Network Development Life Cycle

The NDLC depends on previously completed

development processes such as strategic
business planning, applications development life
cycle, and data distribution analysis.
If an implemented network is to effectively
deliver the information systems that will fulfill
strategic business goals, then a top-down
approach must be taken.

Top-Down Model and NDLC

Information Systems Development

Systems Development and

Network Analysis
Network analysis and design is one step in an overall
comprehensive information systems development
process.

Network Designs
Physical network designs involve the
arrangement and interconnection of the
physical network circuits and devices,
whereas
Logical network designs involve
configuration and definition of services that
will run over that physical network such as
addressing schemes, routing schemes,
traffic prioritization, security, and
management.

Network Development Life Cycle

The word cycle is a key descriptive term of

the network development life cycle as it
clearly illustrates the continuous nature of
network development.

Network Analysis and Design Method

The network analysis
and design methodology
should be looked upon
as an overall guideline to
the network
development process
rather than a step-bystep cookbook-style set
of instructions.

Network Analysis and Design Method

is consistent with previous information systems
development models.
business, application, and data requirements
definition are prerequisites to network design.
activities from various stages of the method
often take place simultaneously.

Strategic Network Design

Network design projects are not undertaken at random or on
the whim of any network manager.
Network design projects must be aligned with strategic
business initiatives and/or the strategic development of the
overall corporate IT infrastructure.

NDLC and Proposal Process

It is often prudent to narrow the field of potential

respondents by issuing a request for information (RFI).

In-House Network Analysis

Network Device Analysis

IT Infrastructure Management
The achievement of management expectations
depends on properly managed components of the IT
infrastructure.
An IT infrastructure is made of a combination of
separately managed and monitored elements.

Komunikasi Data dan

Jaringan Komputer :
Network Management
Aries Kusdaryono
Magister Komputer
Universitas Budi Luhur

 Network management is the process of controlling a complex

data network to maximize its efficiency and productivity
Network Management define as monitoring, testing,
configuring, and troubleshooting network components

H-16

Network Management

 Network Management uses hardware, software, and humans

The overall goal of network management is to help with the
complexity of a data network and to ensure that data can go
across it with maximum efficiency and transparency to the
users

H-17

Network Management

 The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Network Management Forum divided network management
into five functional areas:

Fault Management
Configuration Management
Security Management
Performance Management
Accounting Management

H-18

Network Management

 The configuration of certain network devices controls the

behavior of the data network
Keeping track of device settings and how they function
Configuration management is the process of finding and
setting up (configuring) critical devices
Divided into two subsystems : reconfiguration and
documentation
Hardware
Software
User Account

H-19

Configuration Management

 Is the process of locating problems, or faults, on the data

network
Dealing with problems and emergencies in the network
(router stops routing, server loses power, etc.)
Divided into two subsystem
Reactive Fault Management
Detecting, Isolating, Correcting, and Recording Faults

Proactive Fault Management

Prevent faults from occurring (lifetime for computer or a part of a
component)

H-20

Fault Management

 Involves measuring the performance of the network hardware,

software, and media
How smoothly is the network running.
Can it handle the workload it currently has.
Examples of measured activities are:
Overall throughput
Percentage utilization
Capacity
Traffic

Error rates
Response time

H-21

Performance Management

 Is the process of controlling access to information on the data

network
Provides a way to monitor access points and records
information on a periodic basis
Provides audit trails and sounds alarms for security breaches

H-22

Security Management

 Involves tracking individuals utilization and grouping of

network resources to ensure that users have sufficient
resources
Involves granting or removing permission for access to the
network

H-23

Accounting Management

Versions
Two major versions SNMPv1, SNMPv2

SNMPv1 is the recommended standard

SNMPv2 has become split into:
SNMPv2u - SNMPv2 with user-based security
SNMPv2* - SNMPv2 with user-based security and additional features

SNMPv2c - SNMPv2 without security

What is SNMP?
SNMP is an application-level tool (protocol) that
allows for remote and local management of
items on the network including servers,
workstations, routers, switches and other
managed devices.
Comprised of agents and managers
Agent - process running on each managed node collecting information
about the device it is running on.
Manager - process running on a management workstation that requests
information about devices on the network.

SNMP
Traps
Polling

H-28

There are two approaches for the management system to

obtain information from SNMP

 When an event happens on a network device a trap is sent to

the network management system
A trap will contain:
Network device name
Time the event happened
Type of event

H-29

SNMP Traps

 Resources are required on the network device to generate a

trap
When a lot of events occur,the network bandwidth may be
tied up with traps
Thresholds can be used to help

Because the network device has a limited view, it is possible

the management system has already received the information
and the trap is redundant

H-30

SNMP Traps

 The network management system periodically queries the

network device for information
The advantage is the network management system is in
control and knows the big picture
The disadvantage is the amount of delay from when an event
occurs to when its noticed
Short interval, network bandwidth is wasted
Long interval, response to events is too slow

H-31

SNMP Polling

 When an event occurs, the network device generates a simple

trap
The management system then polls the network device to get
the necessary information
The management system also does low frequency polling as a
backup to the trap

H-32

SNMP Traps/Polling