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Critical Appraisal
Critical Appraisal
COMMENTS
I. Are the methods valid/trustworthy?
1. Was the research question
The research question was stated clearly both in the
clear? Was the need for the study
abstract and the background section of the research
adequately substantiated?
report (not under a separate purpose section), the
Explain
purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive
value of changes in exercise and weight management
related variables on weight change, in a sample of
overweight and moderately obese women participating in a
University-based weight management program,
(background section). However, it was less clearly
delineated how the content of the intervention parlayed
into improvement of the psychosocial variables and weight
loss. Although some examples were given (e.g., the
intervention had the underlying goals of improving
autonomyThese are highly motivational factors that
should have an effect on SDT constructs), it seems that
the study did not include, or at least did not mention, how
constructs from each behavioral change theory would be
incorporated into the intervention. Thus, the reader
remains unsure as to what type of weight loss intervention
program (i.e., which variables/constructs should be
incorporated and how) would yield the same predictive
power of certain behavioral change theories, as well as
improvements in psychosocial variables and weight loss as
found by the study team.
The need for the study was adequately substantiated in
several instances in the background section. The
authors comment that obesity has become an epidemic in
industrialized countries, yet there has been a great void in
the integration of biological, psychosocial, and
environmental solutions in weight management programs.
The authors hold that several psychosocial variables that
they incorporate into the present study (and the basis of
the four behavioral change theories in the study) are
widely believed to explain weight management in this
integration context, yet are underserved in weight
management literature. For example, in the background
section, Questions remain about which model or set of
variables could better explain the outcomes of choice,
which constructs may overlap, or if a set of variables from
different theories could delineate the way to a new
paradigm. Rothmam highlights this last aspect as a likely
cause of some of the disappointing results for most studies
Critical Appraisal
Critical Appraisal
Critical Appraisal
Critical Appraisal
Critical Appraisal
Critical Appraisal
Critical Appraisal
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Critical Appraisal
8. Were the analysis plans
(statistical methods) described in
detail?
How were the data distributed
(e.g., normal versus skewed)?
Were the correlative and
comparative tests appropriate for
the type of data analyzed and the
questions asked? Explain
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Critical Appraisal
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Critical Appraisal
References
Clark, M.M., Abrams, D.B., Niaura, R.S., Eaton, C.A., & Rossi, J.S. (1991).
Self-efficacy in weight management. Journal of Consulting and Clinical
Psychology, 59(5), 739-44.
Foster, G.D., Wadden T.A., Vogt, R.A., & Brewer, G. (1997). What is
reasonable weight loss? Patients expectations and evaluations of
obesity treatment outcomes. Journal of Consulting and Clinical
Psychology, 65(1), 79-85.
Marquez, D.X., & McAuley, E. (2006). Social cognitive correlates of leisure
time physical activity among Latinos. Journal of Behavioral Medicine,
29(3), 281-9.
McAuley, E., Duncan, T., Tammen, V.V. (1989). Psychometric properties of
the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory in a competitive sport setting: A
confirmatory factor analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and
Sport, 60(1), 48-58.
Steinhardt, M.A., & Dishman, R.K. (1989). Reliability and validity of
expected outcomes and barriers for habitual physical activity. Journal
of Occupational Medicine, 31(6), 536-46.
Suris, A.M., Trapp, M.C., DiClemente, C.C., & Cousins, J. (1998). Application
of the transtheoretical model of behavior change for obesity in Mexican
American women. Addictive Behaviors, 23(5), 655-668.
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