ENGLISH TASK

CHARACTERISTICS AND DESPRITION OF PAIN

Dina Wahyuni

P2.06.20.2.13.051

D III KEPERAWATAN

Rifqoh Aulia

P2.06.20.2.13.071

KELAS II B

Acute pain
This pain is caused by occurrences such as traumatic injury, surgical procedures, or
medical disorders; clinical symptoms often include increased heart rate, blood
pressure, and respiratory rate, shallow respiration, agitation or restlessness, facial
grimaces, or splinting. Described in terms of such damage, with sudden or slow onset
of any intensity from mild to severe with an anticipated or predictable end and a
duration of less than 6 months.
Bearing-down pain
Pain accompanying uterine contractions during the second stage of labor.
Chronic pain
Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience arising from actual or potential tissue
damage or described in terms of such damage, with sudden or slow onset of any
intensity from mild to severe, without an anticipated or predictable end, and with a
duration of greater than 6 months.
Pain disorder
Characterized by a chief complaint of severe chronic pain that causes substantial
distress or impairment in functioning; the pain is neither feigned nor intentionally
produced, and psychological factors appear to play a major role in its onset, severity,
exacerbation, or maintenance. The pain is related to psychological conflicts and is

made worse by environmental stress; it enables the patient to avoid an unpleasant

activity or to obtain support and sympathy. Patients may visit many health care
providers searching for relief and may consume excessive amounts of analgesics
without any effect. They are difficult to treat because they strongly resist the idea that
their symptoms have a psychological origin.
False pain
Ineffective pains during pregnancy that resemble labor pains, not accompanied by
cervical dilatation. Called also false labor.
Growing pain
Any of various types of recurrent limb pains resembling those of rheumatoid
conditions, seen in early youth and formerly thought to be caused by the growing
process.
Hunger pain
Pain coming on at the time for feeling hunger for a meal; a symptom of gastric
disorder.
Intermenstrual pain
Pain accompanying ovulation, occurring during the period between the menses,
usually about midway.
Labor pain
The rhythmic pains of increasing severity and frequency due to contraction of the
uterus at childbirth
Lancinating pain
sharp darting pain.

Phantom pain
Pain felt as if it were arising in an absent or amputated limb or organ; see also
AMPUTATION

Psychogenic pain
Symptoms of physical pain having psychological origin; see PAIN DISORDER.
Referred pain
Pain in a part other than that in which the cause that produced it is situated. Referred
pain usually originates in one of the visceral organs but is felt in the skin or
sometimes in another area deep inside the body. Referred pain probably occurs
because pain signals from the viscera travel along the same neural pathways used by
pain signals from the skin. The person perceives the pain but interprets it as having
originated in the skin rather than in a deep-seated visceral organ.
Stinging
In its most basic meaning, involves both penetration via a pointed object and the
insertion of a harmful substance, as, for example, in the case of a bee sting.
Sharp
Describes a property of objects that can cause cuts.
Stabbing
Stabbed and lanced refer to the process of penetrating something with pointed or
sharp object.

PHYSICAL DAMAGE VIA INSERTION OF POINTED OBJECTS:

Stinging, pricking, boring, drilling, penetrating

PHYSICAL DAMAGE VIA THE APPLICATION OF SHARP OBJECTS:

Sharp, cutting, lacerating, stabbing, lancinating, piercing\

PHYSICAL DAMAGE VIA PULLING/TEARING:

Tugging, pulling, wrenching, drawing, squeezing, tearing

PHYSICAL DAMAGE VIA THE APPLICATION OF PRESSURE/WEIGHT:

Pinching, pressing, crushing, tight, heavy.
In addition, a further set of descriptors metaphorically evoke a malevolent
animate agent whose actions may cause physical damage (punishing, cruel,
vicious, torturing, gnawing, killing), and two groups of descriptors relate,
respectively, to high and low temperatures, which, when extreme, can also result
in tissue damage: hot, burning, scalding, searing, cool, cold, freezing.
Several expressions that have basic meanings to do with movement, which
would cause tissue damage if it occurred inside the body: beating, pounding,
jumping, shooting.