Offshore Substation

SCADA and Communication

technical standards

ETS-05 Rev. 3

Document No. 57161-10 Case 10/4054 - ETS-05 v.3

Revision survey
Document title

SCADA and Communication

Document no.

57161-10

Target group

Fabrications Contractors and Designer for Offshore substations.

Revision

Document
status

1
2

Approved
Approved

Approved

Writer
Init
N/A
N/A
xomo

Reviewer

Date
Init
12.10.09 N/A
12.10.09 N/A
POB, POD,
15.11.12 TKL, TAN,
SGH, XBOH

Date
N/A
N/A
15.11.12

Approver
Init
JEJ
SGH
JEJ

Date
12.10.09
17.11.10
15.11.12

Minor alterations, type errors, rephrases' e.t.c where the meaning of the text is left
unchanged are not shown.
Appendix no. and description
None

Document No. 57161-10 Case 10/4054 - ETS-05 v. 3

Revision

Table of contents
1.

Scope

2.1
2.2

References
Statutory Regulations
Codes and Standards

4
4
4

3.1
3.2

Definitions and Abbreviations

Definitions
Abbreviations

4
4
5

2.

3.

4.

Design Requirements
4.1
Environmental conditions
4.2
General design
4.2.1 SCADA system
4.2.2 Energinet.DK onshore SCADA control and monitoring
4.2.3 Wind farm owner SCADA control and monitoring
4.3
SCADA design and construction
4.3.1 Design
4.3.2 Construction
4.4
SCADA functional requirements
4.4.1 Information management system
4.4.2 Human machine interface
Application program development and configuration
4.4.3
4.5
SCADA system requirements
4.5.1 Change management and access rights
4.5.2 Hardware
4.5.3 Software
4.5.4 Spare capacity
4.6
Communication Systems
4.6.1 General
4.6.2 Telephone System
4.6.3 VHF System
4.7
Other requirements
4.7.1 Inspection and tests
4.7.2 Documentation
4.7.3 Packaging for transport

5.
5.1
6.

5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
9
9
10
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15

Certificates / Data books

General

15
15

Topology diagram (typical)

16

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1.

Scope
This technical standard specifies the basic requirements for the Supervisory Control
and Data Acquisition system (SCADA) to be used on an offshore located Substation.
Further requirement for communications equipment/System on the Substation is
described.

2.

References

2.1

Statutory Regulations

2.2

2006/95/EC
2004/108/EC

Low Voltage Directive (LVD)

EMC Directive

Codes and Standards

IEC 60092
IEC 60364

IEC
IEC
IEC
IEC
IEC

60529
60870
61000
61892
61850

Electrical installations in ships

Low voltage electrical installations - Protection for safety
and protection against electric shock.
Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
Tele control equipment and systems
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
Mobile and fixed offshore units Electrical installations
Communication, networks and systems in substations

3.

Definitions and Abbreviations

3.1

Definitions

Shall:

Verbal form used to indicate requirements to be strictly followed in

order to conform to the standard and from which no deviation is
permitted, unless accepted by all parties.
Should:
Verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is
recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or
excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but
not necessarily required.
May:
Verbal form used to indicate a course of action permissible within the
limits of the standard.
Can:
Verbal form used for statements of possibility and capability, whether
material, physical or casual.
Employer: Energinet.dk

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3.2

Abbreviations

4.
4.1

ABA
CCTV
CPU
HMI
HVAC
IMS
RCC
RIO
UPS
VDU
LAN
LOS
VoIP

Automatisk Brand Alarm system Automatic fire alarm system

Closed Circuit Television
Central Processing Unit
Human Machine Interface
Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
Information Management System
Remote Control Centre
Remote Input Output system
Uninterruptible Power Supply
Visual Display Unit
Local Area Network
Line of Sight
Voice over Internet Protocol

Design Requirements
Environmental conditions
The Substation will be located in an offshore environment.
Design conditions for facilities and systems outdoor are:
Minimum temperature:
Maximum temperature:
Relative humidity
Atmosphere:
Max. wind speed:

-10C
+25C
70 - 100 % RH
Marine - Saliferous
30.9 m/sec / 10 minutes mean (50 years return
period) @ 10 m above sea level

Although the complete SCADA system will be located indoor in rooms with HVAC,
outdoor conditions may occur in case of loss of HVAC. Hence the SCADA system and
the components installed therein shall be suitable for use in limited periods in said
environment.

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4.2

General design

4.2.1

SCADA system
The SCADA system shall be divided into two individual systems, one for control and
monitoring of Energinet.DK equipment and one for control and monitoring of the
Wind farm owners equipment.
The SCADA system shall provide input facilities for the monitoring of all the various
equipment whether it is digital, analogue or bus transmitted signals.
Further the SCADA system shall provide control of all the various equipment either
by programmed control functions or by operator intervention.

4.2.2

Energinet.DK onshore SCADA control and monitoring

The following list of equipment is to be monitored and controlled by Energinet.DK is
for guidance only; the actual equipment list may vary from this:

4.2.3

HV switchgear
MV switchgear
LV switchgear
LV transformers
UPS systems
ABA system
On site standby diesel generator
Fire water pumps
Fire water valves
Diesel tanks
Drain tank
Oil/water separator
HVAC system
Navigation aid system
CCTV system
Weather station

Wind farm owner SCADA control and monitoring

Equipment to be monitored and controlled by the wind farm owner is:

HV switchgear
MV switchgear
Turbines in the wind park

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4.3

SCADA design and construction

4.3.1

Design
The design of SCADA shall be based on a distributed system with the use of
programmable RIO systems which communicates to a set of redundant
concentrators.
The RIO systems shall be used for monitoring and control of the HV Transformer
bay, for HV line bay and for miscellaneous platform auxiliary equipment.
The redundant concentrators shall handle all communication concerning monitoring
and control on the following systems:

HV transformer
HV line
Platform monitoring
HV protection relays
ABA system
Emergency diesel generator
Weather station
Navigation aids
LV switchgear
Local service computer (HMI)
Energinet.DK onshore control room
Wind farm owner onshore control room

The interface between the SCADA system and auxiliary systems can be carried out
either hardwired or through an appropriate and agreed upon communication
protocol.
The preferred protocol and media for Energinet.dk is Modbus-RTU, transmitted on
RS-485., fibre based. Energinet.dk is master, and the auxiliary equipment must be
slave.
If other protocols are considered, then Energinet.dk has to approve.

4.3.2

Construction
The complete SCADA system shall be contained in a number of dedicated cabinets.
All cabinets shall be of a standard type sized 2100x800x600mm (HxWxD) with
glazed doors. The height of 2100mm includes a 100mm base/plinth.
All cabinet assemblies for floor mounting shall have a 100mm base with predrilled
holes for bolting directly on a steel support welded to the deck.
Cable access shall be from the bottom of the panels if the room is with false floor
otherwise cable entry is to be from top.

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Each cabinet shall have a Cu earth bar running in the entire length of the termination
section. The earth bar shall be pre drilled and treaded for easy mounting of earth
wires with cable lugs.
Except for the cabinet for optical fibre termination and the cabinet for the IMS
computer which both shall have fixed frames, all cabinets shall have left hinged
frames.
Cabinet colour shall be RAL 7035.
All cabinets containing active equipment shall be ventilated by means of an active
fan and temperature measurement which shall be monitored by the SCADA control
system. These cabinets shall have a filtered air intake in the base/plinth of the
cabinet and a raised roof for air vent in top of the cabinet.
All cabinets shall have an internal light fitting connected to a door switch.
The 230 V AC for internal lighting, ventilation fan and socket outlet for service shall
be supplied from one of the lighting and small power switchboards.
In addition to above the individual cabinets shall be equipped as follows:

SCADA concentrator cabinet:

This cabinet shall contain the redundant SCADA concentrators.
The cabinet shall have two independent CPU chassis.
Power supply for the active equipment shall be dual 48 V DC from each of the
48 V DC UPS systems.

Auxiliary equipment cabinet:

This cabinet shall contain the GPS clock synchronization, the 1 A fuses for 48 V
DC distribution, the N-port server and the electric/optic isolation equipment.
Power supply for the active equipment shall be dual 48 V DC from each of the
48 V DC UPS systems.

Communication equipment cabinet:

This cabinet shall contain the SDH equipment for the single mode fibre optic
communication, the LOS radio link, the channels for communicating relay
protection and channels for communicating the IP, all in a redundant
configuration.
Power supply for the active equipment shall be dual 48 V DC from each of the
48 V DC UPS systems.

Main distribution frame (MDF)

This cabinet shall contain the patch panel termination points for all CAT5 IP
distribution outlets in order to assign the outlets to the correct ports on the
switch/router.
There is no active equipment in this panel.

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Optical fibre termination cabinet:

This cabinet shall contain the termination points for all optical fibres.
Multimode (MM 62,5m) fibre shall be used locally and single mode (SM 9m) is
used in the HV cable to/from shore.
From this cabinet single mode cabling is distributed to the SDH equipment in the
communication cabinet.
There is no active equipment in this panel.

HMI/IMS Computer cabinet:

This cabinet shall contain an industrial type computer suitable for 19 rack
mounting. The computer shall have dual screen graphics card.
The computer cabinet shall be accessible from the rear side.
Power supply for the computer shall be from 230 V AC UPS system.

ABA cabinet:
This cabinet shall contain the automatic fire alarm system.
Power supply for the computer shall be from 230 V AC UPS system.

Cross wiring field cabinet:

This cabinet shall contain a set of terminals for termination of all the hardwired
I/O signals from various equipment. Another set of terminals shall via crosswiring in the cabinet interface the signals to the SCADA control system.
Interface shall be via 20x2x0,6mm2 cable.
There is no active equipment in this panel.

In addition to the cabinets, the SCADA system shall include the HMI operator station
which consists of 2 VDUs, a mouse, a keyboard and a printer.
The VDUs (22 high resolution screens), the mouse (wireless laser) and keyboard
(Danish type) and the printer (Ink jet A4) shall be located on a desk positioned up to
10m from the computer.
Connection from computer to screens shall be by coax cable and from the computer
to mouse, keyboard and printer the cable shall be a CAT5 type.

4.4

SCADA functional requirements

4.4.1

Information management system

The IMS shall be integrated in the computer which is also handling the HMI.
The IMS shall have programming tools that make it easy to create historical reports
for blockings, production data, operational logging, maintenance data and alarms
with searching and sorting facilities etc.

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The IMS shall receive process and store data of all monitored and controlled
equipment on the platform.
The IMS shall also receive and store data from the ABA system.
Typical IMS functionality is:

4.4.2

Long term storage of alarms and events.

Trend data storage.
Long term storage of selected measurement values.
Alarm analysis.
Administrative tasks.

Human machine interface

The HMI on the platform shall primarily be used as the local operator station, but it
should also be possible to use the HMI as engineering station for software updates to
the SCADA system.
The operator dialogue shall be designed to avoid performing actions unintentionally.
It shall be easy to navigate between displays jumping directly from one display to
any other.
The system shall give feedback to the operator that a command has been registered
and that processing has started.
Data entries should be validated by the system, e.g. that an entered set point is
within the permissible parameter range. When an entry is invalid an advisory
message shall appear indicating the error.
The display screens shall present the information consistent with their function to
achieve secure process control and supervision.
Displayed texts shall be in English.
Issues such as display title, amount of information on the display screen, background
colour, grouping of information, etc. shall be agreed with Energinet.DK.
The display update rate shall be configured to match the dynamics of the process.
However, dynamic alphanumeric values shall not be updated more frequent than
once per second.
The display system shall allow for three levels of displaying. An overview from which
it shall be possible to go directly to a specific system from which it shall be possible
to go directly to a specific function or object.

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Colour coding of information shall be provided to make it easy for the operator to
distinguish between different categories of displayed data.
Colour table for electrical systems:

400 kV
220 kV
150 kV
35 kV
400/230 V AC
230 V UPS
48 V DC UPS

Red
Green
Black
Blue
Yellow
Brown
Orange

RAL
RAL
RAL
RAL
RAL
RAL
RAL

code pending
6018
9005
5012
1016
8028
2004

Colour table for alarm/event categories:

Action alarm
Warning alarm
Fault alarm
Suppressed
Blocked
Conflict

Red
Yellow
Light blue
Blue
Blue
Red

The operator shall be able to generate a hardcopy print of any display screen.
It shall as a minimum be possible to printout alarm lists and event lists without using
the screen dump facility.
The number of alarms during abnormal conditions shall be reduced by alarm
processing/suppression techniques in order to have operator attention to the most
critical alarms that require operator action.
The system shall be able to group alarms and events occurring on a system display
and present the resulting alarm and event function on the overview display according
to the display hierarchy.
The system should also facilitate a direct jump for any alarm from the alarm list to
the applicable display.
The system shall offer means for alarm annunciation such as acoustic and flashing
symbol and visually on VDU displays, alarm overviews and on alarm lists.
Through the display system the operator must be able to easily identify alarm state,
i.e. new, acknowledged, or cleared.
Acknowledging an alarm shall stop the flashing and the audible signal.

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Events and alarms shall be time tagged in order to identify correct order of sequence
of events.
It shall be possible to trend all variables and both real time and historical trend
displays shall be available. Time windows and sampling intervals shall be user
selectable.
It shall be possible to show several variables in the same trend display.
Blocking and suppression shall be possible for the individual alarms and the system
shall enable the operator to trace where blocking/suppression is active.
4.4.3

Application program development and configuration

The system programming tool shall at least have the following features:

On-line modification of application program without stopping the SCADA unit.

On-line change of parameters.
Load, upload and modifications of application programs via SCADA network.
VDU graphics configuration tool.
Start/stop of application programs.
On-line verification of application in programming tool and application running in
executing SCADA unit.
Self documenting facilities with provisions for application program revision
control and traceability.

4.5

SCADA system requirements

4.5.1

Change management and access rights

The system shall be able to handle different levels of access rights to prevent
unauthorised manipulation of specific systems or system attributes such as controller
parameters, alarm limits, etc.

4.5.2

Hardware
The number of different types of hardware modules shall be limited to ease
maintenance and spare part handling.
To minimise cabling between equipment and central control system programmable
RIOs should be used where applicable.
Field devices should be powered from SCADA.
I/O cards shall have galvanic isolation between field and CPU side.
No single defect or failure in any I/O card shall affect any other I/O card.
Short circuit in the field shall not damage the I/O cards.

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All I/O cards shall be replaceable under full operating conditions without the
requirement for SCADA system shutdown. Also installation of additional I/O cards
shall be possible without shutdown.
4.5.3

Software
A warm start-up of SCADA shall be with predefined output signals. Cold start-up and
reboot time shall take less than 30 minutes including loading of any system software
and application program.

4.5.4

Spare capacity
Spare capacity shall be measured at the time of final detailed design.
All control units shall have a minimum of 20% spare I/Os. Spare I/Os shall be
measured per type of I/O.
For a well defined mechanical package a lower quantity of spares may be accepted.
Requirements regarding spare capacity for communication links shall be as for I/Os.
CPU load (Percentage of time available for application program) shall not exceed
75%. The load should be measured as an average over a period of twice the slowest
scan rate in use.
The control unit memory shall have a minimum of 50% spare capacity. It shall be
possible to expand the memory without any change of application programmes and
degradation of system performance.
The telephones shall be connected to the communication equipment panel via Local
Area Network connector sockets in each room.

4.6

Communication Systems

4.6.1

General
All communication of internet, intranet and Platform monitoring and control data
shall be via an optic fibre integrated in the HV submarine cable to shore.
Further a Line of sight (LOS) communication system shall have to be established as
a back up to the optic fibre communication. Alternatively satellite communication
may have to be considered, all depending on the Platform location and an evaluation
of the most feasible communication means.
A LAN data network shall be established on the Platform. The LAN shall be used for
the telephone system and for the CCTV system as well as for various technical
subsystems. LAN shall be accessible from all rooms. LAN cable runs outdoor shall be
fibre cables.

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4.6.2

Telephone System
Stationary VoIP telephones shall only be installed in selected indoor areas.
Wireless telephone transceivers (DECT base stations) shall be installed for coverage
of all indoor areas.
The telephones shall be connected to the communication equipment panel via Local
Area Network connector sockets in each room.

4.6.3

VHF System
To enable staff on the Platform to communicate with service/supply boats and
helicopters and to make emergency calls the Platform shall be equipped with three
VHF radios.
One stationary VHF radio shall be installed in the staff room. It shall have a fixed
antenna mounted on the top deck and a coax cable routed to a connector located
close to the radio.
Two portable VHF radios with rechargeable batteries shall be based in indoor where
the battery charger shall be located. Location to be agreed.

4.7

Other requirements

4.7.1

Inspection and tests

Test and simulation equipment shall be available for the I/Os configured.
Facilities for measuring of dynamic loads of SCADA unit, communication system and
HMI/IMS system shall be available during the tests.
The tests shall be performed hierarchically, starting with SCADA unit test, then
system tests and finally integration test.
All I/Os shall be tested from the field side of the SCADA units.
The SCADA unit test shall comprise a test of hardware and software applications of
all units, including applications on HMI/IMS.
In the system test all SCADA units shall be tested together. All I/Os shall be
simulated and the test shall include all inter-unit signals.
The integration test shall cover a full functional test of all systems and a test of
system fault monitoring. During the complete system test the dynamic bus and CPU
load shall be measured.

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The SCADA system supplier shall at least 4 weeks before test will take place issue a
test procedure for Energinet.dk to comment and approve. All tests shall be
performed in accordance with the approved test procedures.
All tests shall be documented.
4.7.2

Documentation
All equipment and software shall be fully documented.

4.7.3

Packaging for transport

The equipment supplier shall be responsible for the packing of all equipment for
shipment and possible storing and for providing the equipment at the destination in
ex-works condition.

5.

Certificates / Data books

5.1

General
The final documentation shall be split up in one or more data books containing all
relevant information concerning the equipment and one or more data books
containing all relevant information concerning software.

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6.

Topology diagram (typical)

Notes:

1. Communication to RCC.
All information and actions to/from RCC shall be transmitted on this
communication link in accordance to IEC 60870-5-104, and IEC
61850.
2. Communication to local HMI.
All information and actions to/from RCC shall also be available on this
communication link in accordance to IEC 60870-5-104.
3. Communication of indications and alarms only in accordance to IEC
60870-5-103.
4. Communication to/from Switchgear, transformer and platform utilities
in accordance to IEC 60870-5-101.
5. Communication to/from Wind farm owner equipment to be agreed
upon, only info available for Energinet.DK.
6. Communication to/from various platform systems via modbus or
similar.

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7. Radio transmitted communication to shore is optional and could either

be based on LOS or satellite communication.

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