MM222

Strength of Materials
Lecture 10
Spring 2015
Hafiz Kabeer Raza
Research Associate
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, GIK Institute
Contact: Office G13, Faculty Lobby
raza@giki.edu.pk, hkabeerraza@gmail.com, 03344025392

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Factor of safety
Self Reading
Article 1.12
Article 1.13

Ultimate strength (normal and shear) u

Allowable stress all
Factor of safety = u/all

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Sample problem 1.3

dAB = ?
dC = ?
t=?
Determine P and C (Cx, Cy)
Determine (, )all
Find the relevant dimension

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Sample Problem 1.4

Maximum allowable force upward at C = ?

Find C in terms of B and D
Find C from all the allowable stresses

Control rod AB
Bolt at B
Bolt at D
Bolt at C

The Lowest value is the safe for all

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Stress on an Oblique Plane

Pass a section through the member forming
an angle q with the normal plane.
From equilibrium conditions, the
distributed forces (stresses) on the plane
must be equivalent to the force P.
Resolve P into components normal and
tangential to the oblique section,
F P cosq

V P sinq

The average normal and shear stresses on

the oblique plane are

F
P cosq
P

cos2 q
Aq A0
A0
cosq
V
P sinq
P

sinq cosq
Aq A0
A0
cosq

MM222
Strength of Materials
Lecture 11
Spring 2015
Hafiz Kabeer Raza
Research Associate
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, GIK Institute
Contact: Office G13, Faculty Lobby
raza@giki.edu.pk, hkabeerraza@gmail.com, 03344025392

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Problem 1.29 & 1.30

Problem 1.29
Simply put the values of
parameters in the formula
= 70.0 psi, = 40.4 psi

Problem 1.30
= cos2 , =
(a) 1.5 kips, (b) 43.3 psi

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Problem 1.60

Method of joints
Also a force triangle can be
made
AB = 7.32 kips (T), BC =
8.966 kips (C)
Max. area AB = 0.5(1.8-0.8)
AB max = 14.64 ksi
Area BC = 0.5*1.8
BC max = 9.96 ksi

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Problem 1.61

(a) 8.92 ksi

(b) 22.415 ksi
(c) 11.207 ksi

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Problem 1.63

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Home work
Home work 1.33, 1.37, 1.67, 1.18
For interest only 1.39, 1.41, 1.42, 1.51

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Self reading
2.1 to 2.5
2.6 and 2.7 will not be discussed at this point
Next 2.8

MM222
Strength of Materials
Lecture 12
Spring 2015
Hafiz Kabeer Raza
Research Associate
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, GIK Institute
Contact: Office G13, Faculty Lobby
raza@giki.edu.pk, hkabeerraza@gmail.com, 03344025392

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Deformations Under Axial Loading

From Hookes Law:

P
AE

From the definition of strain:

Equating and solving for the deformation,

PL

AE
With variations in loading, cross-section or
material properties,
L
P dx
Pi Li

0 AE
A
E
i i i

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Example 2.01
SOLUTION:
Divide the rod into components at
the load application points.
6

E 29 10

psi

D 1.07 in. d 0.618 in.

Determine the deformation of

the steel rod shown under the
given loads.

Apply a free-body analysis on each

component to determine the
internal force
Evaluate the total of the component
deflections.

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Example 2.01
SOLUTION:
Divide the rod into three
components:

Apply free-body analysis to each

component to determine internal forces,
P1 60 103 lb
P2 15 103 lb
P3 30 103 lb

Evaluate total deflection,

Pi Li 1 P1L1 P2 L2 P3 L3

A
E
E
A
A
A
i i i
1
2
3

60 103 12 15 103 12 30 103 16

6
0
.
9
0
.
9
0
.
3
29 10

L1 L2 12 in.

L3 16 in.

A1 A2 0.9 in 2

A3 0.3 in 2

75.9 103 in.

75.9 103 in.

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Sample Problem 2.1

SOLUTION:
Apply a free-body analysis to the bar
BDE to find the forces exerted by
links AB and DC.
Evaluate the deformation of links AB
and DC or the displacements of B
and D.
The rigid bar BDE is supported by two
links AB and CD.
Link AB is made of aluminum (E = 70
GPa) and has a cross-sectional area of 500
mm2. Link CD is made of steel (E = 200
GPa) and has a cross-sectional area of (600
mm2).
For the 30-kN force shown, determine the
deflection a) of B, b) of D, and c) of E.

Work out the geometry to find the

deflection at E given the deflections
at B and D.

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Sample Problem 2.1

Displacement of B:
SOLUTION:
Free body: Bar BDE

PL
AE

60 103 N 0.3 m

50010-6 m2 70 109 Pa
514 10 6 m

B 0.514 mm

MB 0
0 30 kN 0.6 m FCD 0.2 m
FCD 90 kN tension

MD 0
0 30 kN 0.4 m FAB 0.2 m

Displacement of D:
D

PL
AE

90 103 N 0.4 m

60010-6 m2 200109 Pa
300 10 6 m

FAB 60 kN compression

D 0.300
mm
2 - 18

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Sample Problem 2.1

Suppose the new positions of B, D
and E are B, D and E respectively.
So that the deformations point are
BB, DD and EE.
Since BDE is a rigid member, the
line joining B, D and E or B, D and
E will be straight line and will
follow all the rules of straight line.
Suppose coordinate points B(0,B),
D(200,-D) and E(600,-E); where
only E is unknown.
It can be computed by equating the
slopes of BD and DE.

E = 1.928 mm

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Home work
Problems

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.14

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

Relative end displacement

The previous examples had

one end attached to a fixed
support. In each case,
therefore, the deformation
of the rod was equal to the
displacement of its free end
What will be the of the bar
of both ends are moving?

/ = =

Example: compute, how

much point B will move
downward? If the applied
load P was 10 kN. For L =
1.0 m, A = 2.5 mm2, and E =
200 GPa
B/A = 20 mm
A = 10 mm
So B = 30 mm

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza

Quizzes
Started from the last week (it is 4th week now)
Academic
Week #

Quiz #

Date
(Thursday)

Remarks

25-02-2015

Done with
date change

12-03-2015

Date and time

updated

26-03-2015

-do-

16-04-2015

-do-

11

30-04-2015

-do-

13

14-05-2015

-do-

15

28-05-2015

-do-

Spring 2015

MM222 Strength of Materials

1st submission of note books

Deadline
Monday, March 16, 2015, 01:00 PM.

By Hafiz Kabeer Raza