SKPP 1113 Eng.

Mechanics
Section 09 & 10

Jusni Ali
N01-275
07-5535498
jusni@petroleum.utm.my

INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS

1.0 What is Mechanic?

applied science which describes and predicts
physical phenomena of the bodies at rest or motion
under the action of forces.

Engineering Mechanics

Fluid Mechanics

Solid Mechanics
Rigid Bodies

Statics

Deformable Bodies

Dynamics

CHAPTER 1

In Statics we will assume the bodies to be

perfectly rigid, no deformation.
This is never true in the real world, everything
deforms a little when a load is applied.
These deformations are small and will not
significantly affect the conditions of equilibrium
or motion, so we will neglect the deformations.
Rigid body - a body is considered rigid when the
relative movement between its parts are
negligible.

What may happen if static's is not applied

properly?

1.1 Fundamental Concepts and Principles

Space : Geometric region occupied by bodies whose

positions are described by linear and angular
measurement relative to a coordinate system.

Time : Measure of the succession of events and is a

basic quantity in dynamics.
Mass : Measure of inersia of a body, which is its
resistance to a change of motion.

Force : The action of one body on another. A force

tends to move a body in direction of its action. The
action of a force is characterized by its magnitude,
by the direction of it action, and by it point of
application. Force are vector quantities
Particle: A body of negligible dimension and it
may be analyzed as a point mass.

Rigid Body : A body is considered rigid when the

relative movement between its part are negligible
for the purpose at hand.

Six fundamental principle based on study of

mechanic:
1-1 The Parallelogram Law
This states that two forces acting on a particle
may be replaced by a single force, called their
resultant, obtained by drawing the diagonal of
the parallelogram which has sides equal to the
given forces.

2-Principle of Transmissibility
This state that the conditions of equilibrium or of
motion of a rigid body will remain unchanged if a
force acting at a given point of the rigid body is
replace by a force of the same magnitude and
same direction, but acting at a different point,
provided that the two forces have the same line
of action.

Newton Fundamental Laws

3- FIRST LAW
F1
If the resultant of force
acting on a particle is
zero, the particle will
remain at rest ( if
originally at rest) or will
move with constant speed
in a straight line ( if
originally in motion) Figure 1.1

EQUILIBRIUM

F2

F3
FIGURE 1.1

4- SECOND LAW
F

Accelerated motion
Figure 1.2

F = ma

The resultant force

acting on a particle is
not zero, the particle
will have an
acceleration
proportional to the
magnitude of the
resultant and in the
direction of this
resultant force.(Figure
1.2). This law may be
stated as:

Where:
F is Resultant force
m is mass of the particle
a is acceleration of the particle

5-THIRD LAW
The forces of action and reaction between
bodies in contact have the same magnitude,
same line of action and opposite sense (Figure
1.3).

6. Newton s Law of Gravitation

Two particle of mass M and m are mutually
attracted with equal and opposite forces F and
F (Figure 1.1),of magnitude F given by the
formula:
m

F =G
Where:

Mm

F
r

r2

G = constant of gravitation

M
r = distance between the two bodies

m
F
F

M
Let say, M is the mass of the earth, m equal to mass
of the particle, and R equal to radius of the earth,
and introducing the constant:

g=

GM
R

Weight of a particle of mass m may be

expressed as:

F =W = G

Mm
R

= mg

W = mg
In most engineering computation to assume that g
equal 9.81 m/s2 or 32.2 ka/s2 .

1.3 Systems of Unit

A. International System of Unit (S.I)
Quantity

Dimensional
symbol

Unit

Symbol

Mass

kilogram

kg

Length

meter

Time

second

Force

newton

N = kg.m/s-2

B. US customary Units
Quantity

Dimensional
symbol

Unit

Symbol

Mass

slug

Length

foot

ft

Time

second

sec

Force

pound

Ib

SI Prefixes
Multiplication Factor
1,000,000,000 = 109
1,000,000
= 106
1,000
= 103
0.01
= 10-2
0.001
= 10-3
0.000,001
= 10-6

Prefix
Giga
Mega
Kilo
Centi
Milli
micro

Symbol
G
M
K
C
m

1.4 PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGY:

3 Step Approach
1. Interpret: Read carefully and determine what is given and
what is to be found/ delivered. Ask, if not clear.
If necessary, make assumptions and indicate
them.
2. Plan:

Think about major steps (or a road map) that you

will take to solve a given problem. Think of
alternative/creative solutions and choose the best
one.

3. Execute:

Carry out your steps. Use appropriate diagrams

and equations. Estimate your answers. Avoid
simple calculation mistakes. Reflect on / revise
your work.

CHAPTER 1

Homework

Review Trigonometry Law

Law of Cosines
Law of Sines
Right Triangle Trigonometry