Study Guide Questions

Chapter 4 Requirements Modeling

Name:

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The ____ phase of the SDLC includes four main activities: requirements modeling, data and process
modeling, object modeling, and consideration of development strategies.
a. systems planning
c. systems design
b. systems analysis
d. systems implementation
2. One of the main activities in the systems analysis phase is ____ modeling, which involves fact-finding
to describe the current system and identification requirements for the new system.
a. objective
c. goal-based
b. requirements
d. user-based
3. ____ enable a systems analyst to identify a problem, evaluate the key elements, and develop a useful
solution.
a. Analytical skills
c. Interpersonal skills
b. Artistic skills
d. Confrontational skills
4. Greater user involvement in the system development process usually results in ____.
a. poorer communication
c. slower development times
b. more satisfied users
d. lower quality deliverable
5. ____ are especially important to a systems analyst who must work with people at all organizational
levels, balance conflicting needs of users, and communicate effectively.
a. Analytical skills
c. Interpersonal skills
b. Artistic skills
d. Confrontational skills
6. RAD relies heavily on ____.
a. prototyping
b. management direction

c. agile methods
d. Scrum

7. The primary advantage of RAD is that ____.

a. systems can be developed more quickly with significant cost savings
b. the companys strategic business needs are emphasized and the mechanics of the system
are not stressed
c. the decelerated time cycle allows more time to develop quality, consistency, and design
standards
d. systems are developed more slowly with fewer bugs
8. In a(n) ____, team members prepare to lunge at each other to achieve their objectives.
a. dodge
c. scrum
b. resequencing
d. adaptation
9. Using a(n) ____, an analyst can show business functions and break them down into lower-level
functions and processes.

a. UML
b. TCO

c. FDD
d. REJ

10. A(n) ____ is a top-down representation of a function or a process.

a. UML
c. FDD
b. TCO
d. REJ
11. The ____ is a widely used method of visualizing and documenting software systems design.
a. UML
c. FDD
b. TCO
d. REJ
12. A ____ is a UML technique that visually represents the interaction between users and an information
system.
a. TCO
c. use case diagram
b. data schematic
d. user-based flowchart
13. In a use case diagram, the user becomes a(n) ____, with a specific role that describes how he or she
interacts with a system.
a. agent
c. interlocutor
b. actor
d. master
14. A(n) ____ diagram shows the timing of interactions between objects as they occur.
a. timing
c. orientation
b. ordering
d. sequence
15. Which of the following is a general category of system requirements?
a. daily reports
c. response time
b. inputs
d. login security
16. ____ is a typical example of a system requirement for the output category.
a. Manufacturing employees must swipe their ID cards into data collection terminals that
record labor costs
b. The contact management system must generate a daily reminder list for all sales reps
c. The student records system must allow record access by either the student name or the
student number
d. The system must support 25 users simultaneously
17. ____ is a typical example of a system requirement for the input category.
a. As a final step in year-end processing, the payroll system must update employee salaries,
bonuses, and benefits
b. Response time must not exceed four seconds
c. The system must provide log-on security at the operating system level and at the
application level
d. Student grades must be entered on machine-scannable forms prepared by the
instructor
18. ____ is a typical example of a system requirement for the process category.
a. The Web site must report online volume statistics every four hours and hourly during peak

periods
b. The system must be operated seven days a week, 365 days a year
c. The equipment rental system must not execute new rental transactions for customers
who have overdue tapes
d. All transactions must have audit trails
19. ____ is a typical example of a system requirement for the performance category.
a. The purchasing system must provide suppliers with up-to-date specifications
b. Each input form must include date, time, product code, customer number, and quantity
c. The manager of the sales department must approve orders that exceed a customers credit
limit
d. The student records system must produce class lists within five hours after the end of
registration
20. ____ is a typical example of a system requirement for the control category.
a. The customer analysis system must produce a quarterly report that identifies changes in
ordering patterns
b. The system must maintain separate levels of security for users and the system
administrator
c. The data entry screens must be uniform, except for background color, which can be
changed by the user
d. The warehouse distribution system must analyze daily orders and create a routing pattern
for delivery trucks
21. To evaluate ____, a systems analyst needs information about projected future volume for all outputs,
inputs, and processes.
a. scalability
c. compatibility
b. reliability
d. applicability
22. The term ____ refers to a systems ability to handle increased business volume and transactions in the
future.
a. scalability
c. compatibility
b. reliability
d. applicability
23. In addition to direct costs, systems developers must identify and document indirect expenses that
contribute to the ____.
a. TCO
c. FDD
b. REJ
d. UML
24. Microsoft has developed a method for measuring a systems total costs and benefits, called ____,
which is a framework to help IT professionals analyze and optimize IT investments.
a. TCO
c. FDD
b. REJ
d. UML
25. In a(n) ____ structure, which usually is based on interpersonal relationships, some people have more
influence or knowledge than appears on an organization chart.
a. spontaneous
c. informal
b. unstructured
d. open-ended

26. In an interview, ____ encourage spontaneous and unstructured responses.

a. open-ended questions
c. leading questions
b. closed-ended questions
d. range-of-response questions
27. In an interview, ____ limit or restrict the response.
a. open-ended questions
c. leading questions
b. closed-ended questions
d. range-of-response questions
28. In an interview, ____ are questions that ask a person to evaluate something by providing limited
answers to specific responses or on a numeric scale.
a. open-ended questions
c. leading questions
b. closed-ended questions
d. range-of-response questions
29. Supporters of neutral locations for interviews believe that it ____.
a. makes the interviewee feel comfortable during the meeting
b. gives the interviewee easy access to supporting material that might be needed
c. keeps interruptions to a minimum so people can concentrate fully
d. gives the interviewee opportunity to take calls during the interview
30. If an interviewee gives only short or incomplete responses to open-ended questions, a systems analyst
should do which of the following ____.
a. switch to closed-ended questions
b. give the interviewee easy access to supporting material that might be needed
c. continue using open-ended questions
d. rudely conclude the meeting
31. When studying an information system, examples of actual documents should be collected using a
process called ____.
a. stratification
c. indexing
b. randomization
d. sampling
32. When preparing a representative sample from a list of 200 customers who complained about errors in
their statements, a ____ might select every tenth customer for review.
a. systematic sample
c. random sample
b. stratified sample
d. comprehensive sample
33. When preparing a representative sample from a list of 200 customers who complained about errors in
their statements, a ____ could ensure the sample is balanced geographically by selecting five
customers from each of four zip codes.
a. systematic sample
c. random sample
b. stratified sample
d. comprehensive sample
34. When preparing a representative sample from a list of 200 customers who complained about errors in
their statements, a ____ might select any 20 customers.
a. systematic sample
c. random sample
b. stratified sample
d. comprehensive sample

35. A common tool for showing the distribution of a questionnaire or sampling results is a vertical bar
chart called a(n) ____.
a. flowchart
c. agile method
b. histogram
d. Venn diagram
36. Some ____, such as Microsoft Outlook, include a personal calendar, a to-do list, and powerful contact
management features.
a. PIMs
c. PDAs
b. laptops
d. Visios
37. A category of information management software or programs designed for the large amount of
information generated by an IT project is called _____.
a. PIM
c. PDA
b. Project data management
d. Personal data management
38. Software such as Microsoft OneNote is a type of ____ software.
a. PIM
c. Project data management
b. Personal data management
d. PDA

39. In projects where it is desirable to obtain input from a large number of people, a(n) ____, such as that
shown in the accompanying figure, can be a valuable tool.
a. interview
c. sample
b. questionnaire
d. research report
40. The kind of document shown in the accompanying figure starts with a heading, which should include
all except which of the following ____.
a. a brief statement of purpose
b. your suggestions
c. your signature
d. your observations

TRUE/FALSE
1. Each activity within the systems analysis phase has an end product and one or more milestones. T
2. Because it is linked to a specific development methodology, systems developers use JAD whenever
group input and interaction is not desired. F
3. IT professionals recognize that successful systems must be user-oriented, and users need to be
involved, formally or informally, at every stage of systems development. T
4. Because of the limited range of input and interaction among participants, few companies believe that a
JAD group produces the best definition of a new system. F

5. Compared with traditional methods, the entire RAD process is expanded and, as a result, the new
system is built, delivered, and placed in operation much later. F
6. The main objective of all RAD approaches is to extend development time and expense by excluding
users from every phase of systems development. F
7. Because use cases depict a system through the eyes of a user, common business language can be used
to describe the transactions. T
8. System requirements serve as benchmarks to measure the overall acceptability of a finished system. T
9. System requirements fall into five general categories: outputs, inputs, processes, performance, and
controls. T
10. In addition to helping to gather and analyze facts, many programs also perform fact-finding for
systems analysts. F
11. When fact-finding, asking what is being done is the same as asking what could or should be done. F
12. Knowledge of a companys formal and informal structures helps a systems analyst determine the
people to interview during the systems analysis phase. T
13. In the early stages of systems analysis, interviews usually focus on specific topics, but as the factfinding process continues, the interviews are more general. F
14. Creating a standard list of interview questions helps a systems analyst to keep on track and avoid
unnecessary tangents. T
15. A list of topics should be sent to an interviewee several days before the meeting, especially when
detailed information is needed, so the person can prepare for the interview and minimize the need for a
follow-up meeting. T
16. When conducting an interview, after asking a question, allow the person enough time to think about
the question and arrive at an answer. T
17. Although taking notes during an interview has both advantages and disadvantages, the accepted view
is that note taking should be extensive. F
18. System documentation always is up to date. F

19. Personal observation allows a systems analyst to verify statements made in interviews and determine
whether procedures really operate as they are described. T
20. When designing a questionnaire, the most important rule of all is to make sure that questions collect
the right data in a form that can be used to further fact-finding. T
21. When designing a questionnaire, arrange questions in a random order, intermixing simple and more
complex topics. F
22. Before publishing a form on the Internet or a company intranet, a systems analyst should protect it so
users can change the layout or design but cannot fill it in. F
23. The main objective of a sample is to ensure that it represents the overall population accurately. T
24. A single site visit usually gives true pictures, so it is unnecessary to visit more than one installation. T
25. The ability to manage information is the mark of a successful systems analyst and an important skill
for all IT professionals. T