1.

PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT SIMPLE: Habla acerca
de rutinas (cosas que suceden
todos los das) y hbitos (cosas que
haces a menudo).
(+) I usually go to bed about 10:30
(-) They dont take naps during the
week
He doesnt sleep in during the
week
(?) Do you wake up early?
Does she usually have a snack
before bed?
STATIVE VERB
Like, hate, prefer, understand, love,
know, believe, remember, need
and want.
SIMPLE PAST: Completar acciones
en el pasado. Hablar acerca de
acciones o experiencias en un
tiempo especfico en el pasado.
Aadir ed a los verbos regulares y
didnt en forma negativa. Usar
was/were para el verbo be.
(+) She changed her name.
I played jazz music all day
yesterday.
(-) She didnt fit in at school.
He didnt finish his exam.
(?) Where did she move?
Did you like the last Coldplay
CD?
Yes, I did./No, Ididnt.
PAST
CONTINUOUS:
Hablar
acerca de acciones en progreso en
un tiempo particular en el pasado.
(+)
I/He/She/It
was/wasnt
waiting
(-)
You/We/They were/werent
waiting
(?) Was I/He/She/It eating
Were You/We/They eating
*Es usado para establecer la
escena en el comienzo de una
historia.
It was raining heavily. Julia was
walking quickly toward the theater.
*Una accin largar interrumpida
por otra accin.

VS

PAST CONSTINUOS
I was watching
arrieved.

TV

when

he

PRESENT
CONTINUOUS:
a)
Acciones que suceden en este
momento. b) Acciones temporales
que suceden around now pero no
en este momento.
(+) b) Im studying engineering.
a) My girlfriend is shopping
for clothes.
(-)
a) Im not talking on the
phone.
b) Were not excercising
enough.
(?) b) Are you working in the city
this week?
a) What are you eating?

PRESENT PERFECT: Hablar acerca

de acciones o experiencias en el
pasado pero el tiempo no es
importante o no lo sabemos.
(+) I/You/We They have/ havent
won a prize.
(-)She/He/It has/hasnt won a prize
(?) Have I/You/We/They ever heard
this song?
Has He/she/It ever heard this
song?

PAST
PERFECT:
Para hablar
acerca de una accin que sucedi
antes de otra accin en el pasado.
Had + Past Participle

By the time I was 16, I had visited

19 countries.
(en el momento en que tena 16
aos, haba visitado 19 pases).
I ate like a horse because I hadnt
eaten all day.
Es comun usar verbos como:
saying oir thinking.
I told her we had bought the
tickets.
She realized shed met him
before somewhere.

I hated swimming
did I/ I didnt
Im a student
I/Im not
I was into pop
I/Iwasnt

So
So

am

So

was

Agree/Disagree
(-) I dont watch TV
Neither
do I/I do
I didnt go out
Neither did
I/ I did

Im not enjoying it.

Neither am I/I am

I wasnt late.

Neither was

I/I was

PRESENTE PERFECT WITH FOR

AND SINCE
REAL
CONDITIONAL:
Habla
acerca de una posible situacin en
el futuro.
Indica que si realizas una accin
determinada "es muy posible" que
se d un resultado determinado.
(may, might, could).
If + simple presente, will +
verb
If dont go to bed now, Ill be too
tired tomorrow.
If we leave at 9:30, well be late.
He will fail his exam if he doesnt
work harder.
If you work, you will earn some
money.
(Si trabajas, ganars algo de
dinero.)
AGREEMENT: SO and NEITHER
Est de acuerdo con o tienes la
misma experiencia de alguien.
Agree/Disagree
(+) I like chocolate
So
I./Idont

do

1. Usa SINCE para referir el inicio de

una accin.
2. Usa FOR para referirte a una accin
en un periodo de tiempo.
Utiliza FOR para dar longitud del
tiempo
For three years, for a week, for
half
an
hour
Utiliza SINCE para dar comienzo del
tiempo
Since 1996, since this morning,
since 10:30.

USED TO
Para
referirse
a
actividades
regulares y estados de nimos en
el pasado que no suceden ahora.
(+) I/You/He/She/We/They used to
play the piano.
(-) I/You/He/She/We/They didnt
use to do any exercise.
(?) Did I/You/He/She/We/ They use
to live there?
UNREAL CONDITIONAL: Habla
acerca de algo improbable o una
situacin imaginaria en el presente
o futuro.
If + simple past, would + verb
If I won some money, I would go
to Australia.

I would train to be a pilot if I

werent afraid of flying.
Condicin improbable:
* If you studied, I would help you.
(Si estudiases, yo te ayudara.)
Condicin imaginaria (irreal):
* If I were rich, I wouldn't work.
(Si fuese rico, no trabajara.)

this afternoon, tonight, tomorrow,

next week,ect.)
(+)
I am
He/she/it is going to see Maria on
Friday.
We/you/they are
(-)

GERUND AND INFINITIVES

I am
He/she/it is not going to see Maria
on Friday.
We/you/they are

Gerund: enjoy, avoid, miss, finish,

consider + verb (ing).
Infinitive:
want,
seem,
offer,
decide, hope, afford, promise) + to
+ V.F.

WILL: PREDICTIONS

BE GOING TO: FUTURE

Hablar acerca de planes futuros e
intenciones. (va una fecha al final:

(?)
Am I
Is He/she/it
going to see her?
Are We/you/they

Usa will + verb para hacer

predicciones acerca del futuro.
(+) will + verb
(-) wont + verb
(?) Will tourism change the
natural