secondary Enrollment (Date)
200.0%
80.0%
150.0%
60.0%
100.0%
40.0%
50.0%
20.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Number of Missing Indicators Deemed Priority During Mapping E
FGM/C (Date)
1200%
1000%
800%
600%
400%
200%
0%
10
8
6
4
2
0
Central Level Sub-national Level Local Level
r (Date)
otal
Date)
Date)
ing Mapping Exercise
Structures, Functions and Capacities Tool

COUNTRY NAME
2(a). Overall System Structures, Functions and Capacities Too
UNICEFs Child Protection Strategy describes the importance of working with social welfare ministries
the national child protection system. The Strategy supports strengthening the national capacity for st
including to determine the cost of needed services. It also supports efforts to improve the quality and
professionalization of social work. It is particularly important to strengthen current partnerships and
ones to develop, coordinate and support common approaches to child protection programming.
This tool presents some general, cross cutting questions on the structure, functions and capacities of t
protection system. It is followed (IB, IC, etc.) by more detailed tools to assess the capacity of key playe
These tools may be easily copied or deleted, depending on the number needed, by 'right clicking' on th
bottom of the screen. There are separate tools for mapping and assessing community level governance
question is Not Applicable (N.A.), please record N.A.
UNICEF Child Protection Strategy References (Click here to access docum

CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM: NATIONAL LEVEL
Provide an organogram showing the structure of the child protection system horizontally (across agencies and ac
(from the national to the local level). This should ideally be produced through a discussion by all stakeholders, as
of the system and the basis for much of the mapping. Note that instead of using the chart below given the level o
likely to emerge, it is possible to (i) create an organogram in Word or another program; (ii) save it as a PDF file; (
Insert tab above, and then click on 'Object'; and (iv) insert the PDF file, which can be resized to fit this space.
Overall Organization of Child Protection System
OVERALL COORDINATION AND OVERSIGHT

I. Structures
1. Describe the structure of national, sub-national and
local governance in the country, giving each level its
proper name (e.g., province, district, county) and the
number of each.
a. Is there a Parliamentary or other oversight body on
child protection?
-- What is the history of that oversight body?
151
Response

-- What are the body's responsibilities?
-- Who is represented in the body?
-- How many permanent staff and of what types?
-- How often do they meet?
-- What is the overall impact of the body? Outline its
strengths and weaknesses.
b. Is there an inter-ministerial mechanism that
coordinates child protection activities? What is its
structure, governance and location? Does the
organization play a coordinating, standard setting,
monitoring, or oversight role in child protection?
-- What is the history of that organization? Who are the
members?
-- What are the organization's responsibilities?
-- Who is represented in the body? Does it include civil
society representatives, and which ones?
-- Are the roles and responsibilities of the participating
agencies defined?
-- How many permanent staff and of what types?
-- How often do they meet?
-- What is the overall impact of the organization? Outline its
strengths and weaknesses.
c. Are there sub-national inter-agency bodies that
coordinate child protection policies or activities?
-- Who are the members, and what are their responsibilities
and activities?
c. Are there local inter-agency bodies that coordinate
child protection policies or activities?
-- Who are the members, and what are their responsibilities
and activities?
e. Describe the role of multilateral and bilateral agencies
in child protection.
-- Which multilateral and bilateral organizations are strongly
engaged in child protection?
-- How is their work coordinated? How effective is that
coordination?
-- How often do they meet on child protection?
152

-- Is child protection referenced in the UN Development
Assistance Framework or similar inter-agency document?
THEMATIC LEVEL COORDINATION
The purpose of the following section, which maps out the current country coordination around issues,
for thematic working groups, but rather to show the current state of affairs. Please map the current wo
assess the current state of affairs of these groups with respect to thematic or issue level coordination (
existing groups that might be in place on children without adequate family care, birth registration, ha
practices (FGM/C, child marriage, discrimination), child labor, child trafficking, commercial sexual exp
children and justice, and child protection in emergencies and armed conflict. Following this section, y
opportunity to outline an optimal model for coordination that covers the entire child protection system
specific sub-issues or groups that are absolutely necessary to continue or develop.
Issue
Question
Membership in Inter-Agency
Working Group. What is its
mandate? Does this group
operate at the national, subnational and/or local level?
Which agency is the lead
coordinator?
Working Group Name:

Note agreements reached,
strategies and action plans
Strengths
Gaps
operate at the nationa, subnational and/or local level?
coordinator?
Working Group Name:
Strengths
Gaps
153

Working Group . What is its
mandate? Do these groups
coordinator?
Working Group Name:

Strengths
Gaps
coordinator?
Working Group Name:

Strengths
Gaps
OPTIMIZING COORDINATION IN CHILD PROTECTION
DRAWING ON THE ABOVE, PLEASE DEVELOP AN OPTIMAL MODEL FOR COLLABORATION IN CHILD
CONSIDER AN APPROPRIATE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION TO DEVELOP THE MODEL. FURTHER,
OPTIONS AROUND (I) USING AN EXISTING OR NEW WORKING GROUP, COUNCIL, AGENCY OR SIMIL
ORGANIZATION TO COVER ISSUES RELATED TO THE ENTIRE CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM; (II) DEV
WORKING GROUPS TO COVER SPECIFIC ISSUES SUBORDINATED TO THAT ORGANIZATION; AND (II
STREAMLINING THE OVERALL NUMBER OF WORKING GROUPS, TASK FORCES, ETC. TO THE MINIM
THAT WILL HAVE THE GREATEST EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT.
Please describe the overall optimal approach to child
protection system coordination. How would the different
actors would relate to one another (overall authorities,
accountabilities and responsibilities)?
154

Please describe how the country might transition from its
current coordination arrangements to more of the
'optimal' model. Who would need to be consulted? How
would that consultation take place?
PROPOSED COORDINATION MECHANISM
NAME AND MANDATE
National level coordinating mechanism in child

protection
National level mechanisms to coordinate work on specific
issues (note relationship to overall coordinating
mechanism. Insert additional rows for every mechanism
listed).
Sub-national coordinating mechanisms in child
protection (insert additional rows as needed).
Community/local coordinating mechanisms in child
protection (insert additional rows as needed).
ACCOUNTABILITY TO INDIVIDUALS
Are there accountability mechanisms in relation to the
performance of various parts of the system (e.g., a
Childrens Ombudsman or Commissioner; complaints
procedures for individual services)?
If there is an Ombudsman/Commissioner for Children's
Rights or equivalent, please respond to the following
questions:
a. Are there children's ombudsmen or equivalents at
the national, sub-national and/or local levels? To
whom do they report and how often?
b. Have the ombudsmen received training to carry out
their function?
c. Are the ombudsmen services fully independent and
adequately resourced?
d. Does the ombudsman have independent
investigative capacity and the power of subpoena?
e. Is the public aware of the ombudsman's functions
and how to make complaints?
f. Is there evidence that the complaints procedure is
effective?
Is there a confidential help line for children or other
confidential services where children can seek help and
advice? Briefly explain.
Are the accountability provisions of the Optional Protocol
of the Convention Against Torture being observed? Note
any issues or gaps.
155

Is there any independent (non-governmental/civil society)
monitoring and reporting of how the child protection
system is performing? Briefly explain.
SOCIAL PROTECTION AND CHILD PROTECTION
Is there a cash social protection system (social insurance,

social assistance, health equity funds, community
insurance schemes, transfers and related policies) in
place, and is child protection incorporated within that
system?
Is there any coordination between cash and non cash
programs, and non-cash services and programs that
target children in need of protection (e.g., a 'one-stop
shop' covering cash and non-cash social services for
children)? Briefly explain.
Is there any direct or indirect inclusion of children in the social protection in the program? Click HER
HUMAN RESOURCES
Human Resources: General
Question
Descriptive Response
What are the professional titles commonly used to
describe those performing social work?
Is there a definition (in training or other institutions or in
policy) on the professional responsibilities of each type of
professional performing social work listed above, the
skills and training required, and/or the standards to
which social workers will be held accountable?
When people use the words 'social worker,' or any of the
titles listed above, do they mean somebody who is
professionally qualified to perform social work?
Is there a certification or licensing process for social
workers and other professionals who work within child
protection? Describe the process to be certified or
licensed. What are the main gaps in the process and
requirements?
Describe any programs in place to train education
workers (such as teachers), health professionals and/or
other professionals on abuse, violence and exploitation?
Do those programs include techniques for recognizing
signs of abuse, procedures for handling such cases, and
information on where to turn?
Social Work Training
Question
Do any universities or public institutions have degree
programs in social work? If so, does the curricula include
courses on social services, developmental issues,
protective and preventive topics, and therapeutic
interventions? Describe.
156

If there are university programs, are they delivered
through a Faculty, Department, Division or similar entity
that has its own distinct identity, organization, staff and
faculty, etc.? Describe. Are there both graduate and
undergraduate programs?
What are examples of the types of qualifications of the
faculty working in university schools of social work? Is
there a social work research program in place at the
university, and do faculty actively take part in that
program?
Note any key gaps in the curricula or quality of university
schools of social work.
Are there any public institutes or similar organizations
that provide social work training, including courses on
social services, developmental issues, protective and
preventive topics, and therapeutic interventions? What is
their target group (NGOs? Public sector?)
What is the quality of social work training being provided
through public institutes or similar organizations? Is
there a particular focus area or areas? Note any key gaps
in curricula, etc.
Are there any private institutes or similar organizations
that provide social work training, including courses on
social services, developmental issues, protective and
preventive topics, and therapeutic interventions?
What is the quality of social work training being provided
through private institutes or similar organizations? Note
any key gaps in curricula, length and quality of training,
etc.
Do students in social work have the opportunity to take
courses in psychology, child development, developmental
disabilities, investigation, and other related areas?
Describe the availability and quality of such training.
Do any of the above programs include high quality
practical fieldwork placements (e.g., internships with
social service providers) as a part of their curricula?
Describe, e.g., the extent to which they occur, the quality
and supervision of internships, etc.
Please provide some general observations on where
graduates of the above programs secure employment.
Are the skills being provided in their training being
utilized? How important is their degree in securing
employment?
Do any schools have international cooperation
agreements or partnerships with schools abroad in order
to strengthen their social work programs? Please note.
When lawyers are being trained, is there anything in their
curricula about children and justice? Are there
continuing education programs for lawyers in the area of
children and justice?
Approximate numbers of graduates each year
University schools of social work (undergraduate)
University schools of social work (graduate)
Public institutes or equivalent
157
Women

Private schools of social work
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to social work school standards developed by the International Associa
KEY SYSTEMIC ISSUES IN CHILD PROTECTION
Child protection systems in most countries are engaged in alternative family placements for numerous
children, from those who have lost both biological parents and other close relatives to children in need
protection. The goal for every child should be a well functioning system that aims at durable solutions
reunification, kinship care, or adoption/kafalah. The reality in many countries is that related systemic
weak or absent, or that informal payments and corruption can lead to risks for children including insti
and trafficking. The Hague Convention on Inter-Country Adoption is a useful blueprint for countries c
systemic implications of alternative family placements, as it provides a framework for determining the
the child, while also aiming at durable solutions administered through strengthened child welfare syst
ADOPTION/KAFALAH
Click HERE to access UNICEF's position on Inter-country Adoption.
Click HERE to access an ISS/IRC fact sheet on Kafalah
Click HERE for access to the article "The Islamic View on Adoption and Caring for Homeless Chil
Question
NUMBER OF CHILDREN PLACED UNDER
ADOPTION/KAFALAH (NOTE MOST RECENT YEAR OF
DATA AT RIGHT:_____ )
OF WHICH, DOMESTIC PLACEMENT
OF WHICH, INTER-COUNTRY PLACEMENT
HOW MANY CHILDREN (ESTIMATE PERCENTAGES IF
DATA NOT AVAILABLE) ARE PLACED IN RESIDENTIAL
INSTITUTIONS AFTER FOSTER CARE?
In general, are decisions related to the adoption/kafalah

of children made with reference to the best interests of
the child? Are Best Interest Determination procedures
for removal, placement and permanency planning in place
and observed?
Are different options for caring for a child only
considered when a childs biological parents are
unavailable, unable or unwilling to care for him or her?
Are efforts made to place children whose biological
parents are unable/unwilling to care for them, in a
permanent placement with close relatives or with
adoptive parents in the same community/country?
Are there significant, for profit operations working in the
area of inter-country adoption/kafalah? Is there evidence
of widespread improper financial gain?
Is there evidence of the sale of children, coercion of
parents, bribery, abduction of children or other similar
actions in the area of inter-country adoption/kafalah?
Are pre- and post- adoptive services, training and
preparation of families and children available?
Is there a national registry of all adoption agencies? Are
all adoption cases recorded in single files and do they
feed into a national database?
158
Adoption if practiced

What is the role of the courts, judiciary or other
competent authorities in authorizing national or intercountry adoption/kafalah? Does inter-country
adoption/kafalah enjoy the same safeguards and
standards as domestic adoption/kafalah?
If the country is a party to the Hague Convention on
Inter-country Adoption, note how the country is
progressing on the Convention provisions.
Have any studies been conducted on the outcomes of
children placed in adoption? Please provide the
reference and note any key findings not outlined above.
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Children and Islam," co-authored by Al-Azhra University and UNICE
FOSTER CARE AND RESIDENTIAL CARE

Question
HOW MANY CHILDREN IN TOTAL ARE CURRENTLY IN
FOSTER CARE PLACEMENT?
HOW MANY FOSTER FAMILIES ARE THERE?
WHAT IS THE CAPACITY OF THOSE FAMILIES TO
FOSTER CHILDREN (HOW MANY COULD BE
FOSTERED)?
DATA NOT AVAILABLE) ARE REUNITED WITH THEIR
FAMILY AFTER FOSTER CARE?
DATA NOT AVAILABLE) ARE ADOPTED AFTER FOSTER
CARE?
DATA NOT AVAILABLE) FIND INDEPENDENT LIVING
ARRANGEMENTS AFTER FOSTER CARE?
DATA NOT AVAILABLE) RUN AWAY OR ARE
UNACCOUNTED FOR AFTER FOSTER CARE?
DATA NOT AVAILABLE) ARE PLACED IN RESIDENTIAL
INSTITUTIONS AFTER FOSTER CARE?
DATA NOT AVAILABLE) ARE PLACED IN FOSTER CARE
AFTER RESIDENTIAL CARE?
UNACCOUNTED FOR AFTER FOSTER CARE?
HOW MANY CHILDREN IN TOTAL ARE CURRENTLY IN
RESIDENTIAL CARE?
HOW MANY RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS FOR
CHILDREN ARE THERE?
WHAT IS THE TOTAL (BED) CAPACITY FOR
RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS FOR CHILDREN?
159
Response

DATA NOT AVAILABLE) ARE REUNITED WITH THEIR
FAMILY AFTER RESIDENTIAL CARE?
DATA NOT AVAILABLE) ARE ADOPTED AFTER
RESIDENTIAL CARE?
HOW MANY (ESTIMATE PERCENTAGES IF DATA NOT
AVAILABLE) CARE LEAVERS FIND INDEPENDENT
LIVING ARRANGEMENTS AFTER RESIDENTIAL CARE?
UNACCOUNTED FOR AFTER RESIDENTIAL CARE?
Question
Is permanency planning an integral service component
for all children in out-of-home placement? Are such
plans updated on a regular basis?
How are foster parents recruited, screened, and trained?
Is there a national registry of foster families and
prospective foster families?
Are foster homes monitored once children are placed in
the homes? If so, how frequently are homes monitored,
and by whom?
Is foster care used as a temporary or long term
placement? What is the average length of placement?
Are children placed in foster care only after attempts are
made to support and strengthen the child's biological
family?
Are foster parents reimbursed for caring for children?
What is the reimbursement rate?
Is assistance provided to families after a child returns
home from foster care?
What assistance is provided to an adolescent when he or
she leaves foster care to live independently?
Are children placed in foster homes geographically near
their biological families? Is it possible for the child to
remain connected with school, friends, and biological
family?
children placed in foster care? Please provide the
Are there residential care facilities for children under
three, and if so, are ther plans to reform or change them?
What about facilities for children older than three?
Are placements made in alternative care facilities based
on an assessment of the child's needs and best interest,
and considering the principles of necessity and
appropriateness?
How are residential care facility staff recruited, screened
and trained?
Are residential homes monitored once children are placed
in the homes? If so, how frequently are homes
monitored, and by whom?
Is residential care used as a temporary or long term
placement? What is the average length of placement?
160

Are children placed in residential care only after attempts
are made to support and strengthen the child's biological
family?
Is assistance provided to families after a child returns
home from residential care?
What assistance is provided to an adolescent when he or
she leaves residential care to live independently?
Are children placed in residential homes geographically
near their biological families? Is it possible for the child
to remain connected with school, friends, and biological
family?
children placed in residential care? Please provide the
KINSHIP CARE
Click HERE to access "Kinship Care: Providing Positive and Safe Care for Children Living Away F
Formal Kinship Care (roll
over this cell for definition)
NUMBER OF CHILDREN PLACED IN KINSHIP CARE, IF
KNOWN OR ESTIMATED (NOTE MOST RECENT YEAR OF
DATA AT RIGHT:_____ ). IF NOT KNOWN, IS IT POSSIBLE
TO ESTIMATE THE ROUGH PERCENTAGE OF CHILDREN
WITHIN KINSHIP CARE ARRANGEMENTS WHO WOULD
BE IN INFORMAL OR FORMAL ARRANGEMENTS?
Is there legislation or policy in place to support kinship
care? If so, is the legislation consistent with the best
interests of the child?
Is there a system to register kinship carers and the
children under their care? Are kinship carers and the
children otherwise monitored, and is there a care plan in
place for the children?
Do children and families with kinship care arrangements
receive any package of care and support, whether
financial or through available services? Describe.
Are there mechanisms in place to formalize informal
kinship care arrangements?
Describe any issues with respect to the quality of care
provided under kinship care formal or informal
arrangements.
HIV/AIDS AND CHILD PROTECTION
HIV/AIDS has a specific bearing on child protection systems in the following ways: (i) it is increasing th
Question
161

Are there national level efforts to coordinate responses to
HIV/AIDS, and have those generated recommendations
for the child protection system?
Are there programs in place (e.g., cash transfer
programs, job creation programs, conditional or
otherwise) to increase the economic resiliency of
households affected by HIV/AIDS?
Are child protection programs well-coordinated with
HIV/AIDS programs? For example, are they able to
identify children and families affected by HIV/AIDS and to
identify and refer those families to the appropriate
support?
Are programs available that help children, families and
communities to prepare ahead of time for the loss of a
parent or parents to HIV/AIDS (downstream care
planning for children, preparation of wills and
inheritance arrangements, grief counseling etc.).
Are prevention and psychosocial programs for children
aware of the specific risks, needs and interventions for
children affected by HIV/AIDS?
Are child protection programs generally HIV/AIDS
sensitive, or HIV/AIDS exclusive? Do they single out
children affected by HIV/AIDS, or do they address
HIV/AIDS as part of a spectrum of risks?
Are children living with/affected by HIV/AIDS permitted
to attend school? What measures are taken to guarantee
and oversee their access to education?
Are there programs in place to support child-care
capacities, especially with the HIV/AIDS related increases
in child headed households and children without family
care (e.g., household management, caring for younger
siblings, budgeting and accessing services)?
To what extent do HIV-positive mothers have access to
prevention of mother-to-child transmission measures? Do
the children born to them have access to early diagnosis
of HIV? Do children living with HIV/AIDS have access to
anti-retroviral medication?
In general, how are HIV positive children cared for? Are
they often segregated or placed in residential care or do
efforts exist to care for them within their own or a
substitute family?
Has a situation analysis on children affected by HIV/AIDS
been prepared? Does it have findings relevant for the
child protection system? If not, is there other country
level research on HIV/AIDS with findings relevant for
child protection?
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to the General Comment by the Committee on the Rights of the Child o
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE

Overall Coordination
162
Question
Which Government ministry or agency has the lead
responsibility for emergency planning and response? Is
there a national level child protection coordinating
structure specifically for the pre-emergency, emergency
or transition context?
Is there an overall emergency contingency plan? Who is

responsible for updating it? Which ministry or agency
takes the lead to ensure that child protection issues are
taken into account in the plan? Is child protection
adequately covered in the plan?
What is the strategy to deliver services within a child
protection system framework? Which ministry or agency
is responsible for the strategy?
Describe the strategy for delivering services to refugees
and internally displaced children. Which ministry or
agency is responsible for the strategy?
What would be the role of non-governmental
organizations in delivering services in emergencies?
Awareness of Child Rights
Describe the role of each of the following in raising
awareness of child's rights and the need for child
protection in emergencies
1. Government
2. Communities and families
3. Civil society organizations
4. Police
5. Armed forces
Pre-Emergency Training
Describe the child protection training (pre-emergency)
offered for each of the following categories
1. Government
2. Communities
163

3. Civil society organizations
4. Police
5. Armed forces
164
Sources
reports and data? Why was some data used and not others? Are any of the above findings controversia
are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Communication, Education and Mobilization for Social Change
Financial Resources
to this section (from a system building standpoint).
B. Service and Service Delivery Mechanisms
E. Communication, Education and Mobilization for

Change
165

H. Other
166
SSESSMENT
apacities Tool
welfare ministries to strengthen

nal capacity for strategic planning,
e the quality and
partnerships and convene new
ramming.
and capacities of the overall child

pacity of key players in the system.
ht clicking' on the tabs at the
y level governance. If a category or
access document)
VEL
ss agencies and actors) and vertically

all stakeholders, as it defines the scope
ow given the level of detail that is
e it as a PDF file; (iii) click on the
o fit this space.
em
HT
Response
167
168
n around issues, is not to advocate

ap the current working groups and
vel coordination (examples include
h registration, harmful cultural
mercial sexual exploitation,
ing this section, you will have the
protection system as well as
Response
169
ON
ATION IN CHILD PROTECTION.

ODEL. FURTHER, CONSIDER
GENCY OR SIMILAR
SYSTEM; (II) DEVELOPING
ZATION; AND (III)
C. TO THE MINIMUM NUMBER
170
POTENTIAL MEMBERS
171
ION
Strengths/Weaknesses
172
Men
173
national Association of Schools of Social Work
ON
nts for numerous categories of

o children in need of care and
durable solutions such as
related systemic elements are
en including institutionalization
nt for countries considering the
determining the best interests of
child welfare systems.
Adoption.
ah
or Homeless Children" (1999)

Kafalah if practiced
174
versity and UNICEF (2005)

Source/Date of Information
175
176
ren Living Away From Home"

Informal Kinship Care (roll
over this cell for definition)
it is increasing the burden on child protection systems through increasing the number of children and fam
177
ts of the Child on "HIV/AIDS and the Rights of the Child."
NSE
178
179
180
What are the citations for key

dings controversial, and why?
on system (see Users' Guide). They
ich are the ones deemed applicable
181
182
Primary Ministry Mapping Tool

COUNTRY NAME
2(b)(i). Primary Ministry Mapping Tool
The users should create a Ministry mapping sheet for each primary Ministry responsible for child prot
country (using the appropriate Ministry label for each sheet). Note that there is a special Tool for Chil
which can be adapted to most country contexts, and which covers ministries with justice and interior r
Note also the Tools for mapping secondary ministries that do not have a core child protection function
and education.
This tool allows for a comprehensive mapping and assessment of the structure, functions, capacity and
a given ministry in delivering its child protection functions. The answers to many of the questions shou
first column the formal responsibilities and requirements for the ministry. The second column should p
strengths and gaps in the system as it currently operates in practice. If a category or question is Not A
please record N.A.
NAME OF MINISTRY:
Provide an organogram of the Ministry, emphasizing the parts of the organization that are responsible for child pr
activities. Include the national/sub-national/local levels, if applicable. Note that instead of using the chart below,
create an organogram in Word or another program; (ii) save it as a PDF file; (iii) click on the Insert tab above, and
'Object'; and (iv) insert the PDF file, which can be resized to fit this space.
Ministry Mapping and Assessment

Question
Formal Responsibilities
or Requirements
I. STRUCTURES
Describe the coordination between this

Ministry and other national ministries and
agencies in the area of child protection.
Which of the Ministry's subsidiary units
(departments, agencies, etc.) at the national
level have responsibility for child protection?
Describe any sub-national level of the
Ministry, and its relationship to the national
level.
Describe any local level of the Ministry, and
its relationship to the sub-national/national
level.
183
Strengths/Weakn

What infrastructure (administrative,
programmatic, residential facilities, etc.) does
the Ministry maintain for child protection on
the national, sub-national and local levels?
Is there legal provision for the Ministry to
contract out for services? If so, does the
Ministry contract for services? Which type of
services are contracted out? What are the
strengths and gaps in the contracting
process? What are the strengths/gaps in
monitoring the contracted services?
II. FUNCTIONS
Describe the Ministry's overall formal
mandate
Describe the Ministry's mandate specifically
in the area of child protection. If the
mandate specifies specific categories of
children, note how the mandate does so for
each category.
Children Served
Identify the main groups of children for whom the Ministry has child protection responsibility, or note
has no responsibility. For those categories for which the Ministry is responsible, identify how many ch
category there are in country (if known) and how many are directly served by the Ministry (if known), i
served by organizations working under contracts financed by the Ministry and/or that report to and/or
the Ministry.
Does Ministry have
Approximate number of
child protection
children in category in
Category
responsibility?
country
Birth registration
Child labor
Harmful cultural practices (child marriage,
FGM/C, gender discrimination)
Physically abused/sexually
abused/psychologically abused/severely
neglected children
Children without adequate family care or
alternative care
Child mobility and trafficking
Child protection in emergencies/armed
conflict
Other:
Preventive Services
Question
Are social assessments conducted of
communities to determine the service needs
of children and families?
Nature of Service
Provided
184
Number of children
receiving service and
gaps in coverage

Describe any preventive activities, programs,
services or benefits that are provided?
Identification/Assessment/Investigation
Question
Describe how children in need of protection
are identified, assessed and/or investigated as
appropriate.
How identification,
assessment and/or
investigation are
conducted
Number of children
identified and note any
gaps
Protective Response
Category
Describe any remedial activities, programs,
services or benefits that are provided
Describe Ministry's role

in protective response
Describe the existing

capacity in protective
response
Standard Setting
Category
Does the Ministry set standards for the child
protection services for which it has
responsibility (including prevention
programs, remediation programs that assist
children in their communities or own homes,
decision making processes to place children
in out of home settings, and out of home
placements including kinship, foster care,
adoptions, and institutions). Does it respond
to standards set by other ministries or
organizations? Are sanctions or incentives
regularly used?

capacity to set
standards, and note how
Describe Ministry's role frequently and well that
in setting standards
they are monitored
Registration (Licensing)
Category

in registration
185

capacity to register

Does the Ministry certify that facilities or
programs meet standards, and does the
Ministry register individuals and institutions
to undertake child protection functions for
which it has responsibility?
What kinds of programs are
registered/licensed?
What happens to facilities or programs that

are not registered or licensed, or that do not
meet standards?
Replication
Question
Are there pilot projects (such as in
prevention, gate-keeping, or protective
response) that will be replicated beyond the
initial pilots?
Describe the program, Describe the number of

the Ministry's role, and children involved and
the amounts/sources of the number of localities
funding
and/or regions involved
III.
CAPACITIES
Human Resources: Staff

How many staff are assigned specifically to
child protection work in the Ministry
Managers
Administrative/Clerical
Service Delivery Personnel
-- Social Workers
- of which, female
- of which, male
-- Supervisors/Inspectors
-- Educators
-- Others
Social workers per 100,000 population
(automatically generated)
Describe any staffing patterns related to
emergency planning activities, if any.
Central Level
Sub-national Level
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
Note any expected changes in the total

numbers of staff and how they are to be
dedicated to jobs within child protection over
the next year
Question
Are there job descriptions and job skills
requirements for positions within child
protection? Are these requirements adequate
for the work to be performed?
186
Strengths/Weakn

Are staff properly assessed during the hiring
process? Do the staff performing professional
jobs in child protection have the skills that
are formally required?
Where do (non-social worker) staff work? Are
there particular program areas that absorb
larger numbers of staff?
Where do social work staff work?
Are there codes of conduct for professional
staff engaged in child protection?
Where are staff deployed geographically?
Note any rural/urban disparities or other subnational disparities.
Describe staff turnover and the reasons for
turnover in different areas of child protection.
Does the organization have a program to
increase the number of trained staff within
child protection? If so, how will those staff be
trained?
IV. MINISTRY'S ACCOUNTABILITY
Question
Are there performance accountability
mechanisms within the Ministry?
What are the fiscal accountability
mechanisms within the Ministry? What are
the strengths and gaps in fiscal accountability
and
oversight?
Are there
feedback mechanisms for
Strengths/Weakn
beneficiaries and consumers of services?

Are clients and their families involved in
service delivery, program design, or program
evaluation?
EMERGENCY CONTEXTS
Question
Describe the Ministry's mandate, if any, for
children in emergencies. If there is a
mandate, please continue with the questions
below.
Describe the connections and coordination

between this Ministry and other national
ministries and agencies in the area of
children in emergencies.
Is there an overall emergency contingency or
preparedness plan? What role does the
Ministry play in the contingency/preparedness
planning process?
In an emergency or transition context, does
the Ministry strategy include actions to
develop services within a child protection
framework ("building back better")?
How does the Ministry coordinate emergency
planning with multilateral and bilateral
agencies?
planning with civil society organizations?
187
Strengths/Weakn

planning with donors?
planning with other Government ministries
and agencies?
Does the Ministry involve informal
community-based child protection efforts in
the pre-emergency planning process?
What back-up mechanisms are in place if the
Ministry is unable to fulfill its emergency
mandate (e.g., destruction of facilities,
casualties among key staff).
188
Pre-Emergency Functions
Identify the role played by the Ministry in the following pre-emergency activities.
Question
or Requirements
Strengths/Weakn
1. Joint Assessment
2. Transition Planning
3. Development of Policy Guidelines
4. Interpretation and Contribution to
Technical Guidelines
5. Development of Operating Procedures
6. Promotion of International and National
Standards
7. Ensuring Existing Legislation Include
Provisions for Emergencies
8. Raising Awareness of Child Rights and the
Need for Child Protection
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the c
189
SMENT
child protection in the

ol for Children in Justice,
interior responsibilities.
function, such as health
pacity and accountability of

tions should present in the
n should present the
n is Not Applicable (N.A.),
or child protection related

hart below, it is possible to (i)
above, and then click on
hs/Weaknesses
190
y, or note that the Ministry

many children in that
known), including children
to and/or are mandated by
Approximate number
served directly by
Ministry (see above)
Note any efforts to

address gaps in capacity
to undertake prevention
191
Note any efforts to

to undertake
identification,
assessment and/or
investigation
Note any efforts to

Note any efforts to

to set standards
Note any efforts to

to register
192
Describe the gaps to be

filled for there to be
national coverage
Local Level
#DIV/0!
hs/Weaknesses
193
hs/Weaknesses
hs/Weaknesses
194
195
ctivities.
hs/Weaknesses
are the citations for key

s controversial, and why?
196
Secondary Ministry Mapping Tool

COUNTRY NAME
2(b)(). Secondary Ministry Mapping Tool
The users should create a Ministry mapping sheet for each secondary Ministry (e.g., health, education
child protection in the country (using the appropriate Ministry label for each sheet). Note that there i
Children in Justice, which can be adapted to most country contexts, and which covers ministries with ju
responsibilities.
This tool allows for a simple mapping and assessment of the structure, functions, capacity and account
secondary ministry in delivering its child protection functions. A secondary ministry does not have ch
core function or mandate, but it does play some role in overall promotion, prevention, and response in
protection sector. The answers to many of the questions should present in the first column the formal
and requirements for the ministry. The second column should present the strengths and gaps in the sy
currently operates in practice. If a category or question is Not Applicable (N.A.), please record N.A.
NAME OF MINISTRY:
Ministry Mapping and Assessment
Question
or Requirements
I. STRUCTURES
Describe any coordination between this

agencies in the area of child protection
(abuse, neglect, exploitation, abandonment of
children).
Ministry and non-governmental partners
(INGOs, NGOs, religious organizations,
bilateral or multi-lateral donors) specifically
in the area of child protection.
level have responsibility for child protection?

level.

its relationship to the sub-national/national
level.
II. FUNCTIONS
mandate
197
Strengths/Weakn

Describe the Ministry's mandate specifically
in the area of child protection. For example,
does a health ministry manage, oversee or
license residential institutions or other
programs for disabled children? Is the
education ministry responsible for child
protection related curricula, or incorporating
identification, prevention, and/or response
mechanisms in schools?
Children Served
Identify the main groups of children for whom the Ministry has child protection responsibility, or note
has no responsibility. For those categories for which the Ministry is responsible, identify how many ch
category there are in country (if known) and how many are directly served by the Ministry (if known), i
served by organizations working under contracts financed by the Ministry and/or that report to and/or
the Ministry.
Does Ministry have
Approximate number of
child protection
children in category in
Category
responsibility?
country
Birth registration
Child labor
Harmful cultural practices (child marriage,
FGM/C, gender discrimination)
Physically abused/sexually
abused/psychologically abused/severely
neglected children
Children without adequate family care or
alternative care
Child protection in emergencies/armed
conflict
Other:
Preventive Services
Question
Describe any preventive activities, programs,
services or benefits that are provided?
Nature of Service
Provided
Number of children
receiving service and
gaps in coverage
Identification/Assessment/Investigation
How identification,
assessment and/or
investigation are
conducted
Number of children
identified and note any
gaps
Describe how children in need of protection

are identified, assessed and/or investigated as
appropriate.
Protective Response
Category

198

capacity in protective
response

Describe any remedial activities, programs,
services or benefits that are provided,
including residential care and other services.
Standard Setting
Category
Does the Ministry set standards for the child
protection services for which it has
responsibility? Does it respond to standards
set by other ministries? Are sanctions or
incentives regularly used?

capacity to set
standards, and note how
Describe Ministry's role frequently and well that
in setting standards
they are monitored
Registration (Licensing)
Category
Does the Ministry certify that facilities or
programs meet standards, and does the
Ministry register individuals and institutions
to undertake child protection functions for
which it has responsibility?

in registration

capacity to register
What kinds of programs are

registered/licensed?
What happens to facilities or programs that
are not registered or licensed, or that do not
meet standards?
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the c
199
SMENT
ducation) responsible for

at there is a special Tool for
ies with justice and interior
d accountability of a given
ot have child protection as a
sponse in the child
he formal responsibilities
in the system as it
rd N.A.
hs/Weaknesses
200
y, or note that the Ministry

many children in that
known), including children
to and/or are mandated by
Approximate number
served directly by
Ministry (see above)
Note any efforts to

to undertake prevention
Note any efforts to

to undertake
identification,
assessment and/or
investigation
Note any efforts to

201
Note any efforts to

to set standards
Note any efforts to

to register
are the citations for key

202
Ministry Priorities Tool
2(b)(). Ministry Priorities Tool

Use this tool to capture the findings from the Ministry or ministries that you have mapped and asses
2(b). There are seven major elements which go towards building an effective child protection system
Users' Guide). They are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Financial Resources
Please identify 3-5 priorities at most in the following categories (not 3-5 in each), which are the one

Regulations

Collaboration
D. Service and Service Delivery

Mechanisms


H. Other
m Building Priorities
Ministry or ministries that you have mapped and assessed in

o towards building an effective child protection system (see
on
on for Social Change
owing categories (not 3-5 in each), which are the ones deemed
ng standpoint).
Children and Justice Tool

COUNTRY NAME
2(c)(i). Children and Justice Tool
Note: Please answer the questions that are relevant to system relating to children and justice. If a cat
question is Not Applicable (N.A.), please record N.A. Please note that in this tool, the term "children a
refers to four different categories of children who may come into contact with the justice system in diff
children in conflict with the law, child witnesses, children in need of care and protection, and child vict
Provide an organogram of the children and justice sector. Include the national/sub-national/local levels, if applica
instead of using the chart below, it is possible to (i) create an organogram in Word or another program; (ii) save it
click on the Insert tab above, and then click on 'Object'; and (iv) insert the PDF file, which can be resized to fit thi
NAME OF MINISTRY WITH LEAD JUSTICE ROLE:

Question
or Requirements
I. STRUCTURES/FUNCTIONS

mandate.
What is the mandate of this ministry with
respect to children in conflict with the law?
What is the mandate of this Ministry with
respect to child witnesses?
respect to child victims?
respect to children in need of care and
protection?
respect to other children (describe
categories).
207
Strengths/Weakne

level have responsibility for children and
justice?
level.
its relationship to the provincial level.
Is there legal provision for the Ministry to
contract out for services? If so, does the
Ministry contract for services? Which type
of services are contracted out? What are the
strengths and gaps in the contracting
process? What are the strengths/gaps in
monitoring the contracted services?
What infrastructure does the Ministry
maintain for children and justice on the
national, sub-national and local levels?
II. CAPACITIES
How many staff are dedicated specifically to
children and justice work in the Ministry
(relabel as necessary)
Department Staff
Court Personnel, Including Judges
Service Delivery Personnel
-- Social Workers
- of which, female
- of which, male
-- Others
dedicated to jobs within children and justice
over the next year
Question
requirements for positions working with
children and justice? Are these
requirements adequate for the work to be
performed?
Central Level
Describe the system of training of judicial

personnel, especially judges. Note any
strengths and gaps, particularly as they
might relate to children and justice.
Where do social work staff work within the
Ministry?
208
Sub-national Level
Strengths/Weakne

turnover in different areas of children and
justice.
NAME OF SUPREME COURT OR EQUIVALENT: __________

or Requirements
I. STRUCTURES/FUNCTIONS
Question
Strengths/Weakne
Describe the court's mandate with respect to

the process of reviewing constitutional
provisions, legislations and decisions
relevant to child protection.
Does the court have a secretariat or other
administrative support body? What is its
general role?
Describe the court's role with respect to
judicial appointments. If there are
children's courts, describe how the court
selects those judges, and using what
criteria.
How many judges are there at the central,
sub-national and local levels?
If there are children's courts, how many are
there? If not, how many courts are 'child
friendly?" Specify the strucure used, and
indicate how many courts are being or will
be adapted to hear children's cases.
How many children's judges (if present) are
there at the central, sub-national and local
levels?
Is there a program to increase the number
of judges and/or children's judges?
Describe.
NAME OF MINISTRY
Question
WITH LEAD INTERIOR/HOME AFFAIRS ROLE:
or Requirements
I. STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

mandate.
protection?
categories)?
209
Strengths/Weakne

justice?
level.
its relationship to the provincial level.
national, sub-national and local levels?
II. CAPACITIES
Department Staff
Police Personnel
Prisons Personnel
Social Workers
Probation staff
Others
over the next year
Question
requirements for positions within children
and justice? Are these requirements
adequate for the work to be performed?
Central Level
Are staff properly assessed during the hiring

process? Do the staff performing
professional jobs in children and justice
have the skills that are formally required?
Are there codes of conduct for professional
staff engaged in children and justice?
Where are staff deployed geographically?
Note any rural/urban disparities or other
sub-national disparities.
Does the organization have a program to
increase the number of trained staff within
children and justice? If so, how will those
staff be trained?
Describe the training system for police,
particularly noting any training in the area
of children and justice. Note strengths and
gaps.
Describe the training system for prison and
probation staff, particularly noting any
training in the area of children and justice.
Note strengths and gaps.
How are police deployed?
210
Sub-national Level
Strengths/Weakne

How are prison and probation pesonnel
deployed?
justice.
211
NAME OF MINISTRY WITH LEAD SOCIAL WELFARE ROLE:

Question
or Requirements
I. STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS
Strengths/Weakne

protection?
categories)?
agencies in the area of children and justice.
justice?
II. CAPACITIES
Department Staff
Social Workers
Counselors and Psychologists
Others
over the next year
Question
requirements for positions within children
and justice? Are these requirements
adequate for the work to be performed?
Central Level
Sub-National Level
Strengths/Weakne
Where do social work staff work?

justice.
national, provincial and local levels?
Sector Overview
Overview of Formal Organizations Engaged Briefly Describe the Overall Effectiveness of the Agency i
in Children and Justice
Implementing its Children and Justice Mand
Courts, include appellate mechanisms
Prosecutor's offices
Public defenders
212

Police agencies
Remand homes (note if children in need of
care and protection are segregated from
children in conflict with the law, access to
legal representation and psycho-social
support, etc.)
Incarceration: prisons that mix adults and
children (note if children are detained with
adults or segregated, and if there is any
oversight body to protect incarcerated
children and defend their rights).
Incarceration: facilities for children only
Probation system
Bar associations and legal aid societies
Other children and justice agency (name:
_______)
Other children and justice agency (name:
_______)
Overview of Informal Children and Justice
Mechanisms (do any of the following have a
role in children and justice issues?)
Community or village courts
Briefly Describe the Overall Effectivenes
Community or village elders

Community or tribal councils (are children
ever participants in these councils?)
Local religious leaders and organizations
Extended kinship/clan networks
Non-governmental organizations
Incarceration and alternatives to
incarceration
Non-governmental or civil society
organizations at the local level
Other informal justice mechanism (name:
_______)
Other informal justice mechanism (name:
_______)
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

Formal System Assessment
Briefly Describe the Overall Effectiveness in Overseeing a

its Child Protection Mandate
Does the legislation on children and justice

explicitly reference the Convention on the
Rights of the Child and/or other
conventions?
213

Describe any significant departures of
children and justice legislation and
regulations from the CRC or other
conventions or instruments. Cite source
documentation for more details if possible.
Is there an active policy dialogue underway
to address the above departures? Would
legislative or regulatory change make a
meaningful change in the situation on the
ground? Describe.
Are national legislation and regulations
specific with respect to definitions of child
violations and associated consequences?
Is national legislation and regulations
specific with respect to the handling of child
cases, and are appropriate standards in
place for handling and processing child
cases?
Do children have the right to legal
representation in matters that affect them?
If so, what is the actual access to legal
representation? Which children have access
(children in conflict with the law, witnesses,
children in need of care and protection,
certain categories of violations, etc.)?
Is corporal punishment legally recognized as
an offense under the law, for both adults and
children?
Is the access of children to legal
representation or remedies affected by a
child's race, ethnicity, gender, religion, or
other status?
Do children have the right to approach the
justice system for legal remedies, e.g., in
custody or abuse cases?
If the answer to the above is 'yes,' describe
the reporting mechanism available to
children.
Is there a protection system for children
who are witnesses? Describe.
Is there a protection system for children
who are victims? Describe.
What diversion mechanisms are in place,
and are those specified in legislation?
Where available, do the police or other
individuals or agencies utilize those
alternatives?
In criminal cases, are there alternatives to
incarceration, and if so, what is their overall
availability to children? Are those services
specified in legislation? Where available, do
the courts or other agencies utilize those
alternatives?
214

Are the courts and other criminal justice
institutions trained effectively in procedures
and approaches that ensure that a given
child's case is handled in a sensitive way,
e.g., when children are witnesses or victims
of abuse?
Does the court system have adequate
administrative databases to track the status
of each child in the justice system at each
stage of the justice process?
Describe the process of the civil and
administrative proceedings on child
immigration matters, particularly those
relating to status in country and potential
deportation. What are the strengths and
weaknesses of those proceedings?
Describe the system of the civil and
administrative proceedings on best interests
determinations. What are the strengths and
weaknesses of those proceedings?
Informal System Assessment

Response
Is there a significant informal system in place that handles children and justice issues? If so, continue
questions below. Note that there can be multiple informal systems in a single country, e.g., where diffe
communities have significantly different approaches to children and justice. In those cases, additional
pasted to capture the different elements of the informal justice system in different communities and co
cases, it would be helpful to label clearly each section where a different informal context is being desc
Describe the nature of the community that
is employing the informal mechanisms
towards children and justice.
Describe any community mediation
mechanisms that are employed by local
elders, chieftains, or other persons of
authority.
mechanisms that are employed by local
'courts,' arbitration groups, protection
committees, and similar approaches.
mechanisms that are employed by
representatives of religious orders.
mechanisms that are employed by extended
kinship networks, clans, or similar kinship
groups.
Describe community-level civil society
mechanisms that are being employed.
Describe any other informal mechanisms
that are being employed in the children and
justice area.
Are the community practices in conformity
with the principles of the CRC or other
conventions/instruments? Describe any
departures.
If there are departures from the CRC,
describe any efforts underway to address
those departures.
215

Describe the interface between the formal
sector outlined above and community-based
mechanisms. For example, does the
community handle the bulk of all children
and justice issues? At what point, if any,
does the state intervene?
Specifically, are there community
mechanisms that serve the function of
diversion?
Are children ever detained outside of the
formal system at the community level?
Describe, including the type and stage of
detention.
What is the balance between collective and
individual rights at the community level, as
reflected in community justice mechanisms?
What does this imply for protection of the
child's rights?
Are there aspects of the informal system
that better address a child's rights than the
formal system, for example, with respect to
reporting of abuse? What about the other
way around?
WANT TO LEARN MORE?

Click HERE for access to the General Comment by the Committee on the Rights of the Child on "Childr
Click HERE for access to the "Diversion and Alternatives Toolkit," which includes an outline of a system
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the ci
reports and data? Why was some data used and not others? Are any of the above findings controver

There are seven major elements which go towards building an effective child protection system. They
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Financial Resources
216

Regulations

Collaboration.

H. Other
217
SSMENT
ce. If a category or
"children and justice"
stem in different ways:
d child victims.
ls, if applicable. Note that

m; (ii) save it as a PDF file; (iii)
zed to fit this space.
hs/Weaknesses
218
Local Level(s)
hs/Weaknesses
219
__
hs/Weaknesses
S ROLE:
hs/Weaknesses
220
Local Level(s)
hs/Weaknesses
221
222
LE:
hs/Weaknesses
Local Level(s)
hs/Weaknesses
he Agency in Overseeing and

ustice Mandate
223
ffectiveness
verseeing and Implementing

ndate
224
225
o, continue on to the
where different
additional rows can be
ities and contexts. In those
being described.
226
on "Children's' Rights in Juvenile Justice."

of a systemic approach to the related issues.
t are the citations for key

em. They are:
the ones deemed
227
228
Justice Process Tool

COUNTRY NAME
2(c)(ii). Justice Process Tool
Please describe the roles and responsibilities of each key actor at each stage of the justice process (from arrest to post detention) and for
child (child in conflict with the law, victims, witnesses, or children in need of care and protection, e.g. from abuse). Note any strengths an
Rename the names of the key ministries and agencies as appropriate by retyping in those cells. If a category or question is Not Applicabl
record N.A.
CHILDREN IN CONFLICT WITH THE LAW

PROCESS
MINISTRY (JUSTICE)
MINISTRY (INTERIOR)
ARREST AND
INVESTIGATION
INCLUDING SOCIAL
ENQUIRY REPORT
DIVERSION (BEFORE
AND AFTER PRETRIAL
DETENTION), e.g., to
social services, to family
PRETRIAL DETENTION
229
COURTS
CIVIL SOCIETY
ORGANIZATIONS
THE COURT PROCESS
DETENTION AFTER
SENTENCING AND/OR
ALTERNATIVES TO
DETENTION
POST DETENTION
INCLUDING PROBATON
CHILD WITNESSES
PROCESS
MINISTRY OF JUSTICE
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
RECOGNITION OF
CHILD AS WITNESS
(how are the child's
needs as a witness
recognized?)
230
MINISTRY OF SOCIAL
AFFAIRS
CIVIL SOCIETY
ORGANIZATIONS
INVESTIGATION AND
SOCIAL ENQUIRY
HANDLING OF CHILD
DURING JUDICIAL
PROCESS (e.g.,
protection, privacy)
CHILD VICTIMS
PROCESS
MINISTRY OF JUSTICE
RECOGNITION OF
CHILD AS VICTIM (how
are child's needs as a
victim recognized?)
INVESTIGATION AND
SOCIAL ENQUIRY
HANDLING OF CHILD
AS VICTIM BEFORE
AND DURING JUDICIAL
PROCESS
231
MINISTRY OF SOCIAL
AFFAIRS
CIVIL SOCIETY
ORGANIZATIONS
HANDLING OF CHILD
AS VICTIM AFTER
JUDICIAL PROCESS
CHILDREN IN NEED OF CARE AND PROTECTION

PROCESS
MINISTRY OF JUSTICE
RECOGNITION OF
CHILD IN NEED OF
CARE AND
PROTECTION
INVESTIGATION AND
SOCIAL ENQUIRY
HANDLING OF CHILD
DURING THE
ASSESSMENT PROCESS
PROTECTION OF CHILD
WHILE DECISIONS ARE
BEING MADE ABOUT
THE CHILD
JUDICIAL PROCESS
(e.g., child placement
decisions)
232
MINISTRY OF SOCIAL
AFFAIRS
CIVIL SOCIETY
ORGANIZATIONS
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the citations for key reports and data? W
used and not others? Are any of the above findings controversial, and why?

There are seven major elements which go towards building an effective child protection system (see Users' Guide). They are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Financial Resources
Please identify 3-5 priorities at most in the following categories (not 3-5 in each), which are the ones deemed applicable to this section (f
building standpoint).

Collaboration
233


H. Other
234
on) and for each category of

trengths and weaknesses.
t Applicable (N.A.), please
OTHER
235
OTHER
236
OTHER
237
OTHER
238
nd data? Why was some data
s section (from a system
239
240
Community Structures, Functions and Capacities Tool

COUNTRY NAME
2(d). Community Structures, Functions and Capacities Too
Note: This tool maps and assesses the community capacity to respond to child protection needs. It sh
community leaders, community based groups, grassroots organizations, local religious groups, etc., an
requested) note the interface with formal structures (e.g., government offices at the local/community l
the questions that are relevant. Please note that Tool 2(b) will reflect some of the formal functions in
are handled at the community/local level. If a category or question is Not Applicable (N.A.) to that org
record N.A. If the organization is not a Ministry, the question text may need to be edited accordingly.
Provide an organogram of a 'typical' child protection system at the community level. Note that instead of using
possible to (i) create an organogram in Word or another program; (ii) save it as a PDF file; (iii) click on the Inser
click on 'Object'; and (iv) insert the PDF file, which can be resized to fit this space.
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Children at the Centre: A Guide to Supporting Community Groups C
Question
Response
I. STRUCTURES
Describe which level(s) of community is being

mapped and assessed by this tool (village,
commune, etc.).
Provide geogrpahic and other relevant
information on the above question. Is the level
being mapped and assessed typical for the
nation as a whole? A particular region?
Particular cultures in various regions? Etc.
Describe the key community players in child
protection at the community level.
What referral mechanisms are in place at the
community level? How well do those
mechanisms function?
241
Strengths/Wea

What authority and accountability structures
are in place at the local level that have a
bearing on those working in child protection?
Describe any local coordinating mechanisms for
those working in child protection.
Is there coordination between local community
structures and local/national (formal)
government structures? Does the formal sector
support and/or finance the informal sector in
any way?
Describe any family mediation/extended kinship
mediation at the community level
Describe any alternative dispute resolution
mechanisms that are available within the
community.
Describe any local justice mechanisms that fall
outside of the formal (state) sector that have a
bearing on child protection.
II.
Are the following typically present at the
community level?
A lead agency in child protection coordinating
the work of community, government, civil
society and others
CAPACITIES
Response
Strengths/Wea
Strengths/Wea
Child Protection Committee (if not the above)

A secretary or other local official for women and
children
A child 'protection' unit of the local police
Advocacy Groups (womens', childrens', youth)
Religious leader(s) involved in the child
protection system (key decisions concerning
children, advocacy, services)
Kinship or clan structures that are actively
engaged in decisions related to child protection
(dealing with abuse, child placement issues,
etc.)
Health worker(s) trained in child protection,
prevention, identification, and response
Education worker(s) trained in child friendly
schooling and school related child protection
issues
Community development officer, magistrates,
police or equivalent supporting child protection
activities
Local civil society organizations active in child
protection
National civil society organizations actively
engaged at local level
Networks of volunteers (estimates of how
many?)
Other agencies/actors at local level
Question
242

What kind of training is provided to community
actors in the child protection sector?
Is that training widely available?
Generally speaking, why do some communities

appear to respond more effectively to child
protection issues than others?
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the citat
and data? Why was some data used and not others? Are any of the above findings controversi
are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Financial Resources
this section (from a system building standpoint).
243

E. Communication, Education and Mobilization
for Change
H. Other
244
SMENT
s Tool
s. It should focus on
etc., and also (as
munity level). Please answer
ons in child protection that
hat organization, please
dingly.
of using the chart below, it is

he Insert tab above, and then
ace.
roups Caring for Vulnerable Children"
hs/Weaknesses
245
hs/Weaknesses
hs/Weaknesses
246
he citations for key reports

troversial, and why?
(see Users' Guide). They
e ones deemed applicable to
247
248
Civil Society and Public Accountability Tool

COUNTRY NAME
2(e). Civil Society and Public Accountability Tool
This tool maps and assesses the role of civil society organizations in responding to child protection issues. These organizations include internatio
organizations (INGOs), national non-governmental organizations (NGOs), faith-based organizations, community-based organizations, trusts, found
organizations, support groups, and similar organizations or groups that operate in the child protection arena. Please answer the questions that ar
may be many civil society organizations operating in the country, please focus on the activities of the major ones on the national and local levels.
Not Applicable (N.A.), please record N.A.
Question
Response
I. STRUCTURES
A. LINKAGES
i. National Level
Is there an entity within Government
which oversees civil society
organizations working in child
protection? If so, what are its
functions and responsibilities?
Strengths and weaknesses?
Is there a procedure to license or
register civil society organizations that
directly care for children? Is licensing
and/or registration required? If so,
how successful is the procedure in
licensing and/or registering civil
society organizations? Is there
information on the percentage of civil
society organizations licensed and/or
registered? At what levels does
licensing and/or registration occur
(national, subnational)? Are licensed
organizations regularly monitored?
249

Is there overall coordination among
the civil society community in the area
of child protection? Describe, and
note.
How do the Government and civil
society organizations coordinate on
national level child protection policy,
legislative, or programming areas?
What are the coordination and
partnerships between multilateral and
bilateral agencies and civil society
organizations in the area of child
protection?
Generally speaking, is there local
ownership of civil society activities in
child protection or do they tend to be
'donor driven'?
Describe the role of media in civil
society (specifically with respect to
child protection). Are there key actors
in media who play a positive role, and
are there opportunities for
strengthening the role of media in the
child protection arena?
Is there an estimate on how many civil
society organizations are active in
child protection in the country? Has
there been any mapping of the civil
society organizations? If so, what
findings are relevant for child
protection?
250

Has there been any assessment of the
quality of performance of civil society
organizations in child protection,
and/or of the ability of civil society
organizations working in child
protection to set and monitor quality
standards? If so, what were the
findings?
ii. Sub-national Level
Is there coordination among civil
society organizations working in child
protection at the sub-national level?
Describe the nature of the
coordination and its effectiveness.
iii. Local Level
Is there coordination among civil
society organizations working in child
protection at the local level?
Describe the nature of the
coordination and its effectiveness.
B. INFRASTRUCTURE
What are the major programmatic and
administrative facilities (daycare
centers, one stop shops, etc.) that are
operated by civil society organizations
working in child protection?
What are the major physical
infrastructure programs operated by
civil society organizations, such as
residential institutions, day centers,
building rehabilitation, etc.?
251

Are civil society organizaions working
in child protection major providers of
alternative care for children, and if so,
what data are available on the level
and quality of care provided?
II. FUNCTIONS
Of the main categories of children actually being served by civil society organizations, please provide a rough estimate of the level of engagement
level, zero being no engagement and five being full engagement.
Category
NATIONAL LEVEL: Rate Level of Engagement From 0-5
LOCAL LEVEL: Rate Level

is non-engaged, '5
Birth registration
Harmful cultural practices (child marriage, FGM/C,
discrimination)
Physically, sexually, psychologically abused/severely
neglected children
Children without adequate family care or alternative care
Child labor
Protecting children in emergencies/armed conflict
Other:
Name
Scope and
Geographic
Coverage
Please list the five major civil society organizations with national coverage providing
activities, and describe their current substantial activities in the child protection syste
in each column
System
Organization and
Data Collection
Legal and Policy
Management
Capacity Building
and Analysis
252
Please list the five major civil society organizations with significant coverage at th
significant child protection activities, and describe their current substantial activiti
system building activities listed in each column
Name
Scope and
Geographic
Coverage
Legal and Policy
System
Organization and
Management
Capacity Building
Data Collection
and Analysis
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the citations for key reports and data? Why was som
Are any of the above findings controversial, and why?
253

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Financial Resources
Please
identify
3-5 priorities at most in the following categories (not 3-5 in each), which are the ones deemed applicable to this section (from a sys
A.
Laws,
Policies,
Standards and
Regulations
B. Cooperation,
Coordination and
Collaboration
C. Capacity
Building
D. Service and
Service Delivery
Mechanisms
254

E.
Communication,
Education and
Mobilization for
Social Change
F. Financial
Resources
G. Accountability
H. Other
255
international non-governmental
usts, foundations, charitable
ions that are relevant. Because there
cal levels. If a category or question is
256
257
258
ngagement at the national and local
Rate Level of Engagement from 0-5 ('0'

engaged, '5' is highly engaged)
providing significant child protection

ection system building activities listed
Service Provision
Other
259
verage at the local level providing

tial activities in the child protection
lumn
Service Provision
Other
hy was some data used and not others?
260
(from a system building standpoint).
261
262
Continuum of Care Tool
COUNTRY NAME
3. Continuum of Care Tool: From the Protective Environment to Responses and Intervention
Note national/sub-national/local level being assessed in box

at right. This sheet can be copied for multiple areas if
desired.
This tools objective is to determine whether a protective environment exists for children and who is involved in creating and sustaining it, and to assess the quality
protective services and responses provided. The promotion of positive attitudes towards child protection and open discussion of child protection issues are part of
environment, together with services to assist families, communities and countries to prevent violence, exploitation, abandonment and abuse. National or local chil
and systems, protective social practices, the knowledge and capacity of communities, families and children, supported by research, good oversight and monitoring,
building the protective environment. When children are at risk or already victims of violations of their protection rights, the continuum of care is completed by the
interventions provided. PLEASE REFER TO THE USERS' GUIDE FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO USE THIS TOOL.
The tool sets out to describe and assess the continuum of care, and to identify possible gaps and shortcomings in it, by briefly answering the following questions: (1
attitudes, customs and practices which have a negative effect on child protection? If so, what is being done to address them? Is there open discussion of sensitive c
issues? If not, what is being done to promote it?; (2) What is being done to promote childrens life-skills, knowledge and participation, and family, school, health sy
capacity to protect children?; (3) What actions are being taken to promote child protection and the provision of preventive services?; and (4) Who is responsible for
protective responses and interventions, and what are the roles of those involved?
A partially worked example of tool 3 is included in the Users Guide. Please refer to this before completing the tool. Some additional notes are provided below. In th
3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c), the term extent is used to denote the degree to which children are likely to be affected by the particular issue. For example, if all or the vast
approve of corporal punishment, the term universal could be used. If, on the other hand, negative attitudes to birth registration are only held by certain ethnic gr
indicated with an estimate of the percentage of the population affected. The term impact is used to describe the consequences of the attitude or issue.
263
3 (a). ATTITUDES, CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES, AND OPEN DISCUSSION
1. In this section, there is scope to describe the issues briefly, and to assess their extent and impact. These issues relating to attitudes customs an
to open discussion could be identified in a preparatory discussion with key stakeholders, and might draw on existing research or studies if availabl
Are there attitudes, customs and practices which are contrary to child well-being? If so, briefly describe them and their extent and possible impac
on whether it is possible in the specific context of the country to discuss these issues openly at various levels? If there are barriers to open discuss
identify them. Identify your sources of information and analysis wherever possible.
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
264
IMPACT
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
IMPACT
2. What is being done to combat these harmful or negative attitudes, and to promote open discussion with a view to changing minds? Briefly desc
activities or projects are under way, who is involved, the geographical coverage of the activities/projects, and their quality and impact. For the pick
informal/formal and quality and impact, see the guidelines in the Users' Guide.
ACTIVITY OR
PROJECT
DESCRIPTION
COORDINATING
AGENCY
IMPLEMENTING
PARTNERS
265
INFORMAL TO
FORMAL RATING
GEOGRAPHIC
COVERAGE
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
IMPACT
3 (b). CHILDREN'S LIFE SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE AND PARTICIPATION
1. In this section, there is scope to describe the issues briefly, and to assess their extent and impact. These issues relating to promoting children
knowledge and participation, and family, school, health system and community capacity to protect children could be identified in a preparatory dis
stakeholders, and might draw on existing research or studies if available.
Are children educated at school and at home to make them aware of their protection rights and about how to protect themselves: for example do c
to go to if they are physically or sexually abused? If a child is performing poorly at school, is the child invited to discuss any problems s/he may be
home or at school? Are children aware of the risks of HIV/AIDS and how do they learn about them?
Are children encouraged to participate in discussions around child protection issues, for example through childrens parliaments or associations?
an opportunity to participate in the design, implementation, and monitoring of child protection systems? If so, how is this organized? Are there a
other research gathered about children's views, preferences, attitudes, knowledge, and needs? Are there organizations in the community which h
children's ability to participate in decision-making? In general, what is being done to enhance childrens life skills, knowledge and participation?
Are the school and health systems child friendly? Are teachers trained to make children aware of the risks of physical and sexual abuse, and are th
trained to recognize risks? Do people in the community know what to do and who to contact if they have concerns for the safety of the child? Is th
being conducted into these questions? In general, what is being done to enhance family, school and health system and community capacity?
If a child needs to be placed in alternative care (for instance, foster/kinship care or residential care), is the child consulted? Is this a legal require
child's views invited once the placement is made? Briefly explain.
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
266
IMPACT
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
IMPACT
2. Briefly describe what activities or projects are underway, who is involved, the geographical coverage of the activities/projects, and their quality
ACTIVITY OR
PROJECT
DESCRIPTION
COORDINATING
AGENCY
IMPLEMENTING
PARTNERS
INFORMAL TO
FORMAL RATING
GEOGRAPHIC
COVERAGE
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "Child Protection: A Handbook for Parliamentarians"

Click HERE for access to the General Comment by the Committee on the Rights of the Child on the "Right of the Child to be
267
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
IMPACT
3 (c). ACTIONS TO PROMOTE CHILD PROTECTION AND THE PROVISION OF PREVENTIVE SERVICES
What services are currently available to protect children and prevent violence, exploitation, abuse and abandonment? For example, are there prog
maternity hospitals to minimize child abandonment? Are there parent education programmes which include child rights concepts? Are there soci
programmes to help families prevent crisis and protect their children? Are there shelters to which abused children can go for protection? Are the
for children living in the street to help protect them from abuse and exploitation for labor or other purposes? Are there early childhood developm
help provide protection for vulnerable children? What other activities or projects are under way which contribute to building a protective environm
Briefly describe what activities or projects are under way, who is involved, the geographical coverage and scale of the activities/projects, and their
impact.
ACTIVITY OR
PROJECT
DESCRIPTION
COORDINATING
AGENCY
IMPLEMENTING
PARTNERS
268
INFORMAL TO
FORMAL RATING
GEOGRAPHIC
COVERAGE
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
IMPACT
3 (d). RESPONSES AND INTERVENTIONS
What are the roles and responsibilities of the different actors who respond to child protection needs through various interventions (i.e., the interv
to be made when a child is recognized as being at imminent risk of abuse, exploitation or violence, or when he or she has already been the subject
his/her protection rights)? Briefly describe who does what when interventions are required, the geographical coverage of the interventions and th
In some cases, there may be more than one set of actors involved in the same type of intervention (for example, identification of children at risk m
mainly be teachers at the local/district level but mainly by social workers in urban areas). In those cases, describe each separately if necessary. F
be used to illustrate how interventions are carried out and by whom.
NATURE OF
ENTITY OR ENTITIES
COORDINATING
PRIMARILY
INTERVENTION OR
AUTHORITY (IF ANY)
RESPONSIBLE
RESPONSE
OTHERS INVOLVED
Identification of
child in need of
protection:
reporting of case
and referral of case
Investigation of
identified child: is
the child in danger?
If so, why?
Assessment and
gate keeping:
assessing strengths
and problems of
child and family and
identifying
appropriate
solutions.
269
INFORMAL TO
FORMAL RATING
GEOGRAPHIC
COVERAGE
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
Response and
support within the
family: providing
health and/or
educational services
and legal
representation;
counseling and
psychosocial
support; family
services.
Response and
support outside the
child's family:
rescue, alternative
placement
including
emergency
placement, health,
education and legal
services,
preparation of child
and family for
reintegration.
Follow-up and
record-keeping;
monitoring child's
progress and
development,
maintenance of
child and family
case records.
270
IMPACT
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
IMPACT
Sources
Please describe the sources of information for the above mapping and assessment. What are the citations for key reports and data? Why was so
not others? Are any of the above findings controversial, and why?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Financial Resources
Please identify 3-5 priorities at most in the following categories (not 3-5 in each), which are the ones deemed applicable to this section (from a sys
standpoint).
A. Laws, Policies,
Standards and
Regulations
271
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
B. Cooperation,
Coordination and
Collaboration
D. Service and Service

Delivery Mechanisms
E. Communication,
Education and
Mobilization for Social
Change
F. Financial
Resources
G. Accountability
272
IMPACT
ISSUE
DESCRIPTION
EXTENT
H. Other
273
IMPACT
ENT
s and Interventions
g it, and to assess the quality and extent of the

protection issues are part of the protective
abuse. National or local child protection services
od oversight and monitoring, all contribute to
m of care is completed by the responses and
ng the following questions: (1) Are there

pen discussion of sensitive child protection
and family, school, health system and community
nd (4) Who is responsible for the provision of
otes are provided below. In the issues analysis in

For example, if all or the vast majority of people
only held by certain ethnic groups, this can be
attitude or issue.
274
SION
ng to attitudes customs and practices, and

arch or studies if available.
extent and possible impact. Please comment

re barriers to open discussion, please
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
275
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
nging minds? Briefly describe what

y and impact. For the pick lists under
QUALITY AND
IMPACT
OTHER COMMENTS
276
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
ON
ng to promoting childrens life-skills,

tified in a preparatory discussion with key
mselves: for example do children know who

any problems s/he may be experiencing at
liaments or associations? Do children have

is organized? Are there any surveys or
in the community which help develop
wledge and participation?
d sexual abuse, and are they themselves

e safety of the child? Is there any research
ommunity capacity?
ed? Is this a legal requirement? Are the
IMPACT
277
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
rojects, and their quality and impact.

QUALITY AND
IMPACT
OTHER COMMENTS
ians"
Right of the Child to be Heard."
278
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
VENTIVE SERVICES
r example, are there programmes in

concepts? Are there social or financial
go for protection? Are there programmes
early childhood development projects which
ding a protective environment for children?
ivities/projects, and their quality and
QUALITY AND
IMPACT
OTHER COMMENTS
279
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
erventions (i.e., the interventions that need

already been the subject of a violation of
f the interventions and their quality/impact.
ation of children at risk might be done
separately if necessary. Flow-charts can also
QUALITY AND
IMPACT
OTHER COMMENTS
280
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
281
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
rts and data? Why was some data used and
are:
to this section (from a system building
282
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
283
IMPACT
OPEN DISCUSSION?
284
Resource Mobilization and Fiscal Accountability Tool

COUNTRY NAME
4. Resource Mobilization and Fiscal Accountability Tool
This tool provides some cross cutting questions for child protection financing and budgeting. It is foll
tools to examine sector wide budgeting, cost effectiveness, and capacity building. If a category or ques
(N.A.), please record N.A.
Public Financing Process
Describe the country's annual budget cycle.
Describe the overall budget framework in country: is there
a Medium Term Expenditure Framework or equivalent that
guides, in part, the annual budget discussions?
Does that framework draw from any broader policy
statements, such as a poverty reduction strategy or an
intergovernmental policy commitment to reallocate
resources (e.g., to the social sectors)?
Is child protection explicitly referenced in either of the
above, and if so, is there an express attempt to devote
resources to child protection? If so, describe the process
that is envisaged for financing child protection activities.
If not, a process for future inclusion might be considered.
Is there a costed strategy or strategies in child protection?
Does it match, to some degree, child protection priorities
to resource allocations? Is it of high quality, and does it
present Government with different options, each with
different benefits? Do those options have major fiscal
consequences, or marginal ones?
If so, has that strategy been considered explicitly during
the Government's budget process?
Related, is there a champion within Government with the
influence and mandate to advocate for the inclusion of
child protection activities in the budget? Is that champion
exclusively focused on his/her ministry or agency, or are
they able to advocate for child protection financing across
ministries and agencies?
If there is no costed strategy, are there activities underway
to prepare one that would feed into the budget process?
Are those activities being led by Government agencies or
non-Government agencies?
If Government agencies are leading the process, are staff
able to develop and articulate a well presented child
protection budget proposal?
Have multilateral agencies (IMF, UNICEF, World Bank,
UNDP) discussed and reached agreement on the child
protection priorities in country and the associated
financing needs? Is that policy cash benefit focused, or
does it include adequate provision for developing and
strengthening service delivery?
If so, has there been a coordinated dialogue with
Government that feeds into the budgeting process? If
there has been no such dialogue, is there a process
underway to establish one that fits the country's budget
cycle?
What is the percentage of the national budget that is
allocated to children (available through CRC reports)?
285

Describe which aspects of child protection expenditure are
managed and controlled by central government agencies at
the sub-national and local levels.
Describe which aspects of child protection expenditure are
under the full control of sub-national or local authorities,
through block grants, local taxation or other measures.
Note the extent to which local governments actual utilize
those resources for child protection programs.
How effectively is the Government budget being executed?
Are the planned and actual budgets close to one another,
or are there significant departures over the course of the
year? How frequently are budgets allocations amended
over the course of a typical year?
With respect to child protection services 'on the ground,'
are the bulk (excluding cash transfers) being provided
through government funded programs or through
private/aid programs? Is the sector highly aid dependent?
If child protection is aid dependent, are there strategies in
place or under preparation to shift both capacity and
financing responsibilities to government? Or is aid
dependence expected for the long term?
Describe any projects or programs that shift reliance from
NGO provision to Government funding and oversight.
Describe any projects or programs that are Government
financed, but that outsource protection services for
children.
Related, should a request for additional resources focus on
strengthening government capacity (whether central, subnational or local) to develop, implement and monitor child
protection policy? Or is the priority funding need for
additional services, even if privately delivered? This may
be more a question of balance than an 'either/or' question.
Are there incentives in the financing framework that have
detrimental effects in children, for example, capitation
payments that provide incentives to place children in
residential care?
If so, have these been identified, and is there a process
underway to review the financing framework in a way to
shift incentives to cost effective interventions that help
children?
Are there any fee for service programs in child protection?
Describe.
Are informal or illegal fees often collected regardless of
legal or administrative provisions? Describe what is
known about such fees and the status of efforts to address
them.
Does the country conduct Public Expenditure Tracking
Surveys to establish the efficiency and effectiveness of
expenditure in child protection or related sectors such as
social protection? What are the key relevant findings?
286

Donor Financing
How are donors consulted on child protection financing
needs? Is there an effective consultation process in place?
Have there been significant recent increases or decreases

in the involvement of the donor community in child
protection? If so, please explain the changes and why they
have occurred.
Are there future opportunities to secure donor financing
for a systemic approach to child protection? Describe (if
possible) what those opportunities might be.
KEY DONOR EFFORTS RELEVANT TO CHILD PROTECTION
Please outline five or six key donor interventions currently being implemented or in the pipeline that c
complement or leverage a child protection program. Consider in the prioritization exercise whether eff
been established on these programs. Add rows as needed.
Name of program(s) and description
Agency
Current UN agency programs or projects.
Current World Bank programs or projects in poverty

reduction, social protection, health, education, social
development, governance, or other areas that can provide
support and leverage to a child protection program?
Current programs by other international financial
institutions, such as regional development banks.
Current bilateral programs or projects.
Current major donor programs or projects.
Proposed (or in pipeline) UN agency programs or projects.

Proposed (or in pipeline) regional agency programs (e.g.,
SADC, EU, MERCOSUR)
287

Proposed (or in pipeline) World Bank programs or projects
in poverty reduction, social protection, health, education,
social development, governance, or other areas that can
provide support and leverage to a child protection
program?
Proposed (or in pipeline) bilateral programs or projects.
Proposed (or in pipeline) major donor programs or
projects.
WANT TO LEARN MORE?
Click HERE for access to "The Cost Effectiveness of Six Models of Care for Orphaned and Vuln
Click HERE for access to: "Costs of Projects for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children: Case
Click HERE for access to "Changing Minds, Policies and Lives: Redirecting Resources to Com
Click HERE for access to "The Cost of Foster Care: Investing in our Children's F
Click HERE for access to IDASA (South Africa) website, with materials on budgeting through
Click HERE for access to "Expenditure on the Residential Care of Children in the Republic of
Sources
data? Why was some data used and not others? Are any of the above findings controversia
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Capacity Building
Financial Resources
this section (from a system building standpoint).
288

E. Communication, Education and Mobilization for Change
G. Accountability
H. Other
289
SSESSMENT
ility Tool
ng. It is followed by additional

egory or question is Not Applicable
290
291
ON
peline that can support,

se whether effective dialogue has
scription
Date
approved
and closing
date if
known
Amount
($US,
millions)
292
ned and Vulnerable Children in South Africa"
ildren: Case Studies in Eritrea and Benin"
rces to Community Based Services"
Children's Future"
ng through their Children's Budget Unit
Republic of Moldova: A Financial Analysis Based on 2005 Budget Data"
are the citations for key reports and

controversial, and why?
ystem (see Users' Guide). They are:
re the ones deemed applicable to
293
294
Toolkit Output

COUNTRY NAME
5(a). TOOLKIT OUTPUT: SUMMARY OF PRIORITIES
DO NOT ENTER INFORMATION IN THE CELLS BELOW. The following pages automatically collec
reproduce the priorities that have been indicated in each of the prior tools, which can be referen
conveniently during the program design process in Tools 4B/C.
I. LAWS, POLICIES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

POLICY CONTEXT
DATA FOR DECISIONMAKING
STRUCTURES, FUNCTIONS AND CAPACITIES
MINISTRY/AGENCY PRIORITIES
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
Toolkit Output
MOBILIZING RESOURCES
II. COOPERATION, COORDINATION AND COLLABORATION

POLICY CONTEXT
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
Toolkit Output
CONTINUUM OF CARE
III. CAPACITY BUILDING

POLICY CONTEXT
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
IV. SERVICE AND SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS

POLICY CONTEXT
JUSTICE PROCESS
Toolkit Output
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
V. COMMUNICATION, EDUCATION AND MOBILIZATION FOR CHANGE

POLICY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
VI. FINANCIAL RESOURCES

POLICY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
VII. ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS

POLICY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
VIII. OTHER
POLICY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
Toolkit Output
ROTECTION SYSTEM: MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT

COUNTRY NAME
TOOLKIT OUTPUT: SUMMARY OF PRIORITIES
MATION IN THE CELLS BELOW. The following pages automatically collect and
s that have been indicated in each of the prior tools, which can be referenced
e program design process in Tools 4B/C.
I. LAWS, POLICIES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

POLICY CONTEXT
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
Toolkit Output
COOPERATION, COORDINATION AND COLLABORATION

POLICY CONTEXT
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
Toolkit Output
CONTINUUM OF CARE
III. CAPACITY BUILDING

POLICY CONTEXT
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
IV. SERVICE AND SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS

POLICY CONTEXT
JUSTICE PROCESS
Toolkit Output
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
MUNICATION, EDUCATION AND MOBILIZATION FOR CHANGE

POLICY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
VI. FINANCIAL RESOURCES

POLICY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
VII. ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS

POLICY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
VIII. OTHER
POLICY CONTEXT
Toolkit Output
JUSTICE PROCESS
COMMUNITY CONTEXT
CIVIL SOCIETY
CONTINUUM OF CARE
Moving Forward on System Development

COUNTRY NAME
5 (b). Moving Forward on System Development
Some countries may find it useful to establish the bases for a program to strengthen the protection
by following the format below, and to undertake a related costing out the resources needed (Tools 4
The following should draw logically from the mapping and assessment exercises.
SUMMARY DIAGNOSIS
In 1-2 paragraphs, synthesize the main indicators and issues that highlight why reform and develop
the system is necessary.
DEVELOPMENT VISION
In 1-2 paragraphs, outline how a strengthened child protection system might look in 5-10 years.
SYSTEM STRATEGY
In 1-2 paragraphs, describe the strategy (short and long term) needed to achieve the above vision.
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
In the following sections, consider outlining a system building program approximating the
following structure, and covering the seven core prioritization areas covered in the Toolkit.
that component titles can be changed if desired, and components can be added or deleted i
needed. The first component is outlined in detail, the following might follow a similar form
1. LAWS, POLICIES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

A. Component Objective
B. Component Strategy
C. Responsible Parties
i. SUBCOMPONENT A (e.g., child protection policy framework, coordination of
legislation, etc.)
ii. SUBCOMPONENT B (e.g., development of implementing regulations, dissem
of legal information to implementing agencies, etc.)
iii. SUBCOMPONENT C (e.g., selected topics in child protection policy)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
COOPERATION, COORDINATION AND COLLABORATION

CAPACITY BUILDING
SERVICE AND SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS
COMMUNICATION, EDUCATION AND MOBILIZATION FOR CHANGE
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS
COMPONENT 1: LAWS, POLICIES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
OBJECTIVE
STRATEGY
RESPONSIBLE PARTIES
SUBCOMPONENT 1: (NAME)
DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES

COMPONENT 2: COOPERATION, COORDINATION AND COLLABORATION
OBJECTIVE
STRATEGY
RESPONSIBLE PARTIES

COMPONENT 3: CAPACITY BUILDING
OBJECTIVE
STRATEGY
RESPONSIBLE PARTIES

COMPONENT 4: SERVICE AND SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS
OBJECTIVE
STRATEGY
RESPONSIBLE PARTIES

COMPONENT 5: COMMUNICATION, EDUCATION AND MOBILIZATION FOR CHANGE
OBJECTIVE
STRATEGY
RESPONSIBLE PARTIES

COMPONENT 6: FINANCIAL RESOURCES
OBJECTIVE
STRATEGY
RESPONSIBLE PARTIES
COMPONENT 7: ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS

OBJECTIVE
STRATEGY
RESPONSIBLE PARTIES
AND ASSESSMENT
Development
m to strengthen the protection system

the resources needed (Tools 4C/D).
t exercises.
hlight why reform and development of
m might look in 5-10 years.
d to achieve the above vision.
program approximating the

areas covered in the Toolkit. Note
ts can be added or deleted if
might follow a similar format.
framework, coordination of
menting regulations, dissemination
d protection policy)
OR CHANGE
AND REGULATIONS
ND COLLABORATION
ING
ERY MECHANISMS
OBILIZATION FOR CHANGE
URCES
CHANISMS
Sector Costing Tool

COUNTRY NAME
5(c). Sector Costing Tool
This simple budget model can be modified to national circumstances to provide an overall budget cost for a sector-wide child protection program (
does not cover off-budget programming). The column titles can be changed to fit country circumstances, but should always reference a formal bu
organization. This table should draw directly from locally relevant policy, programming and project materials, and should also feed into (and draw
the country's overall budget cycle. It can be expanded easily to include details on sub-national and/or local budgets, with some more work require
adapt to decentralized budgets/block grants that vary widely by country. Note Annex A(3), which presents a similar approach, but with respect to a
capacity building exercise in a given sector that includes off-budget resources.
It is important to consider a variety of different approaches when costing. If the country has a budgetary framework (e.g., a Medium Term Expend
Framework), it would be helpful to review that to (i) assess the scope for the overall budget to accommodate budget increases; and (ii) identify pro
that are already being supported that have child protection related elements. It would also be useful to examine, in particular, the social protecti
program (cash and non-cash/services) to examine the existing and potential fit with child protection and the related budgetary implications. Since
any) countries have a distinct line item budget for child protection, the following exercise takes the proposed sector-wide approach -- which is mor
complex than budgeting within a sector, but unavoidable given child protection's cross cutting nature.
CHILD PROTECTION PROGRAM NAME
LIST RELEVANT POLICY AND PROGRAMMING REFERENCES FOR COSTING:
STATE PERSONNEL: ASSUMPTIONS
Ministry 1
Ministry 2
Ministry 3
Ministry 4
Ministry 5
# of central government civil service staff in child protection function (following categories may be edited as appropriate)
Senior staff (senior analysts, senior administrators, etc. define as necessary.)
Other staff (accountants, budget staff, define as necessary.)
Administrative and clerical staff
-- Average civil service salary (including taxes, bonuses, etc.). Note that this
is most likely the only information available, but if more detailed wage
information is available it can be applied to the above categories to improve the
costing.
# of region staff salaried through state budget
Senior staff (may be desirable to disaggregate by staff specifically
overseeing social work functions, supervision and quality standards, etc.)
327
Sector Costing Tool

Other staff
-- Average region staff salary (including taxes, bonuses, etc.)
328
Sector Costing Tool

# of local staff salaried through the state budget
Local office managers
Social workers
Examiners/supervisors/inspectors
Other staff
-- Average local staff salary (including taxes, bonuses, etc.)
TOTAL PERSONNEL COSTS
RECURRENT COSTING (CHILD PROTECTION ONLY)
Baseline Year
Total wages (gross)

Cash benefits directly related to child protection
Maintenance of government facilities
Contracted services by non-government providers
Utilities
Staff training
Media, education, publications and advocacy
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Administrative costs (office materials, etc.)

Meetings, conferences, catering
Other recurrent costs
TOTAL
CAPITAL COSTING (CHILD PROTECTION ONLY)
Baseline Year
New construction
Other property, plant and equipment
Information technology investments
Furniture investments
Specialized equipment investments (e.g., rehabilitative)
Vehicles
Depreciation
Other capital investment costs
TOTAL
329
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Sector Costing Tool
TOTAL STATE BUDGET: CHILD PROTECTION
Baseline Year
Total Budget
-- Of which, central government
-- Percent of central government expenditure on personnel
-- Of which, sub-national government
-- Percent of sub-national government expenditure on personnel
-- Of which, local government
330
Year 1
$
Year 2
-
Year 3
-
Year 4
-
Sector Costing Tool
ogram (the table

rmal budgetary
nd draw from)
required to
pect to a
Expenditure
ntify programs
protection
s. Since few (if
h is more
Ministry 6
331
Sector Costing Tool
332
Sector Costing Tool
Year 5
Year 5
333
Sector Costing Tool
Year 5
$
334
Program Costing Tool

COUNTRY NAME
Annex 1: Program Costing Tool
This simple costing model allows the user to take a developed capacity building program and assess the public finance and aid costs of that progra
adding rows and changing algorithms, it can quickly be adapted to a particular program cost structure. It is designed to look at the public costs o
overall child protection program, as well as at the specific costs of capacity building through technical assistance, training, equipment and other
investments.
MINISTRY OR AGENCY NAME:
CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM NAME:
Baseline
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year
# of central government civil service staff in child protection function (following categories may be edited as appropriate)
STATE PERSONNEL: ASSUMPTIONS
Senior management team

Senior staff (senior analysts, high level administrators, etc.)
Other staff (junior administrators, accountants/budget staff, etc.)
-- Average civil service salary (including taxes, bonuses, etc.). Note that this is
most likely the only information available, but if more detailed wage
information is available it can be applied to the above categories to improve the
costing.
# of provincial staff salaried through state budget
Provincial management team
Senior staff (may be desirable to disaggregate by staff specifically
overseeing social work functions, supervision and quality standards, etc.)
Other staff
-- Average provincial staff salary (including taxes, bonuses, etc.)
# of local staff salaried through the state budget
Local office managers
Social workers
Examiners/supervisors/inspectors
Other staff
335

-- Average local staff salary (including taxes, bonuses, etc.)
Baseline
Year
RECURRENT COSTING
Total wages (gross)

Maintenance of government facilities
Utilities
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Administrative costs (office materials, etc.)

Meetings, conferences, catering
Publications and outreach
Other recurrent costs
TOTAL
CAPITAL COSTING
Baseline
Year
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Baseline
Year
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
New construction
Other property, plant and equipment
Information technology investments
Furniture investments
Specialized equipment investments (e.g., rehabilitative)
Vehicles
Other capital investment costs
TOTAL
TOTAL STATE BUDGET
Total Budget (exclusive of capacity building activities)
-- Of which, central government
-- Of which, provincial government
-- Percent of provincial government expenditure on personnel
-- Of which, local government
$
$
Err:512
$
$
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
336
337

Baseline
Year
CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM: COSTS
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Technical assistance
Training
Information technology
Specialized equipment
Capital costs
Other
TOTAL
Baseline
Year
CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM: SOURCES OF FUNDS
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
State budget
World Bank
UNICEF
Other UN agencies
Bilateral aid programs
NGOs
Other
TOTAL
Baseline
Year
CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM: FUNDING GAP
TOTAL
338
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
t program. By
c costs of the
d other
Year 5
339
Year 5
Year 5
Year 5
Err:512
Err:512
Err:512
340
341
Year 5
Year 5
Year 5
342

COUNTRY NAME
ANNEX 2. BIBLIOGRAPHY/RESOURCES (CLICK TO LINK DOCUMENTS THAT
General/Terminology
Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. "A Systems Approach to Child Protection."
Better Care Network (BCN), UNICEF. "Manual for the Measurement of Indicators for Children in Formal Care." (January 2009
Council of Europe. "Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse
Hague Conference on Private International Law. "Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Interco
International Organization for Migration (IOM). "International Migration Law Glossary on Migration." (2004)
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Convention on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities."
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Adminis
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees." (April 19
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Forced Labour Convention." (1930)
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children." (A/RES
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitut
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Slavery Convention." (September 1926)
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, th
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Depr
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999." (Novem
Summary of Highlights: UNICEF Global Child Protection Systems Mapping Workshop (Bucharest, Romania: 11-13 June, 200
UNICEF. "Cape Town Principles and Best Practices." (Cape Town, South Africa, April 1997)
United Nations Economic and Social Council. "Guidelines on Justice in Matters Involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime
United Nations Economic and Social Council. "UNICEF Child Protection Strategy." (June 2008)
United Nations General Assembly. "World Report on Violence Against Children." (August 2006)
United Nations High Commssioner for Human Rights. "Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, supp
United Nations High Commssioner for Human Rights. "Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons Espec
United Nations Security Council. "The Rule of Law and Transitional Justice in Conflict and Post-conflict Societies." (August 200
Basic Information and Risk Profile
"Inter-Agency Child Protection Database." (June 2007)
ChildInfo.org
Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers. "Child Soldiers Global Report." (2008)
devinfo.org
International Labor Offices. "Indicators of Trafficking of Adults for Sexual Exploitation."
International Labor Organization. "Child Labour Statistics."
International Labor Organization. "Manuals."
International Labour Offices. "Operational Indicators of Trafficking in Human Beings." (2009)
Landmine Monitor. "Landmine Monitor Report." (2008)
MGD Monitor. "MDG Profiles."
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. "The United Nations Study on Violence Against Children." (2007)
Save the Children. "Keeping Children Out of Harmful Institutions: Why We Should be Investing in Family-based Care." (Novem
UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre. "TransMONEE Database."

UNICEF Understanding Children's Work. "An Interagency Research Cooperation Project on Child Labour."
UNICEF. "Children and AIDS: Fourth Stocktaking Report." (2009)
UNICEF. "Country Statistics."
UNICEF. "Early Marriage - A Harmful Traditional Practice." (2005)
UNICEF. "Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting." (2005)
UNICEF. "Guide to Monitoring and Evaluation of National Response for Children Orphaned and Made Vulnerable by HIV/AIDS
UNICEF. "Monitoring Child Disability in Developing Countries - Results from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys." (2008)
United Nations Development Programme. "Human Development Reports." (2009)
United Nations Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Vienna. "Manual for the Measurement of Juvenile Justice Indicators." (2006)
Policy Context
Committee on the Rights of the Child. "General Comment: Indigenous children and their rights under the Convention." (2009)
Inter-Parliamentary Union and UNICEF. "Combating Child Trafficking: Handbook for Parliamentarians." (March 2005)
Inter-Parliamentary Union and UNICEF. "Eliminating Violence Against Children." (2007)
Office for the High Commissioner for Human Rights. "General Comment: The Right of the Child to Protection from Corporal P
Office for the High Commissioner for Human Rights. "General Comment: Treatment of Unaccompanied and Separated Childre
Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict in collaboration with UNICEF. "
UNICEF. "Beyond Child Labour, Affirming Rights." (2001)
UNICEF. "Early Marriage: A Harmful Traditional Practice." (April 2005)

UNICEF. "No Guns, Please: We are Children!" (2001)
UNICEF. "Profiting from Abuse." (2001)
UNICEF. "The Impact of Conflict on Women and Girls in West and Central Africa and the UNICEF Response." (February 2005)
Data For Decisionmaking
Turner, Anthony G. "Guidelines for Sampling Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children: To Estimate the Size and Characteristic
"Inter-Agency Child Protection Database." (June 2007)
European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). "Developing Indicators for the Protection, Respect and Promotion of th
Inter-Agency Working Group on Children's Participation (IAWGCP). "Minimum Standards for Consulting with Children." (200
Save the Children UK. "The Child Development Index - Holding Governments to Account for Children's Wellbeing." (2008)
STRIVE Project Operations Research Unit. "Stop Guessing? A Guide to Monitoring and Evaluation For Community & Faith Bas
Dashboard
Hague Conference on Private International Law. "Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Interco
International Labour Organization. "Minimum Age Convention." (1973)
MGD Monitor. "MDG Profiles."
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Convention on the Rights of the Child." (September 199
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimina
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Optional Protocol on the Sale of children, Child Prostituti
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the C
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999." (Novem
Structure, Function & Capacities Tool

Ahmad, Imad-ad-Dean. "The Islamic View of Adoption and Caring for Homeless Children.
Al-Azhar University and UNICEF. "Children in Islam - Their Care, Development and Protection." (2005)
Bantwana Initiative. "Child Profiling Tool." Click here to access the request form.
International Association of Schools of Social Work. "Global Standards for Social Work Education and Training." (2000)
International Social Service. "Kafalah Fact Sheet." (December 2007)
Inter-Parliamentary Union and UNICEF. "Child Protection: A Handbook for Parliamentarians." (2004)
Save the Children UN. "Kinship Care - Providing Positive and Save Care for Children Living Away from Home." (2007)
UNICEF. "Children and HIV and AIDS."
UNICEF. "UNICEF's Position on Inter-Country Adoption."
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. "General Comment: HIV/AIDS and the Rights of Children." (January 200
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. "General Comment: The Right of the Child to be Heard." (2009)

UNICEF. "Diversion and Alternative Toolkit."
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. "General Comment: Children's Rights in Juvenile Justice." (2007)
Save the Children. "Children at the Center - A guide to Supporting Community Groups Caring for Vulnerable Children." (2007
Resources
Desmond, Chris and Jeff Gow. "The Cost-Effectiveness of Six Models of Care for Orphan and Vulnerable Children in South Afric
IDASA.org
Larter, David and Eugenia Veverita. "Expenditure on the Residential Care of Children in the Republic of Moldova." (October 20
Prywes, Menahem, et al. "Costs of Projects for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children: Case Studies in Eritrea and Benin." P
Tapsfield, Robert and Felicity Collier. "The Cost of Foster Care - Investing in our Children's Future." (2005)
UNICEF. "Changing Minds, Policies and Lives."
United Nations Economic and Social Council. "UNICEF Child Protection Strategy." (June 2008)
Examples of Mapping and Assessing CP Systems (or components thereof):

1.CEE/CIS
Kovacevic, Vera. "Assessment of Child Protection in Serbia." (June 2007)
Development Researchers' Network. "Evaluation of the Database for Social Services Project Kosovo, Evaluation Report." (Mar
Hamilton, Carolyn, Steven Malby and Gwen Ross. "Analysis of the Child Protection System in Albania." (April 2007)
Jovanovic, Vladan and Snezana Remikovic. "Assessment of the Existing Child Protection Database in Montenegro." (October 2
O'Brien, Clare and Tata Chanturidze. "UNICEF: Assessment of the Child Welfare Reform Process in Georgia." (July 2009)
Oxford Policy Management. "Thematic Evaluation of UNICEF Contribution to Child Care System Reform in Kazakhstan, Kyrgy
Final Report part II: Country Reports." (February 2008)
Toritsyn, Arkadi. "Development of Integrated Social Care Services for Vulnerable Families and Children at Risk in Moldova, UN
Report." (Moldova, November 2007)
Turman Lemajic, Marija and Diana Chiriacescu. "External Evaluation of the Day Care Centre 'Tisa' for Children with Disabiliti
UNICEF. "Assessment Tool, CEE Assessment, Child Protection Reform." (2007)
UNICEF. "Child Protection Systems in CEE/CIS, Transition/Reform of Child Protection Systems, Need and Challenges of a Bro
2.Africa
Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare Directorate of Child Welfare. "A Human Resources and Capacity Gap Analysis,
November 2007)
"Human Resource Assessment for the Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare." (May 2007)
"Interview Guide for the Mapping and Assessment of Social Protection in the 7 Learning Districts."
"Regional Interagency Child Protection Systems Initiative West and Central Africa, Information Update." (2009)
"Terms of Reference. Capacity Gap Analysis of the Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare: 'Improving Child Welfare Se
Apusigah, Agnes Atia. "Child Protection Project in Northern and Upper East Regions, Ghana Assessment Report." (April 200
Jones, Nicola. "Child Protection and Broader Social Protection Linkages in West and Central Africa." (December 2008)
Mureithi, Irene. "Adoptive Parents Experiences on the Social and Legal Process and Self Legal Representation in Kenya: A thr
and 2009 by Child Welfare Society of Kenya." (2009)
Njoka, John Murimi. "Accelerating Work with Children in Kenya: Towards the formulation of a National Child Protection Syste
Republic of Malawi Ministry of Women and Child Development. "Human Resources Gap Analysis, Ministry of Women and Chil
Theis, Joachim and UNICEF. "Capacity Challenges in Child Protection Monitoring and Data Systems. West and Central Africa.
2008)
UNICEF. "Meeting on CP Systems Democratic Republic of Congo." PowerPoint Presentation.
3. Asia
Child Frontiers. "Child and Family Welfare Services in Indonesia An Assessment of the System for Prevention and Response
Children."
Plummer, Sam for Save the Children Australia. "Report on the Functional Task Analysis of the Orphans and Vulnerable Childr
Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation Cambodia. (December 2007)
UNICEF Cambodia. "Funding Proposal. Strengthening Systems to Protect Vulnerable Children and Families." (March 2009)
UNICEF. "Cambodia Annual Report 2007." (December 2007)
UNICEF. "Cambodia Annual Report 2008." (December 2008)
UNICEF. "Creating a Protective Environment for Children in Viet nam: An Assessment of Child Protection Laws and Policies, E
Vietnam." (Hanoi, 2009)
West, Andy and Save the Children UK. "A Child Protection System in Mongolia, Review Report." (2006)
4. Middle East & North Africa
Bodineau, Sylvie. "Child Protection Systems Recommendations for the Setup of a Family Protection Unit in Syria." (May 2008
Community & Institutional Development (CID). "Procedural Manual for Monitoring and Protection of Children at Risk." (2003)
Community & Institutional Development (CID). "Procedural Manual for Monitoring and Protection of Children at Risk." (2003)
Mulheir, Georgette and UNICEF Sudan. "Ministry of Social Affairs Khartoum State, An Analysis of the Knowledge, Attitudes a
UNICEF and the Khartoum State Ministry of Social Affairs. "KAP Analysis- Khartoum State Social Workers. Executive Summa
5. Latin America
Displaced Children and Orphans Fund. "Strengthening the Guatemalan National Child Protection System: A One-year Proposa
Terre des Hommes. "Analysis of the Child Protection System Fortaleza, Brazil. (June 2009)
Presentations
UNICEF Romania. "Child Care System Reform." (June 2008)
Hodges, Anthony. "Child Protection and Social Protection - A Personal View." PowerPoint Presentation. (July 2009)
Kruger, Alexander and EAPRO. "Promoting Child Protection Systems." PowerPoint Presentation. (2008)
Program on Forced Migration and Health, Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health. "Operationalizing the Prot
Settings. Child Protection Indicators Roundtable Meeting. (November 2009)
Sutton, Alison. "Social Protection and Sexual Exploitation." PowerPoint Presentation. (November 2008)
UNICEF Niger. "Child Protection." PowerPoint Presentation.
Other Resources
Dartington Social Research Unit. "Refocusing Childrens Services Towards Prevention: Lessons from the Literature." (2004)
Foster-Fishman, Pennie G., Branda Nowell and Huilan Yang. "Putting the system back into systems change: a framework for u
community systems." American Journal of Community Psychology (2007)
Interagency Learning Initiative. "Annex C: Typology of Approaches to Engaging with Communities." (Benham 2008)
Save the Children. "Child Protection Systems in Emergencies : A Review of Current Thinking and Experience." (DRAFT Decem
State of Victoria, Department of Human Services. "Integrated Strategy for Child Protection and Placement Services." (Septem
Theis, Joachim and UNICEF. "Capacity Challenges in Child Protection Monitoring and Data Systems. West and Central Africa.
2008)
UNICEF and Save the Children UK. "Roundtable Meeting on Child Protection Monitoring and Evaluation: Progress, Challenge
World Health Organization (WHO). "Everybodys Business, Strengthening Health Systems To Improve Health Outcomes, A Fra

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CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM:

COMPREHENSIVE MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT

December 30, 1899

CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM MAPPING AND ASSESSMEN

NOTE: THIS TOOLKIT HAS A COMPANION USERS' GUIDE

Child Protection Terminology

CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM: MAPPING AND ASSESSMEN

Assisted voluntary return

Best interest determination (BID)

Child exploitation (in the context of child

Child Protection Terminology

Child in conflict with the law

Child in need of care and protection

Child protection system

Child sexual abuse

Child Protection Terminology

Child soldier/Children associated with

Child victims and witnesses

Children without parental care

Civil society organization

Discrimination on the basis of disability

Child Protection Terminology

Family based care

Family strengthening services

Forced or compulsory labour

Child Protection Terminology

Minimum age of criminal responsibility

Child Protection Terminology

Child Protection Terminology

Sexual exploitation of children/

Solicitation of children for sexual

Child Protection Terminology

Stateless Person (child)

Unaccompanied and separated children

Worst forms of child labour

Child Protection Terminology

ECTION SYSTEM: MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT

1(a). Child Protection Terminology

Child Protection Terminology

Child Protection Terminology

Child Protection Terminology

Child Protection Terminology

Child Protection Terminology

Child Protection Terminology

Child Protection Terminology

Basic Information and Country Risk Profile Tool

CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM: MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT

Overall Country Status

Human Development Index rank (click here)

1. Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty

Current Emergency Context (if any)

Duration and/or Frequency, Other Observati

Basic Information and Country Risk Profile Tool

COUNTRY RISK PROFILE

Demographic and Macroeconomic Indicators

Total Population (thousands)

Basic Information and Country Risk Profile Tool

Basic Information and Country Risk Profile Tool

Child Poverty Indicators

Percent of population under

Basic Information and Country Risk Profile Tool

Estimated number of children age 014 living with HIV/AIDS

Children With Disabilities

Children with disabilities, total