Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Handbook
Second Edition
Victor Helguero M.
Piping Stress
Handbook
Second Edition
The following criteria apply for pumps with 12-in. discharge nozzles or smaller. The forces contained herein are
ANSI Code 831.3 for pressure piping and should be designed within the limiting criteria set by this standard. The
modulus of elasticity must be adjusted for the operating
temperature condition.
Each nozzle should be capable of withstanding double
the forces and amounts listed in Table 8-1 applied simulta-
Table 8-1
Nozzle Loadings
Fotce/
oment
<
160
F, (compression)
200
Fy (tension)
100
F,
130
R
Fy
160
130
F,
200
F,
200
130
160
Each nozzle
Mr
340
260
170
My
M"
M=
x=
Moneu
Axis
Reprcduced
ft-h
parolzl to shaft
6810
240
300
150
200
240
2W
300
300
2W
240
700
530
350
320
400
2W
260
320
260
400
400
260
320
980
740
500
12
14b
'| 6D
530
700
1,000
1,500
1,800
920
1,200
560
850
1,200
1,500
4ffi
1,000
1,500
1,zffi
700
7W
I,100
I ,800
1,600 1,900
2,000 2,3w
1,000 1,200
1,300 1,500
1,600 1,900
1,300 1,500
2,000 2,300
700
1,100
1,500
1,800
2,000
2,300
4@
700
850
1,000
1,200
r,2w
1,300
1,600
1,500
2,6N
3,700
2,800
1,800
4,500
3,400
4,7N
3,500
5,400
4,000
2,2W
2,300
2,7W
560
700
350
460
850
1,100
560
1,700
1,300
1,900
1,300
870
t,2N
1,500
750
1,500
I,900
J = Verticalgo" to shaft
z = Hoizontalgo' to shaJt
Institute.
257
1981
25A
(F"iF.) + (M^/M.)
where C
M"
:
=
=
<
2, F"/F,
<
2, and M"/M.
M.
F,
D
:
:
forces and moments from Table 8-2 on both nozzles simultaneously, taken about a point defined by the intersection of the axis of the shaft and the centerline of the pedestals.
For heavy-duty baseplates the total applied resultant
forces and moments on the suction and discharge nozzles
should not be more than twice the eouivalent of those
given in Thble 8-1. For applied resultant forces and moments that are greater than these, allowable values shall
be mutually agreed upon by the purchaser and the vendor.
lb
E
The resultant applied force or moment may be increased up to double the values in Table 8-2 if the maximum combined limit on the installed equipment is not exceeded. This limit is determined by the summation of the
Table 8-2
Suggested Allowable Resullant
Forces and Momenis
(For Vendor's Standard Baseplates)
E io^
-de..
Resultant
Force/Moment
F
M.
23
640
810
124
where F
r
X
Suction nozzles:
v
z
F"(1.6w(50D
r
w
D
d
Discharge nozzles:
F,6
(2w
F.,)
<
259
Force, lb
Resultant of forces
Axis parallel to shaft
Vertical 90' to shaft
Horizontal 90' to shaft
Weight of pump only, lb
Diameter, nominal diameter
Discharge or exhaust
Suction or intake
50D
o Top suction and top discharge nozzles are further limited by:
F*(1.3w(40D
(Fx2
Fz2)L/'z
1.2w
Fr" (in compression)
25D
Fr, (in tension)
(
F",(w(35D
50D
F*a
(1.8w
F*) <
40D
(2w
Fr")
Fra (in compression)
Fra (in tension)
0.5w < 25D
<
50D
nozzle.
F,a((wtF,,)<35D
F":
G^'?+Fy.)-
and
F,6: (Fl
and
M, :
3.0 W*
ftlb
: 2.0 wx ftlb
= 1.5 W+ ft-lb
M* : Moment in Y-Z plane
My : Moment in X-Z Plane
M, : Moment in X-Y plane
W : Weight of pump only, lb
Mv
Mz
F"a'?)"'
F".(1.2w(50D
Fr.(0.6w(35D
F.,< w(40D
and
F"a((1.8wtF*)<40D
F.a((w1F".)935D
<
50D
* Minimum W is 500 lb in tlpse
computations.
260
D. :
F.
where
F, :
M, :
D. :
F(
F,<
(
(
w(
F."
160D
'vr
(
(
(
F-r)'"
l.6w
2w
(s0oD"
where
F :
M:
Combined resultant
of inlet.
extraction.
<
<
<
50 D.,
125 D.,
100 D.,
M_
<250D,
My. < 125D.
M., < 125D.
1.6w
Combined resultant:
(F.*), + F.y, +
M.)
160D
130D
o Resultant components:
o Individual comDonents:
1.3w
.6w
of
further as follows:
F-<
M)
on vertical exhausts
Resultant moment, ftlb
Figure 8-2.)
261
further as follows:
o Individual components:
F"(1.3w(40D
Design Criteria for Turbine Drivers with
Cast lron or Aluminum Nozzles and
Casings
Cast lron or Aluminum Turbine Force,
Moment and Stress Limitations
Fr(.6w(35D
F"< w(40D
.
Resultant components:
(
(
(
1.6w
w
1.6w
Combined resultant:
(F*2+F,r2+F''?),n<2w
value which would cause a bending stress of 56/4 in a connection having a section modulus equal to the connecting
piping for the same size where the connection is 4 in. IPS
or larger. On smaller size connections a stress of Sr,/3 is
permitted. (56 is as defined by ANSI Code B3l. 1 or ANSI
F<
where
(s00D.
M)
RIGHT ANGLE TO
TURBINE SHAFT-
M:
D":
on vertical exhausts
Resultant moment, ft-lb
Pipe size of the connection (IPS) up to an
S-in. diameter. For sizes greater than this
(16 + IPS)/3 in.
use a D"
l.F.<
(2s0
where F.
D.
M,:
Figure 8-2. Turbine coordinate system.
M)
262
D.
F*
o Combined resultant:
(F*2+Fry2+F.z;rnE2*
Use 100% cold spring and satisf the operating condi
tion only.
250 D.
125 D,
125 D,
The total resultant force ald total resultant moment imposed on the compressor at any comection must not exceed the following:
F<
Design Criteria for Compressors with
Steel Nozzles and Casings
where
M:
value that would cause a bending stress of $,/4 in a connection having a section modulus equal to the comecting
piping for the same size where the connection is 4 in. IPS
or larger. On smaller-size comections a stress of S1/3 is
permitted. (S1 is as defined by ANSI Code B31.1 or ANSI
Code 831.3 (current issue) for the material of construc-
1.F.<
(463
where
D.
F. :
MI:
(
(
F" (
F,
1.3w
.6w
1.0w
<
<
<
160D
l30D
160D
Resultant components:
Algebraic summation of Fo
Algebraic summation of Fo
Algebraic summation of F-
2.
l.6w
1.6w
M.)
Individual components:
F*
tion.)
The resultant shear force at the face of the flanee and
any individual component should not exceed 2,60 lb.
The resultant forces and individual components will be
limited further as follows:
M)
D:
(925D.
F,"
Fy.
F,,
<
<
<
92 D.,
M_ <
460 D,
230 D,
r85 D,.
230 D,
<
M. <
where
F :
M=
D"
1.F.<
(250
where
hon.)
The resultant shear force at the face of the flange and
any individual component shall not exceed 500 lb. The re-
MJ
Combined resultant
of suction, in-
Combined resultant
of
suction, in-
eoual to the total areas of the suction, interstage, and discharge openings up to a vaiue of 9 in. in diameter. For values beyond this use D,
= (18 + equivalent diameter)/3 in.
2.
<
< 460 D.
< 230 D,
<
F. < 185 D., M- < 230 D,
F."
F.y
Resultant components:
Algebraic summation of F*
Algebraic summation of Fo
Algebraic summation of F,"
F. :
D, :
o Individual comDonents:
Fr(.6w(35D
F"< w(40D
D.
M. =
F.(1.3w(40D
on vertical exhausts
Resultant moment, ft-lb
Pipe size of the connection (IPS) up to 8
in. in diameter. For sizes greater than this
(16 + IPS)/3 in.
use a D"
(
(
<
1.6w
1.0w
1.6w
o Combined resultant:
(F*2+F.y2+F-'?)'n<2w
F<
(s00D"
M)
264
Moments.
ftlb
Forces.
The maxirrum allowable moments and forces for floatirlg headers are a matter of agrement between the pur-
lb
F,FyF"
MM,
IvI,
3,000 4,000 2,000
r,500 3,000
2,500
&3
Slze,
lth
2
6
8
10
t2
14
50 70 50
70 120 70
200 300 2N
400 600 400
2,W0
2,5W
3,000
3,m0
1,250
3,000 1,500
3,500 1,750
Forces, lb
F,
F,,
F2
850 2,000
1,000 2,000
1,200
1,500
Size: 8 in.
Schedule: Sch 40
Material:
O.D.:
F:
A-53 Grade B
8.625 in.
where
Temperature: 600'F
Coefficient of thermal expansion: .046 in./ft
will deflect
the longer leg more easily than the larger expansion will
the shorter leg.
To develop Tables 9-1 and 9-2, a guided cantilever formula has been used to calculate stresses. If we observe
our Example Problem 9-1 for an expansion ofX
-92
in., the required offset is about 13 ft for a stress of 15,000
psi (See Thble 9-1) and 23 ft for a stress of 5,000 psi (See
Table 9-2). If Point A is attached to a piece of rotating
equipment, you will need to have about 23 ft to make the
system more flexible. If the system is attached to a piece
of nonrotating equipment, a 13-ft offset will be sufficient.
To find the thermal forces Table 9-3 is to be used, which
shows forces for a unit reflection with various leneths of
offset.
Note that in identifuing pipe sizes the tables show wall
thickness and moment of inertia as well as O.D. All forces
are calculated from the formula:
F:
E=
{:
Force, lb
E O-.ton, t tn.,
Young's modulus of elasticity, (30
psi)
Moment of inertia of pipe, in.a
Length of the shorter leg, ft
I :
L:
I
Fys
F.B
106
434lb
6,949lb.
9-1
265
256
Table 9-1
Lengths ot Offset Required to Safely Absorb Various Expansions tor Piping Between Two Solld Anchors
(Stress Limit is 15,000 pst)
Pipe O.D.
(in.) ol
1.3
1.9
2.3
4.5
6.6
l'.D
rs .7
74.9
16,S
18 .0
.g
24.5
2g
30 .s
36 .g
42,9
4A.S
54.9
1.5
2,6
3.5
3.3
4.2
5.1
5.3
5.7
5.1
6.4
7.9
7.8
9.3
tg .5
tength (ft)
o.2
0.3
2.3
.8
3.4
3.0
5.2
5.9
6.6
l1,l
t4.l
I4.9
8.4
ro ,4
11.8
L3 .g
IS .1
14.3
16.3
L8 ,2
74.0
19 ,9
2g .8
L6 .O
l8 .0
26,0
24,9
3g .g
36 .S
42 .0
48,9
54.5
22.3
23.6
24.9
u.d
9.7
12.o
13.6
15.1
15 .5
l8 .9
2I.0
22.9
24 .T
27 .3
29.8
Jt.5
8.1
8.9
9.9
.5
11.1
10
tJ.o
l4 .9
r6.l
u.3
18.3
36.1
38,5
4r,s
9.9
10.9
13.4
L5.2
l5 .9
l8 .5
21.1
23 .5
25.6
26 .9
28.8
30.5
32.2
9.4
.2
.7
.9
a2.9
38.6
44.6
47 .3
5.1
6.7
7.4
8.4
9,4
5.il
tength (ft)
Pipe O.D.
(in.) -r-:3 2.9 2.5
1.3
1.9
2.3
3.9
4,3
4.6
5.2
4.3
7.6
8.1
8.5
9.1
9.9
0.4
43
a6
49
rg .2
16 .7
t2 ,2
12.a
t4.l
IE ?
17.3
18 .5
2L.I
0.5
3.6
4.4
4.8
6.5
5.8
9.4
10.5
IL.4
12 .g
t2.a
l4 .4
!7,6
2g ,8
0.6
4.
4.8
6.6
7.4
8.2
9.0
l0 .3
12,5
13.2
14
.l
14 .9
15.7
17 .3
l9 .3
2t .7
22.A
o.7
.3
5,2
?1
8.5
8.9
11.1
L2.4
IJ.5
14.2
15.1
L7 .S
t8.5
2g
22
.8
.8
.4
28.0
26
23 .6
0.8
4.6
0.9
4.9
6.1
8.6
rs .4
lr.:t
l4 .5
.2
16.3
17.3
t8 .2
15
8.9
9.1
tg ,r
.3
1.1
1.2
6.2
5.9
5,4
6.5
7.2
8.9
6,8
t0.6
.l
9.3
10.5
12.2
I2 .8
7S
Lt.2
tl.l
lt.7
l4 .1
14.9
16.2
15.6
L7 .g
12,6
16.1
27
22
24
26
28
29
1.0
.r
23,6
.9
28.9
.4
25
.4
.2
.9
29 .9
18.2
l9 .3
26 .3
22 .3
24.9
29
,s
1',t t
14,9
14 .5
r7 .0
17.8
17.8
l8 .6
,2
2L .T
2S
23.4
22,3
24.4
26 .7
27 .3
33.1
34.5
28.6
39,9
JJ.5
.r
.l
23
za .6
28
29.5
38.6
43 .2
47 .3
51.1
54.7
5A.g
4.5
9,7
12.9
15.9
I8 .g
26 .g
2L .9
25 .0
27 .9
35,4
31.9
34.1
tg ,4
11.0
13.8
14 .6
17 ,g
2I.3
23
.4
29 .8
36 .4
36.1
38,5
JO.I
4g .7
4r .7
46 .7
51.1
55.2
59,1
62.6
5.9
44.6
49.9
54.7
53.1
67 .S
t3.3
78,5
26.5
24
.8
3r,5
34.4
36.1
ll.5
!4 .6
15 .4
t9 .6
2I .6
23 ,9
29 ,9
36,3
JU.I
4S
43.2
,'l
47 .3
45.6
49.9
58,6
51.1
67 .S
70.6
7 4,9
6.6
L2,
2g
22
25
27
31
23 ,6
26
.L
.3
4I.7
45.3
47 .3
49 .9
47.8
52 ,3
5 8.6
64.1
7
4.I
I7 .6
24.6
54.7
61.t
67,9
16.5
.2
22.5
18
39.9
41.4
43.5
46.5
49,3
52 ,S
s5 .9
63.6
39 .4
43
.s
45,1
48.2
sl.1
53 .9
55,0
?a I
8S
a2.6
7,0
28 ,2
34 .6
38 .S
4S
.6
42 .1
13 ,2
L6 .g
28 .6
34.9
66 ,O
7t.s
.0
.6
.g
.4
16.9
29.8
6.5
,5
88.5
267
Table 9-2
Lengths of Oftset Required to Safely Absorb Various Expansions tor Piping Connected to Rotating
Equipment (Stress Limit is 5,000 psi)
Pipe O.D.
(in.) -6:i
t.9
3,5
3.4
6,6
8.6
5.4
7.3
4.6
ro.7 8.r
r2.7 8.9
74.s 9.3
L6.0 9,9
t8,0 I0,5
1t.r
28 .0
24 ,O 12.2
13,5
30 .o
36.s L4.9
42.A 15.1
48.0 L7 .3
54,6 18.3
Pipe O.D.
(in.) i.s
1.3 rl .0
1.9 13.3
2.3 14,6
3.5 18.0
4.5 29.5
8.6 24,3
ls.7 31.6
L2.7 34.4
14.0 36,L
L6.0 3 8.5
18.0 4L.O
26.9 43.2
24.6 47 .3
30 ,0
52.9
5a.S
36 .0
42.O 62.6
48.5 67.0
54.9 7 r.g
Length (ft)
o.2
4.9
4.8
6,6
7 .4
8.2
9,9
r0.3
12.5
t3,2
14.9
r7.3
19.3
21.1
22.8
24.4
25 ,9
0.3
4.9
5.9
8,9
9,r
t0.r
1r.1
12.6
15.4
16.r
18.3
27,r
23.6
25,9
28.9
29.9
31.7
Length (ft)
2.O
2.5
0.4
0.5
0.6
6.9
8.4
9,3
.5
11.7
12.8
14 .6
16.3
L7.8
18.6
19.9
2r ,r
22.3
24.4
27.3
29 .9
34.6
36 ,7
L6
70,4
1r .8
13.0
11 .4
14.3
15 .7
L2.9
14 .3
16 ,3
L8.2
19.9
2q .8
20 .0
2r .8
22.3
24.4
23.6
24.9
25 .9
27 ,3
27 ,3
0.5
33 .5
29.9
38.6
4L.0
36 .7
39.6
42 .3
44.9
o.7
7.5
0.8
rg .0
10 .7
74,0
8.0
r5,4
l6 .5
lo I
20
16.9
2r.6
24,7
r8.t
.7
26 .4
0.,
8.t
76.1
1t .3
1.0
9.0
l0 .8
11,9
14.7
29.5
39.6
45 .7
48.5
11 .9
47 .A
43.2
44,9
48,5
47 ,3
55 ,g
58.0
6.q
7.9
17 .5
19.2
26.2
23
24.5
28 .g
.r
28,1
29.5
38.6
34,6
38.6
9,4
tr .4
1.2
9.8
.4 16 .1
r 9.4 29.2
24.2 25,3
29.5 36,8
32.3
30 .9
34.6
33 .l
3 8,5
37 .6
40.5 42,3
49.7 sl .9
56 .0
53 .6
57.3 59 .9
60,8 6 3.5
r4.0
t5 .8
28 .0
32 ,3
1.1
48.9
5I
.I
15
15.6 16 .8
18.8 26 .3
15.9 18 .9 20 ,7 22,4
20.8 23.3 25,5 27 .6
23.6 26,4 29.s 31.3
29.2
32.0 3 4 .6
26 .L
28.6 32,0
4g.r 43.3
36,5 4q.8 44 .'t 48.3
44.5
48.'t 52.6
3 9,8
4r,7 46 .7 Fl I q( '
44,6 49 ,9 54.7 59 .r
47.3 52.9 58 .0 62.6
49,9 5s.8 61, t 66.0
54.7 61.r 67 .0 72.3
61..1 68.4 74,9 8q.9
67.9 7 4.9 82 .S 88.6
72.3 89.9 88.6 95.7
77 .3
85.5
94 .7 r02.3
82.O 91.7 109.5 rsg.5
4,9
18 .0
29.5
4.5
23,g
25 ,4
5.0
20.L
33.0
37 ,4
37.9
49,5
46 .3
43,5
49.r
54,8
62.6
67 .0
61 ,0
70.6
86.5
L02.3
L09.4
116.0
77.0
74,9
4t .4
45.3
51.7
74.9
7 8.9
85,5
L00.5
ro5 .9
108.5
114 .4
rt6,g
123.1
28 .g
34.6
39.2
r22 .3
L29 .7
22,9
26.6
35,r
4t,0
43 .4
41 ,5
45.3
66 ,5
63.2
68.9
72.3
66.9
65.0
82 .0
9r.7
21.1
24.3
74.L
78,5
82,8
90.7
49 .7
56 ,7
22.9
27 .7
3t ,5
39.6
42 .7
49 .0
59.0
65.8
78.r
77 .3
80.5
85,5
96.0
94 ,7
98 .6
a2.g
23 .8
28 .8
88.6
93 .4
IO2 .3
I6L,4
10s.9
110 .3
]f
r2g ,o
125,3
134,0
130.5
135.4
L44.7
ItL.r
r36.1
1r5.0
I42.I
I2A .a
139 .5
L4't,9
4.4
r25.3
?.375
{IFF-
l. J/J
,,t65
FI
i
J
5
6
t
I
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11
J&
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L = 2A+B
100
-c
o
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Tc)
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o
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291
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Stress
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10
Properties of Pipe
Definitions
Table 10-1
Properties ot Pipe
Sch
losi
V8
40
sT 40s
D'.40S
80
xs
80s
Y4
40
sT {0si
-.540
3/s
D
-.675
tosi
d"
Ao
A1
.105
.080
.049
.068
.095
.30?
.269
.00141
tna
.215
.000{6
.108
.uoo
.088
.410
.364
80 )<!t 80si
.u9
.302
.01159
.00639
.@251
.l4l
.u50
.107
.093
Am
,1qa
.314
.09?
.132
.330
,104
.42,5
.a
.l9l
.04{xt8
.14:l
.q2st2
.124
.129
.lDrl
.423.
.01354
l0s
.oet
.I09
.674
.546
.13909
:09310
.04852
r87
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nttoq
.2,94
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.00102
D -.840
160
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.245
.t25
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.i193
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.I215
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.092
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40s
80s
Rg
.186
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sT
Ww
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losl
40
80
l.l
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4osi
40
s{, xs osi
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.163
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3m
.304
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1.088
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1.304
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.504
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292
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trt
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t40
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.0ol
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.1694
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293
Properties of Pipe
Table 10-1
Continued
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Sch
l)
40
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losi
.08:l
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40s
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1.050
1.315
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1.900
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1.530
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t60
xli
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xx
sT 40!i
80 xs 80s
160
80
xs
sT
t{o
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2g
-uoit
.109
.145
1.380
LnB
1.160
.478
1.404
,409
.374
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7tq
2.1t2
tta
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2.56{
.344
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1.0?6
8.384
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5.UUit
434
434
434
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434
13.46
10.82
497
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497
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t.770
1.682
1.610
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2.2+3
40s
.109
.154
80s
xx
55
t0s
497
.506
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L.ZIJ
l.uo9
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.630
2-m t
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aqlti
2.7t4
1.068
l.$l
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l.404
3.632
4.866
6.409
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3.938
4.381
l.4l?
1.0?4
t.158
t.288
3-m
3.ra
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t.o!:t
13.74
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l.sql
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1.669
2.761
5.6'14
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6.884
1.041
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2-0zs
2.190
?^240
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2.856
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9.q'0
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2.475
1.039
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l.?04
3.531
5.?94
2.49
2.361
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5.45
4.79
4.68
4.24
1.812
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eol
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.549
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.2t37
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1.102
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1.I63
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1.104
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?-o73
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2.q26
l.&1{t
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l.6t I
7.682
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1.925
10.01
1.536
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r.J!tJ
l.qt/
1.9s8
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l.oal
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2.46
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1.06?
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2.872
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1.208
t.3m
t.325
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4.!l:l
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364.2
362,6
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2.24
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8.35
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1.360
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1.582
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3,124
3.068
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1.605
2.638
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3.958
3.654
3.356
4.17
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t.2gt
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l-ttr5
t.750
D -3.50O
2.273
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1.498
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3.334
3.260
3.250
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4.51
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3.61
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t.04t
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t.l9{
3.49
3.32
3.20
1.186
2.t94
l.l6f
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3.018
t.724
l.8so
1.080
294
Sch
(continuod)
3
D -3.500
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80
xs
80s
160
55
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t oot
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2.900
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40
80
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t.021
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1.047
1.04?
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10.94
10.78
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1.004
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3.624
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4.334
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1.047
1.178
4.244
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1.178
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4.2t6
1358
1332
1.108
1.104
4.t24
4.090
4.026
1193
1144
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4.000
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3.900
3.500
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3.152
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5
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4.563
4.313
4.063
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L65l
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1.944
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1.080
902
1.1?8
t.021
4.10
1.178
1.015
1.002
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4.86
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5.59
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1.178
4363
1.399
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t.456
t.272
ZJtaI
1.456
1.456
1.250
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1.456
1.456
1.4s6
l.38ri
r.321
l.n7
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1.064
1.349
4.10
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1.298
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6.09
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1.544
1.546
t.542
8.66
1.520
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21.36
1.4.t4
1.425
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11.34
12.97
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2.81
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2.054
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2-64
2.84
1.262
1.869
i.949
7.88
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4.27
10.42
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8.66
8.03
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t.928
1.920
9.70
4,925
4.02
1.464
27.04
32.9?
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9.05
4.4t
23.95
3.33t
3.?0
4.78
7.9S
3.Ul
8.08
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19.00
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2.394
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1.505
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16.52
18.54
18.19
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1,664
2.050
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1.510
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20.01
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1.461
1.534
14.99
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1.210
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1.88
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4.30
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13.46
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3.{3
3.42S
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1.455
1.4s6
1.456
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4.41
4.02
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5.04
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4.67
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1.094
1.047
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5.00
7.64
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5.84 tt
3.34
3.60
3.74
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1.047
1.036
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6.09
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14.24
14.15
2.34
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1.054
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14.33
3.47
2.247
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4.859
4.813
4.688
5.2C|:}
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l.l?8
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t ?ot
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1.I78
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1.628
t.lJat
2.46
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3.8
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4.zffi
3-624
xx
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3.?50
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5.41
5.466
40s
80s
4.2L3
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4.01
4.81
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80
3.90
2.81
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64
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4.500
2.86
10.64
2.300
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6.49
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6.60
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sT
3.016
3.129
3.950
2.624
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.J59
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tcl
40
A?I
3.10
3.04
2.90
l4{t
.344
.469
55
losi
Z.5IJ
8.81
9.91
2.462
2.5S0
Rq
2-68i
40si
80s
|.l
Am
250
20s
Af
A1
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3.018
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tosi
3Y2
1.84?
1.839
l.?99
5.45
7 tf,
m.58
1.819
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3.03
8.38
25.74
30.c3
:n.64
10.80
Properties of
Pipe
295
Table 10-1
Continued
ch
lqs
.109
.134
.180
.188
.219
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6.407
d"
Ao
Ai
10.80
1.734
1.734
t.6?7
10.38
9.82
I.734
r.?34
6.249
6.071
4{,
80
sT
xs
4osi
80si
:o(
lnq
8.2t
.2.&
9.lol
.500
5.O25
.s62
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.864
5.501
.109
.148
.158
8.407
4.897
5.04
,t 7a
3.$
1.640
l. qlo
1.620
3.80
1.604
1.589
r.?34
t.588
I
t.?34
t.440
4.41
J.5at
2.?'58
36.8
8.149
20
40
sT
.tTt
40tt
D-8.625
60
80
lm
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34.2
2.248
7.93?
1t<
.352
', otl
al ,
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7.875
7.813
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t. oor
.s93
7.439
.718
7.001
xx
lEo
tto
10
.250
.u9
D = 10.750
.348
40s
10.482
10.420
10.374
2.28
2.258
10,020
18.94
36.40
2cl
53.4
18.26
2.143
t9.66
2.133
2t.32
2237
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8.50
2.195
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n.a
l,r tt
49.6
2.104
2.060
oo.J
3.00
35.4
23.40
30.43
2.99
49.3
1t !
10.48
47.9
t2.02
46.4
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55.2
22.45
1.882
1.833
to
oa
1.800
21.30
2.?.8
l.?84
2t.97
2.81
2.74
2.73
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ta!
53.4
60.6
JO.J
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20.
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15.2
18.?
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2.89
12.80
14.69
te to
78.4
82.9
88.8
20.58
100.3
105.7
23.25
24.52
lzt.4
2sI4
140.6
32.60
ta
tt
J!.qt
162.0
38.48
ll.?2
3?.4
14.30
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87.0
36.4
100.9
3.7t
84.5
16.t9
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24.7
7.24
ll aa
2.84
84.S
n.9
u.05
t6.81
,oa
la a
84.0
lrtl
I l,l
63.4
2.94
18.8
40.6
86.3
5.{9
8.2t
20.8
t0.29
r3,39
2.92
40.9
43.4
9.lo
a.z
5l.l
22.94
8.7
2-062
8.2t
8.74
44.4
2t.42
14.98
11.81
6.13
23.44
2I.68
50.0
49.5
4.42
45.4
1a^
8.40
6.83
2.246
2.248
10.29
54.0
14.9t
16.9{
4.35
5.40
19.?l
10.76
4.9S
2.81
l0t
28.58
3?,.7!
4.39
l5.l I
l0?
24.9
4.2A
2.A t.$r
ll0
25.O1
21.O4
21.8
10.192
10.136
10.0s4
2.?AO
14.40
?,1
9.91
13.40
14.25
14.95
118
2'I.l
tl
lt
54.5
54.2
2,EA
2.Al
t8.gtl
3.94
2.ttI
2.86
c.a
8.16
n.8
10.344
10.310
10.250
4.9
t0
ce t?
1.996
1.944
tn
v.o2
l4
2.304
2.295
n.64
18.8
2.089
2.O78
15.4
.134
29.5
2.t52
2.2,58
to t
lo.o
14.99
15.64
2,180
2.045
o.t'lJ
lGs
() sT
2.?58
32.4
80s
120
140
35.4
.344
30.1
4t.30
2.160
38.2
9.29
13.28
2.201
42.O
Rq
Ww
13.44
10.70
2.?Sa
q 1q7
31.?
8.40
J5.O
8.249
l,J
12.39
qna
t..J.to
L?.42
2.82
40.l
1.664
1.646
1.734
1.734
?.@
.2
Am
18.78
l13.?
125.9
2.81
2.81
10.07
It 1t
z.Ez
l.9l
80.7
79.4
?8.9
34.2
34.9
34.4
J.b9
3.68
I54-0
lAt
160.8
4.6
296
Sch
(continurd)
..JYC
60
to
D
10.750
xs
80s
80
l0o
.sll
12.85
?.55
2.54
16.t0
9.564
80.0
85.3
9.314
l?.06
2.81
2.50
,91
2.4
4'8
18.92
(3.?
?3.?
54.?
58.0
tt.a
64.3
68.1
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t.0@
t.0@
9.064
q ?q/t
61.2
z,8l
2.37
2.81
2.4
6.U
9I.J
30.63
2.8t
2-26
t.t2s
8,500
44.4
2.81
55
.156
12.{nt
298
t0s
.td)
12.390
.203
t?^344
82
u7
.2t9
12.312
2A3
8.625
40st
tlJw
t,J
?t.9
tt.2
xst 80s
32.3
3t.9
3l.t
29.5
172-5
3?-
2t2.0
3!'.4
41.5
3.60
J.50
3.stt
244.9
?.8.2
{t.5
sit2
296.3
55.1
36-t.9
@.3
68.4
u.4
89.2
n.9
l0{.1
32.3!t
58.4
109.9
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25.3
3.52
3.4?
3.4It
*4.3
60.l
384.0
?I.4
?-a
3,l.Oa
56.?
lt5.?
24.6
3.{il
399.4
?4.3
3.34
3.34
3.34
3.25
3.24
6.17
12t,5
2t.o
120.6
52.6
s2.2
8.(x!
1t9.7
4.45
4,44
4.44
1?9'4
140.5
3.el
24.2
27.2
3-n
ITY.I
4.{3
r@.3
3.2t
3.Zl
8.62
9.36
9.82
I0.93
?.ll
5r.8
u6
.n9
3{n
t2.t92
3.19
12.090
3.34
3.34
3.t8
3.I?
ll.nl
.!80
269
zo:t
258
3.3{
r2.150
12.88
n4.8
.344
t2.062
it5!l
.406
249
242
3.16
3.14
3.13
I14.3
12.000
3.34
3.34
3.34
13.4t
.t' ID
15.?4
ttl o
4It.6
49.6
53.5
.418
I1.844
I l.?50
I1.648
88
n4
3.34
3,34
3.34
3.I I
3.08
3.04
16.94
ll0.?
5t.6
47.9
19.2{
108.4
106.2
65.4
73.2
4?.0
46.0
ml
l9t
3.34
3.34
3.34
3.01
103.9
101.6
96.1
80.9
88.5
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3.66
3.63
3.62
64.s
t2.N
.500
.s62
29.1
.?.fi
t.938
80.
3.34
3.34
3.34
2;19
Rg
t4.58
2L.52
It?.9
I
t6.?
ll0.Y
u3.l
29.3
31.8
3it.4
51.6
s7.2
39.9
43.8
5t.2
4.4
51.0
4.42
s0.6
50.2
4.4t
4.40
ut.s
-19.?
4S).5
49.0
48.5
183.2
26.6
28.7
19t.9
qr.l
212.7
gt.4
4.3!)
248.5
35.?
39.0
4.39
4.38
4.3?
258
n9
40.5
{3.8
300
47.1
4.36
4.3it
{.31
3At
50.4
56.?
62.8
4.8
4.2t
4.2
4?5
68.8
?4.5
10t.2
45.0
44.0
41.6
562
88.1
ul.0
4l.t
4.2t
sl9
90.8
t2s.5
r39.?
39.3
4.17
642
.tt.o
tm.?
4.13
?01
36.2
34.9
4.10
4.0?
?81
tn.8
3$2
401
8{t
.EIOI
t00
.8{3
I1.064
loo
.crs
ll.@0
32.64
r8
2.81
36.91
I.IZJ
10.?50
10.s00
3.34
3.34
3.34
2.8{l
1.0o0
l6l
l{4
2J5
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95.0
90.8
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1.2t9
I0.313
u?
2.20
44.t4
eet
t5o.t
t.3t2
t0.126
106
3.34
3.34
47.14
80.5
t60.3
.188
13.624
t Et
tz.7
4.8{t
195
27.A
144.4
143.6
g2-4
qt. r
3.5s
3.54
8.16
9.s2
l4It.8
J.0l
.25
469
459
452
3.62
t3.560
t3.524
6'2.5
4.gI
35.0
62,2
4-gI
26
24
32.3
34.8
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62.0
60.8
2S5
EOt
4.86
4.84
4.82
otJ
36.s
45.0
3nl
5:t.3
59.0
63.4
67.8
59.1
4.81
40t
4.80
48
5t.3
58.6
58.0
4.79
4S7
61.4
65.3
JI.J
c5-6
4.78
484
69.1
4.74
80.3
55.3
4.?3
562
589
.ui
l0
aFl
.250
13.5{n
448
3.6"f
.312
4A
3.6?
30 ST
.3?S
13.3?5
13.2s0
408
4A:,
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13.188
aI60
.43{t
l3.l2s
.4dt
r3.062
389
380
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13.0@
t2.814
t2.?50
40
xst
60
to2
.525
3?1
345
3:l?
2.98
2.90
taa
23.8t
?.6.&
118.3
15t.5
t9.2
a.o
z4.l
I t.500
I t.s16
160
L6r
z.At
2.Al
23.56
44
IN
l.o
14.000
2.81
88.1
2.42
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98.0
Af
2.81
30
l4
Am
ol.l
60
A'I
9.960
9.?!t0
9.68?
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ST
Ao
9.250
lb
D-12-7fi
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140
t2
31.5!l
10,29
3.53
3.50
3.47
10.80
IO.UJ
l4il.1
l4(,.s
t3?.9
3.6?
3.67
3.67
3.45
17.34
136.6
3.{4
t8.66
3.42
19.94
134.0
3.6?
3.6?
3.67
3.40
2t-zt
132.?
72.1
t29.0
3.34
24.9A
26.26
84.9
89.3
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t3.44
tn.7
4tt.?
54.6
242
lno o
116.4
84.1
Properties of
Pipe
297
Table 10-1
Continued
Sch
Ao
Al
Am
Rq
hI
(contiaucd)
.ooo
.?50
80
t2.r?s
I00
l4
D-
1.093
1.250
1.344
120
140
14.000
160
.r
262
u.814
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I1.500
1.406
I1.188
,I88
t5.624
I5.524
ott
4.19
902
4.
t9
15.500
895
4.t9
842
4.19
4.19
4.19
.Bl
15.438
.312
.3,14
.406
la tt
l5.loo
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15.124
30 ST
l6
D-
4()
xsi
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.500
E.t
16.0@
.750
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80
4.19
4.19
4.19
4.19
4.19
126.4
12,,.7
c.t I
614
8t.7
t06.1
4.69
oit/
38.4?
lr5-5
t30.8
50.0
4.63
atz5
98.2
117.9
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4d32
109.6
150.7
3.0r
s0.0?
47.5
4{i.0
4.58
4.53
lo27
$.44
181.6
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t32.8
t46.8
2.96
t03.9
t@.5
4.50
1082
154.6
2.93
cat.*t
98.3
189.1
42-6
{.48
4.09
4.06
4.06
9.34
tot t
31.8
a2n
t.?s
r89.3
40.1
42.1
82.0
JOO
ol-r
384
.to"5
45.8
48.0
47.2
8l.l
4.5(|
52.{
80.4
5.5:l
1d'l
474
53.6
59.3
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?9.1
78.4
J.$t
., 1.'
4.04
4.02
4.01
3.98
3.94
toe
t82-7
lq
qo
l8l -2
4.8
24.35
l1e a
114
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tt.6
5.52
5.50
lt.o
7r.2
5.{9
82.4
4.I9
2qq
t4.500
64t
4.19
4.19
3.80
35.S0
601
4.I9
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40.14
48.48
160.9
lJo.c
4.19
4.19
t52.6
16,{.8
co.00
144.5
14.3r4
t3.124
13.000
38!)
rtll
t60
t2.at4
345
l0
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l?.500
It itq
l64l
4.5{t
1584
4.55
4.52
4.
t9
4.19
4.19
t7.?.fi
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t472
4.71
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t?.000
t420
4.?l
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16.876
1369
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t6.813
1344
IJI''
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16.750
16.562
16.500
1247
1?23
t090
80
100
t5.066
120
15.250
t40
950
1.688
14.625
t4.438
4.?l
3.44
3.40
azl
x, 'l
t69.4
IUI.J
1t2.4
68.0
4.48
4.4Ii
4.42
13.94
17.36
?3.4
72.7
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62.6
t59.6
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ou5
549
64.8
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91.5
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llo.D
s.42
s.40
12t.4
5.29
5.23
23,2.3
ttt
9.lt
24{t.l
240.5
930
5.48
5.4?
135.3
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129.0
t047
I157
144.6
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I?0.5
1550
194.5
l?5t
?.m.1
5.t2
1815
1894
236.7
549
61.0
104.1
6.28
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59.0
70.6
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u.t7 w.3
82.2
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98.3
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96.9
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130.2
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t289
136.8
143.3
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1458
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92.6
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4.39
4.34
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110.4
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38.98
2!5.5
132,5
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213.8
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2t0.6
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138.2
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3,99
3.89
{.876
t.?8t
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18.41
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459
60
t*r,
ts.40
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t.218
40
too.
93.5
744
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xs
2t.4I
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ST
18.00O
15.062
15.000
14.938
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12.688
12.500
t,l'r
193.3
142.7
80.65
3.&t
86.{8
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3.?8
90.?3
tdt.?
lm.8
294.0
308.5
103.6
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5.90
5.84
5.80
2908
3020
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$!!.5
323.1
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298
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t0
20
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20
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30
xs
l9.s@
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t9.3?5
r9.250
t9.124
.3t2
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40
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18.814
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I8.?50
6{'
tSIt
1.99
1.500
17.000
1.42
140
l.?50
16.500
l60
1.844
1.968
t.u
16.04
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2t.s@
l0
st
:<!t
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sT
.312
4.?,fi
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a.ps
.o{r,
23.000
.DOZ
22.876
.625
4.750
4.626
22.064
80
t.2r8
21.938
21.564
t0o
t.531
l.oall
I.812
140
2.0t2
160
2.188
?-3+3
sa
xl;
20
ST
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20.938
20.376
r9.8?6
19.52s
r9.3t4
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29.3?6
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2.9.t25
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29.000
tQ a.ra
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30
42
42.000
23.500
23.376
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26.000
36.0@
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21.0m
n.w
30
lo.Jl!t
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t0
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40
26
36
3.4
l?.938
l?.5@
tm
2.36
1.03t
1.2s0
1.28t
80
30
34.00O
5.11
2.N
5.24
5.24
3.24
5.24
5.24
5.24
2.02
xs
34
2.82
2.73
2.64
2.56
2.48
18.250
20
D-30.000
Ai
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l0
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18.376
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20.000
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ST
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1.64
l.6t
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5.04
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4.9?
4.94
4.93
4.91
4.8t
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4.70
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5.24
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1.07
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6.8
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ta t,
26.9
30.6
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36.2
38.0
48.9
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298.6
294.8
291.0
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283.5
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52.7
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t?0.4
l?8.7
6.48
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4379
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1490
209.0
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2,02.7
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363
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t787
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6.71
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6.72
6.64
6.63
2483
240.9
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325.1
tTn ztt.2
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4217
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it!9.5
42t.7
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153.6
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434
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185.8
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l9{l
135.8
161.9
2249
2550
212.5
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129.5
140.7
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5.92
5.89
5.78
5.74
50.3
54.8
70.0
442
398
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5.48
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t08.1
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126.3
5.20
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181.9
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156.0
l?8.0
i76.0
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8.27
186.3
t72.2
238.1
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8.31
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l3!i.4
171t.5
lgr.4
?a40
237.O
28S
a.?.2
3140
3420
or lu
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4920
388
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296.4
8.07
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t42.1
344
326
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106.t
t49.1
429.4
483.2
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134.3
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8630
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302
293
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542.0
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tc
9-UO
149.9
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7.70
9010
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30.2
501
102.5
136.2
216.8
9.06
9.02
2479
98.9
293.5
291.0
t0.50
3210
,lta.,
2.69
6.8
10.26
o-61
5.81
o-ot
21.9
t?04
98.3
92.8
90.5
ll0.t
2.91
l5a4
6.88
2,8,4
n.0
42'o
3.10
1624
104.1
415
3.5r
128.9
109.4
32.4
36.9
41.4
6.24
6.28
6.28
6.23
6.28
l4{i7
250.3
256.1
6.02
5.99
6.4
1289
6.90
6.88
208.9
6.2A
8.?A
8.2A
6.28
6.92
244.5
238.8
6.44
5.23
5.08
4.66
4.02
124.4
tu.8
ttt
IIZ.J"
4?S
6.4
6.4
lu.4
261.6
259.8
252.7
27.8
o.l r
ll14
ltoa
6.09
6.28
126.0
129.3
6.?9
6.09
5.93
?qt
938
t65.4
l''a a
I84.8
341.1
18.?
tat
6.98
6.96
6.94
?,43.2
2t3.8
8.2
tu.g
63.4
?8.9
94.6
alt
n8.0
t?a I
6.28
8.24
o.Yat
R9
o.t.6
?8.6
91.5
I00.3
t0s.2
I rl.5
25.5
33.8
!'Jw
6.54
49t
at8
tlt
4t0
4?3
6852
7&4
5n
65:l
rtttt
t9l
250
2t.4
l -64,
7.69
?.85
34.9
6?2
21.0
20.5
l.Eto
'1.62
lt8.?
40.6
ooo
138.0
?.88.4
l0.4It
44
?.8!r
7.59
46.3
52.0
661
qtit
t5l-o
l?6.8
286_0
10.4r
50il{l
336
649
195.1
28t,1
10.3!t
6230
4ls
868
134.7
178.9
3?6.0
370.3
11.89
I l.ato
oo95
1to
142-7
189.6
4U.6
12.60
{16.6
ob5Y
12.55
61t'0
488
5?8.?
t4.72 1052t
50
668
20.
!o a
7qa
7.53
3:t.zso
40.5
a aal
33.000
39.
8.90
35.2s0
3:i.000
54.4
52.5
9.44
9.44
41.250
41.000
119.4
115.9
t.0
I1.0
8.?0
8.64
10.80
10.13
39.6
5Z-O
42.O
Ylo
c5-o
962
49.0
IJ.to
I66.?
1320
?1.6
10.48
10.41
57t.7
14.67
2t4
{34
t4{xt?
L1
Weight and Dimensions o{
Pipe and ComPonents
D=
Weight of insulation
Weipht of pipe : lJse the values for properties for carbon
steej pipe as a standard. These values can be found in
Values
Aluminum
Brass
Cast ircn
Copper
Thermobestos
0'35
: l.l2
: 0'91
= l,l4
Fefrtic stainless steel : 0'95
Austenitic stainless steel = 1.@
{arbon
Depleted uanium
(D+f; = 67n
ll
lb/ft3
10
to 11 1b/ft3
11.53 lb/ft3
KAIJO
r9-2rlbltr
Super-X
Foly-Urethane
?5tbltr
2.3rbltr
Amosite asbestos
16 lb/ft3
9 rb/ff
91b/ft3
Foamglas
Cellular glass
0.98
IT
Wrbught
.0218
Calcium silicate
85% magnesium
rials are:
,r)
Mineral wool
8lb/ff
299
Thickness of Insulation
21h"
I
.72
.84
1.35
1.01
1.25
4
6
2.tl
t.62
3112"
1.94
2.',|6
| .71
2.52
2.53
3.47
3.48
2.08
3.01
4.O',l
2.5s
J.Ol
4.5'7
4.66
6.09
5.64
7.8s
t2
t4
3.28
4.13
5.20
6.04
.07
6.r6
16
6.90
8.38
9.33
10.4
8.45
11.6
8.93
10.5
10.7
12.0
13.3
14.6
t3.4
r7 .0
21.0
21.1
24.8
14.1
18.0
19.2
2r.9
26.0
23.4
25.0
26.5
27 .8
28.O
JJ. I
29.s
34.8
40.1
40.3
45.9
46.4
52.2
1.5
10
l8
20
24
26
28
30
J2
8.
10.0
10.4
11.2
I 1.9
12.7
13.4
36
42
* me tublc
15.
l3
16.1
t7
.l
t4.2
18.2
19.2
16.5
22.2
20.5
21.7
23.0
t tb/ff
28.0
3.70
4.52
4.42
5.24
6.07
7 .60
9.48
5.59
6.65
7
11.5
t3.2
15. I
11.0
12.7
13.
15.8
t7 .5
19.3
14.6
16.3
l7 .7
29.5
31.3
34.0
olnt
^ot"riol".
Table 11-2
Weight of Flanged Gate Valves
(tb)
Size
(inJ
I
1.5
150# 300#
JI
55
95
140
240
/100
t0
t2
t4
16
l8
20
24
900#
68
75
t4s
215
420
700
1500# 2500#
1,050 1,530
1,490 2,0w
1,150 2,170 2,410
1,580 2,800 3,500
630
830
1,910 3,720
136
115
194
270
530
940
330
720
256
460
610
1,410
3,2W 4,680
4,230 6,500
7,2W
2,350
4,90
9,800
3,900
,380
I 1,800
314
430
900
.4
20.4
1'7
18.
18.5
2t.3
20.5
22.6
24.6
28.7
30.2
32.2
JZ+. J
23.6
25.9
39.r
36.3
41.1
38.3
43.'7
rn" tort"
28.1
32.9
34.6
36.9
41.6
44.1
46.6
51.4
54.4
57 .5
49.1
51.7
59.2
iiuaiionaig *d-o*rin.
60.5
bJ-)
72.6
."ighr.
(tb)
Size
(in.)
I
9l
16.0
Table 11-3
35
45
600#
9.10
11.5
13.8
15.5
Rating
400#
.48
9.82
150# 300#
20
Ratlng
400#
1.5 29 55
245
60
380
120
4
120
170 220
6 210 360 460
8 340 590 830
l0
550
9r0 r,250
12 730 1,220 1,800
14 990 |,960 2,210
16 1,460 2,550 3,100
18 |,730 33N 3,76s
20 2,200 4,350
24 3,350 6,700
Courtesy of Crane Co.
600#
900#
25
80
70
125
80
155
270
&0
190
260
350
750
410
520
1,250
1,080 1,300
1,610 1,970
2,240 3,2N
3,000 4,350
4,030 6,000
1,910
6,760
8,950
10,500
Size
weight of wdd
160
70
23462
280
180
140
120
3 65
630
4 100 180 2W 260 3401,360
6 2N 330 395 530 640
8 390 620 680 900 1,180 2'100
l0 510 9m 9N 1,440 2'170
t2 775 r,2n 1,250 |,970
t4 1,200 1,650
16 1,450 2,050
2,420
18
.t
80
t40
250
a0
l0
598
t2
824
139
214
396
a8
686
14
16
18
20
24
Councst oI craie co.
zto
155
390
780
1,320
100
2500#
130
18
Co.
79
900# 1500#
55
20
24
Table 11'7
End Globe \ralves
weld
tlreight of
(tb)
slze
Ratlng
600#
t2
t4
t6
Table 1 1-6
vrteight of Flanged Globe \hlves
(lb)
Slze
47
80
130
zffi
510
760
1<
10
a^
Ctaw
Ratlng
400#
350
4 100
6 160
8 360
20
Courtesy of
(lb)
Size
Ratlng
(ln.) 150#
Table I l'5
End Check (Swing) l/alves
90
160
600#
115
191
233
476
318
820
1,2:U.
782
900# 1500#
2t5
46 4fi
490 65
920 1,890
215
2500#
Ratlng
234757897
3 75 115 130 L6 170 185
+ 120 179 206 272 2N 285
6 220 332 401 656 630 680
8 363 530 900 1,100 1'1'+0 l'370
10
12
1,056
1,160
535
794
L4
l6
18
20
24
Courtesy of Cratv
C'a.
r,730
2,7N
3,850
2,400
3,024
4,lm0
Table 11-B
Wbight of Flanged Angle \hlves
0b)
Ratng
150# 300# 400# 600# 900#
238
130
160 230
4 110 2N 235 280 370
6 zl0 370 385 675 1,000
8 360 634 685 985
10 552 1,130 1,950
12
r,720 3,100
2,350
14
lo
18
20
Counes! of Crune
Co.
Table 11-9
Weight of Weld End Angte Valves
(tb)
Rating
(inJ
70
8l
r70
155
490
o
8
10
530
330
880
t2
t4
16
18
20
24
Courtesy
ol Crane
Co.
r30
Table 11-10
Wbights ot Flanges (tnctuding Botts)
2WN 6 10 13 13 31 31 48
2SO
6 9 11 tl 32 32 48
2 BLD 5 10 12 12 31 31 49
3 WN 11 19 27 27 38 61 113
3SO
9 17 19 19 36 60 gg
3 BLD 10 20 24 24 38 61 105
4WN t7 29 4t 48 g 90 r77
4SO 15 26 32 43 6 90 158
4 BLD 19 31 39 47 67 90 164
6 WN 27 48 67 96 130 202 451
6 SO 22 45 54 95 r28 2U 396
6 BLD 29 56 71 101 133 197 418
8 WN 42 76 104 137 222 334 692
8 SO 33 67 82 135 207 3t9 60i
8 BLD 48 90 115 159 232 363 gg
l0 wN 60 110 152 225 316 546 1,291
10 so 51 100 117 213 293 528 1.148
r0 BLD 78 146 t8l 267 338 5gg t.245
f2 wN 88 163 212 272 434 843 1.919
12 SO 72 140 1& 261 388 820 1,611
t2 BLD 118 209 26t 341 475 928 1,775
14 WN 11,3 217 277 406 642 1,241
14 SO 96 195 235 318 4@ 1,016
14 BLD r42 267 354 437 s74
16 WN 108 288 351 577 785 1,597
16 SO t85 262 310 42 559 1,297
16 BLD 160 349 455 @3 719
18 wN 140 355 430 652 1.074 2.069
l8 so 229 33t 380 s73 797 t,694
18 BLD 196 440 572 762 1,030
20 wN
43r 535 8lt 1.344 2.614
20 so 181 378 468 733 972 2,114
20 BLD 298 545 7tt 976 r,287
24 WN 295 632 777 1,157 2,450 4,153
24 SO 245 577 676 1,056 1,823 3,378
24 BLD 446 Ur 1.355 2.442
Courte\) of Crane Co.
303
t ilt
9Oo
llbow
on
aA
T/f 4
LJJRodlu.
9Oo Shorr
:tbov,
on. lnd
.N
-A/ >
lons Rodlut
Elbow
"1.-J
45o
1 | | tl
F\
i /i
-t-:-L
5l..l9hl Cror!
r-l-T
Ill t*tl
_n
Ll
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e]
tg":J-t
l*G--!
c"P
,,--\
/
\
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\#l
l+,
l.-H- +l
6/s
r'/e
7/ra
lr/a'
1Yz
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1rh,
lr,
17/g
33/t
4r/z
lr/t
3r/r
4r/r
t'/2
5ta
tt/s
l3/t
zYz
1rh
3
4
3Ve
1r/z
2
33/t
4Y8
9
l0s/a
3Yt
47/E
3.4
5'/t
133/t
l0
15
l0
t7
6U
t2
1t
t2
20rh
t '/2
8r/2
10
2l
16
24
t8
20
30
36
18
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trk
trh
2Yz
t'/z
lr/z
2ra,
2r/.
31h
k-
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8./t
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12.
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2?/t
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27/s
3tAs
4t/rs
lr/*.
rYE
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31 6/re
53/ro
33/t
tYE
4
5
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4a/t
6Yt
lr/a
67/ra
t -/16
lr/t
8r/rs
tsh
8e/ro
t?/s
1r/z
113/t
2r/ta
4th
L'/16
5Vz
8
18
16
24
6r/t
\r/a
73/t
l0t/ta
95/te
12r/
40
4E
zYz
3
3r/z
3r/z
93/s
80
40
40
40
80
80
80
80
40
40
40
40
80
80
80
40
40
80
80
80
80
80
10n/s
t43/a
zoYs
tx|/a
2rh
t77/s
18%
248h
l5
t6ta
tath
10
10
23/t
201/.
3r/t
22YB
13
l0
3r/z
24r/6
26yE
30r/a
34r/E
L4
JO
40
20
20
20
t0
28
60
6/re
44
4t)
40
4n
153/e
48
s4
toth
81/z
1Yt
Stror
l2E/rs 165/re
28
63/rs
I -/L6
4r/s
43/t
51
Extr
S
2
L-/r6
7r/z
9
lrr/re
2
2r/z
lVs
30
6
6r/z
15'
2r/z
rt
llr/t t3rh.
lr
3
33/t
10
ll.
12r/2
2Y1
r1h.
t'/2
t'/a
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---r
I
tta
6t/t
3r/z
lr6/ts
rYL
2Vz
[\
tl
s/t
lr/z
[_-\
l!--/-l
k-
long Rodlur
R.lurn B.nd
R.lnfor.lns
lYz
Shap!d Nlppl.!
20xlE'
w.ldlnr 5!ddl.
Yz
9oo Typ.
Stub End
R.turn a.nd
Size
R.ducinr Crott
ml
url
t-M+l
Shorl Rodlur
R.du.lns T..
Iong Tang.6t
Stroighl or
lll
l._E-*Ei
Lonr Rodl'rr
--r-'llf
ill"
T U- b .--ul
160,
L__-r-'
T-/:
9oo
F-c.---
F--A---l
30
36
40
48
x3
17r/t
20
304
Class
Pipe
Vz
3/t
3Vz
1/ts
31/8
I
lr/t
4Y.
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e/rs
45/^
3A
2W
6
7
7r/t
3Y2
150
Pound
E
8Vz
9
l3/s
2YE
r/-
lrr/ra
13/t
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2
2y2
3Yg
I Vre
2TB
3A
35/e
rtl"
I B/ts
l0
r,/rs
T1
l3Y2
lyE
l3/rs
l6
lyg
Tta
5/z
7Yz
5/e
t-/lB
8r/z
x/t
17/rs
9Vt
ll3/t
l3Aa 23/t
l6
27r/^
xqr/,
20
20
l3/e
Ls/e
11h
'rr
45/e
4YB
rr/ra
lr/z
6YA
t3/--
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6th
2U
7V2
8Ut
lYs
l6
lrr/ra 3r/t
2
2,r/t
3W
27/8
4rh
37/e
4Y8
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t3/t
f6
%
1rs/re
2r/r,
2Y2
4Y2
ru
lTAc
6.63
8.63
14.00
16.00
lr/t
3U,
24.O0
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7/s
2r/ra
5/s
0.84
1.05
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lr/rs
2r/e
27Aa
3/t
l3/ra 2rt/ta
rllc
3/t
6./e
8
8
ts/rel
3
,i\i,"l
3Ve
33/rs
1.90
2.38
2.88
3.50
4.00
4.50
5Y2
7V
"/a
7TE
lTg
33/s
l1
l3/s
75Ae
8r/z
9Y1
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37/g
105/n
t2
3/"
2rAa
37/a
TE
27/te
43/s
x'/s
45/e
lr/s
27h
5Y8
55/e
6.63
8.63
10.75
12.75
14.00
l0
17Y2
t2
20Yz
2Vt
lo3/e
12t/t
1sY1
16
t7t/t
l5/rs
lY2
lrr/r,
Lfa
77As
33/t
20
lVa
22W
20
lY.
3Y4
53/t
r6.00
4t/r
24t/e
27
x4
lr/e
3W
6r/t
1E.00
t'/a
24
24
lYa
33/t
6t/a
6./a
5V2
3Y2
20.00
24.00
4.50
l6
25W
xY1
l8
2E
23/e
21
20
30rh
2Yz
36
23/r,
27tA
l0
l3/e
6sAs
t -/16
77/a
9ra
%
%
to6/^
t2
7h
t2
I
IYB
lY4
ll
tr/z
12r/z
1s/*
8!z
17r/z
l1/B
xYE
lo'/a
l2t/e
loYz
2Yt
t73/a
l6
20
20
24
24
l5Y1
2s/p.
r6Yt 20r/t
16
18
25Yz
2a
2r/z
tgt/z
25/c
21
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3or/z
2r/t
36
77r/^
l3As
20r/a
16r/,
lEYz
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63/ts
l5/a
l7/a
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37/re
lrAa
lr/t
t4c
l3/t
l3/rs
t2r/,
te/,"
to-75 lr5/rt
2t/re
6
8
l0
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0.84
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1.05
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1.32 rr/re
txt
1.66
1.90
%
2.38
1
2.88 lY8
3.50 13/,,
4.00
4.50 t -/16
l0
l4
5/s
6
7
223/t
33/e
l,
5lz
5
5r/z
6sAs
/ -/16
ar/z
los/a
2T
Pound
4Yg
lrr/ra
t4
400
21/re
2Y2
27Yz
lrh
l8Y2
18
20
24
Pound
l7/re
le/ra
l6
3Y2
4
^/2
x3r/z
lr/r
21
tL/-^ 23/re
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l4
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t6rL
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l4Yt
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300
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r/
3t/c
123/t
C.oh.l.p Flong.
Cron.lop Fl.nso
4OO, 600, 900, | 500, o.d 250o-Poqnd
Bolts
Siie
1r/z
2
Scr6v.d Flon9.
400, 600, 9O0, 1500, ond 2500-Pou.e
21Yz
2434
27
lr/"
z\g
6
2
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2r/t 4t/,"
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6.63
2V,
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rr/rs
27/B
47/B
r0.75
3YB
53/e
lr/t 3sle
12.75
4V.
57/a
l3/s 3rr/rs
t./E 31h
6
6Y2
lr/z
6E/a
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
24.00
t3a
4r/,
67/*
53/s
5t/t
Pipe
Size
rY1
5r/t
r3/,"
2
2r/2
lYz
6Yg
7/e
x7/8
z\z
6Y2
7r/z
IYB
81/^
lYt
lo3/t
lr/z
63/ra
13
l3/e
lr/p.
t -/16
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31h.
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0.84
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1.05
1r/rs
rYa
21/ra
l|/t
23/t
27h
3Y8
3r/^
L5/e
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t/t
6s/e,
3A
lr3/rc
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8
8
8
11/ta
l5/e
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2r/B
loYz
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rrv
8
11
1,5/^
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lo5/s
t33A
t2
lYg
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33/s
6
6Yg
6Vz
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l4
10
20
2r/,
123/a
t7
l6
lr/t
20
lY4
233/L
2r/e
X3/t
19Y1
l4
16r/a
X03/a
z0
3rr/ts
l8Y2
233/e
20
l3/t
lr/z
18
29Yt
2.53/t
20
l5/e
46/a
7
7\/a
7Yz
l7/a
$t/z
3Yz
9Yz
133/t
15
900
23/e
ll
lra
8rh
11,y,
t2
rVa
33/e
5r/z
12
l3/e
l3/e
l3/e
4Yz
4V
7Yt
6.63
8.63
10.75
4V8
77/a
12.7 5
5s/s
83/a
14.00
6Va
24
3YB
t6rh
22
l6
X73/t
33/t
3r/z
lSYz
2Ar/q
27Vt
l6
20
20
3Y6
63/e
11/z
r'/a
t'/a
81/z
r6.00
6Y2
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2
6V
93/t
35r/z
xo
ZYz
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18.00
20.00
24.00
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29U
20
20
20
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l3/s
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6r/r,
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7
8r/z
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lYz
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2V
96/e
l5/s
l7/e
4YB
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t0rh
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9Y2
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27/B
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TsAs
llYz
rv
27h.
lr/z
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12r/2
tz
19
35/a
t05/B
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tx
l4
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47h
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4.50
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4Y8
6Ys
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4rr/ts
63/t
4rrA,
rsYz
l6/t
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83/s
6.63
8.63
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16
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2
l6
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5Y4
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l3/e
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sw
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lr,
2
2r/z
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27/s
534
33/e
63/t
23/e
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734
9
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ev
2Y2
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tt
l5/a
4s/a
l6r/t
lYz
lx/s
2Yt
5r/t
0.84
1.05
8r/t
t0v
lYl
1.66
1.90
2.38
2.88
3.50
26Yz
29r/2
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t/a
5r/z
6
6Yz
2Ys
25r/^
l0
4s/s
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
24.00
3.50
t4
4.50
l5t/2
l8Y2
2W
43/a
4Yz
lx"/o
6.63
8.63
10.75
2e/t
3Yg
1o7s
zY8
L"/e
lYa
73/t
4t/t
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8
8
2Y2
5r/z
lr3/r'
9r/t
23Ae
4l
rv
lTAa
ls/e
2Y8
75/ra
4Ya
tv"
7/B
133/t
1.66
1.90
7.38
2.88
3.50
4.50
5
63/ra
t8t/z
2lYz
18
20
24
r/z
lr/ra
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lY2
t3/t
l0
43Ae
L'/A
28r/z
27r/t
I/s
2Yra
l6t/z
3
3r/a
5
4YE
G
7h
llY2
Pound
rt/ts
lr
Dia.
2500
4Y2
47h
20
24
1500
3r/z
27
Pound
t./a
3r/t
41/s
t2
Pound
l3/e
Yre
3x/e
-/1
600
Pound
lz
116
'/a
Bolts
t4
l6Yz
63/ra
lo3/t
35/e
123/t
l9
41A
l4r/,
r/t
t2
13/t
IYz
4YB
t0.75
lrYB t2.75
10
55/a
8%
tt3/a
14.00
9r/"
27/8
0.84
1.05
lsAe
r'/t6
lLYra
3Ys
1I/s
2rAa
3r/z
3t/^
lYs
23/s
1r%o
t.32
tlA
2rAa
43/e
1.66
1.90
2.3E
2./t
3Y8
5'/e
2.88
3Y8
lVt
35/e
6r/e
lVz
4V
7Yz
4.50
4Yl
5VE
tosa
5th
2lt/t
t -/t5
8Yz
lo5/s
10
26y.
6rh
123/t
2trh
2r/z
l6Yz
1o.75
t2
30
7Yt
t5
243/e
2.4
t0
l8r/t
12.75
l0
5
6
17
l1Y2
6.63
8.63
Components
305
E-T
FEh
ltf
JIK D
E-T
l-E$r--l
,-t
|tI
JIL D
fltt ory"
./-i\ |
Ylf i*
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r- I
T-
/- i\
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I
I
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fi=-l='il1
r-i--l
l-c----l
-1 I
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f---r-l
F-A----l
Bun-W.lding
Dimensions, in Incher
Cless
Size of
Valve
6r/t
t'/2
zrh
3r/z
4
5
6
1S0-Pound
734
8Y2
9
Er/z
Lt'/l
16Yz
8
8
201/.
grh
llVt
25.4
l0
3r/z
4
\rYz
llYz
l3
l3
l8r/+
22r/t
6
9
t4
l4
253/a
10
32
l5
t7
t7
20
22
20
6
8
26
3l
363/t
14
14
16
423/t
20
52Y1
24
27
3lr/z
10
l5
30%
157/e
JnYa
t4
tlr/z
t6r/z
l6
10
13
14
18
193/t
52Yz
IE
l0
ffir/z
l8
t2
70
7or/t
27
14
77r/t
30
30
l4
l6
79s/t
l8
97Y1
27
30
20
trh
z0
32
ll23/t
30
163/t
IE
2r/z
l9
3
5
7r/z
8Y2
E9
15
27r/t
3tr/2
18
t2
t2
28r/t
l0
15
15
t57/e
33r/z
t7
l0
38r/z
14
t2
3E
l6
16
4oY2
44r/z
30
30
7s%
l6
IE
33
36
9lr/z
30
20
39
993/t
45
36
39
45
t2oy2
36
36
l6
16
303/a
18
19r/z
23r/z
1E
26Y2
30
32Y2
1E
22
900-Pound
20
24
29
I
lr/t
20
38
40Y2
44r/z
10
l0
ll
11
l6
423/t
20
52\h
24
27
30
30
62V1
73r/z
77r/t
a5t/t
l6t/z
t2
11
10
l4r/z
22YB
l0
263/E
12
16r/z
l6Y2
Itrh
l8Y2
11
2lY2
ttr/z
26Yz
3t3/t
6
8
273/a
26rh
27%
323/t
323/t
i'5
t9r/z
40r/t
5or/z
20
26r/z
30
32r/z
J5'/2
593/t
67./t
74
74t/.
27
8
8
l4r/2
L'/2
73Yz
t4
363/t
1500-Pound
t2
1t./-
8l
14
16
36
126
11
t4
l4
l6
t04r/z
23r/t
l9t/t
10
47
llr/z
IE
20
llYE
t9./t
43
8
9
47
56Y2
64Y1
39
62V
l8
9th
l6Yz
31
833/t
933/t
8Yz
9Y2
r6Yz
IE
l0
39
7
8
9
Ls%
8
600-Pound
l6
24
26
28
18
400-Pound
Valve
2rh
t2
Size of
l0Y2
t2
300-Pound
Class
'A
l4
16
20
Claes
Butt-Welding
Flanged
z\z
150
Pou
t500
Pound
16r/2
11Y2
t93/a
rrlh
t9t/t
53/a
173/e
14
23
l6
2ot/e
7.134
X3r/z
8
9
9
lTYt
10
10
x4Y2
26
l9t/z
24r/z
26
7
8
93/t
loYz
173/t
Sr/a
173/e
t9
53/a
19
2oY2
6Y4
xo\2
9
10
10
65/s
22r/z
tx
24t/t
t4
7Ye
x6v
l6
293/e
36lz
IE
x4
12Y2
xoYz
22r/z
121/2
14
l2Y2
l3x/t
91h
ttth
l3t/r.
HIK
4t/t
4t/t
t9
3r/z
Flaneed or
All
alves
Butt-Wldingt
t4t/2
t6r/z
173/t
243/t
14
243/.
11
16
5
6
t53/t
t7r/2
26rh
293/.
t7r/z
293/t
22
36U
L2
36y2
834
l1
l6
25Y1
16
xSYa
l4
28Y2
It
x1t/r
18
28Y2
3lV1
28Y2
1E
93/a
31r/n
20
38r/a
ll3/a
38t/t
x7
23Yz
6Yz
7
7Y2
2tr/1
23rh
z7r/z
8Yz
27rh
r8
l0
303/a
x0
191/z
3lr/t
191/z
23r/z
3ara
23r/z
2
zYz
llY2
l3
l4
l9
1lY2
21r/e
t7
27r/2
20
22
303/t
x3Yz
t4
20
l5
18
29Y2
IE
37t/a
303/e
22
l4lrz
25V8
l4Y2
2r/2
3
r6yz
28r/s
18r/z
33Y2
t6t/z
l8t/2
10
t9
2lr/t
3Y2
900
133/t
$Yz
rrrh
Pound
Pound
l4Y2
t0r/2
400
Pound
t33/t
8
8V2
9Yz
10r/z
2U
Pound
600
JJ
2
+J
300
19rh
Screwed
HH
HH
l4
l6
5
6
Angle Valves
Globe Valves
Size
t2
l4
II
24
24
29r/2
7Y2
24
791/z
373/t
t2
37 3/a
20
l4
28r/a
331/2
IE
308
Js I P
F+
T'---'-'T
t--N
Prea-
Size
Class
Pounds, Each
Valves
,r.l
2V2
3rh
r50
Pound
50
30
Flanged or
Butt-Welding
l0
100
100
140
200
120
390
510
360
slz
$rh
9r/t
roYz
1rh
rlYz
300
Pound
400
Pound
80
100
120
l2YE
27Yz
133/a
on
39
60
80
9rh
lo3/t
63/t
torh
6t/t
ll3/t
llr/z
EYl
l2Yz
130
l4
g3/t
153/t
t03/t
260
lTVz
t\3/"
620
510
2l
t4
l0
920
760
12
1290
1015
24t/z
2a
200
270
190
16
l0
IE
t2
310
19r/z
6E0
l0
900
580
820
13Yz
26r/z
t2S0
I150
30
38
32
40
70
l3
100
14
260
400
530
17
20
170
300
420
900
l0
1440
740
880
t2
1970
1200
180
340
640
I lE0
l4Yz
t$r/t
63/t
llY2
70
l5
I
6V
9Yz
140
900
500
t0r/t
240
2r/z
lgYz
24th
180
Pound
8
9
250
330
lr/t
Pound
13
160
1Y2
600
6
6Yz
ltr/z
1200
1450
40
70
12
2
zYz
$rh
9rh
94
96
u
40
50
Screwed
Valves Weldinp
Valves
FD&SF
Inches
2
Dimeneions, in Inches
Butt-
$r/t
tor/r
123/.
tir/t
31
t8t/t
2lr/z
15
Ith
ll
240
l8
500
890
29
t6r/,
EY1
t0r/z
t33/t
trh
ll0
EO
2
2r/z
160
130
t2
t4rh
245
t70
l6V2
2E0
210
l8Vz
ttut
630
950
Ltr/z
l3r/t
1360
390
480
780
26r/2
273/t
t51/t
2100
1320
Pound
6
8
93/t
rsv
Miter Welding
30"
Siz.
6o'
45"
+v2
3/4
15/r 6
5ta
7la
r-3/8
r- r
5/16
3/4
15t16
1-5l16
I
1-0
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1-13/16
1-1/8
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2-1t2
10
1.1t16
2.114
3rl8
12
2.5la
3-11/16
l-6
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1-9
2-1lA
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2-O
35/16
11/16
11la
lA
2.7
2.11A
35/16
18
2.7 t16
r3l4
20
2.11t16
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t6
22
26
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1-7
7-7
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3a
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5.3/8
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8,11/16
6,7/16
1.1/4
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2.r5/16
7 15t16
911/16
8-1t/16
s 15/r6
11,Vt6
r-05/16
1
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1-
3-r3/16
5'9/r 6
7 5/16
3-O
2-15/16
9-1t4
9- | 3/16
103/8
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I t -9/',t6
l6
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8,3/16
63/8
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4-t5l16
1-7t16
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8-1/16
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34
3/16
1G9/16
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5,3/8
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9-1/a
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2,2.1t4
6-0
6-9
7-6
915/16
113/16
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3-9
40
4-3
4-6
4-9
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8-13/16
5,3/8
5-13/16
6-3/16
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2-15t16
10-3/8
11,5/8
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0-7116
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9-15/16
1-9/ 16
6-r5/16
1.1/2
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10-3/ 16
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2.114
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2-5la
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5-3t4
2-15lr6
5-1t4
6-7 lA
2-1t2
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30
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4.314
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2
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t-14
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45tA
309
310
13/r6
3.5/16
3.1n6
2-1116
1-7 /16
1-5/8
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4.1116
3-3/16
1t8
2-1/16
6 9/16
69/ l6
4-13/16
r.l5/ r 6
3-rlr6
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8,13/t 6
8.11/',r6
6-7lr6
ll
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2-1/a
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5.5/8
6.7
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1.1/4
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1-3/16
3-3/8
5-9/16
7-314
211/t6 81/r6
2.15/16
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3/16
3-3/16
$5/8
10.7
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3.3/4
11-114
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6.3t4
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11.1|a
1.11/16
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0-1/16
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7-1/2
7ta
3/a
1ll16
8-5/8
2-1t16
- 4-ll16
r - 5lr/16
1 - 7.5t16
1 A-7 la
2
3
1t-114
1-O7lA
3/16
l6
7.3/16
9-5/A
I -O
29/16
3-114
4-15/16
6-1/2
8-1/16
-13/ 16
23t8
9/r6
43/4
515/16
7 3t16
11/16
1-.1/2
2.3/1C
3
3.13/16
q.iirrc
9.1rl16
- 2-1t16
t.3/8
4,3/16
1 - 4.13t16
11.1t8
8 3/8
s.slu
'| 7-114
t.s/16 4-3t4
r - 0-r1/16
I9/',t6
6.7/ 16
l.r3lr6 5-3/8
1 I5/8
1 - 2 3t4
10-3/4
7,rta
2
515/16
2- 0-1/16
r 1-15/r6
t.'ts,1c
2-3t16 6-3/t6
2 - 2-7t16
1- 5.112
1,11t4
q 914
2.3/a
7-3/t6
2 - 4.13/16 1 ,7.1t16
\- 2:9t16 , e:9/16
2.9t16 7.3/4
2 - 7.1t4
| 8,5/8
1 - 3.112
lo 3,/8
2.13n6 8.3/8
2 S-a/a I 10,5/16
t
1:1/l6
3
8-15/16
3 - Or/16
1- 11-1t8 1 - 5.1t4
11.7tB
3,3/16 I9/16
3 - 2-1116
2 - 1-112
1 - 7.1/a
1 0.3/4
1G r/8
1- 1.9/1C
3-3/8
3 - 4-7/a
1 8,5/16
1G3/4
1 9- 12
3-9/16
3- 7 1t4 2 - 4-5/A
1-23!a
I t-5116
3-3t4
I - 10.11/r6 1 - 3.3/1
11- 15/16
4, G1/16 2 7.71A
4
1- 11-l ta
r - 3.7/6
4 3/16
1 -O.112 4 2.1/2
2 - g-7 t16
2- 1-11t6 1 1111.
4.3/4
4- 9,11/16
2 - 4-5ta
l-71l',8
1 - 4-1/8 5 - 4-7la
5-3/8
3-7
2 A 1t4
1-9.1/2
6.15/16 1 - 5-718 6 - 0-1/8
3 - 11-5/8
2 - 11.3t4
I - I1.7,t
7.3/16 1 -9.1/2 7 -2-1/2
4 - 9-3/8
2, 45ie
3-1
1
a_
Radius
of
Pip
Bends
-'l
f*.9\
| <fS,,,) id
t- ILLT_\ e3
90" Bends
180' Bends
ro nna
270' Bnds
540' Bends
109rl'
311
312
4i'
Eromple No.
8-Given A,
9o
sin
B, C, D,
tH : lllc
K:tanlH
L:A-K
P: B _K
N:F*2K
E : D -A _B
F :YE'+ E
zc
Exornple No. I
B:
3.414
2.828
0.828
t+A--E
l.-s1
Eromple No.
E:D_A-B
F:2N_C
e :11o"+
$:
tan
r'
zH
K:14c
Exomple No.
E=D-A-B
e -tVl-lT"
"
=
stn
ltJ
z,
tso
x
x
^R
9.425
x R +27
9-Given A,
B, C' D,
:llK'-n,
{:sinzN
lP :90" *
to:r4tP
ZH
- tN
S:tanlOxR
lO-Givan A, B, C, D,
otf
l2-Given A,
P:2D
C:A-2R
n _tl,op,, r--, E:D-n
F :2E
tH:tltc
K=rantHxR
v =A-K
\. _ R .K
':-"-
Erornple No.
Exomple No.
C:%B
D=R+C
E = A -2R
F =l/D'+E'
C/2R:
sin
tG
lH:90'+ lG
lK = 180'-2 tG
l3-Given A,
EiF = sin lG
H =%F
x = 1ln-'
K/H : sin lL
n'
B,
tJ[:tG-tL
lN = r80'+2lM
t?==s2o; +
trI
313
Exomple No.
D:B-C
F =ll
I
Ii =
H:
--l
aA
Sln
Exomole No.
l--Given A, B, C, R
zr
F
lS: tP * tG
tK : 9O"
- tS
tL : t4 tS_
M = rar] lL xt(
N:H+M
O:B_C-M
= stn
E,
Zu
llr;-
n'
4-Givsn A,
xonple No.
2--Given A, B, C,
N
fxomple No.
D: B -C
E:A -R
F
:lo,
+ o'
F=s:nz\l
H
lr'- n'
D:B -C
E:la'+a
A
E --'-'
-A
:y
S-Given A,
(2R)"
R
(1
- B'
lp:
sin
tD
7:sinlP
t8:zP+tG
lS
lK:9O'
lL : 1/2 lSM=tanlLY,R
N:H+M _M
O :B -C
D:B-C
B =2R
B, C'
A, B, C,
fxomole No.
C:thB
D: t4A
tG:%tF
H:tanlGxR
P :C -H
E --'--
E:IC'+ U
Exomple No.
=D
6-Given A,
=%E
lH:90" - tF
A, + R1
-'
4A
| _ rtl
Z-Given A, B, C, D,
G/H:sinlK
-A-B
F:R-C
t':lzH
G:n+F
H=lE+ G" rI:V L'-R'
IIlL=sintN
to :90' - tK , t\
7p =/2 tO
S:tan IPXR
12
Allowable Pipe Span trlormulas and Tables
^M
-Z
WL'
42
'=!@
Mean=
M:vz(Y.y-)
A safety factor of 1.25 is required because of the discrepancy between theoretical assumption ald the actual
field situation.
M:wL'xl
124
5 WL2
48
wL4
I28EI
13.5WL4
M =-
5WI
48
60
wL,
5 WL2
48
l3.5WL4
EI
EI
(Text continued on Dase 3:0
314
a
Allowable Pipe Span Formulas and
Tables
Fixed Ends
simply Supported
frrnT
1_,-N
Load
I
Shear
t
uoment
2-l
z-l--
uJf
Fixed Ends
Simply Supporled
WL
.,
V =-
.,
"-
"'-=Y
rvrl -
,., -
WL
2
WL,
;;
by figuring the
and
a uniformly
both
ends
at
supported
mean between a uniformly loaded beam
loaded beam with both ends {ixed.
r,
Fixed Ends
Simply Supported
5WL4
WL4
384E1
384E1
Mean: =
A1 +A2
3WL4
384E1
WL4
128E1
by figuring
and a uniboth
ends
al
supported
the mean between a unitormly loaded beam
fixed.
formlv loaded beam with both ends
315
316
(L =
No Insulation
7,650 psi)
(f. =
6,175 psi)
Maximum
'
Tabte 12-2
Piping Spans Based on the Following Stainless Steel Pipe Materials: Seamless A312
Tp316, Ag12
TP317, 4430 FP316H, A376 TP317
>200"F with Warer, No Insutarion
(L =
Pipe
Size
'
SCH.
9,375 psi)
Maximum
Span
(L =
8,550 psi)
Maximum
Span
Recommended
Tables
Table 12-3
TP304L' A312
Piping spans Based on the Following stainless steel Pipe Materials: seamless A213
FP304H
A430
TP304,
A376
TP3o4L,
201.F-600.F with commodity
(r3
5'800 ps4
Becommended
Maximum
'
Table 12-4
piping Spans Based on the Following Stainless Steel Pipe Materials: Seamless A213 TP304L' A312
TP3O4L
>2Oo"F with W.ler, No Insulaiion
(1, = 7,650 Psi)
Maximum
Span
'
Becommended
{L =
a,500 Psi)
Maximum
Span
Recommended
317
318
(L =
No Insulation
4,ooo psi)
Maximum
[. =
Recommended
Maximum
Table 12-6
Piping spans Based on the Following Aluminum pipe Material: seamless B24l Gr.3oo3 H112
>200'F wlth Wbter, No Insutation
(1. = 4,000 psi)
Maximum
Recommended
(r. =
1,7s0 psl)
Maximum
Recommended
Tables
319
Table 12-7
PipingspansBasedontheFo||owingA|uminumPip"M"tg'iM
>2oooF with water, No Insulation
(1. = 3,000 Psi)
Pipe
Size
'
scH,
Recommended
SPan
Maximum
Span
Maximum
Span
Table 12-8
8235
Piping spans Based on the Following Aluminum Pipe Materials: seamless B21O' 9'234' and
H18
Gr.
3003
Gr. 6061 T4, 8241
>200'F with Waler, No Insulatlon
(1. = 4,500 psi)
Maximum
'
Recommenaled
Maximum
Becommended
320
(l =
tot
1,500 psi)
Maximum
u:o'o:offn
il.
""""oditv
Fecommended
:
:
W:
where SB
L
E
I
Z
f
:
:
:
:
4i EIA
Y 13.5W
de_
0.004v,
w_
where
t44
P:
C":
D:
W:
More tables have been developed according to wind velocity in miles/hr, wind pressure lb/ft2, wilh reference to a
pipe outside diameter. These tables are very usefirl for
computer data input to model uniform wind load on pip-
ins.
Table 12-12
Shape Factors
Table 12-10
Shape
Less than
Calm
Ito
Light wind
Cylinder
8to12
Gentle wind
Moderate wind
Fresh wind
Strong wind
Gale
Whole gale
Hurricane
Factor
General Use
13 to 18
19 to 24
zf, to J6
Octagon
Sphere
Flat
39 ts 54
55 to 75
Above 75
0.6
Tbnks
0.60
Open signs
Solid signs
Closed buildings, framing, and
com. parts
Frames, open-type structure
1.60
0.80
1.40
1.30
Table 12-11
Pressure per Sq Ft on a Flat Surface Normal to the
Direction of the Wlnd
Corespondlng
Pressule
Velocity
(miles/hr)
(lbflrl
To
10
0.4
Gende wind
20
1.6
30
3.6
Fresh wind
Strong wind
40
6.4
)U
10.0
60
t4.4
80
100
25.6
40.0
Gale
Gale
Whole gale
Hurricane
Violent hurricanes
322
t5
rb/tt2
lil
il
40
45
50
55
9l
to0
105
lt2
117
85
.r4
.2t
.19
.24
.29
,29
.35
.43
.51
.25
.31
.41
.50
.58
.37
.,t5
.56
.65
.75
.69
.81
.68
.42
.89
.4r
rl5
.55
8.625
r0.750
.67
.89
12.7 50
,79
t.06
I4
35
80
4.500
5.525
30
7!
es,/ti R
2.375
4.0
20
l.tl
.39
.49
.58
.55
.83
.84
.93
.92
1.04
1 t5
L.27
.96
1.10
1.23
1,38
1.51
r.0?
1.25
I.44
I.61
1.34
1.56
2,r2
t.38
1.32
2.01
.47 r -15
1.45
1.75
2.04
2.3
2.61
1.00 r.33
1.66
2.00
2.3
2.67
2,99
l8
t.r2
1.87
3.35
20
t.25
22
r,37 1.83
24
1.50 1.99
t,62
1.4
2a
r.7
30
r.87 2.49
2.62
3.00
2,50
2,9I
3.34
2.75
3.20
2.49
3.00
3.45
4.00
2.70
3.25
1.79
4,34
4.85
2.9t
3.50
4.0
4.61
.12
4.75
4.31
s.01
5.3
2.08
2.13
2.00 2.56
3.32
4.00
4.66
34
2.t2 2,83
3.53
4.25
4.95
35
2.25
2,99
3.7
'1.50
5.21
38
2.17
3.r6
3.95
4.75
40
2.50
3.33
4.16
5.00
12
2.62
3.49
{.35
5.25
44
2,75
3.56
46
2.al 3.83
t ,74
48
3.0 0
3.99
4.99
50
3.r2
.16
5.20
5.40
I.9l
2.39
1.46
2,92
2.9r
4 -1,2
a,16
4.58
rt
4.58
5.0r1
4.48
4.99
5.45
5.45
5.9S
4.
6.41
5.51
5.8?
5.9 8
6.65
7.33
6.35
7 -08
7 .7A
5.0I
6.?3
7,49
8,24
-34
7.10
7.91
8.?0
6.68
7,48
8.3 3
9.15
8.?4
9.62
5.83
.9t
.01
7.85
6.4I
7.34
8.22
9.r5 10.0I
5,75
6.70
7.68
8.60
9.58 10.s3
6.0
6.99
8.01
s.97
9.99 l0 .99
6.25
7 .29
8,35
9.35
10.41 I1.45
8.68
9.t2
10.83
,57
4.33
.80
.71
rl.9I
5{
3.37
4.49
s.6t
6.75
55
3,50
4.66
5.82
?.00
8.
58
3,52
4.83
1.25
60
3,75
6.24
7.50
4.14
10.02 Ll.22
t2.49
1.3
3.87
5.16
.44
7.75
9.03
10.35
tr.59
12.9t
14.20
.99
54
4.00
5.33
6.5
56
4.12
5.49
5.
9.01 10.09
1t.24 \2.X7
r5
9.3 5 10.47
1r.66 !2.42
4.45
9.58 10.84
12.08 13.28
.87
.008
10.68 1r.95
g5
8.25
1I.02 12,34
.7 4
14.66
13.74
15.12
Table 12'13
Uniform Wind Loads (lb/ln.)
.59
1.02
.9{
4.00
/t.500
5
1.00
l.l2
8.625
r0.750
I4
18
20
1.08
2.15
2.58
1.3r
1.2r
t,?
"525
.79
.84
1.09
l.16
r.23
r..25
1.33
r.
.54
1.40
2.69
2.33
2.34
2,47
3.05
2.91
3.45
1.33
/t.50
4.8?
5.00
5.41
1.3I
r./15
2.14
1.78
r.87
2.62
2.76
3.41
3,59
4.03
t.25
t.17
4.78
5.02
3.99
1.21
l.5r
1.37
.4.56
{.95
1.65
5.00
5.33
5.83
6.25
?.08
8,25
8.?0
9.00
9.49
9.20
9.7 5
10.29
9.91
10.50
r1.08
t.08
4.00
.98
1.66
1.49
2.20
.94
r.50
!11
3.80
3.50
.89
5.54
5.00
5.99
22
5.50
5.95
6.41
.87
7.79
21
6.00
5.49
7 .OO
?.50
8.49
25
6.50
8.56
?.54
7.58
8.15
?.91
10.83
2S
7.00
30
?.50
32
8.00
r0.00
r0.56
11.33
8,50
r0.62
11.33
12.03
13.45
r4.16
L2.7 4
L1.24
15.0
15.04
15.83
34
36
40
9.00
10.0
9.99
9.20
4
10.50
r0.29
II.OE
9.7
10.83
L2.23
a2
ta
II.O
12.45
45
!t5
14.00
r2.0
12.5
13.54
13,0
t{.08
5a
r3.tl
L4.62
15.75
15.70
16.9t
54
t5,0
12.00
13.45
14.25
13.3
1{.1
rt.00
13.12
13.99
14.87
13.75
t{.66
15.00
16.5
17.4I
r8.20
19.16
16,99
r 8.00
18.99
20,00
17.?0
18.?
19.79
20.83
16.25
17.33
t8.al r9.50
20.58
16.87
17.99
19.12
20.25
2!.37
17.50
18.56
r9.82
21.00
r 8,75
15.78
19.37
20.55
17.33
20.00
20.52
2L.21
2a.!.6
22,50
23 .7 4
25.00
23.25
24.53
25.83
25.66
24.00
23.27
22.50
23.22
2L.75
18.12
\5.24
17.50
15.28
14.37
19.99
!7 .A7
rt .8?
12,50
r1.87
14.58
14.0
50
11.99
10.5
24.75
25.L2
27.50
13
Pipe Support Selection and Design
Pipe Supports
t
Because piping is aflected by thermal expansion. supports in a piping system move thermally in different directions. Weight is supported by two kinds of supports-rigid
and flexible.
Spring Supports
The types of springs offered for industrial support applications can be segregated into three classifications:
are the springs most commonly used in the
petrochemical industry for supporting loads. They are
used almost exclusively in the construction of pre-engineered and calibrated variable- and constant-support
spring hangers. They are also used in less expensrve
forms in the construction of hold downs, field supports,
and vibration dampeners.
c Disc spings (BeIlviIIe springs) are seldom used in the
construction of variable- or constant-support spring
hansers, but are available if desired when space limita-
o CoiI spings
324
"'l
.,|
",1
\tf\ET
"
,
'S+
!4
F.l
t6 t
HI
o.l
FI
-.ll
tlsstA
trTli
|t /
ill
$
tl
Ie
ol
;l
ll.l
tl
u_!J
lP
l+
I
_l
r.
fl
o RI
c)l
.{l
.i
Design
oo-
6
o
l
o
(9
.9
lt
325
326
Type A
Typr A
Typo B
!t
T=
,t
.d\
V
i|fr
l|\
Typc C
fi
Typr
How
It will be noted
load mnge.
Trovol Stop:
lrrtr-l
PICCEI
lrnev:L
i LrIrTl
sroP
PtEqg
Typr F
Typc
Wirh Roller
L--,1
rH
Type E
Typr
Figu.e 13-2. variable supports. (courtesy support rechnology and piping Technology products,
Inc_)
negligible.
Constant-support spring hangers are considerably more
expensive than variables and are therefore used sparingly.
They are used in conjunction with large deflections where
variability becomes a problem, large loads where erren
small variabilities are a problem, and at strain-sensitive
equipment. (See Figure 13-3.)
Manufacturers offer a wide variety of load ranges, deflection ranges, and frames for their constant-support
springs. Loading tables given in Thbles 13-1 through 13-5
and in Figures 13-3 through 13-6, generally are the same
for all the manufacturers, but dimensions are different and
should be obtained from each manufacturer. (See Figure
13-7 for typical arangements of constant supports.)'
Travel Stops
All
Design
327
Standard Hangets
Load-travel data, physical design features, and dimensions are shown on the following pages, for convenience
in selecting the proper type and size hangers for any specific requirement. Since the load-supporting capacity of a
given size is inversely proportional to the travel function,
excessive overfavel when specified may require a larger
and more costly hanger size than actually needed.
324
site
I
6
hir
21/.
sp.in, S.dl.
Courtes! of Support Technolog, Products, Inc., and Piping Technolog)t Products, Inc.
il'
Figure 2680
TY PE -8.
TYPE-A
329
TYPE-C
ha|t9al
!12a
load
tb
20
3'o
00
124
v,
c
713
tu9
cadn0
crdng
thd
lgth
holc
lengtn
dlan
3l2a
v2
th
813/rs
gqa
5
27
29
Vr
950
1Ol/s
1235
3/t
12Vs
62
t/.
1615
1\h
11/1
79
1Vs
th
a4
100
124
11h
lU!
1V2
154
14t
5130
16o 7125
170 q5fl0
18o 12645
19o 1680s
200 22325
21o 29688
19591
l.ngth
lt
tht
1Y2
101/rs
1013/re
1Ua
7h
1V2
301
3,18
2U1
456
528
684
21/,
2!e
1Ya
I
I
t0
10
11
2%
27/a
3Ys
9154e
1oe/r o
85/6
8%
8%
131/ro
131316
1/a
1U4
t/s
V4
1V2
121/^
11/a
7/e
V4
125h
1313/,e
14s/ro
1sYa
11/2
1Ua
121/B
15
11/2
12
13%
1Ua
1st/g
16%
11/2
137/s
14rh
167/a
'|
11/2
14V2
11/4
1U4
1V2
1Sla
1U4
11/^
16la
17Y2
18Ya
''|
147/a
1Ya
15%
177e
15%s
11/2
187/rs
1V2
2171rc
187ls
11/2
1515he
1815/rs
181s/rs
qa
2131le
2471rc
23111le
261s/ro
tt
tt
19t
3
2V2
2811rc
3
3
4
41/2
313i ro
23tr
129a
4Y2
35rrAa
265/r s
12qa
1zEa
41/2
3813/rs
45r1/16
2U,
U1
263lta
as's
12Ve
12Ya
2Vt
2Y.
115/,0
,2
1rb
1/2
2011ha 2
2315h6 2Y2
't%
181/a
32%
1V2
1V2
18V^
115
7/a
1lz
ash
1sqa
161/rs
10,/rs
Va
11/4
!,t
13Ys
13U1
lk
x
mtn
lUr
,lr
6%
6%
8%
8%
8%
ask
1l/a
lenglh
nelS
1013/rs
115/rs
1O1/.
2850
15o
ptn
ash
146 3aoo
13o
ihlck-
d.plrr
opn|n9
Ss/r s
Ya
120 2134
d6vl3
pln9
5s/rs
5
5
l5
61
snrF
ol
't1h
8s/,e
loedod
h.i9hl
thrlrd
V2
14
399
532
R.H.
V2
166
29C
1lo
tb
't
4o
6o
7g
80
9o
10o
alza
0o
1o
PFO
6rn
rd
187ll.^
2#l'a
C^
26rri,e
27/s
Ya
31h
33h
le
28sh6 31r46
311'/re 3431rc
363/,c
3811/,4
3%
395/15
4113/r o
37/a
463/rs
48rr/16
Figure 13, Spring supports. (Courtesy Support Technology Products, Inc. and Piping Technology Products, Inc')
330
TYPE-D
Figure 2680
TYPT-T
EJ
TY PE-F
--,
c=_:
.-- rl
Type D spring permits adjustment from the top, by lurning lhe nuls on the hanger rod against a piece ot
tubing. The tubing is securely welded to the spring cap. Type D spring is set above the supporting steet_
Type E permits rod adjustment from either above or below the spring.
Type F spring assembly is designed to suppofi piping lrom below, direclly lrom the tloor
Adjustment is made by inserting a bar into holes in the load column. and turning the load column as a jack
screw The base plate is welded to the case and has lour holes for fastening.
type F
csBlng
Lnglh
a
0o
6r1/,0
cr3lng
!hipplng
l.ngth
K
10
9'3/,6
3Vs
8s/,a
50
8%
3Ys
5s/16
5s/,6
60
80
5/s
90
tto
7h
813/,6
6%
11/2
6s/s
1Y2
1O1/a
67a
-lY2
101h
8s
9'si,^
150
160
8%
1t/a
12'h6
131r/i6
15rr/rs
13v4
13Y.
'|
I37s
13'/16
8%
8
2Y2
16Ya
2Y)
8%
a%
169r
31/2
19'/i6
21VE
1qa
181/6
85/s
1AY6
12Ya
21A
201h
235h
124b
23%
123/a
5e/,s
265h
123/4
61/t
295/,6
32
1211$
137/,0
16th
107l*
155h
12151,^
21Vs
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
AY.
AY.
eY.
t{
Y.
a%
Y.
U.
Y.
Y.
1orh
Y.
+t
107
101
Y.
13//s
+t
AY.
I
1(F/16
16}t
161{
10'
13Y2
131/.
121/B
14Ya
1@/16
18%
14rr/16
16!r^
13U.
13U.
13U.
1@1.
16V2
1@/'6
1G/r6
15%
16h
15r^6
171116
179!
19%
13Y.
13Y.
25%
197/,n
2t,t,e
131/.
25r1/,5
191^6
2151'6
21\lt6
17Y.
197a
2gqe
3231,a
35e/i
295116
127e
lG6
17U.
15,1/.
17U.
159t
15Y.
l7U.
17U.
10'/!6
1g/.
6,a
161,
r
6V16
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U2
8U.
a%
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aU.
Y.
Y2
AY.
v,
AY.
16'4
aU.
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16Y2
\,
A1/.
Y2
AY.
,2
AY.
tt
12\t
7l
12y2
Y.
td
't2h
12V2
-2
3i3
5U.
1Ak
1V,
15r3/,6
183/a
tt
AY.
71h
21h
21/a
121/a
111/e
18o
190
21/2
101/a
1431a
fian96
7r.
3
3
131k
151h
bolta
7Y2
131/a
170
200
21o
220
10'5/,6
9s/16
141/a
8%
16th6
7
7
8%
13y4
7Vz
123/a
10,/15
131/4
1251o
13
1j/a
9Ya
'l2Ys
100
8is/,s
11r/i6
nrng.
nan9.
7|h
7\k
1211h6
107h6
11/a
nrngo
9r^6
thlck-
fr6n9.
ranglh
.l
1011/ro
20
3o
120
130
140
lenglh
h.ighl
tt
12\t
i80
Figure 2680
ROO
SrZ A',
--
N\
-c
Type G trapeze type spring assemb,y is formed by welding lwo standard spring assemblies to the ends of
a pair ot channels. Type G assembly is especially adaptable tor use where headroom is limited, lo avoid
interference, or lo accommodate unusually heavy loads.
The assembly can be furnished wiih center to center dimensions, as specified by purchaser. When ordering Type G, divlde the total pipe load in half to select the proper spring size. Ihe travel range of the springs
remain unchanged-
r
F
hanger
.alod
load
(appror)
!tza
tb
each, lb
0o
138
1o
200
20
3o
40
5o
6o
256
70
8o
9o
10o
110
12o
130
140
150
160
170
18o
190
200
21o
22o
rod
caslng
lenglh
79142
min thread
cngegornonr
channtla
V2
6rr/re
1/z
Y2
38
39
63
8s/'"
4
4
4
,b
Ya
Ya
5e/ro
7151rc
3/a
V2
a5h
Ya
sh
5k
813/15
6s/a
2
2
th
7/o
1U.
3
3
3
7/e
123
la
107/a
8E4
137
Ua
'lzYs
87a
125
't37
175
1/g
1
10,/re
1Ya
131/s
183
1Va
13Y4
224
270
326
630
1U4
13/a
8%
8%
11/g
11/z
161/re
gVa
231rc
2Va
13/a
lAYs
Bsh
271rc
21/e
91s/rs
18Y.
2U4
20
2V,
2316
at6
Ya
10v4
11/re
lt
1
6%
6%
V2
1V2
Ya
Y2
1V2
1Y2
5h
1/a
1b
933
1137
1436
28
29
30
v2
446
598
798
1064
1426
1900
2470
3230
4276
5700
7600
'| 0260
14250
19000
25290
33610
44650
caslng
dlamater
1Ya
11/a
11/4
1Y2
t/a
11/2
12Ya
12Ea
2651rc
12/a
12!a
32%
1zCa
1lz
2
2131rc
2%
3r^6
2sh
3s/rs
27/a
3e/'a
3rr/ro
3Vs
31t
3il
332
Figure 980
TY PE-B
TYPE-C
--I-
RiS
rElh r
rll
stzE'A'
Type A springs are furnished with a threaded bushing in the top plate, providing for a sjmple rod attachment for the uDoer connection.
Type B and C springs are unfurnished with one or two iugs as shown, welded to the top cap of spring.
These types are designed for use where headroom is limited, as these springs can be attached direc y to
building steel by a pair of angles, eye rod or a single plate.
rypr
B
Aa,c
o,Ec
oo
lo
20
30
40
].t
lt
tt
+t
170
,h
U.
lu.
rh
U.
tY.
r6lt
5r/rr
th
th
llt
ld'/rr
6tr
18tl
651
i9.
lh
lh
th
6tt
2Al
851
r8U.
a9i
lr
lgrt
811
1Y.
2411
8tl
8tl
1}|
24h
1U.
25Y.
6l
th
'lx
81r
8St
131
,A
ltt
t40 ltl
150
160
1Y.
149t
1srh
llt
18,o 2
190 2Y.
no
2U
21o
2*
220 3
4h
't
1lt
lt
llt
2
37U.
41U.
12Y.
2L
4h
l'h
1?g.
lg.
Y.
1Y.
1Y.
,h
'lY.
ri
'|
2rr
3lt
th
3tt
13
t3
20
255^.
197/l
t5
15
2O.l$
2*h. r stt
l7+f
19
22tl$
16?h
1At/.
23
25
1AU.
20L
26rt
't81r
*f
21
20"'
25tr
?31h
2a%
m'l16
21V.
261n
73th
2A?h
2-lU.
211he 26r/'e
23Y.
A.h.
yr
2631rr
315/r6
a\
38
46
21
39
6l
69
72
58
t(X
9a
?f''ltr 2Ahl
149
147
342
t8a
27
1|:|4
273
544
3|14
38lt
381r
,1t
311rr 33pir
37tr 42y
37.ht 12'l|.
46'r/,r
1aV.
SiVr 3Flr
25S
n3
34th. 3rA!
482
570
147
772
693
57,t
2.1
t29
t37
U.
7111L
140
189
En.
127
'187
213
285
8Y.
3tr
126
134
171
174
8Y.
67
't(B
124
94
134
5t
57
87
28'lr
43
2
37
45
49
39
33
37
39Y.
$
1
t9
171.1
8%
t{
2h
'tl
15'V,l
2.t$ 2Vlft
.
{ch
D,E
16U.
t43
r58
204
tt
*t
23\'l
La.c
'tl
14Y.
23.h
l8%
21'lr.
tl
s
1
aw
1k
2111$ 18u/r6
18'/,r ?35
Y.
2h
2h
a
0r
,^
2tt
1g
1U.
1U.
1V.
1Y.
161/,3
15..
th 1tl
th
lx
3(|lt
1Y.
1U.
is3
(rppror) lb,
tP.
a,c
l1
81i
100
lhlct
th
th
th
?0'h.
1lo
hg
a
,^
15Y.
6o
70
80
9o
r.ltht
Llgll
H
12rl
t4
5O
120
't3 0
||,!
A, C
\l
520
594
n7
3o:l
936
I
l7t
1573
51l,t
9r0
015
842
196
64
210
t1t0
1154
2506
Figure 13-4, Spring supports. (Courtesy Support Technology Products, Inc. and Piping Technology Products,
Inc.)
Figure 980
***-ffj
___l_
T-ffi-r
I FC-t
I
xllE
llrll
Ll-l-L---i
TYPE-D
TY
T YPE -G
TYPE-F
PE-I
0o
'lo
20
30
10
50
80
70
19%
2.Y.
1Y.
1U.
1Y.
2OY.
1U.
22
23v.
1Y.
21lt
23\'tr th
25Y.
80
5h
5\t
5\t
1Y.
5h
29h
25Y.
120
27Y.
32Y.
130
140
150
1.900
AYa
tl
1.9m
1.9m
7V2
8Y.
Y.
vh
a%
71h
AY.
7Vr
1\'
90
100
th
Yr
7
7
8Y.
7'h
7V2
1oth
107h
1Ot/.
13U
16V,
13rl
16v.
stt
2h
2h
13%
13'
13U.
10e/,.
16v2
l0'/,.
16Y.
16v,
16v,
13u.
3S'
70
13h
5v,
13U
160
190
48tl
l5Y.
5ra
'|
200
210
220
35'1.
m+t
13%
Y.
,l
ti
li
3.50
3.50
3.50
53/r.
9Vt
8U.
8u.
v.
1Y.
1Y.
1U.
4.50
4.50
aU.
9U.
h
h
th
th
4.50
AV.
4.50
4.50
4.50
a%
2Vr
al
12/t
17v.
l5V.
llUa
5?r
22
U.
It
2h
8Vt
5.563
5.56:]
51{
2\l
5.563
6Y.
l2v.
{
4
lVa
AY.
lsya
5!t
4.50
5 563
1th
V.
12v.
12v.
12v,
sV,r
I
I
4.50
4.50
qt
'ty'
Ua
Y.
5.563
Y.
Y.
5Y.
5Y.
V.
Ua
th
5U.
15Y.
17Y.
17U.
17U.
6n
lt
lt
16v,
16v.
l0'/t
t60
3Yr
2.875
2.475
2.475
'16Y7
13U.
2Y.
AY.
2'h
3}t
3ti
{
a
1
a
1
333
334
Figure 820
TYPE-A
III'
ROD S|ZE
"A"
TYPE-C
TYPE-B
r-l-t
- --_<,1
__JH
__t
ROD SIZE
"A"
Type A springs are lurnished wilh a threaded bushing in the top plate, providing lor a simple rod attachmenl for the uooer connection.
Type B and C springs qre unlurnished with one or two lugs as shown, welded to the top cap of spring.
These types are designed for use where headroom is limited, as these springs can be attached directly lo
building steel by a pair of angles, eye rod or a single plate.
r.rqhl {lp9ror)
lug
in9
\E,C o,E
00
20
10
10
25
'
27
17
29
t8
31
tl
I
I
t0
19
32
17
t8
45
8V.
8%
19
51
8%
8tk
21
45
12
6r3i
85/,6
1O'/,6
8'/rs
30
5',
6J^G
50
6o
70
6%
7th
80
9o
r00
91/,6
9r/,6
gvz
BV2
10
8Y.
1OV.
9'/r6
10j/,0
11%
130
r5o
16()
3
?
3
3
r90
16
1T
131
14y1
200
127/.
16
16%
18Y.
2O1t$
20
2111
133i,6
23
24!.
13$/i6
1913i,e
2lllt6
26\ t\5
2651'a
6
7
ro
91/?
9'1
171
12rs/,r
26'/,0
2O5116
gv,
1215h6
15?/ro 103^5
15ir/,s 1011$
97/r6
61h
lOYa
12tlt
120
61/2
13r16
105/ro
1to
220
8j/re
s'g/i6
210
..ch
h.bhr
B
A.A,C
180
rb,
29eltt
288/re 30r^6
18
19
33'3/ro 35r/re
22r.
23v.
52
45
41
4a
59
62
43
25
53
68
't6
117
101
08
112
71
134
55
8l
139
71
65
86
88
T7
91
112
zla
256
196
218
210
245
488
539
32()
zi2
314
3o9
318
&7
40r
it13
1006
460
172
m2
Figure 13-5. Spring supports. (Courtesy Support Technology Products, Inc. and Piping Technology Products,
Inc.)
Figure 820
FURNISI]ED
LENGTH TO SUIT
CUSTOMER
TYPE-E
TYPE.t)
r-r--
--
ROD SIZE
\\\
INDICATOF
00
10
20
30
40
7v,
7
7
7
AYa
7Ya
9Yt
ala
1 900
2.475
2.875
2 475
AYa
50
70
80
90
1Ot/r
I
I
1oth
1O7/.
13Y.
13%
16v2
13%
161/,
120
13V.
16V.
130
13%
16V,
13U.
16Y2
16Y2
't6Vz
100
110
13%
13V.
5
25
16V,
3i3/,e
3r3^6
1.9m
8%
50
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
2.O
1.9m
YB
16v2
l5Y.
22
17U
15Y.
15V.
22
22
17Y.
17Y.
157.
t 5Y.
22
22
v,
3.50
3.50
3.50
5%
5%
5Va
65/,6
4.50
4.50
4.50
41.,a
2
2
2
2
S1/.
1Y.
1V.
2
2
4.5!o
8%
1V,
4.50
1V.
3
4.fi
8V.
a%
1Y2
450
aV.
21h
4.50
4.50
8%
8th
2v.
2
2
5.563
5 563
5.563
8Va
v,
214
12V2
2%
121h
2rt
121h
27/.
12V,
12V.
3th
3%
v,
335
336
2Il2"8H
SERVICE: Recommended for light loads where vertiCal movement does not exceed 1% inches.
APPROVALS: Compties with Federal Soecification
WW-H-171D (Type a9) and Manufacturers Standardization Society SP-69 (Type 4B).
INSTALLATION: Designed tor attachment to its supporting member by screwing a rod into the top cap of
the hanger the full depth of the caD.
THO,
4'FN. TIiD
DIMENSION5 IN INCHES
Sl1in e
No.
%
l)
Def
6/,
6'/.
l'/1
7)/.
t1
81"
6'/^
I0'/s
Lood
1,/,
2
V/"
Spr in o
Defle
oio
w
n
sighr
Lbs.
per 100
52
26
160
266
66
87
152
00
200
238
287
350
680
600
210
982
5
3',/,
6t/,
ledion
,4
Figure 1$6. Spring supports. (Courtesy Support Technology Products, Inc. and Piping Technology Products,
Inc.)
L.
T
+
----'l
.[w7-.,
-es.;-
Figure 13-7. Typical arrangements oi constant supports. (Courtesy of Elcen Metal Products Company.)
340
mn0aa
trzc
65
aV.
19225
201m
17049
17866
22064
19615
61h
7V2
1l431
10986
53AO
13982
16080
!4618
2816
13400
I1486
17654
16049
14711
12370
13580
10253
10720
12610
aY.
9613
10050
r 1094
9047
9459
10385
8544
8SKl3
th
10
10v,
l1
8094
8463
7drc
73?3
6990
8040
7657
7308
6991
a8c7
9613
8406
aa4
7675
9r 54
8738
9454
1004
&359
24@3
21362
1926
17
474
16021
14790
1310
10681
26000
z]111
20s0
18909
17333
16m0
12417
13866
r2016
6a
13733
14a57
9291
'10119
13@O
12234
11555
10947
10400
9904
27635
29268
24564
1UA
1mo7
15792
1300s
1282
11635
18011
16725
13n3
13m8
12323
30$0
274ffi
2A73 20599
19016
17657
14542
13733
13010
32835
34764
29186
30s04
26268
21889
2@O7
21396
18763
19468
17512
18542
1ge
14593
1/384
1636Q
15452
3825
14639
13134
27414
23880
25286
14634
15450
16418
11054
11707
12360
1627
19511
1473a
15609
164a0
13818
21246
7l
2210a
23414
24720
2098
70
29360
26691
2446'6
74
75
36700
26015
p&2
43000
3/.49
363ss
34272
7a
45335
&297
76
38800
40900
47ef8
&
81
8il
06
42371
50(100
31040
32720
344@
28214
23746
31273
36268
3297 r
12f2
13344
t2764
12?63
14780
14r08
r3495
r2gt3
100rts
11588
17271
16311
15452
19400
r8259
17244
16336
15520
20450
19248
18r 78
172.1
18380
15580
14471
14,25
'r3d,3
2&3
215m
18105
17?@
22864
198
18134
1a955
15788
27Ag
?3B4
2432
20149
21185
15635
1484
2K]35
24174
25422
16380
17269
l,lSilt
27899
20236
213ii5
19111
{22
?3372
24572
25906
21813
28666
25170
26462
a)070
1967
18t58
r65fg
25m0
m22
21052
20@0
r9046
27g,9 26250
23530
24707
17332
18r80
233:13
2105
21(!0
'|
19049
18:lO
r75aro
mo
98
20951
20000
r{xtg
27266
3a134
34668
317/9
40000
36364
33332
gT70
23572
30000
2666
i
t5Et
15ll
ZJSO
46666
42m0
38182
35mO
48888
44@0
40000
3666 5
3447
3t429
29333
27gO
2s883
24444
23157
32858
30666
24750
270f0
25555
2300
21903
209)7
21500
n427
22361
24950
23816
r9129
20@0
21390
22741
46000
41819
3a332
353a6
49200
409S8
32799
30750
ng2
27333
4i1665
37g47
40309
35144
52400
44728
47!7
37 429
3492
32750
30@4
29111
24210
25494
27574
55400
5G64
46165
426t6
39572
3@32
34625
32589
30777
2915|
27t@
26079
25179
24085
44921
47?32
41715
38032
385m
34354
32444
2C200
.278o7
265,
253S
230P
2/BiP
858
409]2
38375
3t1l r
s700
99236
2796
26894
25562
fi771
47144
43999
4125n
36119
3425
30736
32315
36666
3478
31426
35045
29997
286S4
319S
3o$5
35011
5S8C
38345
5749
10416
44135
AE
550m
51165
54990
am
20500
21B2
61331
56617
52572
4965
4600
43295
46aA
67164
73500
62m2
57573
53732
5G75
47413
44777
3g/36
424m
33otx)
3800
10300
6784 8
58799
55125
51884
49O0
&20
44100
4ts5
80830
74617
63@ I
6S287
33451
36633
40087
4t665
80625
57060
53848
51051
4500
46187
4467
58848
56788
53000
48177
61344
63888
58156
60525
50472
52615
fi222
42t71
4G4
4@r0
50000
47315
628q|
54313
5't 953
49700
7?943
68888
65261
9757
56$0
5943
52m8
66388
56358
53909
51666
75884
71666
74444
57500
59750
620@
64500
61423
58G31
56003
5374t
67000
6S500
63804
m96 ws1
720m
64566
87500
81540
75716
78930
70665
73665
66250
6q)53
96
a2145
71a75
97
&5360
74688
875m
82665
85998
875&
77500
80625
8i]750
86875
875m
6235s
66@2
67649
70296
78826
81767
84708
87500
110
1$m
12641
18350
44665
107
11939
13244
13940
19573
i5819
600m
i06
12508
20@3
53091
94
11nO
2172
61400
0756
103(n
25a5 m972
584m
9.
921
!t611
10179
10747
a5m0
8o1l
10042
11235
11149
52500
5111
/u,
9043
3299
57500
tt
aaTa
231f7
s8
91
9808
t2
13907
14680
87
90
1769
'fl 1{
v21
70524
38378
4@.0
cx30
Stgla
71351
62604
65430
68250
6ta1,l
743t 1
77265
71c62
dJ122
80946
739
70831
84469
80628
v125
73914
875m
83992
80342
a7446
s3646
770m
m183
875m
86050
830
8@@
73156
75787
83610
47221
79210
75250
71661
43176
65444
68402
82629
785m
74756
67500
86050
81750
n851
87500
850@
87500
66185
64708
Design
Table 13-5
Load Table for Constant Spting Supports
(lb for total travel in in.)
load In pound3 ior
nangJ
aLa
no.
l2V.
13v2
14
14Ya
't5
5696
5492
5303
5126
4961
4a06
42
5544
5359
518 7
5025
1SV2
16
64
6152
5915
65
6432
6184
66
7062
67$
6538
6304
6087
5884
5694
5617
67
7@0
7394
7120
6966
6629
6408
620 r
m0a
6a
8320
sm
7m3
7428
7172
6933
6709
65@
8843
8503
8188
7895
7623
7365)
7131
6909
9005
8671
8361
8073
7804
7552
7317
a
m
57
lotll tievol
15Y2
In
inchc
17
llth
t8
1AV2
le
19h
71
9888
9507
9155
8428
8523
8239
7973
n25
72
10507
10103
9724
cts
9057
8755
4473
82G
73
11126
10697
10301
9932
9590
9270
8971
8692
74
11714
t292
r0873
10484
10123
9786
9470
9175
12416
1r
ct8
11496
11084
10703
10346
10012
9700
76
1$88
12544
12118
11584
11282
10906
10554
10225
77
!3760
13230
12740
1224
11861
1466
11096
10750
78
14507
1399
13432
12951
12505
12088
11698
|l34
79
15254
r4666
4123
13618
13149
12710
12300
11917
&)
16000
1534
14814
fi24
13792
12902
125.O
81
16m0
r6153
15555
14S8
14482
14m0
1354 7
13125
8it
't7o0
'16922
16295
15712
15171
1465s
14r92
13750
83
18400
17602
17(B6
16427
15861
15332
14lX)7
14375
19680
18522
142.1
1756S
16364
16398
15859
r5375
20960
20153
19406
1A712
18068
17465
16902
16375
86
22160
213o7
m517
19783
19102
18465
17869
173r3
87
23:t60
?2461
21628
20855
20't36
19465
18A37
18250
88
24560
23614
2739
21C26
21171
20465
't9805
19188
89
25384
2757
219e8
21288
20625
23o7
24413
2725a
23569
26400
29440
26283
25377
24331
23740
23000
g1
3?210
31@0
29&50
a7a2
27791
26864
25998
25188
g2
35280
as22
32665
31496
301r I
29397
28449
27563
3aan0
37g)E
35944
34639
33446
32330
31247
3)313
12!00 40788
39257
37853
$549
3530
34t90
33125
321 19
31175
3@45
29442
2fl647
27494
27179
26500
442@
42494
40g24
39460
381m
36830
35642
34531
33482
32498
31570
30691
29863
29078
28332
27625
4amo
44ZiO
42590
41067
39652
38330
3703
35938
34445
32856
31941
31080
30262
29486
?750
47800
,r5960
44257
42873
41204
39829
39545
37344
35209
43822
35r 45
3r'141
3l}191
32295
31448
30640
?3875
4SOO
47690
45023
4428[
42755
41329
4m00
38750
37572
36468
35/27
34441
33511
32631
31794
310m
99
51600
49613
47n5
46066
44479
429S6
41609
40313
39087
37939
36855
3584t0
3/,862
3:}946
33076
32250
tm
$6m
51536
49627
47451
46203
44662
43221
41A75
406m
39r09
38284
37219
36214
35a62
34358
335m
s
91
95
98
tol
55800
53459
51479
49637
47927
46329
44434
43434
42117
40880
39712
34607
37565
36578
35640
34750
102
57600
56382
5330
5142 4S51
47995
4&47
450m
4S32
42350
41141
39996
38916
37894
36922
38000
1(x,
802m
5788e
55738
53744
51892
50r 62
44544
47031
456(P
44262
429S
41801
40673
39604
3858
37625
104
62800
60382
58
54r 34
52324
50640
49063
47571
$174
44455
43607
42429
41315
&255
39250
105
65400
62882
m552
58346
56375
54495
5e737
51094
49541
4085
46712
45412
44196
025
11921
40875
106
68000
65382
62960
60707
58616
56661
54834
53125
51510
5mm
48569
47214
45943
44736
4358
42500
107
700m
6228
657m
63350
5116
59127
572m
55438
53752
52r 73
506a3
49273
47942
46683
454 85
44350
t0a
7"3920
68441
65992
63719
61594
59607
57750
55994
54350
52797
51328
49942
6i]0
47343
a6200
109
70960
7to14
74m0
71255
6530
u127
62059
60125
58297
5459
53439
5200
5030
49331
48rm
1t0
80000
76920
74070
68706
71120
64960
6660
64510
62500
60600
57140
55550
54050
52630
51280
5m00
r45
58820
341
342
Figure 550
VIBRATION COIIIROl
AND SWAY BRACT
rVibration is opposed with an ilstantaneous counter foice bringing the pipe back to normal position.
rA single energr-absorbing pre-loaded spring provides two way action.
design
Figure 13-8, Vibration control and sway braces. (Courtesy Support Technology and Piping Technology
Produc:-.
Inc.)
Fi
pounds
should be selected.
To simplify the selection of size, engineets have designed the vibration control and sway brace in three
sizes that are readily related to nominal pipe size. For
pipe sizes 3%-inch and smaller, the small size is
recommended; for 4 to 8-ioch, the medium size; and
for 10-inch and larger, the large srze.
Instollotion: The vibration control and sway brace is
shipped ready for installation. The rod coupling rotates
with slight resistance and the tension test collar can
be rotated by hand while holding the rod coupling
statiorla!y,
El'lD
PLATE
PLATE
SPR]NG PLATE
rN
SIO
343
-.
SPRING PLATE
,-ROD
COUPLTNG
JAM NIJT,'
E
E
loads
FtG 550
weights
FtG 555
dimensions (inches)
FtG.550
preload
2
3
21o
spring
weight
to
(approx)
each. lb
4to I
50
150
10 to 16
18 to 24
450
900
31/,
5
6
1350
1800
ID
200
600
1800
3600
5400
7200
rod
size,
trkeoul
3ize,
E
'11/z
22
1
36
plpe
11/a
2
2
2
79
95
212
41/z
135/o
14TB
41,'
1
1
3/a
11/2
'|
1Yz
11/2
'lrz
Y2
11/z
6tb
15/B
177/s
185/s
173/4
15/s
22
17
21/a
141.h
21/a
2011
2lt
13/B
23r3/ro
6Ys
1
,1
87/a
13
63/q
lYz
111i2
63/a
112
112
13
15
63/a
11/a
95/a
11/a
r3i, o
FrG. 555
spfing
ror pipe
size
l
2
3
4
5
2lo
4lo
tb
31/2
8
16
10 to
18 to 24
50
150
450
900
1350
1800
A As specified by customer.
pipe
size,
weight
(3ppror,
rod
M,
each, lb
200
600
23
26
11/?
1800
38
3600
5400
7200
1v2
2
2vz
'| Y2
a2
11/2
6s/s
98
1t'2
21/2
1\',2
65/s
3/a
11/a
41i2
3/a
1Y2
65/e
20
24Va
77/a
2O3/a
25
77/a
241/s
283/B
7?/3
2451.o 6s/rs
2513/, o 6'g/,s
2713 rc 6'g/,s
31Ya
33Ls
295/B
g'/a
91/a
11,,
11.,
9Ya
1)ta
93i r6
91si, e
135/,s
12
13lz
15Yz
11/a
1l/a
344
FIG 550 A
**il:"1iu *ll *
FIG 555 A
dimension
i! 2It 0 in
or les!
lt
in, o! lo38,
FIG 555
FIG 55OB
recommended when W dimnson is 2
Il I in.
or rnot
I in.
or more
-r.
PIPE
olAp
tl!alqace
corior oI plpa
noDLnol plpa
drs
rwoy broce
!l:e
2%
3
6%
2
l4
l8
20
24
7
8,,16
sX"
r0%
l0
t2
s%
s%
sr\e
8Xe
3%
4
5
6
lo olltlld6 stud
ol ptD6 cloEp
rr%
t2tlft
r3,\"
I4tXc
rs%
r7%
-a-
Design
used
cations.
lnsulated Anchors
For special designs where it is necessary to anchor the
piping system, it is also necessary to avoid the metal-tometal contact for the conditions already stated. Anchors
are fabricated for this application by foaming between an
actual piece ofthe line pipe and an outerjacket. See Figure 13- 10.
POLYUBETNANE FOAM
sEcTloN "B.s'
l-g-
*..o.o
"*r.
ro
"t"r"tu".
345
346
ON/CONTRACTION
Figure 13-10. POWERFOAM" insulated pipe anchor. (Courtesy of Power Piping Company.)
347
Table 13-6
POWERFOAM- Thermal Properties
160.0
20
20
320.0
320.0
Cou
Hol Face
Kq./cu. m,
+43 5
+42.9
+41.6
+42.4
+44.3
138.7
160.0
224.O
224.O
esy of Power
cold
Hol Face
Cold Face
1S3 7
162
193.4
159 6
193.4
157 6
l.
''K" Faclor
Blu. ln. Hr. Fl.2
264
88.7
0 0213
o 141
0.0219
0.0241
o.0244
0.0297
0.r52
0167
0169
110 3
109 2
106
-3I6.7
103.2
-261 2
760
232
792
-316.1
104 6
-58 4
109
986
860
-746
111 7
102.2
357
-59 4
101 7
-255.3
,316.1
251 7
24.9
25.2
750
31 8
121 7
108 6
Conduclivity
Blu/Hr.
Face
-15 1
-60 0
-75 9
Apparent Thermal
TemDeralure in Fahrenheil
Temperalurein Cenligraale
Powerloam Den3ilier
"F
0.206
o.223
0 0321
PipW ConpanJ.
Table 13-7
POWERFOAM* Physical Properties
Engineering
Oata
Slrenglh
Compressive
At Yield with a
Safety Faclor
Ske.glh
Srrenglh
Or 5:1
Densilies
Kq.
t0
160 0
160.0
10
224.0
224.O
320.0
20
20
320 0
-256
-318
-256
-318
-256
160
194.5
160
60
194.5
,318
194 5
6.0
6.0
6.0
r60
60
60
152
152
152
152
152
152
5900
4500
9200
9200
r 4600
18000
2625
I191
2550
3575
1157
1667
2800
1270
4204
3900
1905
1315
PSI
PSI
PSI
PSI
2676
2441
4173
4173
6522
8165
534
408
833
833
1322
38
29
59
59
93
1630
115
234
231
333
17
2.8
1.9
23
3.1
3.2
254
380
354
PSI
27
32
25
4.8
19500
22104
27200
27004
40000
34900
1371
1483
1912
1898
2812
2453
106.8
81.6
166.6
166.6
264.4
326.0
5.74
11.71
11.71
1.59
22.92
ar Yrerd
"o*',l'-?;ly ST?31'.':Tf;",:"':$f3$'j1".'#ij::l'.'h
Table 13-8
POWERFOAM" Temperature Range
lrsrimum (Hol)
Temperalure
Temperelure
Den3illes
lb./cu.
Kg./cu. m.
10
14
160 0
224 0
320 0
20
Servace
'c
+275
135
425
+275
r35
-425
-245
,254
,275
135
-425
-254
SUPPORT CONTACT
30" each side of
vertical center line.
60"
/n'D'L
I lc\ Sustainaute Loao
\ 6 l\ t =
C = Compressive strength with safety lactor
O = Ouier diameter in inches
L = Length in inches
IEIGHI
OF PIPE, WATEi
{PEe Footl
r'rl|sutaTtol{
1J2
22
2.052
i5
192.01
I
5
402.n
'u
f
.375 t
"r^"",1
PIPE
I
t7912
39.59
23
1323.,15
'.62
257.&A
751"O
r3233 9
"Are
nol regular p pe
sz6
*"SUSTAINABLE
2 fb./cu. tl.
32 Kg./cu. n.
COMPaESSIVE STRENGTH = 5.8 pst (.40774 Ks./Cm.t W|TH 5:1 SAFETY FACTOR
a S:1 salery
tacroi,
FOAM BY
AMBIENT TEMP
-it
COMPAESSIVE STRENGTH =
AMBIENT TEMP,
5l
96 Kg./cu. m'
6 lb./cu. fi.
COMPBESSIVE STRENGTH ='I6 PSI (1.1248 KS./CM.4 WITH 5:1 SAFETY FACTOB (NON-MOLDEO FOAM AY
OTHEFS AMBIENT TEMP
"'Based
on road compression (wnh a 5:1 salely lacior). length oi supports and pipe s[es
-*SUSTAINABLE LOADS
OF INSULATED PIPE SUPPORTS
t tbJcu. fi. - 128 Kg./cu. m.
COiIPRESSIVE STRENGIII = ZI PSt (1.5466 Kg./Cm.,) WITHi:1 SAFETY FACTOR lt{ON-MoLDEo
FoAM ay
fi'8as.d
""Comprossive strength ol
5r
POWERFOAM onty.
t4
Fundamentals of ExPansion Joints
2.
3.
There are two general categories of expansion jointsthe slip type and packless (or bellows) type. The packless,
corrugated metal expansion joint is most frequently used
in modern piping applications. It does not require maintenance, and its hherent flexibility to absorb thermal movements in several planes permits greater freedom in piping
design. The slip joint, a pair of telescoping sleeves made
pressure tight by a packing gland, can absorb a greater
amount of axial movement than a comparable bellowstype joint. However, it requires periodic maintenance and
is restricted to axial movement only.
of
351
I
r*F
AESORPTION
OF AXTAL
MOVEMEIiT
(SINGLE JOTNT)
ABSORPTION
OF ANGULAR ROTATION
(SINGLE.'OINT)
--I -t-'
1+
-li
rl
L EGEND
- X:
+X:
9:
Y:
COMPRESSION
EXTENSION
ANGLE OF ROTATTON
L
ATERAL DEFLEcTIoN
Figure 14-1. Expansion joint movements. (Courtesy of Badger Expansion Joint Company.)
joints are supplied with or without an anchor support base
depending on the customer's preference. See Figure 14-4.
A double joint is used when the axial movement to be
absorbed is too large to be handled by a single joint. The
intermediate anchor on the center nipple divides this
movement so that each bellows of the double joint is usually located in the center of a pipe run: so both ends are
subjected to the same movements and have the same num-
ber of corrusations.
Fundamentals of ExDansion
MAIN ANcHoR
Xf--f
Ft
DMA
l2\-------------1
mmr
F__x--?
IA
-ffi-
Joints
353
DTREcnoNAL
MA|N ANcHoR
INTERMEDIATE
ANCHOR
PRESSURE BALANCEO
EXPANSION JOINT
\DIRECTIONAL INTERMEDIATE
m7f
DIA
'ANcHoR wtrH
GUTDE
l----
rr---r l
'" lfi:11
tEt
mmm
sroE vrEw
END VIEW
ra*/L
't
c-------E-------
sPRrNc suPPoRr
P,PE REDU.ER
GUSSET
l--'-4
-Ff
HTNGED EXPANSToN
rorNr
Figure 1'l-2. Expansion loint symbols. (Courtosy ol Badger Expansion Joint Company.)
di
'1il-
l|l
Figure 14-3. Single expansion joint. (Courtesy of Badger Expansion Joint Company.)
Figure 14-4. Double expansion joint. (Courtesy ot Badger Expansion Joint Company.)
fI
-LATERAL
MOVEMENT HOT
----------.1
rA(:
HEJ:
PG:
Planar Guide
Figure 14-7 illustrates a two-hinge expansion joint system. In this application the expansion joints absorb only
the differential vertical growth between the vessel and
pipe riser. Any horizontal movement due to piping elpqiion, vibration, wind loads, etc. will be absorbed by bending of the vertical pipe leg. A planar guide may be installed near the top of the vessel to protect the hinged
joints from wind loads at right angles to the plane of the
piping.
of
Pipe Guides
A pipe guide is a sleeve or frame fastened to a risid
structure that permits the pipeline to move onJy along-its
9wn lxls: The guide is needed to prevent the pipeline
from buckling due to the pressure thiust or ftelbiiity of
nal. It is used in
"L" or "2"
Force Reduction
Il
Stability
Figure l4-1 shows the movements ofbellows due to angular rotation and/or lateral deflection. In both cases, one
side of the bellows is extended and the other compressed.
so the bellows may become distorted when subjected to
400
357
400
350
350
300
300
250
200
200
r80
t80
r60
t60
r40
r40
r20
roo
=a^
feo
r..r 70
e
lao
(9 -k--
>40
CE
z-30
toL
400
250
MAXIMUM PRESSURE-PSIG
NOTE: I.ADOIIIONAL PIPE SUPPORTS ARE USUAILY iEOUIREO ATWEI'I GIIIDES II{
ACCORDANCE WITH STANOARO PRACTIC.
2 ARROWS REFR TO EXAMPLE GIVE^I IN TEXI
Figure 14-9. Spacing for guides with expansion joint. (courtesy of Badger Expansion Joint company.)
internal pressure. Reducing either the internal pressure or
the displacement of the corrugations will improve the stability of the expansion joint. By cold springing the expansion joint 50% at installation, the maximum displacement
per corrugation is cut in half and the exparsion joint is far
more stable. For this reason, where expansion joints are
subjected to large lateral deflections, or where operating
pressures are high, it is good practice to install the joint in
a 50% cold-sprung condition.
Component Clearances
Where an expansion joint is furnished with internal
sleeves, external covers, or tie devices spanning the be1-
358
Joints
. I?"r:lJ
ln me Iollowlnq cases:
l.
to
is
for high-pressure drip, super-heated steam, hot water^or condensate, or where there is any possibility
of flashins.
In some
cases
it becomes necessary
the
lengths of the pipe nipples in orderlo distribute the load.
Proper design of attachments is extremely important.
parJicularly for critical applications with high piessures
and temperatures. In such cases, hardware-cai cost as
much as or mrcre than the expansion joints. For greater
systgm rgliab_ilrry, it is important that emphasis be put on
engineerirg design rather than price. Upon receipt of per_
unent apptlcatron data. spcial requirements can be deter_
mlneo,
il;;;;;t-";;;;
comections.
Method of Attachment
present.
2. By direct attachment to
1. Operating
pressure.
2. Operating temperature.
3. Bellows material.
Fundamentals of Expansion
4.
5.
6.
7.
Joints
359
prevented by covering the bellows and using an antispatter compound when welding.
External conditions should also be considered. External
corrosion can result from fumes or sprays that may contact the bellows or in tunnel and manhole installations
where water is allowed to collect. Direct application of insulation to the expansion-joint bellows and direct burial in
the ground are not recommended. Many corrosion problems encountered in the field can be reduced, if not completely eliminated. Where corrosion problems are complex, consult a qualified corrosion engineer.
Erosion
This is the mechanical wearing away of the metal surfaces in a joint. It usually results from the irnpact of solid
particles entrained in the flowing medium. Where there is
a possibility of severe erosion, such as in lines carrying
abrasive media, heavy liners should be used to protect the
bellows of the expansion joint.
Corrosion
Corrosion can significantly reduce the service life of an
expansion joint. The design and operating characteristics
of expansion joints are such that they may be exposed to
corrosive attack under conditions that do not affect piping
and fittings of similar materials.
Types of corrosion most frequendy experienced in expansion-joint applications are as follows:
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Example
Assume a 10-in. steam line fabricated from carbon steel
is carrying superheated steam at 300 psig and the distance
Sorution
The corrosion resistance of stainless steel depends on
the formation of a thin, unbroken, chromic oxide surface,
which will form slowly in the atmosphere on clean stainless steel. Particles of steel from welding spatter should be
in.)
100
0 in.
Example
4.55 in.
"o*o."._
slon.
6(70.F
P_
(460"F
Precompression
- 0.F) _
- 0.F)
0.913 in.
-4(Tz-Tr)
(Ts - Tr)
D-
Application
Pipe Anchors
The first step is to determine the tentative locations of
pipe anchors. By proper location, any piping system can
be reduced to a number of individual eipanding pipe sections having relatively simple configurations. The number
and location of pipe anchors will depend upon piping configuration, amount of thermal expansion, the proximiry of
structural members suitable for-use as anchors, and-the
location ofpipe fittings, connected equipment, and branch
connections.
Installation temperature determined by actual temperatue reading of adjacent piping. Do not use the ambient atmospheric
temperature for this purpose.
Maximum temDerature
'1
0z
Figure 14-10, Diagram illustrating the forces that act upon the main
anchor.
Figure 14-11. Diagram illustrating the forces that act upon the main anchor in applications involving straight pipe
selections and in applications involving anchors at pipe bends and elbows.
where
14-ll)
are:
:
F, :
F. :
F,nn
Fg :
I
2.
F":AP
where F, :
A:
P:
guides.
Static thrust due to internal pressure,
lb
Effective pressure thrust area (in.2)
taken from data shet
Maximum pressure (p6i) based on
the most severe conditions whether
design, operational or test
Assuming that the weight of the pipeline and its contents are carried by supports. To calculate the total
by any one
force imposed on the main anchor
pipe section use the following equation:
(F)
F':F"+F.+F"
To determine the net load on the anchor, it is necessary to add vectorially the forces imposed upon it by
each
sections
to which it is at-
tached.
To calculate the main anchor forces for applications involving straight pipe sections containing expansion joints
ofdifferent diameters (see center anchor in Figure 14-12),
use the following equation:
4:(Ar-&)P
Figure 14-12. Diagram illustrating the torces that act upon the main anchor in applications involving straight pipe
selections containing expansion joints of ditferent diameters.
where
A1 :
,q.2
P :
m.'
Effective area, corresponding to the
mean diameter of the expansion joint in
the smaller pipe section, in.2
Maximum pressure (psi), based on the
most severe conditions, whether design,
operational, or test.
will
be:
F,":F"+F-r+Fgr-Fgz
where F.1
F- :
Fr1
Fez
:
:
Force (from data sheet) required to extend or compress the expaniion joint in
the larger pipe section, lb
Force (from data sheet) required to extend or compress the expansion joint in
the small pipe section, lb
Frictional force (from guide manufacturer) due to pipe alignment guides in the
larger pipe section, lb
Frictional force (from guide manufacturer) due to pipe alignment guides in the
smaller pipe section, lb
the centrifugal thrust (Fo) due to flow, must be considered. Fo may be calculated as follows:
rp:
2ADV2
: Internal
where A-slnD
e
:
:
:
:
ff
area of pipe,
DensiU of fluid, lb/ft3
Velocity of flow, ft/sec
Acceleration due to gravity, 32.2 fllsec2
Angle of pipe bend
Fre : F.r *
where F^1
Frr
Fno
:
:
Fr1
Fn2
Fgz
EIl
tJ-
363
Figure 14-13. Diagram illustrating theJorcesthat act upon an intermediate pipe anchor in a pipe section containing
expansion joints.
Fgz
If the pipe is the same diameter on both sides of the intermediate anchor, and if the guides on both pipe sections
are similar in number and design to F,,z and Fgr, respectively, but opposite in sign, F1a will be equal to zero.
However, it is possible that the pipeline may heat up gradually from one end, thereby causing one of the pipe sgctions to expand before the other. It is therefore considered
good practice to design the htermediate anchor to resist
the forces exerted by one of the two pipe sections (i.e.,
F1a : F*1 *Fgr).
pipe size. From this intersection, follow across horizontally to the guide spacing column (left to right) and read
the recommended spacing. For example, the recommended intermediate guide spacing for a 6-in. pipeline
containing an expansion joint under a pressure of 125 psig
is 43 feet. The first guide should be no more than 24 in.
from the expansion joint, and the second pipe guide 84 in.
joint an adequate distanceiway from tubulence producers. the joint slould be equipped with a
heavy sleeve. Figures 14-14 and 14-15 show the information required for standard and special expansion joints
specification sheets.
the expansion
End Connections
The type of end connections selected depends upon the
operating conditions and the customer's re.guirements. See
Figure l4-16 for illustrations. The following is a briefdescription of the various g?es available.
Combination Ends
Expansion joints can be supplied with one weld end and
one flanged end to meet installation requirements.
Covers
Covers protect expansion joints from mechanical damage and serve as a base for insulation.
Sleeves
Sleeves minimize pressure drop and also streamline the
Nominal
Size
3 to 6 in.
) 6 in.
3 to 6 in.
> 6 in.
Pipe
Medium
in Pipe
Steam
Steam
Air
(other gases)
Air
(other gases)
Velocity
of trlow
1,000 ft/min/in. dia
6,000 ff:/min
250 ft/min/in. dia
1,500 fl:/min
Fundamentals ol Exoansion
For additional data use the sheet for supplemental information for special expansion joints.
Customer
Inquiry/Job No.
Project
1. Item No.
2. Quantrty
3. Size
4. Flowing Medium+
5. Flow Velocity
6. Int. Design Pressure, psig
7. Int. Text Pressure, psig
8. Maximum Temperature, "F
9. Minimum Temperature, oF
12. Axial
extension, in.
Joints
365
366
Customer
Project
hquiry/Job No.
1. Item No.
7. Material
8. Facing
9. O.D.
10. I.D.
ll.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Thiclness
B.C. diameter
No. holes
Size holes
Hole orientation
Design Restrictions
16.
17.
18.
19.
Length
Maximum O.D.
Minimum I.D.
Axial force
2O. LatercJ force (Shear)
21. End moment
22. Cychc design life
23. ASME Code partial
Data forms required
24. Applicable codes and
specifications
Figure 14-15. Supplemental information for special expansion joints, to be used with the standard expansion
ioint
specitication sheet.
15
Glossarv
.,/
Carburizing-Diffusing carbon into the surface of ironbase alloys by heating in the presence of carbonaceous materials.
and subsequent hardening by suitable heat trearment, if necessary, all or part ofthe surface portion:
of a section of iron-base alloy.
Casting-Fouring molten metal into a mold or a meta.
object so produced.
Cementite-An iron-carbon compound with the chem;cal formula Fe3C often called iron carbide.
--
Glossary
Charpy test-A pendulum-q pe impact tesr in which
notched specimen, supported ar both ends as a simple beam, is broken by the impact of the falling pendulum. The energy absorbed in breaking the specimen, as determined by the deireased rise of the
pendulum, is a measure of the impacr strength of the
metal.
Chemical analysis-Separating an allor. into its component elements and identi! in-e them. In quantitative
analysis, the proportion of each element is determined.
Chromium-A hard crystalline metal used as an alloying element to give resistalce to heat. corrosion, and
wear and increase strength and hardenability.
Cold working-Permanent deformadon of a metal below its recrystallization temperature. Also defined
as plastic deformation of a metal at a temperature
low enough to ensure strain hardening. Mechanical
properties, such as tensile strength, hardness, and
ductility, are also altered.
Compressive strength-The ability to withstand compressrve stresses.
349
lar in composition or structure. The dissimilar er:ments form short-circuited electrodes. The corr.--
the
body, as in rolling.
Endurance limit-A limir of stress below which metal
will withstand stress without fracture; a specified
large number of applications of such stress.
Eutectoid steel-A carbon steel containine 0.80% carbon that becomes a solid solution ar anitemoerature
in the austenite temperarure range between i ,333.F
and 2,500"F.
Fatigue-The tendency of a metal to fracture under conditions of repeated cyclic stressing below the ultimate tensile strength but above the yield strength.
Ferrite-A solid solution in which alphas iron is the solvent and having a body-cenrered iubic crystal structure.
Free machining-The property of steel imparted by additions of sulphur, selenium, or phosphorus which
promote chip breakage and permit increased ma-
surfaces
37O
metal. The embrittlement is more evident in hardened parts, and can be removed by aging or heating
the steel for a prescribed period.
Hypereutectoid steels-Steels containing from 0.80%
to above 2.0% carbon.
Hypoeutectoid steels-Carbon steels containing less
than 0.80% carbon.
Impact test-A test designed to determine the energy
absorbed in fracturing a test bar at high velocity.
The usual impact test specimen is a standard size
square bar with a V or keyhole type notch. (See
Charpy test and Izod test.)
Intergranular corrosion-Corrosion that tends to localize at grain boundaries, usually under conditions of
prolonged stress and certain environments, and in
association with poor heat reating or welding practice that has caused the precipitation of a more easily
attacked constituent at these boundaries.
Izod test-A pendulum-type of notched-bar impact test
in which the specimen is supported at one end as a
cantilever beam and the energy required to break off
the free end is used as a measure of impact strength.
Machinability-The rate and ease with which a metal
can be machined.
Magnetic particle testing-This method of inspection
consists in suitably magnetizing the material and applying a prepared magnetic powder which adheres
along lines of flux leakage. On properly magnetized
material, flux leakage develops along surface nonuniformities. This method is not applicable to high
Nitriding-A
Normalizing-A
G
Glossary
Poisson's ratio-Ratio expressing the relation of strain
normal to the applied load as a proportion of direct
strain within the elastic limit. Also relates moduli of
elasticity ard rigidity.
hecipitation hardening-Hardening of metallic alloys,
by aging, which results from the precipitation of a
constituent from a supersaturated solid solution,
usually nonferrous alloys. Also termed as hardening. (See ,{grng.)
Process annealing-An annealing operation carried out
at a constant temperature just below the critical
transformation temperature (also referred to as sub-
critical annealing) .
Proof stress-In a test, stress that will cause a specified
permanent set in a material, usually 17o or less.
Proportional limit-The highest stress at which the material still follows Hooke's Law, similar to elastic
limit.
Quenching-A process of rapid cooling from an
ele-
vated temperature.
Resistance
welding-A welding
process
in which the
37'l
Stress
formation range and then coolhg at an) rare desired. This operation is frequently called sress relieving. "Drawing" is synonymous xith temperhg.
but the latter is the preferred usage.
Tensile strength-The maximum load il pou_n& ger
square inch, based on the origiml cro=.-^.e.-tibn.
which may be developed in rensile resrilg. isee a.L:o
Uhimate Strength.)
372
by atmospheric elements.
Vickers hardness test-An indentation hardness test utilizing a diamond pyrarnid and useful over the entire
range of common metals.
Welding-A
aa
Index
1l
Allowable loads, 257 -264
Allowable longitudinal stress, 9
Allowable momenlq 257 -264
Allowable pipe deflection, 314
Alowable pipe span, 314
Allowable resultant forces and
moments (table), 258
Allowable shear stress, 11
263-2&
250-251
Anchor(s), 122, 345, 356, 360-363
forces and moments, 3
intermediate, 362-363
main, 360-362
Angle valves
cast steel, 307
flanged,302
ANSI/ASME Code 816.9, 120
ANSI/ASME Code B31.1 (Power
Piping), 3-6, 14, 257 , 260
allowable stress range (tables),
38-'72
ANSI/ASME Code 831.2 (Fuel Gas
Piping),
14
73-111
ANSI/ASME Code 831.4 (Liquid
Petroleum Transportation Piping
, 9, 11, 14-15
ANSI/ASME Code 831.5
(Refrigeration Piping), 15
ANSI/ASME (DOT) 831.8 Code
Systems),
clearances,357
Compressors, 262-263
Connections
(ANSr/ASME 831.10), 16
Cycle life expectancy, 2, 358-359
Cylindrical vessels, 122- 176
263-264
compressors, 262-263
pumps,257-259
turbine drivers, 260-262
Design factor
Caking,358
Centrifugal steel compressor, 262
73-111
Circumferential bendhg, 123
Circumferential stress, 2
Coefficients of thermal expansion
(tables),2-32
373
F,
13
ll.
374
loops, 351
Erosion,359
spans,314-320
rypes of, 325-329
anchors,356
application, 360-363
cold springing, 356
corrosion, 359
erosion,359
265-291
't2
359-360
types,351-355
angle,302
check (swing), 301
gate,300
globe,30l
Flanges
fixed, 364
forged steel, 303-305
weight (tabl), 302
Flexibility, 122
Flexibility factors,
12
257,26/.,356,358
Fuel Gas Piping Code (ANSI/ASME
83r.2),
14
Expansions,
offset lensths reouired
(tables), 266-267'
Expansion stresses, 2-3, 6, 13
range, 8-9, 11
External mechanical forces, 258
External pressure, 5
tl,
13
Machining, 112
Main pipe anchors, 360-362
Maximum allowed wall thickness, 6
Maximum allowable resultant forces
unrestrained,9
Piping codes, 3-16
Piping wind loads, 320-323
(tzble),324-325
Pressure
bends, 120
elbows, 120-121
spactng, 112, 120-121
welding,308-309
"Modified lame" formula, 177
Modulus of elasticity (table), 33,257
external, 5
rutios,
177
, 250-256
(tables), 178-249
Prestressing,3
Pumps, 256-258
Purging connections, 358
Nozzles, 122-123
flexibilities, 122-
176
266-267
Oil piping,
14
(ANSr/ASME 831.5),
15
moments, 258
Pedestal support, 258-259
Pipe(s)
insulation, 299-300
deflection, 314
Right
Rigid
Rigid
Rigid
guides,356,363
bends,311-323,351
components, 299 -313, 357
(tzbles), 122-176
{d
---r
Index {Is
Saturated sream. properties
(tables). 3-l-36 -
Self sprineins.
Shaft displaciment
of
. 258-259
Sleeve.356.358,364
ll
Stabiliry,356
limits,314-315
pressure/stress r atios,
prtmary, 2
lj 7 _256
range, 2
shear,
ll
-'
359-360
f,
l.]
5-6. 324,
turbines,260-267
2-'
wall thlckness
maxrmum allowable. 6
nominal, l l, l12,
required, 177
Weather,35l
177
angle,302
check (swing),
gate,300
globe,301
301
l0
y=
2t4_231, t50