la- la- ,e & 4&35/2002

Government of Bihar
Finance Department
Notification
S. No. 6076 F(2)

Patna-15, Dated 10-11-2005

Whereas over the last so many years, many developments, including a

rapid growth of alternative service delivery systems, development in information
technology, outsourcing of services and liberlization of the system of
procurement, inventory management in line with the international practices have
taken place, and
whereas keeping in view these developments, based on the report of the
task force of experts, extensive review and consultations, Government of India
has notified General Financial Rules, 2005 with effect from July 1, 2005, and
whereas Bihar Finance Rules are primarily based on Government of India's
General Financial Rules, and
whereas keeping in view above mentioned changes there is a need for
amendment in Bihar Finance Rules for economy and increasing the efficiency of
the government,
Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred under sub-sections(1)
and (3) of the Bihar Finance Act, 1981, the State Government of Bihar makes the
following "The Bihar Finance (Amendment) Rules, 2005" to amend the Bihar
Finance Rules :The Bihar Finance (Amendment) Rules, 2005
1.

Short title, extent and commencement:

(a)
These rules may be called "The Bihar Finance (Amendment) Rules, 2005.
(b)
It shall extend to the whole of the state of Bihar.
(c)
It shall come in to force at once.

2.

Substitution of Title of Section XI before Rule 30 of the Bihar Finance Rules

The title of Section XI "Contracts" will be substituted by "Contract
Management"
3.
Substitution of Rule 29 and 30 of the Bihar Finance Rules relating to
Contracts.
Rule 29 to 30 of the Bihar Finance Rules will be substituted by the following rules :"Rule 29.
(1) All contracts shall be made by an authority empowered to do so by or under the orders of
the Governor in terms of Article 299 (1) of the Constitution of India.

(2) All the contracts and assurances of property made in the exercise of the executive power of
the State shall be executed on behalf of the Governor. The words for and on behalf of the
Governor of Bihar should follow the designation appended below the signature of the officer
authorized in this behalf.
Rule 30. General principles for contract : The following general principles should be
observed while entering into contracts:
(i) The terms of contract must be precise, definite and without any ambiguities. The terms
should not involve an uncertain or indefinite liability, except in the case of a cost plus contract
or where there is a price variation clause in the contract.
(ii) Standard forms of contracts should be adopted wherever possible, with such modifications
as are considered necessary in respect of individual contracts. The modifications should be
carried out only after obtaining financial and legal advice.
(i) In cases where standard forms of contracts are not used, legal and financial advice should be
taken in drafting the clauses in the contract.
(iv) (a) A Ministry or Department may, at its discretion, make purchases of value upto Rupees
one lakh by issuing purchase orders containing basic terms and conditions:
(b) In respect of Works Contracts, or Contracts for purchases valued between Rupees one lakh
to Rupees ten lakhs, where tender documents include the General Conditions of Contract
(GCC), Special Conditions of Contract (SCC) and scope of work, the letter of acceptance will
result in a binding contract.
(c) In respect of contracts for works with estimated value of Rupees ten lakhs or above or for
purchase above Rupees ten lakhs, a Contract document should be executed, with all necessary
clauses to make it a self-contained contract. If however, these are preceded by Invitation to
Tender, accompanied by GCC and SCC, with full details of scope and specifications, a simple
one page contract can be entered into by attaching copies of the GCC and SCC, and details of
scope and specifications, Offer of the Tenderer and Letter of Acceptance.
(d) Contract document should be invariably executed in cases of turnkey works or agreements
for maintenance of equipment, provision of services etc.
(v) No work of any kind should be commenced without proper execution of an agreement as
given in the foregoing provisions.
(vi) Contract document, where necessary, should be executed within 21 days of the issue of
letter of acceptance. Non-fulfilment of this condition of executing a contract by the Contractor
or Supplier would constitute sufficient ground for annulment of the award and forfeiture of
Earnest Money Deposit.
(vii) Cost plus contracts should ordinarily be avoided. Where such contracts become
unavoidable, full justification should be recorded before entering into the contract. Where
supplies or special work covered by such cost plus contracts have to continue over a long
duration, efforts should be made to convert future contracts on a firm price basis after allowing
a reasonable period to the suppliers/contractors to stabilize their production /execution methods
and processes.
Explanation : A cost plus contract means a contract in which the price payable for supplies or
services under the contract is determined on the basis of actual cost of production of the
supplies or services concerned plus profit either at a fixed rate per unit or at a fixed percentage
on the actual cost of production.
(viii) (a) Price Variation Clause can be provided only in long-term contracts, where the
delivery period extends beyond 18 months. In short-term contracts firm and fixed prices should
be provided for. Where a price variation clause is provided, the price agreed upon should
specify the base level viz, the month and year to which the price is linked, to enable variations
being calculated with reference to the price levels prevailing in that month and year.
(b) A formula for calculation of the price variations that have taken place between the Base
level and the Scheduled Delivery Date should be included in this clause. The variations are
calculated by using indices published by Governments or Chambers of Commerce periodically.
An illustrative formula has been appended to these rules at Appendix -1A for guidance.

(c) The Price variation clause should also specify cut off dates for material and labour, as these
inputs taper off well before the scheduled Delivery Dates.
(d) The price variation clause should provide for a ceiling on price variations, particularly
where escalations are involved. It could be a percentage per annum or an overall ceiling or
both. The buyer should ensure a provision in the contract for benefit of any reduction in the
price in terms of the price variation clause being passed on to him.
(e) The clause should also stipulate a minimum percentage of variation of the contract price
above which price variations will be admissible (e.g. where resultant increase is lower than two
per cent. no price adjustment will be made in favour of the supplier).
(f) Where advance or stage payments are made there should be a further stipulation that no
price variations will be admissible on such portions of the price, after the dates of such
payment.
(g) Where deliveries are accepted beyond the scheduled Delivery Date subject to levy of
liquidated damages as provided in the Contract, the liquidated damages (if a percentage of the
price) will be applicable on the price as varied by the operation of the Price variation clause.
(h) No price variation will be admissible beyond the original Scheduled Delivery Date for
defaults on the part of the supplier.
(i) Price variation may be allowed beyond the original Scheduled Delivery Date, by specific
alteration of that date through an amendment to the contract in cases of Force Majeure or
defaults by Government.
(j) Where contracts are for supply of equipment, goods etc, imported (subject to customs duty
and foreign exchange fluctuations) and / or locally manufactured (subject to excise duty and
other duties and taxes), the percentage and element of duties and taxes included in the price
should be specifically stated, along with the selling rate of foreign exchange element taken into
account in the calculation of the price of the imported item.
The mode of calculation of variations in duties and taxes and Foreign exchange rates and the
documents to be produced in support of claims for such variations, should also be stipulated in
the Contract.
(k) The clause should also contain the mode and terms of payment of the price variation
admissible.
(ix) Contracts should include provision for payment of all applicable taxes by the contractor or
supplier.
(x) Lumpsum contracts should not be entered into except in cases of absolute necessity.
Where lumpsum contracts become unavoidable, full justification should be recorded. The
contracting authority should ensure that conditions in the lump sum contract adequately
safeguard and protect the interests of the Government.
(xi) Departmental issue of materials should be avoided as far as possible. Where it is decided
to supply materials departmentally, a schedule of quantities with the issue rates of such
material as are required to execute the contract work, should form an essential part of the
contract.
(xii) (a) In contracts where government property is entrusted to a contractor either for use on
payment of hire charges or for doing further work on such property, specific provision for
safeguarding government property (including insurance cover) and for recovery of hire charges
regularly, should be included in the contracts.
(b) Provision should be made in the contract for periodical physical verification of the number
and the physical condition of the items at the contractors premises. Results of such verification
should be recorded and appropriate penal action taken where necessary.
(xiii) Copies of all contracts and agreements for purchases of the value of Rupees Twenty-five
Lakhs and above, and of all rate and running contracts entered into by civil departments of the
Government other than the for which a special audit procedure exists, should be sent to the
Audit Officer and /or the Accounts officer as the case may be.
(xiv) (a) The terms of a contract, including the scope and specification once entered into,
should not be materially varied.
(b) Wherever material variation in any of the terms or conditions in a contract becomes
unavoidable, the financial and other effects involved should be examined and recorded and

specific approval of the authority competent to approve the revised financial and other
commitments obtained, before varying the conditions.
(c) All such changes should be in the form of an amendment to the contract duly signed by all
parties to the contract.
(xv) Normally no extensions of the scheduled delivery or completion dates should be granted
except where events constituting force majeure, as provided in the contract, have occurred or
the terms and conditions include such a provision for other reasons. Extensions as provided in
the contract may be allowed through formal amendments to the contract duly signed by parties
to the contract.
(xvi) All contracts shall contain a provision for recovery of liquidated damages for defaults on
the part of the contractor.
(xvii) A warranty clause should be incorporated in every contract, requiring the supplier to,
without charge, repair or rectify defective goods or to replace such goods with similar goods
free from defect. Any goods repaired or replaced by the supplier shall be delivered at the
buyers premises without costs to the buyer.
(xviii) All contracts for supply of goods should reserve the right of Government to reject goods
which do not conform to the specifications.
Rule 30A. Management of Contracts :
(1) Implementation of the contract should be strictly monitored and notices issued promptly
whenever a breach of provisions occur.
(2) Proper procedure for safe custody and monitoring of Bank Guarantees or other Instruments
should be laid down. Monitoring should include a monthly review of all Bank Guarantees or
other instruments expiring after three months, alongwith a review of the 83 progress of supply
or work. Extensions of Bank Guarantees or other instruments, where warranted, should be
sought immediately.
(3) Wherever disputes arise during implementation of a contract, legal advice should be sought
before initiating action to refer the dispute to conciliation and/or arbitration as provided in the
contract or to file a suit where the contract does not include an arbitration clause.The draft of
the plaint for arbitration should be got vetted by obtaining legal and financial advice.
Documents to be filed in the matter of resolution of dispute, if any, should be carefully
scrutinized before filing to safeguard government interest."

4.
Substitution of Title of Chapter 8 before Rule 124 of the Bihar Finance
Rules
The title of Chapter 8 "Stores" of the Bihar Finance Rules will be substituted by
"Procurement of goods and Services"
5.
Substitution of Rules 124 to 131 of the Bihar Finance Rules relating to
purchase of stores
Rules 124 to 131 of the Bihar Finance Rules will be substituted by the following
rules:"PROCUREMENT OF GOODS
Rule 124. This chapter contains the general rules applicable to all Ministries or Departments,
regarding procurement of goods required for use in the public service. Detailed instructions
relating to procurement of goods may be issued by the procuring departments broadly in
conformity with the general rules contained in this Chapter.
Rule 125. Definition of Goods : The term 'goods' used in this chapter includes all articles,
material, commodities, livestock, furniture, fixtures, raw material, spares, instruments,
machinery, equipment, industrial plant etc. purchased or otherwise acquired for the use of
Government but excludes books, publications, periodicals, etc. for a library.
Rule 126. Fundamental principles of public buying : Every authority delegated with the
financial powers of procuring goods in public interest shall have the responsibility and
accountability to bring efficiency, economy, transparency in matters relating to public

procurement and for fair and equitable treatment of suppliers and promotion of competition in
public procurement.
The procedure to be followed in making public procurement must conform to the following
yardsticks :(i) the specifications in terms of quality, type etc., as also quantity of goods to be procured,
should be clearly spelt out keeping in view the specific needs of the procuring organisations.
The specifications so worked out should meet the basic needs of the organisation without
including superfluous and non-essential features, which may result in unwarranted expenditure.
Care should also be taken to avoid purchasing quantities in
excess of requirement to avoid inventory carrying costs;
(ii) offers should be invited following a fair, transparent and reasonable procedure;
(iii) the procuring authority should be satisfied that the selected offer adequately meets the
requirement in all respects;
(iv) the procuring authority should satisfy itself that the price of the selected offer is reasonable
and consistent with the quality required;
(v) at each stage of procurement the concerned procuring authority must place on record, in
precise terms, the considerations which weighed with it while taking the procurement decision.
Rule 127. Authorities competent to purchase goods : An authority which is competent to
incur contingent expenditure may sanction the purchase of goods required for use in public
service in accordance with Appendix 5, Compendium of Financial Delegations and Bihar
Stationary Manual, following the general procedure contained in the following rules.
Rule 128. Powers for procurement of goods : The Departments have been delegated full
powers to make their own arrangements for procurement of goods. In case however, a
Department does not have the required expertise, it may purchase through the Central Purchase
Organisation (e.g. DGS&D) or State Purchase Organisation with the approval of competent
authority. The purchase shall be done on direct payment basis and not on book transfer basis.
Rule 129. Designation of State Purchase Organisation:
State Government can designate one or more organizations as State Purchase
Organisation for the procurement of any particular class of goods keeping in view the expertise
developed or to be developed.
Rule 130. Rate Contract : The State Purchase Organisation shall conclude rate contracts
with the registered suppliers, for goods and items of standard types, which are identified as
common user items and are needed on recurring basis by various Departments.
Definition of Registered suppliers is given in Rule 131 below. The State Purchase
Organisation will furnish and update all the relevant details of the rate contracts in its web site.
The Departments shall follow those rate contracts to the maximum extent possible on direct
payment basis and not on book transfer basis.
Rule 131. Registration of Suppliers :
(i) With a view to establishing reliable sources for procurement of goods commonly required
for Government use, the State Purchase Organisation will prepare and maintain item-wise
lists of eligible and capable suppliers. Such approved suppliers will be known as "Registered
Suppliers". All Departments may utilize these lists as and when necessary. Such registered
suppliers are prima facie eligible for consideration for procurement of goods through Limited
Tender Enquiry. They are also ordinarily exempted from furnishing bid security along with
their bids. A Head of Department may also register suppliers of goods which are specifically
required by that Department or Office.
(ii) Credentials, manufacturing capability, quality control systems, past performance, aftersales service, financial background etc. of the supplier(s) should be carefully verified before
registration.

(iii) The supplier(s) will be registered for a fixed period (between 1 to 3 years) depending on
the nature of the goods. At the end of this period, the registered supplier(s) willing to continue
with registration are to apply afresh for renewal of registration. New supplier(s) may also be
considered for registration at any time, provided they fulfil all the required conditions.
(iv) Performance and conduct of every registered supplier is to be watched by the concerned
Department. The registered supplier(s) are liable to be removed from the list of approved
suppliers if they fail to abide by the terms and conditions of the registration or fail to supply the
goods on time or supply substandard goods or make any false declaration to any Government
agency or for any ground which, in the opinion of the Government, is not in public interest.
Rule 131A. Enlistment of Indian Agents : As per the Compulsory Enlistment Scheme of the
Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance, Government of India it is compulsory for
Indian agents, who desire to quote directly on behalf of their foreign principals, to get
themselves enlisted with the Central Purchase Organisation (eg. DGS&D). Such Indian agents
will have to get themselves registered with State Purchase Organisation. However, such
enlistment is not equivalent to registration of suppliers as mentioned under Rule 131 above.
Rule 131B. Price Preference and other concessions for public sector and state suppliers:
A maximum of 2 (two) percent price preference will be given to the goods produced by the
large/medium industries (including Public Sector Undertakings) located and registered in the
State over the goods produced by the large/medium industries located outside the State of
Bihar . Similarly, 7 (seven) percent price preference will be given to the goods produced by the
small scale units located and permanently registered in the State of Bihar over the goods
produced by the small/medium/large industries located outside the State. While giving price
preference, no relaxation is to made in terms of quality and specifications. The small scale
units located in Bihar shall not be liable to deposit earnest money. They will have to deposit
only 20 percent of the general security amount. however, after receiving the purchase order, if
they fail to supply the goods, without any appropriate reason, they will be blacklisted as per the
procedure laid down.
Rule 131C. Purchase of goods without quotation : Purchase of goods upto the value of Rs.
15,000/- (Rupees Fifteen Thousand) only on each occasion may be made without inviting
quotations or bids on the basis of a certificate to be recorded by the competent authority in the
following format.
"I, ___________________, am personally satisfied that these goods purchased are of the
requisite quality and specification and have been purchased from a reliable supplier at a
reasonable price."
Rule 131D. Purchase of goods by purchase committee : Purchase of goods costing above
Rs. 15,000/- (Rupees Fifteen Thousand) only and upto Rs. 1,00,000/- (Rupees One lakh) only
on each occasion may be made on the recommendations of a duly constituted Local Purchase
Committee consisting of three members of an appropriate level as decided by the Head of the
Department. The committee will survey the market to ascertain the reasonableness of rate,
quality and specifications and identify the appropriate supplier. Before recommending
placement of the purchase order, the members of the committee will jointly record a certificate
as under.
"Certified that we _____________________, members of the purchase committee are jointly
and individually satisfied that the goods recommended for purchase are of the requisite
specification and quality, priced at the prevailing market rate and the supplier recommended is
reliable and competent to supply the goods in question. "
Rule 131E. Purchase of goods directly under rate contract :
(1) In case a Department directly procures Central Purchase Organisation (e.g. DGS&D)/Sate
Purchase Organisation rate contracted goods from suppliers, the prices to be paid for such
goods shall not exceed those stipulated in the rate contract and the other salient terms and

conditions of the purchase should be in line with those specified in the rate contract. The
Department shall make its own arrangement for inspection and testing of such goods where
required.
(2) The State Purchase Organisation (e.g. DGS&D) should host the specifications, prices and
other salient details of different rate contracted items, appropriately updated, on the web site
for use by the procuring Department.
Rule 131F. A demand for goods should not be divided into small quantities to make piece
meal purchases to avoid the necessity of obtaining the sanction of higher authority required
with reference to the estimated value of the total demand.
Rule 131G. Purchase of goods by obtaining bids: Except in cases covered under Rule 131C,
131D and 131E(1), Departments shall procure goods under the powers referred to in Rule 128
above by following the standard method of obtaining bids in :
(i) Advertised Tender Enquiry;
(ii) Limited Tender Enquiry;
(iii) Single Tender Enquiry.
Rule 131H. Advertised Tender Enquiry.
(i) Subject to exceptions incorporated under Rules 131I and 131J, invitation to tenders by
advertisement should be used for procurement of goods of estimated value Rs. 25 lakh (Rupees
Twenty Five Lakh) and above. Advertisement in such case should be given in the Indian Trade
Journal (ITJ), published by the Director General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics,
Kolkata and at least in one national daily having wide circulation.
(ii) An organisation having its own web site should also publish all its advertised tender
enquiries on the web site and provide a link with NIC web site. It should also give its web site
address in the advertisements in ITJ and newspapers.
(iii) The organisation should also post the complete bidding document in its web site and
permit prospective bidders to make use of the document downloaded from the web site. If such
a downloaded bidding document is priced, there should be clear instructions for the bidder to
pay the amount by demand draft etc. along with the bid.
(iv) Where the Department feels that the goods of the required quality, specifications etc.,
may not be available in the country and it is necessary to also look for suitable competitive
offers from abroad, the Department may send copies of the tender notice to the Indian
embassies abroad as well as to the foreign embassies in India. The selection of the embassies
will depend on the possibility of availability of the required goods in such countries.
(v) Ordinarily, the minimum time to be allowed for submission of bids should be three weeks
from the date of publication of the tender notice or availability of the bidding document for
sale, whichever is later.Where the department also contemplates obtaining bids from abroad,
the minimum period should be kept as four weeks for both domestic
and foreign bidders.
Rule 131I. Limited Tender Enquiry.
(i) This method may be adopted when estimated value of the goods to be procured is up to
Rupees Twenty-five Lakhs. Copies of the bidding document should be sent directly by speed
post/registered post/courier/e-mail to firms which are borne on the list of registered
suppliers for the goods in question as referred under Rule 131 above. The number of supplier
firms in Limited Tender Enquiry should be more than three. Further, web based publicity
should be given for limited tenders. Efforts should be made to identify a higher number of
approved suppliers to obtain more responsive bids on competitive basis.
(ii) Purchase through Limited Tender Enquiry may be adopted even where the estimated value
of the procurement is more than Rupees twenty five Lakhs, in the following circumstances.
(a) The competent authority in the Department certifies that the demand is urgent and any
additional expenditure involved by not procuring through advertised tender enquiry is justified

in view of urgency. The Department should also put on record the nature of the urgency and
reasons why the procurement could not be anticipated.
(b) There are sufficient reasons, to be recorded in writing by the competent authority,
indicating that it will not be in public interest to procure the goods through advertised tender
enquiry.
(c) The sources of supply are definitely known and possibility of fresh
source(s) beyond those being tapped, is remote.
(iii) Sufficient time should be allowed for submission of bids in Limited Tender Enquiry cases.
Rule 131J. Two bid system : For purchasing high value plant, machinery etc. of a complex
and technical nature, bids may be obtained in two parts as under :(a) Technical bid consisting of all technical details alongwith commercial terms and
conditions; and
(b) Financial bid indicating item-wise price for the items mentioned in the technical bid.
The technical bid and the financial bid should be sealed by the bidder in separate covers duly
superscribed and both these sealed covers are to be put in a bigger cover which should also be
sealed and duly superscribed. The technical bids are to be opened by the purchasing
Department at the first instance and evaluated by a competent committee or authority. At the
second stage financial bids of only the technically acceptable offers should be opened for
further evaluation and ranking before awarding the contract.
Rule 131K. Late Bids : In the case of advertised tender enquiry or limited tender enquiry, late
bids (i.e. bids received after the specified date and time for receipt of bids) should not be
considered.
Rule 131L. Single Tender Enquiry.
Procurement from a single source may be resorted to in the following circumstances :
(i) It is in the knowledge of the user department that only a particular firm is the manufacturer
of the required goods.
(ii) In a case of emergency, the required goods are necessarily to be purchased from a
particular source and the reason for such decision is to be recorded and approval of competent
authority obtained.
(iii) For standardisation of machinery or spare parts to be compatible to the existing sets of
equipment (on the advice of a competent technical expert and approved by the competent
authority), the required item is to be purchased only from a selected firm.
Note : Proprietary Article Certificate in the following form is to be provided by the Department
before procuring the goods from a single source under the provision of sub Rule 131L (i) and
131L (iii) as applicable.
'(i) The indented goods are manufactured by M/s....
(ii) No other make or model is acceptable for the following reasons :
.
.
.
(iii) Concurrence of internal finance wing/Finance Department to the proposal vide :
..
(iv) Approval of the competent authority vide :
________________________
________________________
(Signature with date and designation
of the procuring officer)'
Rule 131M. Contents of Bidding Document : All the terms, conditions, stipulations and
information to be incorporated in the bidding document are to be shown in the appropriate
chapters as below :-

Chapter 1 : Instructions to Bidders.

Chapter 2 : Conditions of Contract.
Chapter 3 : Schedule of Requirements.
Chapter 4 : Specifications and allied Technical Details.
Chapter 5 : Price Schedule (to be utilised by the bidders for quoting their prices).
Chapter 6 : Contract Form.
Chapter 7 : Other Standard Forms, if any, to be utilised by the purchaser and the bidders.
Rule 131N. Maintenance Contract : Depending on the cost and nature of the goods to be
purchased, it may also be necessary to enter into maintenance contract(s) of suitable period
either with the supplier of the goods or with any other competent firm, not necessarily the
supplier of the subject goods. Such maintenance contracts are especially needed for
sophisticated and costly equipment and machinery. It may however be kept in mind that the
equipment or machinery is maintained free of charge by the supplier during its warranty period
or such other extended periods as the contract terms may provide and the paid maintenance
should commence only thereafter.
Rule 131O. Bid Security :
(i) To safeguard against a bidders withdrawing or altering its bid during the bid validity period
in the case of advertised or limited tender enquiry, Bid Security (also known as Earnest
Money) is to be obtained from the bidders except those who are registered with the Central
Purchase Organisation/State Purchase Organisation, National Small Industries Corporation
(NSIC) or the concerned Department. The bidders should be asked to
furnish bid security along with their bids. Amount of bid security should ordinarily range
between two percent to five percent of the estimated value of the goods to be procured. The
exact amount of bid security, should be determined accordingly by the Department and
indicated in the bidding documents. The bid security may be accepted in the form of Account
Payee Demand Draft, Fixed Deposit Receipt, Banker's Cheque or Bank Guarantee from any of
the commercial banks in an acceptable form, safeguarding the purchaser's interest in all
respects. The bid security is normally to remain valid for a period of forty-five days beyond the
final bid validity period.
(ii) Bid securities of the unsuccessful bidders should be returned to them at the earliest after
expiry of the final bid validity and latest on or before the 30th day after the award of the
contract.
Rule 131P. Performance Security :
(i) To ensure due performance of the contract, Performance Security is to be obtained from the
successful bidder awarded the contract. Performance Security is to be obtained from every
successful bidder irrespective of its registration status etc. Performance Security should be for
an amount of five to ten per cent. of the value of the contract. Performance Security may be
furnished in the form of an Account payee Demand Draft, Fixed Deposit Receipt from a
Commercial bank, Bank Guarantee from a Commercial bank in an acceptable form
safeguarding the purchasers interest in all respects.
(ii) Performance Security should remain valid for a period of sixty days beyond the date of
completion of all contractual obligations of the supplier including warranty obligations.
(iii) Bid security should be refunded to the successful bidder on receipt of Performance
Security.
Rule 131Q.
(1) Advance payment to supplier : Ordinarily, payments for services rendered or supplies
made should be released only after the services have been rendered or supplies made.
However, it may become necessary to make advance payments in the following types of cases
:(i) Advance payment demanded by firms holding maintenance contracts for servicing of Airconditioners, computers, other costly equipment, etc.

(ii) Advance payment demanded by firms against fabrication contracts, turn-key contracts etc.
Such advance payments should not exceed the following limits :
(i) Thirty per cent. of the contract value to private firms;
(ii) Forty per cent. of the contract value to a State or Central Government agency or a Public
Sector Undertaking; or
(iii) in case of maintenance contract, the amount should not exceed the amount payable for six
months under the contract.
Departments may relax, in consultation with Internal Finance Advisor/Finance Department
concerned, the ceilings(including percentage laid down for advance payment for private firms)
mentioned above. While making any advance payment as above, adequate safeguards in the
form of bank guarantee etc should be obtained from the firm.
(2) Part payment to suppliers : Depending on the terms of delivery incorporated in a
contract, part payment to the supplier may be released after it despatches the goods from its
premises in terms of the contract.
Rule 131R. Transparency, competition, fairness and elimination of arbitrariness in the
procurement process : All government purchases should be made in a transparent,
competitive and fair manner, to secure best value for money. This will also enable the
prospective bidders to formulate and send their competitive bids with confidence. Some of the
measures for ensuring the above are as follows:(i) the text of the bidding document should be self-contained and comprehensive without any
ambiguities. All essential information, which a bidder needs for sending responsive bid, should
be clearly spelt out in the bidding document in simple language. The bidding document should
contain, inter alia;
(a) the criteria for eligibility and qualifications to be met by the bidders such as minimum level
of experience, past performance, technical capability, manufacturing facilities and financial
position etc.;
(b) eligibility criteria for goods indicating any legal restrictions or conditions about the origin
of goods etc which may required to be met by the successful bidder;
(c) the procedure as well as date, time and place for sending the bids;
(d) date, time and place of opening of the bid;
(e) terms of delivery;
(f) special terms affecting performance, if any.
(ii) Suitable provision should be kept in the bidding document to enable a bidder to question
the bidding conditions, bidding process and/ or rejection of its bid.
(iii) Suitable provision for settlement of disputes, if any, emanating from the resultant contract,
should be kept in the bidding document.
(iv) The bidding document should indicate clearly that the resultant contract will be interpreted
under Indian Laws.
(v) The bidders should be given reasonable time to send their bids.
(vi) The bids should be opened in public and authorised representatives of the bidders should
be permitted to attend the bid opening.
(vii) The specifications of the required goods should be clearly stated without any ambiguity so
that the prospective bidders can send meaningful bids. In order to attract sufficient number of
bidders, the specification should be general and broad based to the extent feasible. Efforts
should also be made to use standard specifications which are widely known to the industry.
(viii) Pre-bid conference : In case of turn-key contract(s) or contract(s) of special nature for
procurement of sophisticated and costly equipment, a suitable provision is to be kept in the
bidding documents for a pre-bid conference for clarifying issues and clearing doubts, if any,
about the specifications and other allied technical details of the plant, equipment and
machinery projected in the bidding document. The date, time and place of pre-bid conference
should be indicated in the bidding document. This date should be sufficiently ahead of bid
opening date.

(ix) Criteria for determining responsiveness of bids, criteria as well as factors to be taken into
account for evaluating the bids on a common platform and the criteria for awarding the
contract to the responsive lowest bidder should be clearly indicated in the bidding documents.
(x) Bids received should be evaluated in terms of the conditions already incorporated in the
bidding documents; no new condition which was not incorporated in the bidding documents
should be brought in for evaluation of the bids. Determination of a bid's responsiveness should
be based on the contents of the bid itself without recourse to extrinsic evidence.
(xi) Bidders should not be permitted to alter or modify their bids after expiry of the deadline
for receipt of bids.
(xii) Negotiation with bidders after bid opening must be severely discouraged. However, in
exceptional circumstances where price negotiation against an ad-hoc procurement is necessary
due to some unavoidable circumstances, the same may be resorted to only with the lowest
evaluated responsive bidder.
(xiii) In the rate contract system, where a number of firms are brought on rate contract for the
same item, negotiation as well as counter offering of rates are permitted with the bidders in
view and for this purpose special permission should be given to the State Purchase
Organisation.
(xiv) Contract should ordinarily be awarded to the lowest evaluated bidder whose bid has been
found to be responsive and who is eligible and qualified to perform the contract satisfactorily
as per the terms and conditions incorporated in the corresponding bidding document. However,
where the lowest acceptable bidder against ad-hoc requirement is not in a position to supply
the full quantity required, the remaining quantity, as far as possible, be ordered from the next
higher responsive bidder at the rates offered by the lowest responsive bidder.
(xv) The name of the successful bidder awarded the contract should be mentioned in the
Departments notice board or bulletin or web site 66.
Rule 131S. Efficiency, Economy and Accountability in Public Procurement System :
Public procurement procedure is also to ensure efficiency, economy and accountability in the
system. To achieve the same, the following keys areas should be addressed :(i) To reduce delay, appropriate time frame for each stage of procurement should be prescribed
by the Department. Such a time frame will also make the concerned purchase officials more
alert.
(ii) To minimise the time needed for decision making and placement of contract, every
Department, with the approval of the competent authority, may delegate, wherever necessary,
appropriate purchasing powers to the lower functionaries.
(iii) The Departments should ensure placement of contract within the original validity of the
bids. Extension of bid validity must be discouraged and resorted to only in exceptional
circumstances.
(iv) The designated State Purchase Organisation(s) should bring into the rate contract system
more and more common user items which are frequently needed in bulk by various
Government departments.
The State Purchase Organisation should also ensure that the rate contracts remain available
without any break.
Rule 131T. Buy-Back Offer : When it is decided with the approval of the competent authority
to replace an existing old item(s) with a new and better version, the department may trade the
existing old item while purchasing the new one. For this purpose, a suitable clause is to be
incorporated in the bidding document so that the prospective and interested bidders formulate
their bids accordingly. Depending on the value and condition of the old item to be traded, the
time as well as the mode of handing over the old item to the successful bidder should be
decided and relevant details in this regard suitably incorporated in the bidding document.
Further, suitable provision should also be kept in the bidding document to enable the purchaser
either to trade or not to trade the item
while purchasing the new one.

II. PROCUREMENT OF SERVICES

Rule 131U. The
Departments may hire external professionals, consultancy firms or
consultants (referred to as consultant hereinafter) for a specific job, which is well defined in
terms of content and time frame for its completion or outsource certain services.
Rule 131V. This chapter contains the fundamental principles applicable to all Departments
regarding engagement of consultant(s) and outsourcing of services. Detailed instructions to this
effect may be issued by the concerned Ministries or Departments. However, the Departments
shall ensure that they do not contravene the basic rules contained in this chapter.
Rule 131W. Identification of Work / Services required to be performed by Consultants :
Engagement of consultants may be resorted to in situations requiring high quality services for
which the concerned
Department does not have requisite expertise. Approval of the
competent authority should be obtained before engaging consultant(s).
Rule 131X. Preparation of scope of the required work / service : The Departments should
prepare in simple and concise language the requirement, objectives and the scope of the
assignment. The eligibility and pre-qualification criteria to be met by the consultants should
also be clearly identified at this stage.
Rule 131Y. Estimating reasonable expenditure :
Department proposing to engage
consultant(s) should estimate reasonable expenditure for the same by ascertaining the prevalent
market conditions and consulting other organisations engaged in similar activities.
Rule 131Z. Identification of likely sources :
(i) Where the estimated cost of the work or service is upto Rupees twenty-five lakhs,
preparation of a long list of potential consultants may be done on the basis of formal or
informal enquiries from other Departments or Organisations involved in similar activities,
Chambers of Commerce & Industry, Association of consultancy firms etc.
(ii) Where the estimated cost of the work or service is above Rupees twenty-five lakhs, in
addition to (i) above, an enquiry for seeking Expression of Interest from consultants should
be published in at least one national daily and the Department's web site. The web site address
should also be given in the advertisements. Enquiry for seeking Expression of Interest should
include in brief, the broad scope of work or service, inputs to be provided by the Department,
eligibility and the pre-qualification criteria to be met by the consultant(s) and consultants past
experience in similar work or service. The
consultants may also be asked to send their comments on the objectives and scope of the work
or service projected in the enquiry.Adequate time should be allowed for getting responses from
interested consultants
Rule 131ZA. Short listing of consultants : On the basis of responses received from the
interested parties as per Rule 131Z above, consultants meeting the requirements should be
short listed for further consideration. The number of shortlisted consultants should not be less
than three.
Rule 131ZB. Preparation of Terms of Reference (TOR) : The TOR should include
(i) Precise statement of objectives;
(ii) Outline of the tasks to be carried out;
(iii) Schedule for completion of tasks;
(iv) The support or inputs to be provided by the Department
to facilitate the consultancy.
(v) The final outputs that will be required of the Consultant;
Rule 131ZC. Preparation and Issue of Request for Proposal (RFP) : RFP is the

document to be used by the Department for obtaining offers from the consultants for the
required work / service. The RFP should be issued to the shortlisted consultants to seek their
technical and financial proposals. The RFP should contain :
(i) A letter of Invitation
(ii) Information to Consultants regarding the procedure for submission
of proposal .
(iii) Terms of Reference (TOR).
(iv) Eligibility and pre-qualification criteria incase the same has not
been ascertained through Enquiry for Expression of Interest.
(v) List of key position whose CV and experience would be evaluated.
(vi) Bid evaluation criteria and selection procedure.
(vii) Standard formats for technical and financial proposal.
(viii) Proposed contract terms.
(ix) Procedure proposed to be followed for midterm review of the
progress of the work and review of the final draft report.
Rule 131ZD. Receipt and opening of proposals : Proposals should ordinarily be asked for
from consultants in Two-bid system with technical and financial bids sealed separately. The
bidder should put these two sealed envelops in a bigger envelop duly sealed and submit the
same to the Department by the specified date and time at the specified place. On receipt, the
technical proposals should be opened first by the Department at the specified date, time and
place.
Rule 131ZE. Late Bids : Late bids i.e. bids received after the specified date and time of
receipt, should not be considered.
Rule 131ZF. Evaluation of Technical Bids : Technical bids should be analysed and evaluated
by a Consultancy Evaluation Committee (CEC) constituted by the Department. The CEC shall
record in detail the reasons for acceptance or rejection of the technical proposals analysed and
evaluated by it.
Rule 131ZG. Evaluation of Financial Bids of the technically qualified bidders :
The Department shall open the financial bids of only those bidders who have been declared
technically qualified by the Consultancy Evaluation Committee as per Rule 131ZF above for
further analysis or evaluation and ranking and selecting the successful bidder for placement of
the consultancy contract.
Rule 131ZG. Consultancy by nomination : Under some special circumstances, it may
become necessary to select a particular consultant where adequate justification is available for
such single-source selection in the context of the overall interest of the Department. Full
justification for single source selection should be recorded in the file and approval of the
competent authority obtained before resorting to such single-source selection.
Rule 131ZH. Monitoring the Contract : The Department should be involved throughout in
the conduct of consultancy, preferably by taking a task force approach and continuously
monitoring the performance of the consultant(s) so that the output of the consultancy is in line
with the Departments objectives.
OUTSOURCING OF SERVICES
Rule 131ZI. Outsourcing of Services : A Department may outsource certain services in the
interest of economy and efficiency and it may prescribe detailed instructions and procedures
for this purpose without, however, contravening the following basic guidelines.

Rule 131ZJ. Identification of likely contractors : The Departmentshould prepare a list of

likely and potential contractors on the basis of formal or informal enquiries from other
Ministries or Departments and Organisations involved in similar activities, scrutiny of Yellow
pages, and trade journals, if available, web site etc.
Rule 131ZK. Preparation of Tender enquiry : Department should prepare a tender enquiry
containing, inter alia :
(i) The details of the work or service to be performed by the contractor;
(ii) The facilities and the inputs which will be provided to the contractor by the Department;
(iii) Eligibility and qualification criteria to be met by the contractor for performing the required
work / service; and
(iv) The statutory and contractual obligations to be complied with by the contractor.
Rule 131ZL. Invitation of Bids :
(a) For estimated value of the work or service upto Rupees ten lakhs or less : The Department
should scrutinise the preliminary list of likely contractors as identified as per Rule 131ZJ
above, decide the prima facie eligible and capable contractors and issue limited tender enquiry
to them asking for their offers by a specified date and time etc. as per standard practice. The
number of the contractors so identified for issuing limited tender enquiry should not be less
than six.
(b) For estimated value of the work or service above Rupees ten lakhs:
The Department should issue advertised tender enquiry asking for the offers by a specified
date and time etc. in at least one popular largely circulated national newspaper and web site of
the Department.
Rule 131ZM. Late Bids : Late bids i.e. bids received after the specified date and time of
receipt, should not be considered.
Rule 131ZN. Evaluation of Bids Received : The Department should evaluate, segregate,
rank the responsive bids and select the successful bidder for placement of the contract.
Rule 131ZO. Outsourcing by Choice : Should it become necessary, in an exceptional
situation to outsource a job to a specifically chosen contractor, the Competent Authority in the
Department may do so in consultation with the Internal Financial Adviser. In such cases the
detailed justification, the circumstances leading to the outsourcing by choice and the special
interest or purpose it shall serve shall form an integral part of the proposal.
Rule 131ZP. Monitoring the Contract : The Department should be involved throughout in
the conduct of the contract and continuously monitor the performance of the contractor.

6.
Deletion of Appendix 8 of the Bihar Finance Rules relating to rules for the
supply of articles of stores
Appendix 8 of the Bihar Finance Rules will be deleted.
7.

Substitution of Title of Chapter 8 of the Bihar Finance Rules

The title of Chapter 8 "Receipts of Stores" of the Bihar Finance Rules will be
substituted by "Inventory Management"
8.
Substitution of Rules 132 to 153 of the Bihar Finance Rules relating to
stores
Rules 132 to 153 of the Bihar Finance Rules will be substituted by the rules
which are as follows :"Rule 132. This chapter contains the basic rules applicable to all Ministries or Departments
regarding inventory management. Detailed instructions and procedures relating to inventory

management may be prescribed by various Ministries or Departments broadly in conformity

with the basic rules contained in this chapter.
Rule 133. Receipt of goods and materials from private suppliers :
(1) While receiving goods and materials from a supplier, the officerincharge of stores should
refer to the relevant contract terms and follow the prescribed procedure for receiving the
materials.
(2) All materials shall be counted, measured or weighed and subjected to visual inspection at
the time of receipt to ensure that the quantities are correct, the quality is according to the
required specifications and there is no damage or deficiency in the
materials. Technical inspection where required should be carried out at this stage by Technical
Inspector or Agency approved for the purpose. An appropriate receipt, in terms of the relevant
contract provisions may also be given to the supplier on receiving the
materials.
(3) Details of the material so received should thereafter be entered in the appropriate stock
register. The officer-in-charge of stores should certify that he has actually received the material
and recorded it in the appropriate stock registers.
Rule 134. Receipt / issue of goods and materials from internal divisions of
the same organisation :
(1) The indenting officer requiring goods and materials from internal division(s) of the same
organisation should project an indent in the prescribed form for this purpose. While receiving
the supply against the indent, the indenting officer shall examine, count, measure or weigh the
materials as the case may be, to ensure that the quantities are correct, the quality is in line with
the required specifications and there is no damage or deficiency in the materials. An
appropriate receipt shall also be given to this effect by the indenting officer to the division
sending the materials.
(2) In the case of issue of materials from stock for departmental use, manufacture, sale, etc.,
the Officer-in-charge of the stores shall see that an appropriate indent, in the prescribed form
has been projected by the indenting officer. A written acknowledgement of receipt of material
issued shall be obtained from the indenting officer or his authorised representative at the time
of issue of materials.
(3) In case of materials issued to a contractor, the cost of which is recoverable from the
contractor, all relevant particulars, including the recovery rates and the total value chargeable
to the contractor should be got acknowledged from the contractor duly signed and dated.
(4) If the Officer-in-charge of the stores is unable to comply with the indent in full, he should
make the supply to the extent available and make suitable entry to this effect in the indentors
copy of the indent. In case alternative materials are available in lieu of the
indented materials, a suitable indication to this effect may be made in the document.
Rule 135. Custody of goods and materials : The officer-in-charge of stores having custody of
goods and materials, especially valuable and / or combustible articles, shall take appropriate
steps for arranging their safe custody, proper storage accommodation, including arrangements
for maintaining required temperature, dust free environment etc.
Rule 136. Lists and Accounts :
(1) The Officer-in-charge of stores shall maintain suitable item-wise lists and accounts and
prepare accurate returns in respect of the goods and materials in his charge making it possible
at any point of time to check the actual balances with the book balances.
The form of the stock accounts mentioned above shall be determined with reference to the
nature of the goods and materials, the frequency of the transactions and the special
requirements of the concerned Ministries /Departments.
(2) Separate accounts shall be kept for
(i) Fixed Assets such as plant, machinery, equipment, furniture,
fixtures etc. in the Form F.R. - 5A.

(ii) Consumables such as office stationery, chemicals,

maintenance spare parts etc. in the Form F.R. - 5B.
(iii) Library books in the Form F.R. 5C
(iv) Assets of historical / artistic value held by museum /
government departments in the Form F.R. - 5D.
Note : These forms can be supplemented with additional details by Departments as required.
Rule 137. Hiring out of Fixed Assets : When a fixed asset is hired to local bodies, contractors
or others, proper record should be kept of the assets and the hire and other charges as
determined under rules prescribed by the competent authority, should be recovered regularly.
Calculation of the charges to be recovered from the local bodies, contractors and others as
above should be based on the historical cost.
Rule 138.
(1) Physical verification of Fixed Assets : The inventory for fixed assets shall ordinarily be
maintained at site. Fixed assets should be verified at least once in a year and the outcome of the
verification recorded in the corresponding register. Discrepancies, if any, shall be promptly
investigated and brought to account.
(2) Verification of Consumables : A physical verification of all the consumable goods and
materials should be undertaken at least once in a year and discrepancies, if any, should be
recorded in the stock register for appropriate action by the competent authority.
(3) Procedure for verification :
(i) Verification shall always be made in the presence of the officer, responsible for the custody
of the inventory being verified.
(ii) A certificate of verification alongwith the findings shall be recorded in the stock register.
(iii) Discrepancies, including shortages, damages and unserviceable goods, if any, identified
during verification, shall immediately be brought to the notice of the competent
authority for taking appropriate action in accordance with provision given in Rule 31 to 35.
Rule 139. Buffer Stock : Depending on the frequency of requirement and quantity thereof as
well as the pattern of supply of a consumable material, optimum buffer stock should be
determined by the competent authority.
Note : As the inventory carrying cost is an expenditure that does not add value to the material
being stocked, a material remaining in stock for over a year shall generally be considered
surplus, unless adequate reasons to treat it otherwise exist.
Rule 140. Physical verification of Library books :
(i) Complete physical verification of books should be done every year in case of libraries
having not more than twenty thousand volumes. For libraries having more than twenty
thousand volumes and upto fifty thousand volumes, such verification should be done at least
once in three years. Sample physical verification at intervals of not 74 more than three years
should be done in case of libraries having more than fifty thousand volumes. In case such a
verification reveals unusual or unreasonable shortages, complete verification shall be done.
(ii) Loss of five volumes per one thousand volumes of books issued / consulted in a year may
be taken as reasonable provided such losses are not attributable to dishonesty or negligence.
However, loss of a book of a value exceeding Rs. 1,000/- (Rupees One thousand only) and rare
books irrespective of value shall invariably be investigated and appropriate action taken.
Rule 141. Transfer of charge of goods, materials etc. : In case of transfer of Officer-incharge of the goods, materials etc., the transferred officer shall see that the goods or material
are made over correctly to his successor. A statement giving all relevant details of the goods,
materials etc., in question shall be prepared and signed with date by the relieving officer and
the relieved officer. Each of these officers will retain a copy of the signed statement.
Rule 142. Disposal of Goods.

(i) An item may be declared surplus or obsolete or unserviceable if the same is of no use to the
Department. The reasons for declaring the item surplus or obsolete or unserviceable should be
recorded by the authority competent to purchase the item.
(ii) The competent authority may, at his discretion, constitute a committee at appropriate level
to declare item(s) as surplus or obsolete or unserviceable.
(iii) The book value, guiding price and reserved price, which will be required while disposing
of the surplus goods, should also be worked out. In case where it is not possible to work out the
book value, the original purchase price of the goods in question may be
utilised. A report of stores for disposal shall be prepared in Form F.R. - 5E.
(iv) In case an item becomes unserviceable due to negligence, fraud or mischief on the part of a
Government servant, responsibility for the same should be fixed.
Rule 143. Modes of Disposal :
(i) Surplus or obsolete or unserviceable goods of assessed residual value above Rupees Two
Lakh should be disposed of by :
a) obtaining bids through advertised tender or
b) public auction.
(ii) For surplus or obsolete or unserviceable goods with residual value less than Rupees Two
Lakh, the mode of disposal will be determined by the competent authority, keeping in view the
necessity to avoid accumulation of such goods and consequential blockage of space and,
also,deterioration in value of goods to be disposed of.
(iii) Certain surplus or obsolete or unserviceable goods such as expired medicines, food grain,
ammunition etc., which are hazardous or unfit for human consumption, should be disposed of
or destroyed immediately by adopting suitable mode so as to avoid any health hazard and / or
environmental pollution and also the possibility of misuse of such goods.
(iv) Surplus or obsolete or unserviceable goods, equipment and documents, which involve
security concerns (e.g. currency, negotiable instruments, receipt books, stamps, security press
etc.) should be disposed of / destroyed in an appropriate manner to ensure compliance with
rules relating to official secrets as well as financial prudence.
Rule 144. Disposal through Advertised Tender.
(i) The broad steps to be adopted for this purpose are as follows :
a) Preparation of bidding documents.
b) Invitation of tender for the surplus goods to be sold.
c) Opening of bids.
d) Analysis and evaluation of bids received.
e) Selection of highest responsive bidder.
f) Collection of sale value from the selected bidder.
g) Issue of sale release order to the selected bidder.
h) Release of the sold surplus goods to the selected bidder.
i) Return of bid security to the unsuccessful bidders.
(ii) The important aspects to be kept in view while disposing the goods through advertised
tender are as under :(a) The basic principle for sale of such goods through advertised tender is ensuring
transparency, competition, fairness and elimination of discretion. Wide publicity should be
ensured of the sale plan and the goods to be sold. All the required terms and conditions of sale
are to be incorporated in the bidding document comprehensively in plain and simple language.
Applicability of taxes, as relevant, should be clearly stated in the document.
(b) The bidding document should also indicate the location and present condition of the goods
to be sold so that the bidders can inspect the goods before bidding.
(c) The bidders should be asked to furnish bid security along with their bids. The amount of bid
security should ordinarily be ten per cent.of the assessed or reserved price of the goods. The
exact bid security amount should be indicated in the bidding document.
(d) The bid of the highest acceptable responsive bidder should normally be accepted. However,
if the price offered by that bidder is not acceptable, negotiation may be held only with that

bidder. In case such negotiation does not provide the desired result, the reasonable or
acceptable price may be counter-offered to the next highest responsive bidder(s).
(e) In case the total quantity to be disposed of cannot be taken up by the highest acceptable
bidder, the remaining quantity may be offered to the next higher bidder(s) at the price offered
by the highest acceptable bidder.
(f) Full payment, i.e. the residual amount after adjusting the bid security should be obtained
from the successful bidder before releasing the goods.
(g) In case the selected bidder does not show interest in lifting the goods, the bid security
should be forfeited and other actions initiated including re-sale of the goods in question at the
risk and cost of the defaulter, after obtaining legal advice.
(iii) Late bids i.e. bids received after the specified date and time of receipt should not to be
considered.
Rule 145. Disposal through Auction :
(i) A Department may undertake auction of goods to be disposed of either directly or through
approved auctioneers.
(ii) The basic principles to be followed here are similar to those applicable for disposal through
advertised tender so as to ensure transparency, competition, fairness and elimination of
discretion. The auction plan including details of the goods to be auctioned and their location,
applicable terms and conditions of the sale etc. should be given wide publicity in the same
manner as is done in case of advertised tender.
(iii) While starting the auction process, the condition and location of the goods to be auctioned,
applicable terms and conditions of sale etc., (as already indicated earlier while giving vide
publicity for the same), should be announced again for the benefit of the assembled bidders.
(iv) During the auction process, acceptance or rejection of a bid should be announced
immediately on the stroke of the hammer. If a bid is accepted, earnest money (not less than
twenty-five per cent. of the bid value) should immediately be taken on the spot from the
successful bidder either in cash or in the form of Deposit-at-Call-Receipt (DACR), drawn in
favour of the Department selling the goods. The goods should be handed
over to the successful bidder only after receiving the balance payment.
(v) The composition of the auction team will be decided by the competent authority. The team
should however include an officer of the Internal Finance Wing of the department.
Rule 146. Disposal at scrap value or by other modes : If a Department is unable to sell any
surplus or obsolete or unserviceable item in spite of its attempts through advertised tender or
auction, it may dispose off the same at its scrap value with the approval of the competent
authority in consultation with Finance division. In case the Department is unable to sell the
item even at its scrap value, it may adopt any other mode of disposal
including destruction of the item in an eco-friendly manner.
Rule 147. A sale account should be prepared for goods disposed of in Form F.R. 5F duly
signed by the officer who supervised the sale or auction.
Rule 148.
(1) Powers to write off : All profits and losses due to revaluation, stock-taking or other causes
shall be duly recorded and adjusted where necessary. Formal sanction of the competent
authority shall be obtained in respect of losses, even though no formal correction or adjustment
in government accounts is involved. Power to write off of losses are available under the
Compendium of Financial Delegations.
(2) Losses due to depreciation : Losses due to depreciation shall be analyzed, and recorded
under following heads, as applicable :(i) normal fluctuation of market prices;
(ii) normal wear and tear;
(iii) lack of foresight in regulating purchases; and
(iv) negligence after purchase.

(3) Losses not due to depreciation : Losses not due to depreciation shall be grouped under the
following heads :(i) losses due to theft or fraud;
(ii) losses due to neglect;
(iii) anticipated losses on account of obsolescence of stores or of purchases in excess of
requirements;
(iv) losses due to damage, and
(v) losses due to extra ordinary situations under Force Majeure conditions like fire, flood,
enemy action, etc.;"

9.
Substitution of Rules 199 to 322 of the Bihar Finance Rules relating to
works
Rules 199 to 322 of the Bihar Finance Rules will be substituted by the following
rules :"Rule 199. Original works means all new constructions, additions and alterations to existing
works, special repairs to newly purchased or previously abandoned buildings or structures,
including remodeling or replacement.
Repair works means works undertaken to maintain building and fixtures.
Rule 200. Administrative control of works includes:
(i) assumption of full responsibility for construction, maintenance and upkeep;
(ii) proper utilization of buildings and allied works;
(iii) provision of funds for execution of these functions.
Rule 201. Powers to sanction works : The powers delegated to various subordinate
authorities to accord administrative approval, sanction expenditure and re-appropriate funds for
works are regulated by the Compendium of of Financial Delegation and other orders contained
in the respective departmental regulations.
Rule 202.
(1) A Ministry or Department at its discretion may directly execute repair works estimated to
cost upto Rupees ten Lakhs after following due procedure indicated in Rule 208.
(2) A Ministry or Department may, at its discretion, assign repair works estimated to cost
above Rupees ten Lakhs and upto Rupees thirty Lakhs to any Public Works Organisation,
which includes State Public Works Divisions, other Central Government organisations
authorised to carry out civil or electrical works such as Central Public Works Department
(CPWD), Military Engineering Service (MES), Border Roads Organisation etc. or Public
Sector Undertakings set up by the Central or State Government to carryout civil or electrical
works.
(3) All original works costing upto Rupees ten Lakhs may be assigned by the Ministry or
Department concerned to a Public Works
Organisations as defined in Rule 202(2).
(4) All original works estimated to cost above Rupees ten Lakhs and repair works estimated to
cost above Rupees thirty Lakhs may be got executed through a Public Works Organisations as
defined in Rule 202(2) after consultation with the Building Construction Department.
Rule 203. Work under the administrative control of the Public Works
Departments : Works not specifically allotted to any Ministry or Department shall be included
in the Grants for Civil Works to be administered by Building Construction Department. No
such work may be financed partly from funds provided in departmental budget and partly from
the budget for Civil works as mentioned above.
Rule 204. General Rules : Subject to the observance of these general rules, the initiation,
authorization and execution of works allotted to a particular Ministry or Department shall be
regulated by detailed rules and orders contained in the respective departmental regulations and
by other special orders applicable to them.
Rule 205.
(1) No works shall be commenced or liability incurred in connection with it until, (i) administrative approval has been obtained from the appropriate authority in each case;

(ii) sanction to incur expenditure has been obtained from the competent authority;
(iii) a properly detailed design has been sanctioned;
(iv) estimates containing the detailed specifications and quantities of various items have been
prepared on the basis of the Schedule of Rates maintained by PWD or other Public Works
Organisations and sanctioned;
(v) funds to cover the charge during the year have been provided by competent authority;
(vi) tenders invited and processed in accordance with rules;
(vii) a Work Order issued.
(2) On grounds of urgency or otherwise, if it becomes necessary to carry out a work or incur a
liability under circumstances when the provisions set out under sub rule 1 of rule 205 cannot be
complied with, the concerned executive officer may do so on his own judgement and
responsibility.
Simultaneously, he should initiate action to obtain approval from the competent authority and
also to intimate the concerned Accounts Officer.
(3) Any development of a project considered necessary while a work is in progress, which is
not contingent on the execution of work as first sanctioned, shall have to be covered by a
supplementary estimate.
Rule 206. For purpose of approval and sanctions, a group of works which forms one project,
shall be considered as one work. The necessity for obtaining approval or sanction of higher
authority to a project which consists of such a group of work should not be avoided because of
the fact that the cost of each particular work in the project is within the powers of such
approval or sanction of a lower authority. This provision, however, shall not apply in case of
works of similar nature which are independent of each other.
Rule 207. Any anticipated or actual savings from a sanctioned estimate for a definite project,
shall not, without special authority, be applied to carry out additional work not contemplated in
the original project.
Rule 208. Procedure for Execution of Works : The broad procedure to be followed by a
Department for execution of works under its own arrangements shall be as under :(i) the detailed procedure relating to expenditure on such works shall be prescribed by
departmental regulations framed in consultation with the Finance Department, generally based
on the procedures and the principles underlying the financial and accounting rules prescribed
for similar works carried out by the Public Works Department (PWD);
(ii) preparation of detailed design and estimates shall precede any sanction for works;
(iii) no work shall be undertaken before Issue of Administrative Approval and expenditure
Sanction by the competent Authority on the basis of estimates framed;
(iv) open tenders will be called for works costing Rupees five lakhs to Rupees ten lakhs;
(v) limited tenders will be called for works costing less than Rupees five lakhs;
(vi) execution of Contract Agreement or Award of work should be done before commencement
of the work;
(vii) final payment for work shall be made only on the personal certificate of the officer-incharge of execution of the work in the format given below:
I .., Executing Officer of (Name of the Work), am personally satisfied
that the work has been executed as per the specifications laid down in the Contract Agreement
and the workmanship is upto the standards followed in the Industry.
Rule 209. For original works and repair works entrusted to a 'Public Works Organisation' as
defined in Rule 202(2), the administrative approval and expenditure sanction shall be accorded
and funds allotted by the concerned authority under these rules and in accordance with the
Compendium of Financial Delegation. The Public Works Organisation shall then execute the
work entrusted to it in accordance with the rules and procedures prescribed in that
organisation.
Rule 210. Review of Projects : After a project costing Rupees ten crores or above is approved,
the Administrative Ministry or Department will set up a Review Committee consisting of a
representative each from the Administrative Ministry, Finance (Internal Financial Advisor) and
the Executing Agency to review the progress of the work. The Review Committee shall have
the powers to accept variation within 10% of the approved estimates. For works costing less

that Rupees ten crores, it will be at the discretion of the Administrative Department to set up a
Review Committee on the above lines.

10.

Insertion of Appendix 1A in Bihar Finance Rules.

The following will be inserted as appendix 1A in the Bihar Finance Rules :"Formula for Price variation Clause

The formula for Price Variation should originally include a fixed element, a material
element and a labour element. The figures representing the material element and the labour
element should reflect the corresponding proportion of input costs, while the fixed element
may range from 10 to 25%. That portion of the price represented by the fixed element, will not
be subject to variation. The portions of the price represented by the material element and
labour element alone will attract Price variation. The formula for Price Variation will thus be :
P1 = P0 { F + a(M1/M0) + b(L1/L0)} - P0
where P1 is the adjustment amount payable to the supplier (a minus figure will indicate
a reduction in the Contract Price)
P0 is the Contract Price at the base level.
F is the Fixed element not subject to Price variation.
a is the assigned percentage to the material element in the Contract price.
b is the assigned percentage to the labour element in the Contract price.
L0 and L1 are the wage indices at the base month and year and at the month and year of
calculation respectively.
M0 and M1 are the material indices at the base month and year and at the month and
year of calculation respectively.
If more than one major item of material is involved, the material element can be broken
up into two or three components such as Mx, My & Mz. Where price variation clause has to be
provided for services (with insignificant inputs of materials) as for example in getting
Technical assistance normally paid in the form of per diem rates, the price variation formula
should have only two elements viz. a high fixed element and a labour element. The fixed
element can in such cases be 50% or more, depending on the markup by the supplier of the per
diem rate vis-a-vis the wage rates."
By the order of Governor, Bihar

Memo No.-6976F(2)
Patna, dated-10-11-2005
Copy forwarded to- The Superintendent, Government Press, Patna for publication in
extraordinary issue of Bihar Gazette. He is also requested to make arrangement for providing
500 copies of the Gazette published to this department.

Memo No.-6976F(2)

Patna, dated-10-11-2005

Copy forwarded to- Chief Secretary, Bihar/ Principal Secretary to Governor/Development

Commissioner/Secretary, Cabinet and Co-ordination Department/All Commissioners and
Secretaries/ All Secretaries/ Resident Commissioner, Bihar Bhawan/All Divisional
Commissioners/ All District Magistrates/ All Deputy Development Commissioners for
information and necessary action.

Memo No.-6976F(2)
Patna, dated-10-11-2005
Copy forwarded to- All concerned officers for information and necessary action.

Memo No.-6976F(2)
Patna, dated-10-11-2005
Copy forwarded to-Accountant General, Patna for information and necessary action.

la- la- ,e & 4&35/2002

fcgkj ljdkj
fok foHkkx
vf/klwpuk
,l0 vks0 6076

F(2)

iVuk] fnukad 10/11/2005

pwfd foxr dbZ o"kksZa esa dbZ ifjorZu gq;s gSa ftuesa rsth ls oSDfYid
lsok rjhdksa dk fodflr gksuk] lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh esa fodkl] ckgjh lzksrksa ls
lsok;sa ysuk] varjkZ"Vh; ekudksa ds vuq:i vf/kizkfIr O;oLFkk] lkexzh izc/a ku dk
mnkjhdj.k 'kkfey gS rFkk
pwfd bu ifjokZuksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, foks"kKksa ds ny ds
izfrosnu ds vk/kkj ij foLr`r leh{kk ,oa foekZ ds mijkUr Hkkjr ljdkj us
lkekU; fokh; fu;ekoyh] 2005 vf/klwfpr dj fn;k gS tks 1 tqykbZ] 2005 ls
iznk;h gS] rFkk
pwfd fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ewyr% Hkkjr ljdkj ds lkekU; fokh;
fu;ekoyh ij vk?kkfjr gS ,oa
pwfd mijksDr ifjorZuksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ferO;f;rk ,oa
ljdkj dh n{krk dks c< k+ us gsrq fcgkj fokh; fu;ekoyh esa lakks/ku dh
vko;drk gS]
blfy;s] fcgkj fok vf/kfu;e] 1981 dh mi/kkjk 1 ,oa 3 esa
iznk 'kfDr;ksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq,] jkT; ljdkj fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh dks
lakks/ku djrs gq, fuEu:is.k fcgkj fok lakks/kufu;ekoyh] 2005 cukrh gS%&

fcgkj fok lakks/ku fu;ekoyh] 2005

1-

2-

laf{kIr uke] izlkj vkSj izkjEHk%&

d

;g fu;ekoyh ^^fcgkj fok lakks/ku fu;ekoyh] 2005^^ dgh tk ldsxhA

[k

bldk izlkj lEiw.kZ fcgkj jkT; esa gksxkA

;g rqjUr ds izHkko ls izo`k ekuh tk;sxhA

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds fu;e 30 ls igys izdj.k

1

XI ds

'kh"kZd dk izfrLFkkiu%&

izdj.k

XI

ds 'kh"kZd ^^lafonk;sa^^ dks ^^lafonk izcU/ku^^ }kjk izfrLFkkfir fd;k

tk;sxk A
3-

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh dh lafonk ls lEcfU/kr fu;e 29 ,oa 30 dk izfrLFkkiu&

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds fu;e 29 ls 30 fuEufyf[kr fu;eksa }kjk izfrLFkkfir
fd;s tk;saxs %&
^^fu;e 291& lHkh lafonk;sa] Hkkjr lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 2991 dh fofk"V inkoyh
esa egkefge jkT;iky ;k muds vknskksa ds v/;/khu ,slk djus ds fy, vf/kd`r
izkf/kdkjh }kjk fd;k tk;sxkA
2 &

jkT; dh dk;Zikfydk 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, lHkh izdkj dh lafonk;sa

,oa ifjlEifk lEcU/kh gLrkukUrj.k egkefge jkT;iky dh rjQ ls fd;s tk;saxsA bl

gsrq izkf/kd`r inkf/kdkjh ds gLrk{kj ds uhps ^^fcgkj ds jkT;iky ds fy, ,oa rjQ
ls^^ 'kCn vafdr jgsaxsA
fu;e 30& lafonk ds lkekU; fl)kar& lafonk djrs le; fuEufyf[kr lkekU;
fl)kar vuqikfyr fd;s tk;ssaxs&
1

lafonk dh 'kksZ ;FkkFkZ] fufpr ,oa lafnX/krk vusdkFkZrk ls ijs gksA

ykxr vk/kkfjr lafonk vFkok tgk lafonk esa ewY; ifjorZu lEcU/kh [k.M gks] dks
NksM+dj 'kkksaZ esa dksbZ vfufpr ;k vfu;r nkf;Ro vUrxzZLr ugha gksus pkfg,A
2

tgk rd lEHko gks] lafonk ds ekud Qkje] O;fDrxr lafonkvksa ds ekeyksa

esa ;Fkko;d ifjektZu ds lkFk viuk;s tkus pkfg,A ,sls ifjektZu forh; ,oa oSf/kd
ijkekZ izkIr djus ds i'pkr~ gh gksus pkfg,A
3

,sls ekeys] ftuesa ekud Qkje dk mi;ksx u fd;k tkuk gks] ogk lafonk

dh 'kkZ izk:fir djus ds fof/kd ,oa fokh; lykg izkIr dj ysus pkfg,A
4 d ea=ky; ;k foHkkx vius Lofoosd ls ,d yk[k :0 ewY; rd dh [kjhnnkjh
cqfu;knh 'kkksZa ,oa izfrcU/kksa ds lkFk cus ;knsk fuxZr djrs gq, dj ldrs gSaA
[k

,d yk[k :0 ls nl yk[k :0 ds chp ewY; okyh fuekZ.k lafonkvksa vFkok

; lafonkvksa tgk fufonk dkxtkrksa esa lafonk ds lkekU; fl)kar th0 lh0 lh0]
lafonk dss foks"k fl)kar ,l0 lh0 lh0 ,oa fuekZ.k dh O;kfIr 'kkfey gks] Lohdkj
dk i= gh ck/;dkjh lafonk gksxkA
x

nl yk[k :0 ;k vf/kd dh izkDdfyr ewY; ds fuekZ.k vFkok nl yk[k

:0 ls vf/kd dh [kjhnnkjh ds fy, lafonkvksa ds ekeysa esa lafonk dkxtkr bls

2

vkReHkfjr lafonk cukus gsrq lHkh vko;d [k.Mksa okD;kakksa ds lkFk fu"ik fd;s
tk;saxsA gkykafd ;fn blls igys th0 lh0 lh0 ,oa ,0 lh0 lh0 layXu djrs gq,
O;kfIr ,oa fofkf"V ds iw.kZ C;ksjs ds lkFk fufonk vkeaf=r dh xbZ gks rks] th0 lh0
lh0 ,oa ,0 lh0 lh0 dh izfr] O;kfIr ,oa fofkf"V;ksa dk C;ksjk ,oa fufonkdkj dk
vkWQj ,oa Lohdkj dk i= layXu djrs gq, ,d lk/kkj.k ,d i`"B dh lafonk dh tk
ldrh gSA
?k

cM+s fuekZ.k vFkok la;a=ksa ds j[kj[kko] lsokvksa ds izko/kku vkfn ds fy,

,djkjukeksa ds ekeyksa esa lafonk nLrkost fujiokn :i esa fu"ik fd;s tkus pkfg,A
5

fdlh izdkj dk dksbZ dk;Z mijof.kZr izko/kkuksa esa ;FkkfufnZ"V ,djkjukek

dks leqfpr :i ls fu"ik fd;s fcuk izkjEHk ugha fd;s tkus pkfg,A
6

lafonk nLrkost tgk vko;d gks] Lohd`fr dk i= fuxZr djus ls 21

fnuksa ds Hkhrj fu"ikfnr fd;s tkus pkfg,A laosnd ;k vkiwfrZdkkZ }kjk lafonk
fu"iknu ds bl 'kkZ dk iw.kZ ikyu u djuk vf/kfu.kZ; dks j djus rFkk cdk;k
jkfk dh tCrh gsrq i;kZIr vk/kkj gksxkA
7

ykxr vk/kkfjr lafonk lkekU;r% ugha dh tkuh pkfg,A tgk ,slh lafonk

vifjgk;Z gks tk;s] lafonk djus ds igys iw.kZ vkSfpR; vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
tgk ,slk ykxr vk/kkfjr lafonk ls vkPNkfnr vkiwfrZ ;k foks"k dk;Z yEcs le; rd
tkjh jguk gks] ogk vkiwfrZdkkZ@laosnd dks muds mRiknu@fu"iknu ds rjhdksa ,oa
izf;kvksa esa LFkkf;Ro ykus gsrq ;qfDr;qDr vof/k vuqer djrs gq, fufpr ewY; ij
vk/kkfjr lafonk esa ifjofrZr djus dk dne mBkuk pkfg,A
Li"Vhdj.k%& ^^ykxr vk/kkfjr lafonk^^ dk vFkZ gS oSlh lafonk] ftlesa lafonk ds
vUrxZr vkiwfrZ ;k lsokvksa ds cnys Hkqxrs; ewY; dk fu/kkZj.k vkiwfrZ;ksa vFkok lsokvksa
ds mRiknu dh okLrfod ykxr esa izfr ;wfuV fufpr nj ij ykHk ;k mRiknu dh
okLrfod ykxr ij ,d fufpr izfrkr vfrfjDr tksM+dj fd;k tkrk gksA
VIIId&

ewY; ifjorZu [kaM mUgha nh?kZdkyhu lafonkvksa esa 'kkfey djuk pkfg, tgk

vkiwfkZ vof/k 18 ekg ls mij dh gksA vYidkyhu lafonkvksa esa fLFkj ,oa fufpr
ewY; dk izko/kku gksuk pkfg,A tgk ewY; ifjorZu [k.M dk izko/kku fd;k tk; ogk
djkj fd;k x;k izkjfEHkd Lrj ewY; ftl ekg ;k o"kZ ls lEcfU/kr gks] mldk fofk"V
:i esa mYys[k gks rkfd ml ekg ,oa o"kZ ds ewY; Lrj ds vk/kkj ij ifjorZuksa dks
ifjxf.kr fd;k tk ldsA
3

[k

izkjfEHkd Lrj ,oa vuqlwfpr vkiwfkZ frfFk ds chp gq, ewY; ifjorZuksa dh

x.kuk ds QkewZyk dks bl [k.M esa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ifjorZuksa dh x.kuk
ljdkjh izdkkuksa vFkok pSEcj vkWQ dkWelZ dh if=dkvksa esa izdkfkr lwpdkad dk
mi;ksx djrs gq, fd;k tk;A ,d O;k[;kRed QkewZyk bl fu;ekoyh ds lkFk
ifjfk"V 1d ij ekxZnkZu ds fy, mikc) dh xbZ gSA
x

ewY; ifjorZu [k.M esa lkexzh ,oa Je esa vkiwfrZ gsrq Hkh dV vkWQ MsV dk

mYys[k dj nsuk pkfg, D;ksafd ;s rRo fu/kkZfjr vkiwfkZ frfFk ds dkQh igys gh
ladqfpr gks tkrs gSaA
?k

ewY; ifjorZu [k.M esa [kkldj tgk rhozrk ls o`f) fufgr gks] ewY;

ifjorZu ds fy, mijh lhek fu/kkZfjr gksuh pkfg,A ;g izfro"kZ ,d fufpr izfrkr
;k ,d dqy feykdj mijh lhek ;k nksukssa gks ldrh gSA lafonk ds ewY; ifjorZu
[k.M dh 'kkZ ysrs le; pkfg, fd [kjhnnkj dks lafonk ewY;ksa esa fdlh deh dk ykHk
ysus dk izko/kku lqfufpr djsaA

mDr [k.M esa lafonk ewY; esa ifjorZu dk ,d U;wure izfrkr Hkh fu/kkZfjr

gksuk pkfg, ftlds mij gh ewY; ifjorZu ns; gksxk ;Fkk ifj.kkeh o`f) 2 izfrkr ls
tgk de gks ogk vkiwfrZdkkZ ds i{k esa dksbZ ewY; lek;kstu ugha fd;k tk;sxk
p

tgk vfxze ;k ekSds ij Hkqxrku fd;k tkrk gks ogk ;g Hkh 'kkZ gksuh

pkfg, fd mDr Hkqxrku dh frfFk ds ckn Hkqxrku dh lhek rd dksbZ ewY; ifjorZu
Lohdkj ugha gksxkA
N

tgk fu/kkZfjr Msyhojh frfFk ds ckn Hkh Msyhojh bl 'kkZ ds lkFk Lohdkj

dh tkrh gS fd lafonk esa ;Fkk micaf/kr ifjlekfIr {kfr olwyuh; gksxh] ogk
ifjlekfIr {kfr ewY; dk dksbZ izfrkr ewY; ifjorZu [k.M ds ykxw gksus ds dkj.k
;FkkifjofrZr ewY; ij vuqns; gksxhA
t

vkiwfrZdkkZ dh vksj ls xyrh ds dkj.k ewy vuqlwfpr Msyhojh frfFk ds

ckn Msyhojh gksus ij dksbZ ewY; ifjorZu ns; ugha gksxkA

>

vfuok;Z ck/;rk vFkok ljdkj dh vksj ls xyrh gksus ds ekeyksa esa] lafonk

esa lakks/ku ds }kjk ewy vf/klfwpr Msyhojh frfFk esa lakks/ku gksus ij] mDr frfFk ds
ckn ewY; ifjorZu vuqefr ;ksX; gksxkA

tgk lafonk vk;kfrr dLVe M~;wVh ,oa fonskh eqnzk fofue; njksa esa

mrkj&p<+ko dh 'kkksZa ds lkFk vkSj@vFkok LFkkuh; :i esa fofufeZr mRikn 'kqYd ,oa
4

vU; 'kqYd rFkk djksa dh 'kkksZa ds lkFk la;a=ksa] oLrqvksa vkfn dh vkiwfrZ ds fy, gks]
ogk vk;kfrr oLrqvksa dh dher dh ifjx.kuk esa fy, x, fonskh eqnzk fofue; njksa ds
lkFk&lkFk 'kqYdksa ,oa djksa ds rRo ,oa izfrkrrk dh fofkf"V;k of.kZr gksuh pkfg,A
lafonk esa 'kqYdksa ,oa djksa rFkk fonskh eqnzk fofue; njksa esa ifjorZuksa dh x.kuk ds
rjhdksa rFkk mu ifjorZuksa ds fy, nkoksa ds leFkZu esa izLrqr fd;s tkus okys
nLrkostksa dk mYys[k Hkh gksuk pkfg,A
V

mDr [kaM esa ns; ewY; ifjorZu dk izdkj ,oa Hkqxrku dh 'kkZ Hkh of.kZr

gksuh pfkg,A
ix

lafonk esa laosnd ;k vkiwfrZdkkZ }kjk Hkwxrku dh tkus okyh lHkh ns; djksa

dk izko/kku 'kkfey gksuk pkfg,A

x

^^,deqr^^ lafonk vR;Ur vko;d ekeyksa dks Nks+dj ugha dh tkuh

pkfg,A tgka ^^,deqr^^ lafonk vifjgk;Z gks tk;s] ogka mldk iw.kZ vkSfpR;
vfHkfyf[kr gksuk pkfg,A lafonk djus okys izkf/kdkjh dks lqfupr djuk pkfg, fd
^^,deqr^^ lafonk dh 'kkZ ljdkj ds fgr dks leqfpr :i eas lajf{kr ,oa lqjf{kr
djrh gksA
xi

lkefxz;ksa dk foHkkxh; fuxZeu dks tgka rd gks lds] Vkyuk pkfg,A tgka

oLrqvksa dks foHkkxh; :i ls vkiwfjr djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k tk;s] dk;Z dks dk;kZfUor
djus ds fy, vko;d ,slh oLrq dk fuxZe nj lfgr ek=k dh vuqlwph lafonk dk
vko;d Hkkx cuuk pkfg,A
xiid

lafonk esa tgka ljdkjh lEifk laosnd dks ;k rks fdjk;k Hkqxrku ij

mi;ksx ds fy, ;k ,slh lEifk ij vkxs dk;Z djus ds fy, lqiwnZ dh tk;s] lafonk esa
ljdkjh lEifk dh la[;k chek vkPNknu lfgr ,oa fu;fer :i ls fdjk;k 'kqYd
dh olwyh ds fy, fofkf"V izko/kku 'kkfey jguk pkfg,A
[k

laosnd ds ifjlj esa ,slh oLrqvksa dh la[;k dk vkof/kd :i ls HkkSfrd

lR;kiu rFkk HkkSfrd fLFkfr dh tkp dk izko/kku lafonk esa djuk pkfg,A
xiii

25 yk[k :0 vkSj vf/kd ewY; dh [kjhn ds fy, fd;s x;s lHkh lafonkvksa

,oa ,djkjukeksa dh izfr;k rFkk lHkh njksa ,oa ljdkj ds vlSfud foHkkxksa }kjk] ,sls
foHkkxksa tgk foks"k vads{k.k iz.kkyh okZeku gS] ds vykok ds lkFk fd;s x;s pkyw
lafonkvksa dh izfr;k vads{k.k inkf/kdkjh vkSj@;k ys[kk inkf/kdkjh tSlk ekeyk gks]
dks Hkst nh tkuh pkfg,A
5

xivd ,d ckj izfo"V lafonk dh 'kkksZa] ftlesa mldh O;kfIr ,oa fofkf"V;k
'kkfey gS] esa HkkSfrd gsjQsj ugha gksuh pkfg,A
[k

tgka Hkh lafonk dh fdlh 'kkZ ;k izfrcU/kksa esa HkkSfrd gsjQsj vifjgk;Z gks

tk;s] ogk fokh; ,oa vU; fufgr izHkkoksa dh tkap rFkk bls vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tkuk
pkfg, ,oa 'kkksZa esa gsjQsj ;k cnyko ds iwoZ lakksf/kr fokh; ,oa vU; opuc)rk ds
vuqeksnu gsrq l{ke izkf/kdkjh dk vuqeksnu izkIr dj fy;k tkuk pkfg,A
x

,sls lHkh ifjorZu lafonk esa ,d lakks/ku ds :i esa gksus pkfg, ftlesa

lafonk ds lHkh i{kdkjksa dk gLrk{kj gksA

xv

lafonk esa izko/kkfur vifjgk;Z fLFkfr;ksa ;k vU; dkj.kksa] tc ,slk izko/kku

'kkksZa ,oa fucU/kuksa esa 'kkfey gks] dks NksM+dj vuqlwfpr fMyhojh dks dk;Ziw.kZrk dh
frfFk dk dksbZ foLrkjhdj.k lkekU;r;k ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A lafonk esa izko/kkfur
foLrkjhdj.k lafonk ds i{kdkjksa ds gLrk{kj lfgr lafonk esa vkSipkfjd lakks/kuksa ds
ek/;e ls vuqfer dh tk ldrh gSA
xvi

lHkh lafonkvksa esa laosnd dh vksj ls xyfr;ksa ds fy, fyfDoMsVsM {kfr dh

olwyh ds fy, izko/kku jgsxkA

xvii

lHkh lafonkvksa esa okjaVh [k.M lekfgr jguh pkfg, ftlesa vkiwfrZdkkZ ls

vis{kk gks fd og =qfViw.kZ ekyksa dh ejEefr ;k lq/kkj fcuk 'kqYd ds djsa ;k ,slh
oLrqvksa dks le:i =qfVjfgr oLrqvksa ls izLFkkfir djsaA
vkiwfrZdkkZ }kjk izLFkkfir ;k ejEer dh xbZ dksbZ oLrq srk ij dksbZ Hkkj
Mkys fcuk srk ds ifjlj esa vkiwfjr dh tk;sxhA
xviii lkefxz;ksa dh vkiwfrZ ds fy, lHkh lafonk;sa ljdkj ds bl vf/kdkj dks lqjf{kr
djuh pkfg, fd fofkf"V;ksa dks iwjk u djus okyh lkefxz;ksa dks og [kkfjt+ dj ldsA
fu;e 30 d&
1

lafonk dk izcU/ku

lafonk dk dk;kZUo;u dM+kbZ ls ifjohf{kr gksuk pkfg, tgk izko/kkuksa dk

mYya?ku gks] ogk uksfVl fuxZeu esa rRijrk cjruh pkfg,A

2

cSad xkjUVh ,oa vU; vkSipkfjd vfHkys[kksa ds lqjf{kr j[kj[kko ,oa

ijhfo{k.k dh izf;k cuk;h tkuh pkfg,A ijhfo{k.k esa vkiwfrZ vFkok fuekZ.k esa izxfr
ds lkFk&lkFk rhu eghuk ckn lekIr gks jgh lHkh cSad xkjUVh ,oa vU; vkSipkfjd
vfHkys[kksa dk ekfld iqujkoyksdu 'kkfey gksuk pkfg,A tgk vko;d gks] cSad
xkjfV;ksa vFkok vU; vkSipkfjd vfHkys[kksa dk foLrkju rqjUr djk;k tkuk pkfg,A
6

tgk fdlh lafonk ds dk;kZUo;u ds nkSjku fookn mB [kM+k gks] ogk fookn

ds lafonk esa mfYyf[kr lqyg vkSj@vFkok e/;LFkrk dks lUnfHkZr djus vFkok tgk
lafonk esa e/;LFkrk izko/kku 'kkfey u gks] eqdnek nk;j djus ds iwoZ fof/kd jk;
izkIr djuh pkfg,A e/;LFkrk gsrq nkok&i= ds izk:i dks fof/kd ,oa fokh; jk; izkIr
djrs gq, fof/kf{kr djkuk pkfg,A fooknksa ds lek/kku ds ekeysa esa nLrkost ;fn dksbZ
gks] nk;j djus ds iwoZ ljdkjh fgrksa dh j{kk ds fy, mldh Hkyh&Hkkfr Nkuchu
djuh pkfg,A**
4-

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds fu;e 124 ds igys v/;k; 8 ds 'kh"kZd dk izfrLFkkiu&

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds v/;k; 8 dk 'kh"kZd ^^Hk.Mkj lkexzh^^ dks ^^lkefxz;ksa ,oa
lsokvksa dh vf/kizkfIr^^ ls izfrLFkkfir fd;k tk;sxkA

5--

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds Hk.Mkj lkefxz;ksa ds ; ls lEcfU/kr fu;e 124 ls 130

dk izfrLFkkiu&
fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds fu;e 124 ls 131 dks fuEufyf[kr fu;eksa
}kjk izfrLFkkfir fd;k tk;sxk %&
^^lkefxz;ksa dh vf/kizkfIr
fu;e 124& bl v/;k; esa yksd lsok esa mi;ksx ds fy, vko;d oLrqvksa dh
vf/kizkfIr ls lEcfU/kr lHkh ea=ky;ksa ,oa foHkkxksa ij ykxw gksus okys lkekU; fu;e
'kkfey fd;s x;s gSaA vf/kizkfIr djus okys foHkkxksa dks bl v/;k; esa of.kZr lkekU;
fu;eksa ds vuq:i lkefxz;ksa dh vf/kizkfIr ls lEcfU/kr foLr`r vuqnsk fuxZr djus
pkfg,A
fu;e 125&lkefxz;ksa dh ifjHkk"kk& bl v/;k; esa mfYyf[kr 'kCn ^^lkexzh^^ esa
ljdkj ds vU;Fkk mi;ksx ds fy, vf/kxzg.k dh x;h ;k [kjhnh xbZ lHkh izdkj dh
oLrq,] lkeku] iU;] i'kq/ku] miLdj] fLFkjhdkjd] dPpk eky] vfrfjDr iqtsZ]
midj.k] ekhujh] ;a=] vkS|ksfxd la;a= 'kkfey gSa ijUrq iqLrdky; gsrq iqLrd]
izdkku] if=dk, vkfn 'kkfey ugha gSaA
fu;e 126& yksd ; ds ewy fl)kUr & lHkh izkf/kdkjh ftUgsa yksdfgr esa lkefxz;ksa
dh [kjhn ds fy, fokh; 'kfDr;k izR;k;ksftr dh xbZ gSS] yksd vf/kizkfIr ls lacaf/kr
ekeyksa esa n{krk] ferO;f;rk] ikjnf'kZrk ykus rFkk vkiwfrZ dkkZvksa ds lkFk fu"i{k

O;ogkj ,oa yksd vf/kizkfIr esa izfrLi)Zrk dks c<+kok nsus gsrq ftEesokj ,oa mkjnk;h
gksaxh A
lkoZtfud vf/kizkfIr gsrq fuEu ekin.M ds vuq:i izf;k vfuok;Z :i ls
viukuh pkfg, &

(i)

vf/kizkfIr djus okys laxBu dh fofk"V vko;drkvksa dks /;ku

esa j[krs gq, vf/kizkIr dh tkus okyh lkekfxz;ksa dh ek=k ds lkFk&lkFk mldh xq.kork
,oa izdkj dh fofkf"V;k Li"V rkSj ls r; dh tkuh pkfg,A bl izdkj r; dh xbZ
fofkf"V;k vis{kkf/kd ,oa xSj t:jh vkd`fk QhplZ ftldk ifj.kke vuko;d O;;
ds :i esa gks] 'kkfey fd;s fcuk laxBu ds ewy vko;drkvksa dh iwfrZ djus okyh
gksuh pkfg,A bl ckr dk Hkh [;ky j[kk tkuk pkfg, fd vko;drk ls vf/kd ek=k
esa ; ugh dh tk; rkfd bUosUVh [kpZ ls cpk tk ldsA
(ii)

izLrko mfpr] ikjnkhZ ,oa ;qfDrlaxr izf;k ls vkeaf=r fd;s tkus

pkfg,A
(iii)

vf/kizkfIr djus okys iznkf/kdkjh dks bl ckr ls larq"V gks ysuk pkfg, fd

p;fur izLrko vkodrk dh iwfrZ lHkh rjg ls djrk gksA

(iv)

vf/kizkfIr djus okys izkf/kdkjh dks Lo;a larq"V gks ysuk pkfg, fd p;fur

izLrko dh dher vko;d xq.kork ls laxr ,oa mfpr gks A

(v)

vf/kizkfIr ds izR;sd Lrj ij lacaf/kr vf/kizkfIr izkf/kdkjh dks vf/kizkfIr dk

fu.kZ; ysrs le; ftl vk/kkj ij fu.kZ; fy;k x;k gS mls vfHkfyf[kr djuk pkfg,A
fu;e 127& lkefxz;ksa ; gsrq l{ke izkf/kdkjh & dksbZ izkf/kdkjh tks ifjfk"V&5]
fokh; izR;k;kstu dWEisfM;e ,oa fcgkj LVskujh eSuqvy ds izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj
vkdfLed O;; djus gsrq l{ke gks] yksd lsok esa mi;ksx gsrq vko;d oLrqvksa dh
[kjhn dh Lohd`fr fuEu fu;eksa esa of.kZr lkekU; izf;k viukrs gq, ns ldrk gSA
fu;e 128& lkexzh dh vf/kizkfIr gsrq 'kfDr;k & foHkkxksa dks vius Lrj ls lkexzh
dh vf/kizkfIr ds fy, iw.kZ 'kfDr izR;k;ksftr gSA mu ekeyksa esa tcfd foHkkx ds ikl
vko;d foks"kKrk ugha gks] og dsUnzh; ; laxBu ;Fkk Mh0 th0 ,l0 ,.M Mh0
;k ukfer jkT; ; laxBu ds ek/;e ls l{ke izkf/kdkjh dh Lohd`fr izkIr dj ;
dj ldrk gSA ; lh/ks Hkqxrku ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tk;sxk u fd iqLr&gLrkUrj.k
ds vk/kkj ijA
fu;e 129& jkT; ; laxBu dk ukfer fd;k tkuk & jkT; ljdkj foks"kKrk
fodflr djus vFkok foks"kKrk fodflr gksus dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ,d ;k vf/kd
8

laxBuksa dks jkT; ; laxBu ds :i esa fdlh fofk"V oxZ dh lkekfxz;ksa dh

vf/kizkfIr ds fy, ukfer dj ldrh gSA
fu;e 130& nj lafonk & jkT; laxBu ekud fdLe dh oLrqvksa ,oa lkekfxz;ksa tks
lkekU; mi;ksx oLrq ds :i esa fpfUgr gks rFkk fofHk foHkkxksa dks ftudh yxkrkj
vko;drk gksrh gS ds fy, fucaf/kr vkiwfrZdkkZvksa ls nj lafonk dj ldrh gSA
fucaf/kr vkiwfrZdkkZ dh ifjHkk"kk uhps fu;e 131 esa nh x;h gSA jkT; ;
laxBu vius osc lkbV ij nj lafonk dk lacaf/kr C;ksjk nsxh ,oa mls v|ru djsxhA
foHkkx ;Fkk laHko vf/kdkf/kd :i ls bu nj&lafonkvksa dk lh/ks Hkqxrku vk/kkj ij] u
fd iqLr gLrkarj.k vk/kkj ij vuqikyu djsxhA
fu;e 131& vkiwfrZ dkkZ dk iathdj.k %&
(i)

jkT; ; laxBu ljdkj ds mi;ksx gsrq vko;d lkekU; lkekfxz;ksa dh

vf/kizkfIr ds fy, fooLr lw= izLFkkfir djus dks /;ku esa j[krs g,s ;ksX; ,oa
{kerkoku vkiwfrZdkkZvksa dh bZdkbZokj lwph rS;kj ,oa la/kkfjr djsxhA oSls vuqeksfnr
vkiwfrZdkkZ **iathd`r vkiwfrZdkkZ** ds :i esa tkus tk;sxsaA lHkh foHkkx tc vkSj tSlk
vko;d gks bu lwfp;ksa dk mi;ksx dj ldsxsA ,sls iathd`r vkiwfrZdkkZ lhfer
fufonk iwNrkN ds ek/;e ls lkefxz;ksa dh vf/kizkfIr ds fy, izFke n`"V;k ;ksX; gSA
viuh cksyh ds lkFk cksyh tekur jkfk lefiZr djus ls Hkh lkekU;r% foeqDr gSA
foHkkxk/;{k Hkh oSlh oLrqvks] foks"k :i ls ftldh vko;drk muds foHkkx ;k
dk;kZy; dks gksrh gS] ds vkiwfrZdkkZ dks iathd`r dj ldrs gSA
(ii)

iathdj.k ds iwoZ vkiwfrZdkkZ dh fooluh;rk] fofuekZ.k {kerk] xq.kokk

fu;a=.k iz.kkyh] fiNyk iznkZu] fch ckn lsok] fokh; i`"BHkwfe vkfn dh
lko/kkuhiwoZd lR;kiu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
(iii)

vkiwfrZdkkZ oLrq ds izd`fr ds vk/kkj ij ,d fufpr vof/k ,d ls rhu

o"kZ ds chp ds fy, iathd`r fd;s tk;sxsaA ml vof/k dh lekfIr ij iathdj.k dks
tkjh j[kus ds bPNqd iathd`r vkiwfrZdkkZ iathdj.k ds uohdj.k gsrq u;s fljs ls
vkosnu djsxsaA u;s vkiwfrZdkkZ ij Hkh fdlh le; iathdj.k gsrq fopkj fd;k tk
ldrk gS ckksZ fd okafNr 'kkksZa dks os iwjk djrs gksA
(iv)

lacaf/kr foHkkxksa }kjk lHkh iathd`r vkiwfrZdkkZvksa ds vkpj.k ij utj j[kh

tkuh gSA iathd`r vkiwfrZdkkZ vuqeksfnr vkiwfrZdkkZ dh lwph ls gVk;s tkus ds ;ksX;
9

gS] ;fn os iathdj.k dh 'krksZa ,oa izfrca/kksa dks iwjk djus esa vlQy jgrs gS vFkok
le; ij lkefxz;ksa dh vkiwfrZ ugha djrs gS vFkok xSj ekud oLrqvksa dh vkiwfrZ djrs
gS vFkok fdlh ljdkjh ,tsUlh dks >qBh ?kks"k.kk djrs gS vFkok dksbZ nwljs vk/kkj ij
tks ljdkj dh jk; esa yksdfgr esa ugha gSA
fu;e 131 d & Hkkjrh; ,tsUVks dk lwphdj.k %& Hkkjr ljdkj fok ea=ky; O;;
foHkkx dh vfuok;Z lwphdj.k ;kstuk ds vuqlkj Hkkjrh; ,tsUVksa] tks vius fonskh
iz/kkuksa ekfydks dh rjQ ls lh/ks nj lwph nkf[ky djus dh bPNk j[krs gS] dk vius
dks dssUnzh; ; laxBu Mh0 th0 ,l0 ,.M Mh0 ds lkFk lwphd`r djkuk vfuok;Z
gSA ,sls Hkkjrh; ,tsUVksa dks jkT; ; laxBu esa vius dks iathd`r djkuk gksxkA
gkaykfd ,slk lwphdj.k mijksDr fu;e 131 ds vUrxZr of.kZr vkiwfrZdkkZ ds led{k
ugha gSA
fu;e 131 [k& lkoZtfud {ks= ,oa jkT; vkiwfrZdkkZvksa ds fy, ewY; vf/kekurk ,oa
vU; NwV %& jkT; esa iathd`r o`gr~ ,oa e/;e m|ksxks ftlesa lkoZtfud {ks= ds
izfrLFkku 'kfey gS ds }kjk mRikfnr lkefxz;ksa dks fcgkj jkT; dsckgj vofLFkr o`gr~
,oa e/;e m|ksxksa }kjk mRikfnr ekyksa ij vf/kdre 2 izfrkr dh vfHkekU;rk nh
tk;sxhA mlh rjg fcgkj jkT; esa vofLFkr rFkk LFkkbZ :i ls iathd`r y?kq m|ksx
bZdkbZ;ksa }kjk mRikfnr lkekfxz;ksa ij jkT; ds ckgj vofLFkr y?kq@e/;e@c`gr
m|ksxksa }kjk mRikfnr eky ij 7 izfrkr dh vf/kekU;rk nh tk;sxhA ewY;ksa esa
vf/kekU;rk nsus esa xq.kork ,oa fofkf"V;ksa dh 'krksZa esa dksbZ NwV ugha nh tk;sxhA fcgkj
jkT; esa vofLFkr y?kq Lrj bZdkbZ ij vusZLVeuh tek djus dk nkf;Ro ugha gksxk
mUgsa flQZZ lkekU; lqj{kk jkfk dk 20 izfrkr tek djuk gksxkA gkaykfd ;knsk
izkIr djus ds ckn os fcuk fdlh leqfpr dkj.k ds lkefxz;ksa dh vkiwfrZ esa vlQy
jgrs gSa rks ;Fkk fofgr izf;k ds vuqlkj mUgsa dkyh lwph esa Mky fn;k tk;sxkA
fu;e 131 x& fcuk dksVsku ds lkefxz;ksa dk ; %& izR;sd volj ij 15]000-00
iUnzg gtkj :0 ek= rd dh [kjhn l{ke izkf/kdkjh }kjk fuEu izk:i esa
vHkhfyf[kr izek.k i= ds vk/kkj ij fcuk dksVsku ;k cksyh vkeaf=r fd;s dh tk
ldrh gS&
**eS]a -------------------] O;fDrxr :i ls larq"V gw fd [kjhnh xbZ ;s oLrq,a okafNr
xq.kokk ,oa fofkf"V;ksa dh gS vkSj fooluh; vkiwfrZdkkZ ls mfpr dher ij [kjhnh
xbZ gSA**
10

fu;e 131 ?k & ; lfefr }kjk oLrqvksa dh [kjhn %& izR;sd volj ij 15]000-00
iUnzg gtkj :0 ek= ls vf/kd rFkk 1]00]000-00 :0 ,d yk[k :i;s ek= rd
dh [kjhnxh foHkkxk/;{k ds fu.kZ;kuqlkj leqfpr Lrj ij xfBr rhu lnL;ksa okyh
LFkkuh; ; lfefr dh vuqkalk ij dh tk;sxhA lfefr nj] xq.kork ,oa fofkf"V;ksa
dh ;qfDrlaxrrk fufpr djus rFkk lgh vkiwfrZdkkZ dh igpku djus ds fy, cktkj
dk losZ{k.k djsxhA ;knsk nsus gsrq vuqkalk djus ds igys lfefr ds lnL;
lkewfgd :i ls fuEuor~ ,d izek.k i= vfHkfyf[kr djsxsa &
**izekf.kr fd;k tkrk gS fd geyksx]-------------------- ] ; lfefr ds lnL;x.k
lkewfgd ,oa O;fDrxr :i ls larq"V gS fd ; gsrq vuqkaflr lkefxz;k fu/kkZfjr
fofkf"V;ksa ,oa xq.kork dh gS rFkk okZeku cktkj nj ij ewY;hd`r gS vkSj vuqkaflr
vkiwfrZdkkZ fooklh gS ,oa lacaf/kr lkefxz;ksa dh vkiwfrZ gsrq l{ke gSA**
fu;e 131 M- & nj lafonk ds vUrxZr oLrqvksa dh lh/kh [kjhn %&1 tgka foHkkx
dsUnzh; ; laxBu Mh0 th0 ,l0 ,.M Mh0@ jkT; ; laxBu }kjk laosfnr nj
dh oLrq,a vkiwfrZdkkZ ls lh/kh vfHkizkfIr djrh gS rks oSlh oLrqvksa dk Hkqxrs; ewY;
lafonk nj esa fu;r ewY; ls vf/kd ugha gksxk rFkk ; dh vU; 'krsZ rFkk izfrca/k
lafonk nj esa fofgr fofkf"V;ksa ds vuq:i gksuh pkfg,A tgk vko;d gks foHkkx ,sls
oLrqvksa dk fujh{k.k ,oa ijh{k.k ds fy, viuk [kqn dk bUrtke djsxkA
2 jkT; ; laxBu viuh osc lkbV ij fofHk lacaf/kr njksa okys vkbZVeksa dh
fofkf"V;ksa] ewY;ksa rFkk vU; izeq[k foks"krkvksa dks v|ru djrs gq, vfHkizkfIr okys
foHkkxksa }kjk mi;ksx ds fy, n'kkZ;sxkA
fu;e 131 p & dqy ekxksa ds vkdfyr ewY; ds lanHkZ esa vko;d mPprj
inkf/kdkfj;ksa dh Lohd`fr izkIr djus dh vfuok;Zrk ls cpus gsrq oLrqvksa ds fy, ekx
dks NksVs VqdM+ksa esa ckV dj [kjhnxh ugha djuh pkfg,A
fu;e 131 N & izLrko cksyh vkeaf=r dj oLrqvksa dh [kjhn& foHkkx fu;e 131 x]
131 ?k] 131 M- 1 ds vUrxZr vkPNkfnr ekeyksa dks NksM+dj fu;e 128 esa of.kZr
'kfDr ds v/khu ekud rfjds ls izLrko vkeaf=r dj oLrqvksa dh vfHkizkfIr fuEuor~
djsxk %&
(i) foKkfir

fufonk iwNrkN(

(ii) lhfer

fufonk iwNrkN(

(iii) ,dy

fufonk iwNrkN
11

fu;e 131 t & foKkfir fufonk iqNrkN &

(i)

fu;e 131 > rFkk 131

ds

vUrxZr lekosfkr vioknksa dks NksM+dj :i;k 25]00]000-00 iPphl yk[k :i;k ,oa
blls vf/kd vkdfyr ewY; dh lkefxz;ksa dh vf/kizkfIr ds fy, foKkiu }kjk fufonk
vkea=.k dk mi;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ,sls ekeyksa dk foKkiu egkfunskd]
okf.kfT;d xqIrpj ,oa lkaf[;dh] dydkk }kjk izdkfkr bf.M;u VsM tuZyvkbZ0
Vh0 ts0 rFkk de ls de ,d jk"Vh; Lrj ij vf/kdkf/kd izlkj okyh nSfud i= esa
fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
(ii)

dksbZ laxBu ftldk viuk osclkbV gks ml ij og vius lHkh foKkfir

fufonk iwNrkN dks Hkh izdkfkr djsxh ,oa jk"Vh; lwpuk dsUnz dh osclkbV ds lkFk
fyad eqgS;k djk;sxhA mls vkbZ0Vh0ts0 ,oa lekpkj Ik= ds foKkiuksa esa vius osclkbV
dk irk Hkh nsuk pkfg,A
(iii)

laxBu dks vius osclkbV esa lewph fcfMax nLrkost dks iksLV djuk

pkfg, rFkk lacaf/kr cksyhdkkZvksa dks osclkbV ls nLrkost Mkmu yksM dj mi;ksx
djus dh vuqefr nsuh pkfg,A ;fn Mkmu yksMsM nLrkost dh dksbZ dher gks] rks
cksyh ds lkFk fMekaM MkV vkfn }kjk jkfk ds Hkqxrku gsrq cksyhdkkZ dks Li"V crk;k
tkuk pkfg,A
(iv)

tgk foHkkx ,slk eglwl djrk gS fd okafNr xq.kokk ,oa fofkf"V;k vkfn

nsk esa miyC/k ugha gks ldrh gS vkSj mi;qDr izfrLi)hZ izLrko ds fy, fonsk dh
vksj Hkh ns[kuk vko;d gS rks foHkkx fufonk lwpuk dh izfr;ka fonskksa esa vofLFkr
Hkkjrh; nwrkokl ds lkFk&lkFk Hkkjr esa vofLFkr fonskh nwrkoklksa dks Hkh Hkst ldrh
gSA nwrkoklksa dk p;u ,sls nskksa esa okafNr lkefxz;ksa dh miyC/krk dh laHkkouk ij
fuHkZj djsxkA
(v)

cksyh lefiZr djus dh U;wure vof/k lkekU;r% fufonk lwpuk izdkku dh

frfFk vFkok cksyh nLrkost fch gsrq miyC/k gksus dh frfFk] tks Hkh ckn esa gks] ls
rhu lIrkg dh gksxhA tgk foHkkx fonskksa ls vkea=.k cksyh izkIr djus dh bjknk
j[krh gS rks ogka nskh ,oa fonskh cksyhdkkZ nksuksa ds fy, U;wure vof/k pkj lIrkg
j[kh tkuh pkfg,A
fu;e 131 > & lhfer fufonk iwNrkN &

(i) bl

rjhds dks rc viuk;k tk ldrk

gS tc vf/kizkIr dh tkusokyh lkefxz;ksa dk vkdfyr ewY; iPphp yk[k :i;ksa rd

gksA cksyh ls lacaf/kr nLrkost dh izfr;k mu QeksZa dks ftudk uke mi;ZqDr fu;e
12

131 ds varxZr lanfHkZr lacaf/kr oLrqvksa ds fy, iathd`r vkiwfrdkkZ dh lwph ij gks]
lh/ks LihM iksLV@fucaf/kr Mkd@dqfj;j@bZ&esy }kjk Hksth tkuh pkfg,A lhfer
fufonk iwNrkN esa vkiwfrZdkkZ QeksaZ dh la[;k rhu ls vf/kd gksuh pkfg,A blds
vfrfjDr lhfer fufonkvksa ds fy, osc vk/kkfjr izpkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
vf/kdkf/kd la[;k esa izfrLi)ZkRed vk/kkj ij izR;qkjnk;h cksfy;k izkIr djus ds fy,
vf/kdkf/kd vuqeksfnr vkiwfkZdkkZvksa dks fpfUgr djus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg, A
(ii)

lhfer fufonk iwNrkN ds ek/;e ls ; dks fuEu fLFkfr esa ogk Hkh

viuk;k tk ldrk gS tgk vf/kizkfIr dk vkdfyr ewY; iPphl yk[k :0 ls vf/kd

gksA
d

tc foHkkx dk l{ke izkf/kdkjh izekf.kr djrk gks fd ekx vR;ko;d gS

rFkk vR;f/kd vko;drk dh n`f"V ls foKkfir fufonk iwNrkN ds ek/;e ls

vf/kizkfIr u djus ls gksus okyk vfrfjDr O;; U;k;ksfpr gSA foHkkx dks vko;drk
dh izd`fr rFkk vf/kizkfIr dk iwokZuqeku u gksus dk dkj.k Hkh vfHkfyf[kr djuk
pkfg,A
[k

tgk ,sls i;kZIr dkj.k gSa] ftUgsa l{ke izkf/kdkjh }kjk vfHkfyf[kr djuk

gksxk] ftudh otg ls foKkfir fufonk iwNrkN ds ek/;e ls lkefxzz;ksa dh vf/kizkfIr

yksdfgr esa ugha gS A
x

tgk vkiwfkZ ds lzksr fufpr :i ls irk gSa vkSj ftUgas 'kkfey fd;k tk

jgk gS] muls vyx u;s lzksrksa dh lEHkkouk {kh.k gSA

(ii)

lhfer fufonk iwNrkN ekeysa esa cksyh tek djus ds fy, i;kZIr le;

fn;k tkuk pkfg,A

fu;e 131 & nks cksyh dh iz.kkyh & tfVy ,oa rduhdh izd`fk ds vf/kd ewY; ds
la;a=] ekhujh vkfn dh [kjhnkjh ds fy, cksyh nks Hkkxksa esa fuEuor~ izkIr dh tk
ldrh gS%&
d

rduhdh cksyh ftles okf.kfT;d 'kkksZa ,oa izfrcU/kksa ds lkFk lHkh rduhdh

C;kSjk Hkh 'kkfey jgs( ,oa

[k

fokh; cksyh ftlesa rduhdh cksyh esa 'kkfey dh x;h bZdkbZ;ksa dk

bdkbZokj ewY; nkkZ;k x;k gksA

rduhdh cksyh ,oa fokh; cksyh vyx&vyx mijysf[kr vkoj.k esa
cksyhdkkZ }kjk eqgj can fd;k tk;sxk vkSj ,slk nksuksa eqgj can vkoj.k ,d cM+s
13

vkoj.k esa j[kk tk;sxk ftls eqgj can ,oa mijfyf[kr Hkh fd;k tk;sxkA srk foHkkx
}kjk igys rduhdh cksyh [kksyh tk;sxh vkSj l{ke lfefr ;k izkf/kdkjh }kjk
ewY;kafdr dh tk;sxhA nwljs Lrj ij rduhdh :i ls Lohdkj ;ksX; izLrkoksa dh gh
fokh; cksyh djkj iznku djus ds igys vxzrj ewY;kadu ,oa Js.khc)rk gsrq [kksyh
tk;sxhA
fu;e 131 V&foyafcr cksyh & foKkfir fufonk iwNrkN ;k lhfer fufonk iwNrkN
ds ekeyksa esa foyafcr cksyh cksyh dh izkfIr ds fy, fofufpr frfFk ;k le; ds ckn
izkIr cksyh ij fopkj ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
fu;e 131 B &,dy fufonk iwNrkN & ,dy Jksr ls vf/kizkfIRk fuEu ifjfLFkfr esa
dh tk ldrh gS &
mi;ksxdkkZ foHkkx dh tkudkjh esa okafNr lkefxz;ksa dk fofuekZ.k ,d gh

(i)

fof'k"V QeZ esa gksrk gksA

vkikrdkyhu fLFkfr esa okafNr oLrqvksa dh [kjhn ,d fufpr lzkrs ls

(ii)

vfuok;Zr% [kjhnh tkuh gS rFkk ,slk fu.kZ; dk dkj.k vfHkfyf[kr gks rFkk l{ke
izkf/kdkjh dk vuqeksnu izkIr fd;k x;k gksA
ekhujh ;k vfrfjDr ikVZ&iqtksZ dks okZeku la;=ksa ds lsV esa ekudhdj.k

(iii)

ds fy, l{ke rduhdh foks"kK dh jk; izkIr dj l{ke inkf/kdkjh ds vuqeksnu ij

vko;d oLrq flQZ ,d p;fur QeZ ls [kjhnh tkuh gksA
fVIi.kh %&
mifu;e 131 B

(i)

,oa 131 B

(iii)

tSlk ykxw gks ds izko/kkuksa ds

vUrxZr ,dy lzksr ls lkekfxz;ksa dh vf/kizkfIr ds iwoZ foHkkx }kjk fuEufyf[kr izi=
esa fefYd;r oLrq izek.k&i= fn;k tk;sxk&
^^iekx if=r eky es- -------------------- }kjk fofufeZr gksrs gSA
(iinwljh cukoV vFkok ekWMy fuEu dkj.kksa ls Lohdk;Z ugha gS&
-------------------------------.
..
(iii)

izLrko ij vkarfjd fokh; izdks"B@fok foHkkx dh lgefr &

..

}kjk izkIr A
14

(iv)

l{ke izkf/kdkjh dk vuqeksnu i=kad &

----------------------------------------

vf/kizkfIr inkf/kdkjh dk gLrk{kj] inuke] ,oa frfFk lfgr**

fu;e 131 M&cksyh nLrkost dh vUroZLrq & cksyh nLrkost esa 'kkfey dh tkus
okyh lHkh 'krsZa] izfrca/k] vuqca/k ,oa lwpuk, leqfpr v/;k; esa fuEuor~ fn[kkbZ tkuh
gS&
v/;k; & 1 & cksyhdkkZ dks vuqnskA
v/;k; & 2 & lafonk dh 'krsZaA
v/;k; & 3& vko;drkvksa dh vuqlwphA
v/;k; & 4& fofkf"V;k ,oa lacfa /kr rduhdh C;kSjs A
v/;k; & 5 & nj vuqlwph cksyhdkkZ }kjk ewY; iznfkZr djus ds fy, mi;qDr
v/;k; & 6 & lafonk izi=
v/;k; & 7& srk ,oa cksyhdkkZ }kjk mi;ksx esa yk;k tkuk okys vU; ekud izi=
;fn dksbZ gksA
fu;e 131<+&j[kj[kko dh lafonk %& ; dh tkus okyh oLrqvksa ds ewY; ,oa izd`fr
ds vk/kkj ij ;g vko;d gks ldrk gS fd lkefxz;ksa ds vkiwfrZdkkZ vFkok dksbZ vU;
l{ke QeZ ftls lacaf/kr lkefxz;ksa dk vkiwfrZdkkZ gksuk vko;d ugha gS ds lkFk
j[kj[kko dh lafonk dh tk;sA ,slh j[kj[kko dh lafonk dh vko;drk lw{e ,oa
eagxs l;a=ksa ,oa ekhujh ds fy, Hkh gksrh gSA ;g ckr /;ku nsus dh gS fd vkiwfrZdkkZ
}kjk okjaVh vof/k esa vFkok vU; foLrkfjr vof/k esa tSlk djkj dh 'krksZ esa izko/kku
gks la;= ,oa ekhujh dk j[kj[kko fcuk 'kqYd ds fd;k tk;s ,oa mlds ckn gh
Hkqxrs; j[kj[kko 'kq: gksA
fu;e 131 .k& cksyh dh izfrHkwfr %& foKkfir ;k lhfer fufonk iwNrkN ds ekeys esa
oS/krk vof/k ds nkSjku cksyh yxkus okyk }kjk cksyh ls okilh vFkok mlesa ifjokZuksa
ls cpus ds fy, cksyh izfrHkwfr ftls vusZLVeuh ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gS cksyh
yxkus okys] mudks NksM+dj tks dsUnzh; ; laxBu@jkT; ; laxBu] jk"Vh; y?kq
m|ksx dkWjiksjsku ,u0 ,l0 ckbZ0lh0 vFkok lacaf/kr foHkkxksa esa iathd`r gks ls
izkIr dh tkuh gSA cksyh yxkus okys dks viuh cksyh ds lkFk izfrHkwfr tek djus dks
dgk tkuk pkfg,A cksyh izfrHkwfr dh jkfk vf/kizkIr gksus okyh oLrq ds vkdfyr ewY;
dk nks izfrkr ls ikap izfrkr ds chp gks ldrh gSA cksyh izfrHkwfr dh lgh jkfk dk
15

bl izdkj foHkkx }kjk fu/kkZj.k ,oa cksyh nLrkost esa mldk lekosk gksuk pkfg,A
cksyh izfrHkwfr lHkh rjg ls srk ds fgrksa dh lqj{kk ds izko/kkuksa ds lkFk fdlh Hkh
okf.kfT;d cSad }kjk fuxZr Lohdkj ;ksX; QkeZ esa ,dkmUV is;h fMekaM MkV] fQDLM
fMiksftV fjflIV] cSdlZ psd vFkok cSad xkjaVh ds :i esa gks ldrh gSA cksyh izfrHkwfr
vfUre cksyh dh oS/krk vof/k ls lkekU;r;k vxys iSarkyhl fnuksa dh gksrh gSA
vlQy cksyh yxkus okyksa dh cksyh izfrHkwfr mUgsa vfUre cksyh oS/krk dh

(ii)

lekfIr ds ckn 'kh?kzkfrkh?kz ,oa djkj iznku djus ds ckn vf/kdre 30 fnu ds igys
okil dj nsuh pkfg,A
fu;e 131 r&izn'kZu izfrHkwfr%&

(i)

lafonk dk ns; izn'kZu lqfufpr djus ds fy,

lQy cksyhdkkZ ftUgsa djkj iznku fd;k tk;s ls izn'kZu&izfrHkwfr izkIr fd;k tkuk
gSaA izn'kZu izfrHkwfr lHkh lQy cksyhdkkZ ls muds iathdj.k LVsVl dks /;ku esa j[ks
fcuk izkIr dh tk;sxhA izn'kZu izfrHkwfr ikap ls nl izfrkr jkfk rd gksuh pkfg,A
izn'kZu izfrHkwfr lHkh rjg ls srk ds fgrksa dh lqj{kk djus okyk@fdlh okf.kfT;d
cSad ls Lohdkj ;ksX; QkeZ esa fuxZr ,dkmUV is;h fMekaM MkV@fQDLM fMiksftV
jlhn@cSad xkjaVh gks ldrk gSA
izn'kZu izfrHkwfr okajVh nkf;Ro lfgr vkiwfrdkkZ ds lHkh djkj nkf;Roksa ds

(ii)

iwjk gksus dh frfFk ls lkB fnu ckn dh vof/k rd oS/k jguh pkfg,A
(iii)

izn'kZu izfrHkwfr dh izkfIr ij lQy cksyhdkkZ dks cksyh izfrHkwfr okil dj

nh tkuh pkfg,A
fu;e 131 Fk&
1- vkiwfrZ dkkZ dk Hkqxrku %& lkekU;r;k nh x;h lsokvksa vFkok dh x;h vkiwfrZ ds
fy, Hkqxrku] lsokvksa ds iznku dj fn;s tkus vFkok vkiwfrZ dj fn;s tkus ds ckn gh
tkuh pkfg,A gkaykfd vfxze Hkqxrku fuEu ekeyksa esa fd;k tkuk vko;d gks ldrk
gS &
(i)

,;j daMhkuj] dEI;wVj] vU; dherh ;a=ksa vkfn dh lfoZflx ds fy, j[kj[kko

dk djkj djus okys QeZ }kjk vfxze Hkqxrku ekxs tkus ij A

(ii) QSfozdsku

lafonk] VuZdh lafonk vkfn ds fo:) QeZ }kjk ekxs tkus ij vfxze dk

Hkqxrku A ,sls vfxze Hkqxrku fuEu lhek ls vf/kd ugha gksuh pkfg,A
d

futh QeksZa dks fn;s x;s lafonk ds ewY; dk rhl izfrkr(

16

[k

jkT; ;k dsUnzh; ljdkj dh ,tsalh vFkok lkoZtfud {ks= ds mieksa dks

fn;s x;s lafonk ds ewY; dk pkyhl izfrkr(

x

j[k&j[kko dh lafonk ds ekeyks esa ;g jkfk lafonk ds varxZr N% ekgksa ds

fy, Hkqxrs; jkfk ls vf/kd ugha gksuh pkfg,A

foHkkx pkgs rks lacaf/kr vkUrfjd fokh; lykgdkj@fok foHkkx ds ijkekZ
ls mDr lhek ftlls futh QeksZ ds y, vfxze Hkqxrku ds fy, fu/kkZfjr izfrkrrk
'kkfey gS esa NwV ns ldrh gSA mi;qZDr fdlh vfxze Hkqxrku djus ds iwoZ QeZ ls
cSad xkajVh ds :i esa i;kZIr lqj{kk izkIr dj yh tkuh pkfg,A
2-

vkiwfrZdkkZ dks vkafkd Hkqxrku& lafonk esa 'kkfey fMyhojh dh 'krksaZ ij

vk/kkfjr jgrs gq, vkiwfrZdkkZ dks muds ifjlj ls lafonk dh 'krksZa ds vuq:i eky
izsf"kr dj fn;s tkus ij vkafkd Hkqxrku fd;k tk ldrk gSA
fu;e 131 n & vf/kizkfIr izf;k esa LosPNkpkfjrk dh lekfIr ,oa ikjnfkZrk]
izfrLi)kZ rFkk fu"i{krk lqfuf'pr djuk& lHkh ljdkjh [kjhn iSls ds fy, lcls
vPNk ewY; izkIr djuk lqfufpr djus ds fy, ikjnkhZ] izfrLi/khZZ ,oa fu"i{k :i ls
dh tkuh pfkg,A ;g laHkkfor cksyhdkkZvksa dks fo'okl ds lkFk izfrLi)hZZ cksyh cukus
,oa Hkstus ds fy, lgk;d gksxkA mi;qZDr dks lqfufpr djus gsrq dqN mik; fuEuor~
gS%&
i

cksyh nLrkost dk etewu fcuk fdlh vLi"Vrk ds Lor% Li"V ,oa

cks/kxE; gksuk pkfg,A lHkh vko;d lwpuk;sa ftudh vko;drk cksyhdkkZ dks cksyh
Hkstus esa gksrh gS] cksyh nLrkost esa lk/kkj.k Hkk"kk esa lkQ&lkQ of.kZr gksuh pkfg,A
cksyh nLrkost esa vU; ckrksa ds lkFk&lkFk fuEu izko/kku gksus pkfg, &
d

cksyhdkkZ dh ik=rk ,oa ;ksX;rk dh dlkSVh ;Fkk U;wure vuqHko] foxr

iznkZu] rduhdh l{kerk] fofuekZ.k lgwfy;rsa ,oa fokh; fLFkfr vkfn(

[k

lkefxz;ksa ds fy, ik=rk dh dlkSVh ftlesa oLrqvksa vkfn ds mn~xe ds ckjs

esa fdlh oSf/kd izfrcU/kksa vFkok 'kkksZa dk funsZk gks vkSj tks lQy cksyhdkkZ }kjk iwjk
fd;k tkuk gks(
x

cksyh izs"k.k gsrq frfFk] le; ,oa LFkku ds lkFk&lkFk vU; izf;k(

?k

cksyh [kksys tkus dh frfFk le; ,oa LFkku(

Msyhojh dh 'kksZ ,oa

iznkZu dks izHkkfor djus okyh foks"k 'kksZ] ;fn dksbZ gks
17

ii

cksyh nLrkost esa cksyh dh 'kksZa] cksyh dh izf;k ,oa@vFkok cksyh dks

[kkfjt+ djus ds laca/k esa iz'u iwNus ds fy, laxr izko/kku j[ks tkus pkfg,A
iii

fooknksa ds lek/kku gsrq mi;qDr izko/kku] ;fn ckn esa fd;s tkus okys

bdjkjukes esa dksbZ gks] cksyh nLrkost esa j[kk tkuk pkfg,A
iv

cksyh nLrkost esa bl ckr dk Li"V mYys[k gksuk pkfg, fd fd;k tkus

okys bdjkjukes dk foospu Hkkjrh; dkuwu ds vUrxZr gksxkA

v

cksyhdkkZ dks cksyh Hkstus ds fy, mi;qDr le; fn;k tkuk pkfg,A

vi

cksyh lkoZtfud :i ls [kksyh tkuh pkfg, rFkk cksyhdkkZ ds izkf/kd`r

izfrfuf/k dks cksyh [kqyus esa 'kkfey jgus dh vuqefr gksuh pkfg,A
vii

okafNr lkexzh dh fof'k"Vrk;sa lkQ&lkQ fcuk fdlh vLi"Vrk ds of.kZr

gksuk pkfg, rkfd cksyhdkkZ vFkZiw.kZ cksyh Hkst ldsA i;kZIr la[;k esa cksfy;k
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, tgk rd lEHko gks lds fofkf"V;k lkekU; ,oa O;kidrk
vk/kkfjr gksuh pkfg,A ;g Hkh iz;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd ekud fofkf"V;ksa dk]
ftudk m|ksxksa dks foLr`r :i ls tkudkjh gks] iz;ksx fd;k tk;sA
viii

cksyh iwoZ lEesyu&

VuZ&dh lafonkvks dk ifj"d`r ,oa dherh ;a=ksa ds

vf/kizkfIr ds fy, foks"k izo`fk ds lafonkvksa ds ekeysa esa cksyh nLrkost esa ifj;ksftr
la;a=] ;a= ,oa ekhujh dh fofkf"V;ksa rFkk vU; lac) rduhdh C;ksjk ds ckjs esa
ekeysa dks Li"V djus ,oa lansg dk fuokj.k] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds fy, cksyh nLrkost esa
iwoZ lEesyu cqyk;s tkus dk izko/kku j[kk tk;A
ix

cksyh dk izR;qkjnkf;Ro fufpr djus ds fy, ekinaM ftuds vk/kkj ij

loZekU; vk/kkj ij cksyh dk ewY;kadu djuk gks ,oa izR;qkjnk;h U;wure cksyhdkkZ
dks p;u djus ds fl)kar] cksyh nLrkost esa lkQ&lkQ bafxr jguk pkfg,A
x

izkIr cksyh dk ewY;kadu cksyh nLrkost esa lekfgr 'kkksZa ,oa izfrcU/kksa ds

rgr gh gksuk pkfg,( dksbZ ubZ 'kkZ ftldk mYys[k cksyh nLrkost esa u gks] cksyh ds
ewY;kadu esa ugha ykuh pkfg,A cksyh izR;qkjnkf;Ro dk fu/kkZj.k fcuk fdlh ckgjh
lcwr ds nh x;h vUroZLrq ij gh fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
xi

cksyh izkfIr ds fy, fu/kkZfjr frfFk dh lekfIr ds ckn cksyhdkkZ dks viuh

cksyh esa gsjQsj ,oa ifjektZu djus dh vuqefr ugha gksuh pkfg,A
xii

cksyh [kqyus ds ckn cksyhdkkZ ds lkFk eksyrksy dks l[rh ds lkFk

grksRlkfgr djuk pkfg,A gkykafd dqN vifjgk;Z fLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k tgk rnFkZ
18

vf/kizkfIr ds fo:) ewY; dk eksyrksy vko;d gks] og flQZ U;wure izR;qkjnk;h

cksyhdkkZ ds lkFk dh tk ldrh gSA
xiii

nj lafonk O;oLFkk esa tgk mlh oLrq ds fy, dbZ QeZ nj lafonk ij

yk;h tkrh gS] cksyhdkkZvksa ls eksyrksy ,oa njksa ds izfrizLrko dh fo'ks"k vuqefr bl
ckr ds esutj jkT; ; laxBu dks nh tk ldrh gSA
xiv

lafonk lkekU;r;k ml U;wure ewY;kafdr cksyhdkkZ dks nh tkuh pkfg,]

ftldh cksyh izR;qkjnk;h ik;h tk;sa ,oa tks cksyh nLrkost esa 'kkfey fd;s x;s 'kkksZa
,oa izfrcU/kksa ds vuq:i lafonk dks lUrks"kizn <ax ls dk;kZfUor djus dh ik=rk ,oa
;ksX;rk j[krk gksA gkykafd tgka U;wure Lohdkj ;ksX; cksyhdkkZ] rnFkZ vko;drk ds
vuq:i vko;drkuqlkj iw.kZ ek=k dh vkiwfrZ djus dh fLFkfr esa ugha gks] vf/kks"k
ek=k dh vkiwfrZ gsrq U;wure izR;qkjnk;h cksyhdkkZ }kjk izLrkfor nj ij] vxyh
mPprj mkjnk;h cksyhdkkZ dks vkiwfkZ vknsk fn;k tk ldrk gSA
xv

p;fur lQy cksyhdkkZ] dk uke foHkkxh; lwpuk iV ij vFkok cqysfVu

vFkok osclkbZV ij 'kkfey fd;k tk;sA

fu;e 131 /k&

lkoZtfud

vf/kizkfIr

O;oLFkk

esa

n{krk]

ferO;f;rk

,oa

mkjnkf;kk& lkoZtfud vf/kizkfIr izf;k O;oLFkk esa n{krk] ferO;f;rk ,oa

mkjnkf;kk lqfufpr djus ds fy, Hkh gSA bls lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, fuEu
egoiw.kZ {ks=ksa ij /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg, %&
i

foyEc u gks bl gsrq foHkkx }kjk vf/kizkfIr ds izR;sd Lrj ds fy,

leqfpr dkykof/k fu/kkZfjr dh tkuh pkfg, A ,slh dkykof/k lacaf/kr ; vf/kdkfj;ksa

dks Hkh vf/kd lpsr djsxkA
ii

fu.kZ; ysus ,oa djkj nsus esa yxus okys le; dks de ls de djus ds

fy, lHkh foHkkx l{ke izkf/kdkjh dk vuqeksnu izkIr dj v/khuLFk dk;Zdkfj;ksa dks
leqfpr ; 'kfDr;k vko';drkuqlkj izR;k;ksftr dj ldrk gSA
iii

foHkkx dks cksyh dh ewy oS/krk ds vUrxZr djkj lEikfnr fd;k tkuk

lqfufpr djuk pkfg,A cksyh dh oS/krk ds foLrkj.k dks grksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk
pkfg, ,oa vkiokfnd ifjfLFkfr esa gh oSlk fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
iv

lalwfpr jkT; ; laxBu dks pkfg, fd fofHk ljdkjh foHkkxksa dh

vko;drk esa vkus okyh T;knk ls T;knk oLrqvksa dks nj&lafonk iz.kkyh esa yk;k
tk;sA
19

jkT; ; laxBu ;g lqfupr djsxk fd nj lafonk vck/k :i ls

miyC/k jgasA
fu;e 131 u %& tc l{ke izkf/kdkjh ds vuqeksnu ls ;g fu.kZ; ys fy;k tk;s fd
okZeku iqjkus vkbVeksa dks u;s ,oa vPNs izdkj ds vkbVe ls cnyuk gS rks foHkkx u;s
dh [kjhn djrs le; okZeku iqjkus vkbVeksa dks csp ldrk gSA bl gsrq cksyh
nLrkost esa ,d mi;qDr [k.M j[kk tk ldrk gS rkfd laHkkfor ,oa vfHk:fp j[kus
okyk cksyhdkkZ rn~uqlkj viuh cksyh dks rS;kj dj ldsA fch dh tkus okyh iqjkuh
oLrqvksa dh dher ,oa fLFkfr dks /;ku esa j[krs gw, lQy cksyhdkkZ dks mlds
gLrkUrj.k dh izf;k ds lkFk&lkFk le; dk fofup; fd;k tkuk pkfg, ,oa cksyh
nLrkost esa blls lacaf/kr C;ksjk 'kkfey djuk pkfg,A cksyh nLrkost esa vkxs ;g
mi;qDr izko/kku Hkh j[kuk pkfg, fd srk dks u;k [kjhnrs le; iqjkus dks [kjhnus
;k u [kjhnus dh lqfo/kk miyC/k jgsA
fu;e 131 i %& foHkkx ,d fofk"V dk;Z tks vius C;kSjs rFkk iw.kZ djus ds fy,
dkykof/k ds laca/k eas iw.kZ :i ls ifjHkkf"kr gks] ds fy, okg~; fo'ks"kK] ijke'kZnkrk
QeZ ;k ijke'kZnkrk blds ckn ijke'kZnkrk ds :i eas lanfHkZr dh lsok;sa fdjk;s ij
ys ldrk gS rFkk dqN lsokvksa dks okg~; lzksr ls ys ldrk gS A
fu;e 131 Q %& bl v/;k; esa lHkh foHkkxksa ij ijkekZnkrk dh fu;qfDr ,oa lsok
dks okg~; lzksr ls izkIr djus laca/kh ekSfyd fl)kUrksa dks j[kk x;k gSA bl laca/k esa
foLr`r vuqnsk lacaf/kr ea=ky; vFkok foHkkxksa }kjk fuxZr fd;s tk ldrs gSA
fu;e 131 c %& ijkekZnkrkvksa }kjk djk;s tkus okys dk;Z@lsokvksa dks fpfUgr
djuk %& lykgdkjksa dk fofu;kstu mu fLFkfr;ksa esa fd;k tk ldrk gS tgk mPp
xq.kokk dh lsokvksa dh vko;drk gks vkSj lacaf/kr foHkkxksa dks mlesa okafNr fo"ksKrk
gkfly u gksA ijkekZnkrkvksa dhs lsok;sa ysus ls iwoZ l{ke izkf/kdkjh dk vuqeksnu izkIr
dj ysuk pkfg,A
fu;e 131 Hk %& vko;d dk;Z@lsokvksa dk fo"k; {ks= rS;kj djuk %& foHkkxksa dks
ijke'kZnkrk dh fu;qfDr ds fy, t:jr] ms; ,oa dk;ZHkkj dk fo"k; {ks= lk/kkj.k
,oa laf{kIr Hkk"kk esa rS;kj djuk pkfg,A bl Lrj ij ijkekZnkrkvksa dh vgZrk ,oa
iwoZ&;ksX;rk dk ekinaM Hkh Li"Vr% fpfUgr dj ysuh pkfg,A
fu;e 131 e %& vkSfpR;iw.kZ O;; dk vkdyu & ijkekZnkrkvksa ds fofu;kstu dk
izLrko djrs le; mlds fy, gksus okys vkSfpR;iw.kZ O;; dk vkdyu cktkj dh
20

okZeku fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, rFkk bl izdkj dh xfrfof/k esa 'kkfey ,slh vU;
laxBuksa ls ijkekZ dj djuk pkfg,A
fu;e 131 ;& lekuor~ lzksrksa dk fpfUgdj.k %
1

tgka dk;Z ;k lsok dk vkdfyr ewY; 25 yk[k :0 rd gks og le:i

xfrfof/k;ksa esa 'kkfey nwljs foHkkxksa ;k laxBuksa] pSEcj vkWQ dkWelZ ,.M b.MLVht]
lykgdkjksa QeksZa ds ,lksfl;sku vkfn ls vkSipkfjd vFkok vukSipkfjd iwNrkN ds
vk/kkj ij lEHkkfor lykgdkjksa dh cM+h lwph rS;kj dh tk ldrh gSA
2

tgka dk;Z ;k lsok dk vkdfyr ewY; 25 yk[k :0 ls mij gks] ogk

mi;qZDr 1 ds vfrfjDr lykgdkjksa ls ^^:fp dh vfHkO;fDr bZ-vks-vkbZ-^^ ekxus gsrq

iwNrkN dk foKkiu U;wure ,d jk"Vh; nSfud ,oa foHkkx dh osclkbZV ij djuk
pkfg,A foKkiu esa mDr osclkbZV dk irk Hkh fn;k tkuk pkfg,A ^:fp dh
vfHkO;fDr* izkIr djrs gq, iwNrkN esa dk;Z ;k lsokvksa dk O;kid foLrkj] foHkkx }kjk
miyC/k djk;k tkusokyk fuosk] ijkekZnkrkvksa }kjk iwjh dh tkusokyh vgZrk ,oa
iwoZ& ;ksX;rk dk ekinaM rFkk le:i dk;Z@lsok esa ijkekZnkrk dk iwoZ vuqHko
foLrkj ls 'kkfey gksuk pkfg,A iwNrkN esa fofgr lsokvksa ds ms; ,oa foLrkj rFkk
dk;Z ij ijkekZnkrk ls mudk eUrO; Hkh izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA vfHk:fp j[kus
okys ijkekZnkrkvksa ls izfrmkj izkIr djus ds fy, i;kZIr le; fn;k tkuk pkfg,A
fu;e 131 j& ijkekZnkrk lwph dh NVkbZ& mijksDr fu;e 131u ds vuqlkj bPNqd
i{kdkjksa ls izkIr izfrmkj dss vk/kkj ij vis{kkvksa dks iwjk djus okys ijkefkZ;ksa dh
vxzkj fopkj gsrq NVkbZ dh tkuh pkfg,A ,sls NkVs x;s ijkefkZ;ksa dh la[;k rhu ls
de ugha gksuh pkfg,A
fu;e 131y& lUnHkZ ds fcUnq rS;kj djuk TOR
lUnHkZ ds fcUnw esa fuEufyf[kr 'kkfey gksus pkfg,%&
1

ms;ksa dk lqLi"V fooj.k(

iwjk fd;s tkus okys dk;Z dh :ijs[kk(

fu;r dk;Z dks iwjk djus ds fy, dkykof/k (

dUlYVasalh dks lqfo/kk miyC/k djkus gsrq foHkkx }kjk miyC/k djk;k tkus

okyh lqfo/kk;sa ;k fuos'k (

5

vafre ifj.kke fMyhojscy ftldh ijkekZnkrk ls vis{kk gksxh (

21

fu;e 131o& izLrko ds vkea=.k vkj-,Q-ih- dh rS;kjh ,oa vkea=.k %& vkj0 ,Q0
ih0 og nLrkost gS tks foHkkx }kjk ijkekZnkrk ls visf{kr dk;Z@lsokvksa ds fy,
izLrko izkIr djus ds fy, mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA vkj0 ,Q0 ih0 NVkbZ fd;s x;s
ijkekZnkrkvksa dks muls rduhdh ,oa fokh; izLrkoksa dh ekax djus ds fy, fd;k
tkuk pkfg,A vkj0 ,Q0 ih0 esa fuEu 'kkfey gksuk pkfg,%&
1

vkea=.k&i=(

izLrko lefiZr djus ds fy, izf;k ls lEcfU/kr ijkekZnkrk dks nh tkus

okyh lwpuk(
3

lUnHkZ ds fcUnq Vh-vks-vkj-

vgZrk ,oa iwoZ&;ksX;rk dk ekinaM ;fn mls vfHk:fp dh vfHkO;fDr ds

fy, iwNrkN ds ek/;e ls fofufpr u fd;k x;k gks(

5

cksyh ewY;kadu ekinaM ,oa p;u izf;k(

rduhdh ,oa fokh; izLrkoksa ds fy, ekud izk:i(

izLrkfor lafonk 'kksZ ,oa

dk;Z dh izxfr dk e/;kof/k leh{kk ,oa vfUre izk:i izfrosnu dh leh{kk

gsrq izLrkfor izf;kA

fu;e 131 'k& foyEc cksyh& foyEc cksyh vFkkZr~ fofufpr frfFk ,oa le; ds ckn
izkIr gksus okyh cksyh ij fopkj ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
fu;e 131 "k& rduhdh cksyh dk ewY;kadu& rduhdh cksyh dks foHkkx }kjk xfBr
dUlYVsalh ewY;kadu lfefr lh0bZ0lh0 }kjk foysf"kr ,oa ewY;kafdr fd;k tkuk
pkfg,A lh0 bZ0 lh0 vius }kjk foysf"kr ,oa ewY;kafdr izLrko dks Lohd`fr ,oa
vLohd`fr ds fy, dkj.kksa dks C;ksjsokj vfHkfyf[kr djsxhA
fu;e 131 l& rduhdh :i ls ;ksX; cksyhdkkZ dh fokh; cksyh dk ewY;kadu&
foHkkx flQZ oSls cksyhdkkZ dh cksyh [kksysxk ftUgsa mijksDr fu;e dss v/khu
dUlYVsUlh ewY;kadu lfefr }kjk vxzkj foys"k.k ;k ewY;kadu ,oa dUlYVsUlh
lafonk iznku djus ds fy, lQy cksyhdkkZ ds p;u gsrq rduhdh :i ls ;ksX;
?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA
fu;e 131 g& ukekadu }kjk dUlYVsUlh& dqN foks"k ifjfLFkfr esa ;g vko;d gks
ldrk gS fd dqy feykdj foHkkx ds fgr dks /;ku esa j[krs gq,k ,d [kkl
ijkekZnkrk dk p;u djuk iM+s tgka ,sls ,dy lzksr p;u ds fy, i;kZIr dkj.k
22

miyC/k gksA ,dy Jksrp;u ds fy, iwjk vkSfpR; lafpdk ij vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tkuk
pkfg, rFkk ,sls ,dy Jksrp;u dk lgkjk ysus ds iwoZ l{ke izkf/kdkjh dk vuqeksnu
izkIr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
fu;e 131 {k& lafonk dk vuqqJo.k&

foHkkx dks dUlYVsUlh ds dk;Zdyki esa

yxkrkj 'kkfey jguk pkfg,] csgrj gksxk fd ,d dk;Zcy dh 'kSyh viukbZ tk; rFkk
ijkekZnkrkvksa ds iznkZu dk yxkrkj ewY;kadu fd;k tk; rkfd ijkekZnkrk dk
vkmViqV foHkkxh; ms; ds vuq:i gksaA
lsok dks ckg~; lzkrs ls izkIr djuk
fu;e 131 =& foHkkx ferO;f;rk ,oa n{krk ds fgr eas dqN lsokvksa dks ckg~; Jksr ls
izkIr dj ldrk gS vkSj fuEu ewy fnkkfunsZkksa dk mYya?ku fd, fcuk bl gsrq foLr`r
vuqnsk ,oa izf;k funsf'kr dj ldrk gSA
fu;e 131 K& le:i laosnd dh igpku& foHkkx dks leku xfrfof/k;ksa esa 'kkfey
vU; foHkkx vkSj laxBu ls vkSipkfjd vFkok vukSipkfjd iwNrkN ds vk/kkj ij];syks
istst] O;kikfjd if=dkvksa] ;fn miyC/k gks] osclkbZV vkfn dh tkp ls le:i ,oa
lEHkkfor laosndksa dh lwph rS;kj djuh pkfg,A
fu;e 131 Kd& fufonk iwNrkN& foHkkx vU; ckrksa ds lkFk&lkFk fuEu ckrksa dks
'kkfey djrs gq, fufonk iwNrkN rS;kj djsxk&
1

laosnd }kjk iwjk fd;s tkus okys dk;Z ,oa lsok dh foLr`fr]

foHkkx }kjk laosnd dks miyC/k djk;s tkus okyh lqfo/kk,a ,oa

fofufnZ"V dk;Z@lsok dks iwjk djus ds fy, laosnd dh vgZkk ,oa ;ksX;rk

ekinaM
3

vko;d dk;Z lsokvksa dks lEikfnr djus ds fy, laosnd }kjk iwjh dh

tkuh okyh lkafof/kd ,oa lafonkRed nkf;Ro]

fu;e 131 K[k& cksyh dk vkea=.k&
d

nl yk[k :i;s rd ;k mlls de ds vkdfyr ewY; okys dk;Z ,oa

lsokvksa ds fy, foHkkx dks mijksDr fu;e 131K ds vuqlkj fpfUgr le:i laosndksa
dh izkFkfed lwph dh Nkuchu dj izFke nz"V~;k vgZrk izkIr ,oa l{ke laosnd dk
fu.kZ; dj] mUgsa lhfer fufonk iwNrkN fuxZr djrs gq, ekud pyu ds vuq:i ,d
fufpr frfFk ,oa le; ij viuk izLrko nsus dks dgk tkuk pkfg, A lhfer fufonk
iwNrkN fuxZr djus gsrq pqus x;s ,sls laosndksa dh la[;k N% ls de ugha gksuh pkfg,A
23

[k

nl yk[k :0 ls vf/kd vkdfyr ewY; okys dk;Z ;k lsokvksa ds fy,

foHkkx dks fufpr frfFk ,oa le; ij izLrko ekaxus ds fy, de&ls&de ,d] vf/kd
izlkj okys jk"Vh; nSfud lekpkj i= rFkk foHkkx ds osclkbZV esa foKkfir fufonk
iwNrkN fuxZr djuh pkfg,A
fu;e 131 Kx& foyEc cksyh &
foyEc cksyh vFkkZr~ izkfIr ds fofufpr frfFk ,oa le; ds ckn izkIr cksyh ij fopkj
ugha djuk pkfg,A
fu;e 131 K?k& izkIr cksyh dk ewY;kadu&
foHkkx dks izfrmkjnk;h cksfy;ksa dk ewY;kadu] i`FkDdhdj.k ,oa ekafdr djuk pkfg,
rFkk lafonk nsus ds fy, lQy cksyhdkkZ dk p;u djuk pkfg,A
fu;e 131 KM+& ukekadu }kjk ckg~; lzksr ls dk;Z djkuk& fdlh vkiokfnd fLFkfr
esa foks"k :i ls p;fur laosnd dks dksbZ dk;Z ckg~; Jksr dk fn;k tkuk vfuok;Z gks
tk;s rks foHkkx ds l{ke izkf/kdkjh vkUrfjd fokh; lykgdkj ds ijkekZ ls ,slk dj
ldrs gSaA oSls ekeyksa esa C;ksjsokj vkSfpR;] p;u }kjk dk;Z dks ckg~; L=ksr dks lkSaius
dh fLFkfr;k ,oa mlls iwjk gksus okyk foks"k fgr ;k ms; tks ;g iwjk djsxk] izLrko
dk iw.kZdh; Hkkx gksxkA
fu;e 131 Kp& lafonk dk vuqJo.k& foHkkx dks lafonk dks lapkfyr djus esa
yxkrkj 'kkfey jguk pkfg, ,oa laosnd ds dk;Z dk yxkrkj vuqJo.k djuk
pkfg,A**
6-

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds Hk.Mkj dh lkefxz;ksa dh vkiwfrZ ds fy, fu;e ls

lEcfU/kr ifjfk"V 8 dk foyksiu&
fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh dk ifjfk"V 8 foyksfir fd;k tk;sxkA

7-

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds v/;k; 8 ds 'kh"kZd dk izfrLFkkiu&

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds v/;k; 8 dk 'kh"kZ ^^Hk.Mkj lkefxz;ksa dh izkfIr;k^^ dks
^^buHksaVjh izcU/ku^^ ls izfrLFkkfir fd;k tk;sxkA

8-

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds Hk.Mkj lkexzh ls lEcfU/kr fu;e 132 ls 153 dk

izfrLFkkiu&
^^fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds fu;e 132 ls 153 fuEufyf[kr fu;eksa }kjk izfrLFkkfir
fd;s tk;saxs %&
24

^^fu;e 132&

;g v/;k; buHksaVjh izcU/ku ds lEcU/k esa lHkh ea=ky;@foHkkxksa esa

ykxw gksus ;ksX; vk/kkjHkwr fu;ekssa ls lEcfU/kr gSA bl v/;k; ds lekfgr ewy fu;eksa
ds lkFk O;kid vuq:irk j[krs gq, fofHkk ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa }kjk rkfydk micU/k ds
le; foLr`r vuqnsk ,oa izf;k fofgr dh tk ldsxhA
fu;e 133&
1

futh vkiwfkZdkkZ ls oLrqvksa ,oa lkefxz;ksa dh izkfIr&

vkiwfkZdkkZ ls oLrqvksa ,oa lkefxz;ksa ds izkIr djrs le; Hk.Mkj ds izHkkjh

inkf/kdkjh dks lEcfU/kr fufonk 'kkkZ dks lUnfHkZr ,oa lkefxz;ksa dh izkfIr ds fy,
fofgr izf;k dk ikyu djuk pkfg,A
2

oLrqvksa dh izkfIr ds le; ;g lqfufpr djus ds fy, fd oLrqvksa dh ekax

lgh gS] xq.kokk vko;d fofkf"V;ksa ds vuqlkj gS] rFkk mlesa dksbZ {kfr ;k deh ugha
gS lHkh lkefxz;ksas dh fxurh ekih ;k rkSy n`;eku~ fujh{k.k esa fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
3

blds ckn leqfpr Hk.Mkj iath esa izkIr dh x;h oLrqvksa dh fooj.kh dh

izfof"V dh tkuh pkfg,A HkaMkj ds izHkkjh inkf/kdkjh ;g izekf.kr djsaxs fd mlus

okLro esa oLrq, izkIr dh gS vkSj leqfpr HkaMkj iath esa bldk la/kkj.k fd;k gSA
fu;e 134& laxBu ds vkUrfjd ize.Myksa ls izkIr oLrqvksa ,oa lkefxz;ksa dh
izkfIr@fuxZeu&
1

mlh laxBu ds vkUrfjd ize.Myksa ls oLrqvksa ,oa lkefxz;ksa ls vis{kk j[kus

okyk ekaxdkkZ inkf/kdkjh dks bl gsrq fofgr izi= esa ekaxi= tkjh djuk pkfg,A
ekaxi= ds fo:) vkiwfrZ izkIr djrs le; ekaxdkkZ iznk oLrqvksa dh ek=k lgh gksus]
vko;d fofkf"V;ksa ds vuq:i xq.kokk gksus] lkefxz;ksa esa dksbZ {kfr ;k deh ugha gS]
dks lqfufpr djus ds fy, ;Fkko;d mldh tkp] fxurh] eki ;k rkSy djsxkA
ekaxdkkZ inkf/kdkjh lkexzh Hkstus okys ize.My dks bl izHkko dk leqfpr ikorh
iznku djsxkA
2

HkaMkj ds izHkkjh inkf/kdkjh foHkkxh; mi;ksx] fofuekZ.k fch bR;kfn ds

fy, Hk.Mkj ls lkefxz;ksa ds fuxZeu ds ekeysa esa ;g ns[ksxk fd ekaxdkkZ inkf/kdkjh

}kjk fofgr izi= esa ekaxi= tkjh fd;k x;k gSA lkefxz;ksa dks fuxZr djrs le;
ekaxdkkZ inkf/kdkjh vFkok mlds izkf/kd`r izfrfuf/k ls fuxZr dh xbZ lkefxz;ksa dh
fyf[kr ikorh jlhn yh tk;sxhA

25

laons d dks lkexzh fuxZr djus dh fLFkfr esa laosnd ls olwyuh; ewY;]

lEcfU/kr lHkh fooj.k ftlesa olwyh nj ,oa laosnd ls vkns; dqy ewY; 'kkfey gS] ds
lEcU/k esa mlls frfFk lfgr gLrk{kfjr ikorh izkIr dh tkuh pkfg,A
4

;fn HkaMkj dk izHkkjh inkf/kdkjh ekaxi= dk iw.kZ:is.k vuqikyu djus esa

v{ke gksa rks mls miyC/k lhek rd lkefxz;ksa dh vkiwfrZ djuh pkfg, ,oa ekaxi= dh
ekaxdkkZ dh izfr esa bl izek.k dh leqfpr izfof"V djuh pkfg,A ekax dh xbZ
lkefxz;ksa ds ,ot esa oSdfYid lkefxz;k miyC/k gksus dh fLFkfr esa nLrkost esa bl
vkk; dk leqfpr funsZk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
fu;e 135&

lkefxz;ksa ,oa oLrqvksa dk vfHkj{k.k&

lkefxz;ksa ,oa oLrqvksa [kkldj cgqewY; vkSj@vFkok Toyukhy inkFkkZsa dk vfHkj{k.k

djus okys HkaMkj dk izHkkjh inkf/kdkjh mldh lqjf{kr vfHkj{k.k djus] mfpr
HkaMkj.kh; vkoklu ftlesa okafNr rkieku] /kwyjfgr okrkoj.k cuk;s j[kus dk bUrtke
'kkfey gS] ds fy, leqfpr dne mBk;sxkA
fu;e 136 &
1

lwph ,oa ys[kk

Hk.Mkj ds izHkkjh inkf/kdkjh vius izHkkj esa j[ks oLrqvksa ,oa lkefxz;ksa ds

lEcU/k esa bdkbZokj lwph ,oa ys[kk j[ksxk rFkk mldk ;FkkFkZ fjVuZ rS;kj djsxk rkfd
iqLr'ks"k ds lkFk ;FkkFkZ 'ks"k dk feyku fdlh Hkh le; djuk lEHko gks ldsA mij
of.kZr HkaMkj ys[kk dk izi= oLrqvksa ,oa lkefxz;ksa dh izd`fr ls lUnfHkZr] laO;ogkj dh
ckjEckjrk ,oa lEcfU/kr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa dh fofk"V vko;drkvksa ds lUnHkZ esa
fofufpr fd;k tk;sxkA
2i

fufpr ifjlEifk;k ;Fkk la;a=] ekhujh] ;a=] miLdj] tqM+okj vkfn

izi= ,Q0 vkj0 5&, esa(

ii

miHkksX;] ;Fkk dk;kZy; ys[ku lkexzh] jlk;u] j[kj[kko lEcU/kh vfrfjDr

ikVZ iqtsZ vkfn izi= ,Q0 vkj0&5ch esa(

iii

iqLrdky; dh fdrkcsa ,Q0 vkj0 5lh esa(

iv

,sfrgkfld laxzgky; esa j[ks x;s dykRed ewY; dh ljdkjh foHkkxksa dh

ifjlEifk;k izi= ,Q0 vkj0 5Mh esa(

ds fy, vyx&vyx ys[kk j[kk tk,xkA
fVIi.kh%& bu izi=ksa ds lkFk foHkkxksa }kjk ;Fkkvko;d vfrfjDr C;ksjk vuqiwfjr
fd;k tk,xkA
26

fu;e 137&

fLFkj ifjlEifk;ksa dks fdjk, ij nsuk%&

fLFkj ifjlEifk;k tc LFkkuh; fudk;ksa] laosndksa vFkok vU; dks fdjk, ij nh tk,
rks ifjlEifk;ksa dk leqfpr vfHkys[k j[kk tkuk pkfg, rFkk l{ke izkf/kdkjh }kjk
fofgr fu;e ds vUrxZr fu/kkZfjr fdjk;k rFkk vU; 'kqYd dh olwyh fu;fer :i ls
dh tkuh pkfg,A LFkkuh; fudk;ksa] laosndksa ,oa vU; ls olwyuh; ;FkksDr 'kqYd dh
x.kuk ,sfrgkfld ewY; ds vk/kkj ij dh tkuh pkfg,A
fu;e 138& fLFkj ifjlEifk;ksa dk HkkSfrd lR;kiu
1-

fLFkj ifjlEifk;ksa dh rkfydkbUosUVh lkekU;r;k LFky ij la/kkfjr

gksxkA fLFkj ifjlEifk;k dk lR;kiu o"kZ esa de&ls&de ,d ckj fd;k tkuk pkfg,
rFkk lR;kiu ls izkIr ifj.kke lEcfU/kr iath esa ntZ dh tkuh pkfg,A ;fn dksbZ
fopyu gks rks mldh leqfpr tkp rFkk mls ys[kk esa yk;k tkuk pkfg,A
2-

miHkksX; dk lR;kiu& lHkh miHkksX; oLrqvksa ,oa lkefxz;ksa dk HkkSfrd

lR;kiu o"kZ esa de&ls&de ,d ckj fd;k tkuk pkfg, ,oa ;fn dksbZ fopyu gks rks
l{ke izkf/kdkjh }kjk leqfpr dkjZokbZ gsrq Hk.Mkj iath esa bldk la/kkj.k fd;k tkuk
pkfg,A
3-

lR;kiu dh izf;k

rkfydk ds vfHkj{k.k ds lR;kiu ds fy, tokcnsg inkf/kdkjh dh

mifLFkfr esa gh geskk lR;kiu fd;k tk;sxkA

ii

Hk.Mkj iath esa fu"d"kZ lfgr lR;kiu dk izek.k&i= vafdr fd;k tk;sxkA

iii

;fn dksbZ foypu ftlesa deh] {kfr vkSj csdkj oLrq, 'kkfey gS] lR;kiu

ds nkSjku ik;h tk, ;k n`f"Vxr gks rks fu;e&31 ls 35 esa fn, x, izko/kkuksa ds
vuqlkj leqfpr dkjZokbZ djus ds fy, l{ke izkf/kdkjh dh tkudkjh esa bls rqjar
yk;k tk;sxkA
fu;e 139&

vUrLFk HkaMkj& l{ke inkf/kdkjh }kjk miHkksX; oLrqvksa dh

ckjEckjrk ,oa mldh ek=k rFkk mldh vkiwfrZ ds rjhds] ds vuqdwyre vUr%LFk
Hk.Mkj dk fofufp; fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
fVIi.kh& pwfd bUosUVh ds j[kj[kko ij O;; ,slk O;; gS tks Hk.Mkfjr lkexzh ds ewY;
esa o`f) ugha djrk gS] ,d o"kZ ls vf/kd rd HkaMkfjr lkexzh lkekU;r;k vfrjsd
ekuh tkrh gS tcrd fd bls vU;Fkk ekuus dk dksbZ leqfpr dkj.k okZeku u gksA
27

fu;e 140&
i

iqLrdky;ksa dh iqLrdksa dk HkkSfrd lR;kiu&

oSls iqLrdky;ksa ftlesa 20]000 ls vf/kd iqLrdasa u gksa] ds ekeysa esa o"kZ esa

de&ls&de ,d ckj mldk iw.kZ HkkSfrd lR;kiu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A oSls iqLrdky;
ftlesa 20]000 ls vf/kd 50]000 rd iqLrdsa gSa] dk de&ls&de rhu lky esa ,d
ckj ,slk lR;kiu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A oSls iqLrdky; ftlesa 50]000 ls vf/kd iqLrdsa
gksa] ds ekeysa esa rhu o"kZ ls vuf/kd vUrjky ij uewuk HkkSfrd lR;kiu fd;k tkuk
pkfg,A ;fn ,sls lR;kiu esa vLokHkkfod vFkok vrkfdZr dfe;k lkeus vkrh gSa rks
iw.kZ lR;kiu fd;k tk;sxkA
ii o"kZ esa izfr ,d gtkj fdrkcksa ds fuxZeu@mi;ksx esa 5ikp fdrkcksa dh deh dks
rkfdZd ekuk tk;sxk ckksZ fd ,slh dfe;k csbZekuh vFkok ykijokgh ds dkj.k u gksA
gkykafd ,d gtkj :i;s ls vf/kd ewY; dh fdrkc ,oa nqyZHk iqLrdsa pkgsa mldh
dksbZ Hkh dher gks ds [kksus dh fLFkfr esa vfuok;Z :i ls mudh tkp dh tk;sxh vkSj
leqfpr dkjZokbZ dh tk;sxhA
fu;e 141&

oLrqvksa] lkefxz;ksa vkfn esa izHkkj dk gLrkUrj.k&

oLrqvksa] lkefxz;ksa bR;kfn esa izHkkjh inkf/kdkjh ds LFkkukUrj.k dh fLFkfr esa

LFkkukUrfjr inkf/kdkjh ;g ns[ksxk fd oLrq, ,oa lkefxz;k mlds izfrLFkkuh dks
lgh&lgh lkSai nh tk,A ,d fooj.kh ftlesa oLrqvksa ,oa lkefxz;ksa dk lHkh lEcfU/kr
C;ksjk ntZ gks] rS;kj fd;k tk,xk ftlij Hkkjxzkgh inkf/kdkjh dk frfFk lfgr
gLrk{kj gksxkA buesa ls izR;sd ds ikl gLrk{kfjr fooj.kh dh ,d izfr jgsxhA
fu;e 142&
i

oLrqvksa dk fu"iknu&

dksbZ vkbZVe ftldk foHkkx dks dksbZ mi;ksx u gks] dks vfrjsd vFkok j

vFkok csdkj ?kksf"kr fd;k tk ldsxkA fdlh bdkbZ ds ; gsrq l{ke inkf/kdkjh }kjk
ml oLrq dks vfrjsd vFkok j vFkok csdkj ?kksf"kr djus dk dkj.k vfHkfyf[kr
fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
ii

oLrqvksa dks vfrjsd ;k j ;k csdkj ?kksf"kr djus ds fy, l{ke inkf/kdkjh

Lofoosd ls ,d leqfpr Lrj dh lfefr xfBr dj ldrk gSA

iii

[kkrk ewY;] funsfkr ewY; ,oa vkjf{kr ewY; ftldh vko;drk vfrjsd

oLrqvksa ds fu"iknu esa gksxh] dks cuk;k tkuk pkfg,A ;fn ewY; fudkyk tku laHko u
gks rks oLrq dk izkjafHkd ;&ewY; dk mi;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A fu"iknu ds HkaMkj
dk izfrosnu izi= ,Q0 vkj0&5bZ esa rS;kj fd;k tk,xkA
28

iv

;fn fdlh ljdkjh deZpkjh dh ykijokgh] /kks[kk vkSj nq"d`R; ds dkj.k

dksbZ bZdkbZ dke ;ksX; ugha jg tkrh gS rks blds fy, nkf;Ro fu/kkZfjr fd;k t,xkA
fu;e 143& fu"iknu ds izdkj
i

vfrjsd] j ,oa csdkj oLrqvksa dk fu/kkZfjr 'ks"k ewY; ;fn nks yk[k ls mij

gks rks mldk fu"iknu

d

fufonk izdk'ku ds ek/;e ls fufonk izkIr dj vFkok

[k

lkoZtfud uhykeh }kjk dh tk,xhA

ii

nks yk[k :i;s ls de ewY; ds vfrjsd] j vFkok csdkj oLrqvksa ds fy,

l{ke izkf/kdkjh }kjk fu"iknu dk rjhdk] ,sls oLrqvksa ds teko ls cpus dh

vko';drk vkSj ifj.kkeLo:i LFkku ds yxkrkj Hkjs jgus vkSj fu"iknu ;ksX; oLrqvksa
ds ewY; esa fxjkoV dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, dh tk,xhA
iii

dqN vfrjsd] j vFkok csdkj oLrqvksa ;Fkk nok;sa] vukt] xksyk&ck:n

bR;kfn tks ekuoh; mi;ksx ds fy, gkfudkjd ;k vuqi;qDr gS dks mi;qDr rjhdk
viukdj vfr'kkh?kz fu"ikfnr ;k fou"V dj nsuk pkfg, rkfd LokLF; nq"ifj.kkeksa
vkSj@vFkok i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k vkSj oSlh oLrqvksa ds nq:i;ksx dh laHkkouk ls cpk tk
ldsA
iv

vfrjsd] j vFkok csdkj oLrq,a ;a= vkSj nLrkost ftlesa lqj{kk ekeys

lfUufgr gksa ;Fkk djsalh] fuxksf'k;scqy baLVqesaV] izkfIr jlhn] cgh] LVkEi ,oa lsD;wfjVh
izsl bR;kfn dk fu"iknu@fofuf"Vdj.k fokh; fu;eksa ds lkFk&lkFk dk;kZy; ds
xksiuh;rk ls lacaf/kr fu;eksa ds vuqikyu lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, leqfpr rjhds
viukdj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
fu;e 143 foKkfir fufonk ds ek/;e ls fu"iknu
i

bl gsrq fuEu izdkj ls O;kid dne mBk;s tkus gS%&

d

cksyh nLrkost rS;kj fd;k tkuk(

[k

fch ;ksX; vfrjsd oLrqvksa ds fy, fufonk dk vkea=.k(

cksyh dk [kksyk tkuk(

?k

izkIr vkea=.k dk fo'ys"k.k ,oa ewY;kadu(

vf/kdre cksyh yxkus okys dk p;u(

p;fur cksyh yxkus okys ls fch ewY; dk laxzg.k(

29

p;fur cksyh yxkus okys dks fch foeqfDr vkns'k fuxZr djuk(

p;fur cksyh yxkus okys dks fch dh xbZ vfrjsd oLrqvksa dks foeqDr

fd;k tkuk ,oa

>
ii

vlQy cksyh nkrk dks cksyh tekur jkf'k okil fd;k tkuk
foKfIr fufonk ds ek/;e ls oLrqvksa ds fu"iknu ds fy, egRoiw.kZ vk;ke

fuEuo~r gS %&
d

,slh oLrqvksa ds foKfIr fufonk ds ek/;e ls fch ds fy, ewy fl)kUr

gSa& Lofoosd LosPNkpkfjrk dh lekfIr] ikjnf'kZrk cjruk] izfrLi/kZrk ,oa

fu"i{krk A fch ;kstuk ,oa fch ds fy, oLrqvksa dk O;kid izpkj&izlkj fd;k
tkuk pkfg,A vkea=.k nLrkost esa fch ds fy, lHkh vko;d 'kksZ ,oa izfrcU/kksa dks
lk/kkj.k ,oa ljy Hkk"kk esa vafdr djuk gSA nLrkost esa lUnfHkZr djksa dh vkns;rk
Li"V :i ls of.kZr gksuh pkfg,A
[k

vkea=.k nLrkost esa LFkku dk funsZku ,oa fch ds fy, oLrqvksa dh

okZeku fLFkfr of.kZr gksuh pkfg, rkfd cksyhnkrk cksyh ds iwoZ oLrqvksa dk ijh{k.k dj
ldsA
x

cksyhnkrk ls cksyh ds lkFk cksyh tekur jkfk dks tek djus dks dgk

tkuk pkfg,A cksyh tekur dh jkfk lkekU;r% oLrq ds vkjf{kr ,oa fu/kkZfjr ewY;
dk nl izfrkr gksuk pkfg,A cksyh nLrkost esa lgh cksyh tekur jkfk dk mYys[k
gksuk pkfg,A
?k

lkekU;r;k vf/kdre cksyh yxkus okys dh cksyh gh Lohd`r dh tkuh

pkfg,A gkykafd ;fn ml cksyhnkrk }kjk izLrkfor ewY; Lohdkj ;ksX; u gks rks flQZ
mlh cksyhnkrk ds lkFk nj okkkZ dh tk ldrh gSA ;fn nj okkkZ bfPNr Qy u nsa
rks mfpr ,oa Lohdkj ;ksX; ewY; nwljs mPPrj izfrmkjnk;h cksyhnkrk dks izLrkfor
fd;k tk ldrk gSA

;fn mPpre Lohdkj ;kssX; cksyhnkrk }kjk fu"iknu ;ksX; iwjh ek=k ugha

yh tk lds rks cph gqbZ ek=k vxyh mPprj cksyhnkrk dks mPpre Lohdkj ;ksX;
cksyhnkrk }kjk izLrkfor ewY; ij izLrkfor fd;k tk ldrk gSA
p

lQy cksyhnkrk ls oLrqvksa ds iw.kZ Hkqxrku vFkkZr~ cksyh tekur jkfk ds

lek;kstu ds ckn cph 'ks"k jkfk ds Hkqxrku ds ckn oLrqvksa dh foeqfDr dh tkuh
pkfg,A
30

;fn p;fur cksyhnkrk oLrqvksa ds mBko esa :fp ugha fn[kkrk gS rks cksyh

tekur jkfk tCr dj yh tkuh pkfg, ,oa vU; dkjZokbZ;k ftlesa lEcfU/kr oLrq dh
iqufcZh 'kkfey gS] fof/kd ijkekZ izkIr djus ds ckn nks"kh ds fjLd ,oa ykxr ij
dh tkuh pkfg,A
iii

foyfEcr vkea=.k vFkkZr~ fu/kkZfjr frfFk ,oa le; ds i'pkr~ izkIr gksus

okyh cksyh ij fopkj ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

fu;e 144&
1

uhykeh ds ek/;e ls fu"iknu&

foHkkx fuiVkjk fd;s tkus okyh oLrqvksa dks uhykeh dks ;k rks lh?ks vius

gkFk esa ys tk ldrk gS ;k vuqeksfnr uhykedkkZ ds e/k;e ls djk ldrk gSA

2

;gka ykxw gksus oky ewy fl)kar foKfIr fufonk ds ek/;e ls fu"iknu ds

fy, ykxw gksus okys ds leku gh gS rkfd ikjnfkZrk] izfrLi/kkZ] fu"i{krk lqfuf'pr dh
tk lds ,oa LosPNkpkfjrk dh lekfIr lqfufpr gks ldsA uhykeh ;kstuk] ftlesa
uhykeh gksuh okyh oLrqvksa ,ia muds LFkku dk C;ksjk 'kkfey gS( ykxw gksus okyh fch
dh 'kkksZa ,oa izfrcU/kksa dks ftl izdkj foKkfir fufonk ds ekeysa esa fd;k tkrk gS
mlh izdkj O;kid izpkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
3

uhykeh dh izf;k izkjEHk djrs le;] uhykeh fd;s tkusokys oLrqvksa dh

fLFkfr ,oa vofLFkfr] ykxw gksus ;ksX; fch dh 'kksZa ,oa izfrcU/kksa dks tSlk fd iwoZ esa
gh blds fy, O;kid izpkj nsrs gqn vuqnsfkr gS tek gq, cksyhdkkZvksa dks ykHk ds
fy, fQj ?kksf"kr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
4

uhykeh dh izf;k ds le; cksyh dh Lohd`fr ;k vLohd`fr dh ?kks"k.kk

rqjr gFkkSM+s dh pksV ij dh tkuh pkfg,A ;fn dksbZ ckssyh Lohdkj dh tkrh gS lQy
cksyhdkkZ ls c;kuk jkfk vusZLV euh tks cksyh ewY; ds 25 izfrkr ls de ugha gks
rqjr mlh LFkku ij ;k rks uxn ;k oLrq cspus okys foHkkx ds i{k ea ns; fMiksftV
bu dkWy fjflIV Mh0 ,l0 bZ0 vkj0 ds :i esa yh tkuh pkfg,A 'ks"k jkfk dk
Hkqxrku izkIr gksus ds i'pkr~ gh lQy cksyhdkkZ dks eky gLrk{kfjr djuh pkfg,A
5

uhykeh Vhe ds la;kstu dk fu.kZ; l{ke inkf/kdkjh }kjk fy;k tk;sxkA

gkykafd Vhe esa foHkkx ds vkUrfjd fokh; dks"kkax dk ,d inkf/kdkjh 'kkfey jguk
pkfg,A
fu;e 145& jh eky ds ewY; ij ;k vU; rjhds ls fuiVko&

31

;fn foHkkx fdlh vfrjsd ;k j ;k lsok;ksX; ugha jgs oLrqvksa dh fch

foKfIr fufonk ;k uhykeh ds ek/;e ls iz;kl djus ds ckn Hkh djus esa lQy ugha
gksrh gS rks og mls fok foHkkx dh lgefr ysdj l{ke inkf/kdkjh ds vuqeksnu ls
jh eky dh dher ij fuiVko dj ldrh gSA ;fn foHkkx jh eky dh dher ij Hkh
ml oLrq dks csp ugha ikrh gS rks og fuiVko dk dksbZ vU; rjhdk viuk ldrh gS
ftlesa i;kZoj.k ds vuqdwy rjhds ls oLrq dk fou"V fd;k tkuk Hkh 'kkfey gSA
fu;e 146& 1 viys[ku dh 'kfDr& iquewZY;u] HkaMkj dh tkp ;k vU; dkj.kksa ls
gksus okys lHkh ykHk ,oa gkfu dks vfHkfyf[kr ,oa tks vko;d gks] lek;ksftr fd;k
tk;sxkA ljdkjh ys[kk esa dksbZ vkSipkfjd lakks/ku ;k lek;kstu 'kkfey u jgus ij
Hkh {kfr ds lEcU/k esa l{ke izkf/kdkjh dh vkSipkfjd Lohd`fr izkIr dh tk;sxhA {kfr
dks viysf[kr djus dh 'kfDr fokh; izR;k;kstu ladyu ds vUrxZr miyC/k gSA
2

ewY;{kj.k ds dkj.k {kfr& ewY;{kj.k ds dkj.k {kfr dk foys"k.k fd;k

tk;sxk vkSj ;Fkk ykxw fuEu 'kh"kZ ds vUrxZr vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tk;sxk&
i

cktkj ewY; dk lkekU; mrkj&p<+ko

ii

lkekU; f?klko

iii

; fofu;eu esa nwjnfkZrk dk vHkko( vkSj

iv

; ds ckn ykijokghA

ewY;{kj.k ls vyx {kfr& ewY;{kj.k ls vyx gVdj gksus okyh {kfr dks

fuEu 'kh"kZ esa lewghd`r dj fy;k tk;sxk&

i

pksjh ;k /kks[kk ds dkj.k {kfr(

ii

ykijokgh ds dkj.k {kfr(

iii

HkaMkj ds csdkj gksus ds dkj.k vFkok t:jr ls vf/kd ; ds dkj.k

vuqekfur {kfr(

iv

fou"V gksus ds dkj.k gqbZ {kfr( vkSj

vifjgk;Z nkkvksa ;Fkk vkxyxh] ck<+ 'k=q] vke.k vkfn vlk/kkj.k ifjf/k
ds dkj.k gqbZ {kfr**

9-

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds fuekZ.k ls lEcfU/kr fu;e 199 ls 322 dk izfrLFkkiu&

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds fu;e 199 ls 322 dks fuEufyf[kr fu;eksa }kjk
izfrLFkkfir fd;k tk;sxk %&

32

^^fu;e 199& ^ewy dk;Z^ ls vfHkizsr gS lHkh u;k fuekZ.k] okZeku dk;ksZa esa tqM+ko ;k
:ikUrj.k vFkok <+kpksa esa foks"k ejEer ftlesa iquizZfr:i.k ,oa iquLZFkkiu 'kkfey gSA
^ejEerh dk;Z^ ls vfHkizsr gS Hkou ,oa tqM+ukjksa ds j[kj[kko ds fy, fd;k x;k dk;ZA
fu;e 200&

dk;Z ds izkklfud fu;a=.k esa 'kkfey gS&

fuekZ.k] j[kj[kko ,oa vuqj{k.k ds fy, iw.kZ mkjnkf;Ro xzg.k djuk(

ii

Hkouksa ,oa lEc) dk;ksZa dk leqfpr mi;ksx(

iii

bu dk;ksZa ds fu"iknu ds fy, fuf/k dk izko/kku

fu;e 201&

dk;ksZa dh Lohd`fr dh 'kfDr& fofHkk v/khuLFk izkf/kdkfj;ksa dks

izkklfud vuqeksnu iznku djus] O;; dh Lohd`r djus ,oa dk;Z ds fy, fuf/k dk
iqufoZfu;ksx djus dh izR;k;ksftr 'kfDr;k dEisfUM;e vkWQ Qkbusafl;y Msyhxsku ,oa
lEcfU/kr foHkkxh; fofu;eksa esa la/kkfjr vU; vknskksa }kjk fofu;fer dh tkrh gSA
fu;e 202&

dksbZ ea=ky; vFkok foHkkx vius Lofoosd ij fu;e 208 esa

funsfkr fu;e izf;k dk ikyu djrs gq, nl yk[k :0 rd ds vkdfyr ejEefr

dk;Z dks lh/ks dk;kZfUor djk ldrk gSA
2

dksbZ ea=ky; vFkok foHkkx vius Lofoosd ij nl yk[k :0 ls vf/kd ,oa

rhl yk[k :0 rd ds vkdfyr ejEefr dk;Z fdlh yksd dk;Z laxBu ftlesa jkT;
yksd fuekZ.k ize.My] vlSfud vFkok bysfDVdy dk;Z djus ds fy, izkf/kd`r vU;
dsUnzh; ljdkj laxBu tSls dsUnzh; yksd fuekZ.k foHkkx lh0ih0MCY;w0Mh0] lSfud
vfHk;a=.k lsok ,e0bZ0,l0] lhek lM+d laxBu vkfn ;k dsUnz vFkok jkT; ljdkj
}kjk vlSfud vFkok bysfDVdy dk;Z djus gsrq LFkkfir lkoZtfud {ks= mie dks
lkSai ldrk gSA
3

nl yk[k :0 ewY; rd ds lHkh ewy dk;Z ea=ky; vFkok lEcfU/kr foHkkx

}kjkk fu;e 2022 esa ikfjHkkf"kr yksd dk;Z laxBuksa dks lkSaik tk ldrk gSA
4

nl yk[k :0 ewY; ls mij ds vkdfyr lHkh ewy dk;Z ,oa 30 yk[k :0

ls mij ds vkdfyr ejEefr dk;Z Hkou fuekZ.k foHkkx ds lkFk lykg ds ckn fu;e
2022 esa ikfjHkkf"kr yksd dk;Z laxBuksa }kjk dk;kZfUor djk;s tk ldrs gSA
fu;e 203&

yksd fuekZ.k foHkkxksa ds izkklfud fu=a=.k ds v/khu dk;Z& fdlh

ea=ky; ;k foHkkx dks foks"kr;k vkoafVr ugha fd;s x;s dk;Z Hkou fuekZ.k foHkkx }kjk
izkkflr gksus okys ^^xzkUV vkWj flfoy oDlZ^^ esa 'kkfey gksaxsA ,slk dksbZ dk;Z vakr%

33

foHkkxh; ctV esa izko/kkfur fuf/k }kjk vkSj vakr% ;Fkkmijof.kZr flfoy dk;Z gsrq]
ctV ls fokiznk ugha gks ldrk gSA
fu;e 204&

lkekU; fu;e& bu lkekU; fu;eksa ds vuqikyu ds v/;/khu fdlh

[kkl ea=ky; vFkok foHkkx dks vkoafVr dk;ksZa dk izkjEHk] izkf/kdj.k ,oa dk;kZUo;u
lEcfU/kr foHkkxh; fofu;eksa esa of.kZr foLr`r fu;eksa ,oa vknskksa }kjk fofu;fer gksaxsA
fu;e 205&

fdlh dk;Z dk izkjEHk ;k mlds lEcU/k esa nkf;Ro dk xzg.k

rcrd u fd;k tk;s] tcrd&

d

izR;sd ekeyksa esa leqfpr izkf/kdkjh ls izkklfud Lohd`fr izkIr ugha dj

yh x;h gks(
[k

l{ke izkf/kdkjh ls O;; djus dh Lohd`fr izkIr ugha dj yh x;h gks(

mfpr :i ls foLr`r :ikad.k eUtwj u gks x;k gks(

?k

ih0 MCY;w0 Mh0 ;k vU; yksd dk;Z foHkkxksa }kjk la/kkfjr nj dh vuqlwph

ds vk/kkj ij foLr`r fofkf"V;ksa ,oa ek=k ds fofHkk vkbZVeksa ls la/kkfjr izkDdyu

rS;kj ,oa vuqeksfnr u dj fn;k x;k gks(

l{ke izkf/kdkjh }kjk o"kZ ds nkSjku [kpZ ds fy, fuf/k dk izko/kku u dj

fn;k x;k gks(

p

fu;ekuqlkj fufonk vkeaf=r ,oa lalkf/kr u dh x;h gks(

dk;kZnsk fuxZr ugha fd;k x;k gksA

vR;ko;drk ;k vU;Fkk ds vk/kkj ij ;fn dksbZ dk;Z djk;k tkuk ;k

nkf;Ro xzg.k djuk ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vUnj vko;d gks tk;s vkSj tc fu;e 205 ds
mifu;e 1 ds vUrxZr r; fd;s x;s izko/kkuksa dk vuqikyu u fd;k tk lds rks
lEcfU/kr dk;Zikyd inkf/kdkjh vius Lo;a ds fu.kZ; ,oa mkjnkf;Ro ij ,slk dj
ldrk gSA
mlds lkFk gh] mls l{ke izkf/kdkjh dk vuqeksnu izkIr djus dh dkjZokbZ
izkjEHk dj nsuh pkfg, rFkk lEcfU/kr ys[kk inkf/kdkjh dks bldh lwpuk nsuh pkfg,A
3

ftl le; dk;Z izxfr ij gks] ifj;kstuk esa dksbZ fodkl djuk vko;d

le>k tk; vkSj tks izFker% Lohd`r dk;Z ds dk;kZUo;u ij voyfEcr ugha gks rks
mls vuqiwjd izkDdyu }kjk vkPNkfnr djuk gksxkA
fu;e 206&

vuqeksnu ,oa Lohd`fr ds iz;kstukFkZ dk;ksZa dk lewg ftls feykdj

,d ifj;kstuk curh gS] dks ,d dk;Z le>k tk;sxkA ,sls dk;Z lewg okys ifj;kstuk
34

ds ckjs esa mPp izkf/kdkjh ls vuqeksnu vFkok Lohsd`fr izkIr djus dh vko;drk bl
ckr ds dkj.k Vkyh ugha tk;sxh fd ifj;kstuk ds izR;sd [kkl dk;Z dk O;; mDr
fuEurj inkf/kdkjh ds vuqeksnu ;k Lohd`fr dh 'kfDr ds vUrxZr gSA gkykafd ;g
izko/kku ,sls ekeyksa esa ykxw ugha gksxk ftlds dk;Z leku izd`fr ds gksa vU;Fkk ijLij
Lora= gksA
fu;e 207&

fdlh fufpr ifj;kstuk ds fy, Lohd`r vkdyu ls izR;kfkr

vFkok okLrfod cpr dks foks"k izkf/kdkj ds fcuk ,sls vfrfjDr dk;Z esa u yxk;k
tk; ftldk bjknk ewy ifj;kstuk esa u gksA
fu;e 208&

dk;ksaZ ds dk;kZUo;u ds fy, izf;k& foHkkx vius Lo;a dh

O;oLFkk ds vUrxZr dk;ksZa ds dk;kZUo;u ds fy, fuEufyf[kr lkekU; izf;k dk

vuqikyu djsxh %&
1

,sls dk;ksZ ij gksusokys O;; ls lEcfU/kr foLr`r izf;k fok foHkkx ds

lkFk ijkekZ dj cuk;s x;s foHkkxh; fofu;eksa }kjk fofgr dh tk;sxh vkSj og
lkekU;r;k yksd fuekZ.k foHkkx ih0MCY;w0Mh0 }kjk djk;s tk jgs leku dk;ksZa ds
fy, fofgr fokh; ,oa ys[kk fu;eksa ij vk/kkfjr izf;k ,oa fl)kar ds vuqlkj gksxhA
2

dk;kZs dh fdlh Lohd`fr ds iwoZ foLr`r :ikad.k ,oa izkDdyu rS;kj fd;k

tk;sxkA
3

dksbZ dk;Z izkklfud vuqeksnu fuxZr gksus rFkk cuk;s x;s izkDdyu ds

vk/kkj ij l{ke inkf/kdkjh }kjk O;; Lohd`fr ds iwoZ gkFk esa ugha yh tk;sxhA
4

5 yk[k :0 ls nl yk[k :0 ewY; ds dk;Z ds fy, [kqyh fufonk ekaxh

tk;sxhA
5

5 yk[k :0 ls de ewY; ds dk;Z ds fy, lhfer fufonk ekaxh tk;sxhA

dk;Z izkjEHk gksus ds iwoZ lafonk bdjkjukek dk fu"iknu ;k dk;Z dk

vfHkfu.kZ; vokMZ dj fy;k tkuk pkfg,A

7

dk;Z ds dk;kZUo;u ds izHkkjh inkf/kdkjh ds O;fDrxr izek.k&i= ftldk

izk:i fuEuor~ gS] ij gh dk;Z ds fy, vfUre Hkqxrku fd;k tk;sxkA

^^eS-a ---------------------- dk;Zikyd inkf/kdkjh dk;Z dk uke O;fDrxr :i ls
lUrq"V gw fd dk;Z lafonk bdjkjukesa esa of.kZr fofkf"V;ksa ds vuqlkj f;kfUor
dh xbZ gS rFkk cukus dk rjhdk m|ksx esa izpfyr ekud rd gSA ^^

35

fu;e 209&

fu;e 2022 esa ;FkkifjHkkf"kr ^^yksd dk;Z laxBu^^ dks lkSais x;s

ewy dk;ksZa ,oa ejEefr dk;ksZa dh izkklfud Lohd`fr ,oa O;; dh Lohd`fr bu fu;eksa
ds vUrxZr ,oa fokh; izR;k;kstu ds ladyu ds vuqlkj lEcfU/kr inkf/kdkjh }kjk nh
tk;sxh ,oa fuf/k vkoafVr dh tk;sxh vkSj rHkh yksd fuekZ.k laxBu mls lkSais x;s
dk;Z dk dk;kZUo;u fu;ekuqlkj rFkk mDr laxBu esa fofgr izf;k ds vuqlkj
djsxhA
fu;e 210&

ifj;kstuk dk iqufoZyksdu& nl djksM+ :0 ;k vf/kd ewY; dh

dksbZ ifj;kstuk vuqeksfnr gksus ds ckn izkklfud ea=ky; ;k foHkkx dk;Z dh izxfr
leh{kk djus ds fy, leh{kk lfefr xfBr djsxh ftlesa izkklfud ea=ky;] fok
vkarfjd fokh; lykgdkj ,oa dk;kZUo;u ,tsalh izR;sd ds ,d izfrfuf/k gkssaxsA
leh{kk dfeVh dks vuqeksfnr izkDdyu ls 10 izfrkr dh lhek ds vUrxZr ifjorZu
dks Lohdkj djus dh 'kfDr;k izkIr gksxhA nl djksM+ :0 ls de ewY; ds dk;ksZ ds
ekeysa esa mi;qDr ykbZu ij leh{kk dfeVh xfBu djus ds fy, izkklfud
ea=ky;@foHkkx dks Lofoosd jgsxkA
10-

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh esas ifjfk"V ^1d^ dk vUr%LFkkiu&

fcgkj fok fu;ekoyh ds ^ifjfk"V 1d^ ds :i esa fuEufyf[kr dks

vUr%LFkkfir fd;k tk;sxk %&

^^ewY; ifjorZu x.kuk [k.M ds fy;s QkWewZyk

ewY; ifjorZu x.kuk ds fy;s QkWewZyk esa ewyr% ,d vpy Hkkx] ,d lkexzh
Hkkx rFkk ,d Je Hkkx gksuk pkfg;s A tgk vpy Hkkx dqy ykxr dk 10 ls 25
izfr'kr rd gks ldrk gS] lkexzh rFkk Je Hkkx dqy ykxr ds bUgha Hkkxkssa ds vuqikr ds
vuqlkj gksus pkfg;s A ewY; dk og Hkkx tks vpy Hkkx }kjk n'kkZ;k tkrk gS mlesa
ifjorZu ugha gksxk A ewY; ds dsoy lkexzh rFkk Je Hkkxksa esa gh ifjorZu gksxk A bl
izdkj ewY; ifjorZu dk QkWewZyk fuEur% gksxk %&
P1 = P0 { F + a(M1/M0) + b(L1/L0)} - P0

tgk

P1 vkiwfkdkkZ

dks ns; lkeaftr jkf'k gS _.kkRed jkf'k lafonk ewY;

esa deh dk |ksrd gksxh A

36

tgk
F

P0 vk/kkj

Lrj ij lafonk ewY; gS A

vpy Hkkx gS ftlesa ewY; ifjorZu ugha gksxk A

aa lafonk ewY; esa lkexzh Hkkx ds fy;s fu/kkZfjr izfr'kr gS A

ab lafonk ewY; esa Je Hkkx ds fy;s fu/kkZfjr izfr'kr gS A
L0

rFkk

L1

e'k% vk/kkj Lrj ds o"kZ@eghus esa rFkk x.kuk ds o"kZ@eghus

esa Je nj lwpdkad gSa A

M0

rFkk

M1

e'k% vk/kkj Lrj ds o"kZ@eghus esa rFkk x.kuk ds

o"kZ@eghus esa lkexzh nj lwpdkad gSa A

;fn ,d ls T;knk o`gr~ lkefxz;k 'kkfey gSa] Je Hkkx dks nks ;k rhu
Hkkxksa esa tSls

Mx

] My rFkk Mz esa foHkkftr fd;k tk ldrk gS A tgk lsokvksa ds fy;s

ewY; ifjorZu /kkjk dk izko/kku fd;k tkuk gS ftlesa lkefxz;k ux.; gksa tSlk fd
lkekU;r% izfrfnu dh njksa esa Hkqxrs; rduhdh lgk;rk esa gksrk gS] ewY; ifjorZu QkWewZyk
esa dsoy nks gh Hkkx gksus pkfg;s vFkkZr~ ,d dkQh vf/kd vpy Hkkx rFkk ,d Je
Hkkx A ,sls ekeyksa esa vpy Hkkx vkiwfkZdkkZ }kjk Je njksa ds vis{kkd`r izfrfnu dh
njks esa fn;s tkusokyk ekdZ vi ds vuqlkj 50 izfr'kr ;k T;knk gks ldrk gS A**
fcgkj jkT;iky ds vknsk ls

Kkikad&6076 F(2)
iVuk] fnukad&10/11/2005
izfrfyfi&v/kh{kd] jktdh; eqnz.kky;] iVuk dks fcgkj xtV ds fo'ks"k vad esa
izdk'kukFkZ izsf"kr A lkFk gh muls vuqjks/k gS fd izdkf'kr xtV dh 500 izfr;k foHkkx
dks miyC/k djkus dh O;oLFkk dh tk; A

37

Kkikad&6076 F(2)
iVuk] fnukad&10/11/2005
izfrfyfi&eq[; lfpo] fcgkj@ egkefge jkT;iky ds iz/kku lfpo@fodkl
vk;qDr@lfpo] eaf=eaMy ,oa leUo; foHkkx@ lHkh vk;qDr ,oa lfpo@lfpo@lHkh
izeaMyh; vk;qDr@lHkh ftyk inkf/kdkjh@lHkh mi fodkl vk;qDr@LFkkfud vk;qDr]
fcgkj Hkou] ubZ fnYyh dks lwpukFkZ ,oa vko';d dkjZokbZ gsrq izsf"kr A

Kkikad&6076 F(2)
iVuk] fnukad&10/11/2005
izfrfyfi&lHkh lacaf/kr inkf/kdkfj;ksa dks lwpukFkZ ,oa vko';d dkjZokbZ gsrq izsf"kr A

iVuk] fnukad&10/11/2005
Kkikad&6076 F(2)
izfrfyfi&egkys[kkdkj] iVuk dks lwpukFkZ ,oa vko';d dkjZokbZ gsrq izsf"kr A

ih0 ,u0 ukjk;.ku

38