INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT

Nodal line
Antinodal line

Bright fringe (produced by

constructive interference)

Dark fringe (produced by

destructive interference)

Laser pen

Young
double
slit

screen

When crest superposed crest or trough

superposed trough, constructive interference
has occurred.

Constructive interference

Bright fringe

When
crest
superposed
trough
destructive ,interference has occurred

Destructive interference

Dark fringe

INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT WAVE

Screen

(Dwicelah Young)

Young Double slit

Dark fringe

x
a

BrightBright
fingefringe
Dark
fringe
Dark fringe
x

Laser pen

Brightfringe
fringe
Bright
Dark fringe
Dark
fringe

Bright
fringe
Bright
fringe

Darkfringe
fringe
Dark

wavelength of light = ax
D
CONDITION DIFFRACTION OR
INTERFERENCE OF WAVE TO
OCCUR :

USED MONOCHROMATIC LIGHT

SOURCE WHICH has only one wavelength,
.

INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT PATTERN

(WHICH FORM ON THE SCREEN)
27mm
x

4 x= 27mm
x=

Bright fringe

= ax
D

Dark fringe

27
4

INTERFERENCE OF SOUND WAVE

Loud sound
x Weak Sound
Loud sound
x Weak Sound
Loud sound
x Weak sound
Loud sound

SPEAKER 1

SPEAKER 2

D
= ax
D
CONDITION INTERFERENCE OF
SOUND WAVE TO OCCUR:-

2 sources must be
coherent
coherent mean 2 sources
have same frequency,
same in phase and
same wavelength.

Loudness and Pitch.

LOUDNESS (Kekuatan bunyi)

Loudness of the sound is

The loudness of sound depends on the
amplitude of the wave.
The bigger the amplitude, the louder the sound.
PITCH (Kelangsingan bunyi)

The pitch of sound (how high the note is)

depends on the frequency of the wave.
The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch.
.

Below is a picture of a sound wave

which has been changed into alternating current by a
microphone and displayed on a CRO.
If the sound is made louder and with a higher pitch,
the shape of the wave changes as shown below.
T

The amplitude has got bigger

because the sound is louder.
T
The
frequency
has
increased
(there are more complete waves in the same time)
because the sound has a higher pitch.

Still remember?

f = 1/T

Echo(gelombang bunyi yang

terpantul/gema)

Sound which has been reflected

is
called
an
echo.
As with other waves, sound
reflection best occurs from flat,
hard surfaces.

A boat on the sea can send a beam of

ultrasound down to the sea floor
where it is reflected back upwards to a detector
on the boat.

sonar
d

speed,

v = 2d

distance

/t

time taken

Ultrasound (sonar) can be used by fishing

boats
to
find
fish
since a shoal of fish between the boat and
the
sea
floor
will return the echo more quickly.